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Tan YH, Wang KCW, Chin IL, Sanderson RW, Li J, Kennedy BF, Noble PB, Choi YS. Stiffness Mediated-Mechanosensation of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells on Linear Stiffness Gradient Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304254. [PMID: 38593989 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In obstructive airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein amount and composition of the airway smooth muscle (ASM) is often remodelled, likely altering tissue stiffness. The underlying mechanism of how human ASM cell (hASMC) mechanosenses the aberrant microenvironment is not well understood. Physiological stiffnesses of the ASM were measured by uniaxial compression tester using porcine ASM layers under 0, 5 and 10% longitudinal stretch above in situ length. Linear stiffness gradient hydrogels (230 kPa range) were fabricated and functionalized with ECM proteins, collagen I (ColI), fibronectin (Fn) and laminin (Ln), to recapitulate the above-measured range of stiffnesses. Overall, hASMC mechanosensation exhibited a clear correlation with the underlying hydrogel stiffness. Cell size, nuclear size and contractile marker alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression showed a strong correlation to substrate stiffness. Mechanosensation, assessed by Lamin-A intensity and nuc/cyto YAP, exhibited stiffness-mediated behaviour only on ColI and Fn-coated hydrogels. Inhibition studies using blebbistatin or Y27632 attenuated most mechanotransduction-derived cell morphological responses, αSMA and Lamin-A expression and nuc/cyto YAP (blebbistatin only). This study highlights the interplay and complexities between stiffness and ECM protein type on hASMC mechanosensation, relevant to airway remodelling in obstructive airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hwee Tan
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Kimberley C W Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ian L Chin
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Rowan W Sanderson
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jiayue Li
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Brendan F Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Peter B Noble
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhong B, Geng Y, Hao J, Jin Q, Hou W. Cysteine and glycine-rich protein 2 retards platelet-derived growth factor-BB-evoked phenotypic transition of airway smooth muscle cells by decreasing YAP/TAZ activity. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3896. [PMID: 38081793 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cysteine and glycine-rich protein 2 (Csrp2) has emerged as a key factor in controlling the phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells. The phenotypic transition of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is a pivotal step in developing airway remodeling during the onset of asthma. However, whether Csrp2 mediates the phenotypic transition of ASMCs in airway remodeling during asthma onset is undetermined. This work aimed to address the link between Csrp2 and the phenotypic transition of ASMCs evoked by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB in vitro. The overexpression or silencing of Csrp2 in ASMCs was achieved through adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. The expression of mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time-PCR. Protein levels were determined through Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was detected by EdU assay and Calcein AM assays. Cell cycle distribution was assessed via fluorescence-activated cell sorting assay. Cell migration was evaluated using the scratch-wound assay. The transcriptional activity of Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) was measured using the luciferase reporter assay. A decline in Csrp2 level occurred in PDGF-BB-stimulated ASMCs. Increasing Csrp2 expression repressed the PDGF-BB-evoked proliferation and migration of ASMCs. Moreover, increasing Csrp2 expression impeded the phenotypic change of PDGF-BB-stimulated ASMCs from a contractile phenotype into a synthetic/proliferative phenotype. On the contrary, the opposite effects were observed in Csrp2-silenced ASMCs. The activity of YAP/TAZ was elevated in PDGF-BB-stimulated ASMCs, which was weakened by Csrp2 overexpression or enhanced by Csrp2 silencing. The YAP/TAZ activator could reverse Csrp2-overexpression-mediated suppression of the PDGF-BB-evoked phenotypic switching of ASMCs, while the YAP/TAZ suppressor could dimmish Csrp2-silencing-mediated enhancement on PDGF-BB-evoked phenotypic switching of ASMCs. In summary, Csrp2 serves as a determinant for the phenotypic switching of ASMCs. Increasing Csrp2 is able to impede PDGF-BB-evoked phenotypic change of ASMCs from a synthetic phenotype into a synthetic/proliferative phenotype through the effects on YAP/TAZ. This work implies that Csrp2 may be a key player in airway remodeling during the onset of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juanjuan Hao
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiaoyan Jin
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Liu H, Zhang S, Liu Y, Ma J, Chen W, Yin T, Li T, Liang B, Tao L. Knockdown of HSP110 attenuates hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice through suppression of YAP/TAZ-TEAD4 pathway. Respir Res 2022; 23:209. [PMID: 35986277 PMCID: PMC9389662 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive and fatal cardiopulmonary disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and increased pulmonary vascular resistance and artery pressure. Vascular remodeling is associated with the excessive cell proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). In this paper, the effects of heat shock protein-110 (HSP110) on PH were investigated.
Methods
The C57BL/6 mice and human PASMCs (HPASMCs) were respectively exposed to hypoxia to establish and simulate PH model in vivo and cell experiment in vitro. To HSP110 knockdown, the hypoxia mice and HPASMCs were infected with adeno-associated virus or adenovirus carring the shRNAs (short hairpin RNAs) for HSP110 (shHSP110). For HSP110 and yes-associated protein (YAP) overexpression, HPASMCs were infected with adenovirus vector carring the cDNA of HSP110 or YAP. The effects of HSP110 on PH development in mice and cell proliferation, migration and autophagy of PASMCs under hypoxia were assessed. Moreover, the regulatory mechanisms among HSP110, YAP and TEA domain transcription factor 4 (TEAD4) were investigated.
Results
We demonstrated that expression of HSP110 was significantly increased in the pulmonary arteries of mice and HPASMCs under hypoxia. Moreover, knockdown of HSP110 alleviated hypoxia-induced right ventricle systolic pressure, vascular wall thickening, right ventricular hypertrophy, autophagy and proliferation of PASMCs in mice. In addition, knockdown of HSP110 inhibited the increases of proliferation, migration and autophagy of HPASMCs that induced by hypoxia in vitro. Mechanistically, HSP110 knockdown inhibited YAP and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) activity and TEAD4 nuclear expression under hypoxia. However, overexpression of HSP110 exhibited the opposite results in HPASMCs. Additionally, overexpression of YAP partially restored the effects of shHSP110 on HPASMCs. The interaction of HSP110 and YAP was verified. Moreover, TEAD4 could promote the transcriptional activity of HSP110 by binding to the HSP110 promoter under hypoxia.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that HSP110 might contribute to the development of PH by regulating the proliferation, migration and autophagy of PASMCs through YAP/TAZ-TEAD4 pathway, which may help to understand deeper the pathogenic mechanism in PH development.
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Xu SB, Xu B, Ma ZH, Huang MQ, Gao ZS, Ni JL. Peptide 17 alleviates early hypertensive renal injury by regulating the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway. Nephrology (Carlton) 2022; 27:712-723. [PMID: 35608936 PMCID: PMC9544900 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim Hypertensive nephropathy is embodied by kidney tissue fibrosis and glomerular sclerosis, as well as renal inflammation. The Hippo/YAP (yes‐associated protein, YAP) axis has been reported to promote inflammation and fibrosis and may participate in the pathogenesis of heart, vascular and renal injuries. However, the role of the Hippo/YAP pathway in hypertensive renal injury has not been reported so far. We explored the role of the Hippo/YAP signalling pathway in hypertensive renal injury and the effect of peptide 17 on its effects. Methods Histopathological analyses were performed based on the Masson and Haematoxylin/eosin (HE) staining approaches. Biochemical indexes were determined and immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to detect protein expression levels. The mRNA expression levels were determined by qRT‐PCR. Results Our results showed that peptide 17 reduced the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and urine protein/creatinine ratio in hypertensive rats. In addition, peptide 17 reduced the histopathological damage of kidneys in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Moreover, peptide 17 downregulated genes in the Hippo/Yap pathway in kidney tissue of SHRs and Ang II‐treated kidney cells. The expression levels of inflammatory factors TNF‐α, IL‐1β and MCP‐1 and the pro‐fibrotic factors TGF‐β1, fibronectin, and CTGF were increased in the kidney of hypertensive rats, but reversed by peptide 17 treatment. Silencing of YAP had effect similar to that of peptide 17 in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion Peptide 17 alleviates early renal injury in hypertension by regulating the Hippo/YAP signalling pathway. These findings may be useful in the treatment of hypertensive renal injury. Herein, we explored the effect of peptide 17 on hypertensive renal injury and its mechanism of action. The results hinted that peptide 17 attenuated the deleterious inflammatory and fibrotic effects of hypertensive renal injury via downregulating the Hippo/YAP axis. These findings may be relevant for treating hypertensive nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Bin Xu
- Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Heng Ma
- Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Qin Huang
- Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Gao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai North Railway Station Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Li Ni
- Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jiao P, Zhang M, Wang Z, Liang G, Xie X, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Jiang Q, Loor JJ. Circ003429 Regulates Unsaturated Fatty Acid Synthesis in the Dairy Goat Mammary Gland by Interacting with miR-199a-3p, Targeting the YAP1 Gene. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074068. [PMID: 35409428 PMCID: PMC8999533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid composition is a key factor affecting the flavor and quality of goat milk. CircRNAs are now recognized as important regulators of transcription, and they play an important role in the control of fatty acid synthesis. Thus, understanding the regulatory mechanisms controlling this process in ruminant mammary glands is of great significance. In the present study, mammary tissue from dairy goats during early lactation and the dry period (nonlactating) were collected and used for high-throughput sequencing. Compared to levels during the dry period, the expression level of circ003429 during early lactation was lower (12.68-fold downregulated). In isolated goat mammary epithelial cells, circ003429 inhibited the synthesis of triglycerides (TAG) and decreased the content of unsaturated fatty acids (C16:1, C18:1, and C18:2), indicating that this circRNA plays an important role in regulating lipid synthesis. A binding site for miR-199a-3p in the circ003429 sequence was detected, and a dual-luciferase reporter system revealed that circ003429 targets miR-199a-3p. Overexpression of circ003429 (pcDNA-circ003429) downregulated the abundance of miR-199a-3p. In contrast, overexpression of miR-199a-3p increased TAG content and decreased mRNA abundance of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) (a target gene of miR-199a-3p), and TAG content was decreased and mRNA abundance was increased in response to overexpression of circ003429. These results indicate that circ003429 alleviates the inhibitory effect of miR-199a-3p on the mRNA abundance of YAP1 by binding miR-199a-3p, resulting in subsequent regulation of the synthesis of TAG and unsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Meimei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ziwei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Gege Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaolai Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yonggen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Juan J. Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (J.J.L.)
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Zeng S, Cui J, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Meng J, Du J. MicroRNA-15b-5p inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix production of airway smooth muscle cells via targeting yes-associated protein 1. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5396-5406. [PMID: 35172671 PMCID: PMC8974076 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2036890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The excessive proliferation and the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells facilitates airway remodeling in asthma. This study explores how microRNA-15b-5p (miR-15b-5p) functions in modulating the proliferation, migration, inflammatory response, and ECM deposition of ASM cells. MiR-15b-5p and yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) mRNA expression levels in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-induced ASM cells were, respectively, examined by real-time quantitative polymerase-chain reaction. Besides, the proliferative ability and migrative potential of ASM cells were examined by cell counting kit-8 assay, 5-bromo-2 ‘-deoxyuridine assay, and transwell assays, respectively. Interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 levels in ASM cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. YAP1, collagen I, and collagen III expressions in ASM cells were detected by Western blot. With dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, the relations between miR-15b-5p and YAP1 3ʹUTR in ASM cells was examined. MiR-15b-5p expression level was reduced in ASM cells treated with TNF-α. MiR-15b-5p repressed TNF-α-initiated growth and migration of ASM cells and also suppressed IL-6 and IL-8 secretion, and inhibited collagen I and collagen III expressions in ASM cells. Furthermore, it was validated that YAP1 was a downstream target of miR-15b-5p in ASM cells. Notably, YAP1 overexpression attenuated the inhibitory effects of miR-15b-5p up-regulation on the proliferation, migration, and inflammatory response, as well as ECM deposition of TNF-α-induced ASM cells. In conclusion, miR-15b-5p/YAP1 axis modulates the growth, migration, inflammatory response, and ECM deposition of ASM cells, thus participating in the pathogenesis of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolin Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Juan Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Xiangzhou District People's Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei Province, 441100, China
| | - Yunting Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhishui Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Junying Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Joseph C, Tatler AL. Pathobiology of Airway Remodeling in Asthma: The Emerging Role of Integrins. J Asthma Allergy 2022; 15:595-610. [PMID: 35592385 PMCID: PMC9112045 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s267222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a complex clinical feature of asthma that involves long-term disruption and modification of airway architecture, which contributes significantly to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and lung function decline. It is characterized by thickening of the airway smooth muscle layer, deposition of a matrix below the airway epithelium, resulting in subepithelial fibrosis, changes within the airway epithelium, leading to disruption of the barrier, and excessive mucous production and angiogenesis within the airway wall. Airway remodeling contributes to stiffer and less compliant airways in asthma and leads to persistent, irreversible airflow obstruction. Current asthma treatments aim to reduce airway inflammation and exacerbations but none are targeted towards airway remodeling. Inhibiting the development of airway remodeling or reversing established remodeling has the potential to dramatically improve symptoms and disease burden in asthmatic patients. Integrins are a family of transmembrane heterodimeric proteins that serve as the primary receptors for extracellular matrix (ECM) components, mediating cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions to initiate intracellular signaling cascades. Cells present within the lungs, including structural and inflammatory cells, express a wide and varying range of integrin heterodimer combinations and permutations. Integrins are emerging as an important regulator of inflammation, repair, remodeling, and fibrosis in the lung, particularly in chronic lung diseases such as asthma. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of the current state of knowledge on integrins in the asthmatic airway and how these integrins promote the remodeling process, and emphasize their potential involvement in airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Joseph
- Centre for Respiratory Research, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amanda L Tatler
- Centre for Respiratory Research, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Xiao H, Zhang QN, Sun QX, Li LD, Xu SY, Li CQ. Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals a Link Between Hippo Signaling Pathway and Macrophages in Lungs of Mice with OVA-Induced Allergic Asthma. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:423-437. [PMID: 35082511 PMCID: PMC8784274 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s346505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xiao
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian-nan Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-xiang Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lao-dong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-yue Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao-qian Li
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Chao-qian Li, Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13807887867, Fax +86 771-5350031, Email
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Fang P, Deng WJ, Fan N, Shi J, Shi HY, Ou L, Pan JL, Yang SY. AMOTL2 restrains transforming growth factor-β1-induced proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition of airway smooth muscle cells via the down-regulation of YAP1 activation. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:2225-2235. [PMID: 34323359 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Angiomotin-like 2 (AMOTL2) is a key modulator of signaling transduction and participates in the regulation of various cellular progresses under diverse physiological and pathological conditions. However, whether AMOTL2 participates in asthma pathogenesis has not been fully studied. In the present work, we studied the possible role and mechanism of AMOTL2 in regulating transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Our results showed marked reductions in the abundance of AMOTL2 in TGF-β1-stimulated ASM cells. Cellular functional investigations confirmed that the up-regulation of AMOTL2 dramatically decreased the proliferation and ECM deposition induced by TGF-β1 in ASM cells. In contrast, the depletion of AMOTL2 exacerbated TGF-β1-induced ASM cell proliferation and ECM deposition. Further research revealed that the overexpression of AMOTL2 restrained the activation of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) in TGF-β1-stimulated ASM cells. Moreover, the reactivation of YAP1 markedly reversed AMOTL2-mediated suppression of TGF-β1-induced ASM cell proliferation and ECM deposition. Together, these findings suggest that AMOTL2 restrains TGF-β1-induced proliferation and ECM deposition of ASM cells by down-regulating YAP1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Wen-Jing Deng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Na Fan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Hong-Yang Shi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Ling Ou
- Special Hospital Ward, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Li Pan
- Respiratory Department, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuan-Ying Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
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Abstract
Biomarkers may be diagnostic of asthma, they may predict or reflect response to therapy or they may identify patients at risk of asthma exacerbation. A biomarker is most often measured in biologic fluids that are sampled using relatively non-invasive sampling techniques such as blood, sputum, urine or exhaled breath. Biomarkers should be stable, readily quantifiable and their measurement should be reproducible and not confounded by other host factors, or the presence of comorbidities. However, asthma comprises multiple molecular endotypes and single, sensitive, specific, biomarkers reflecting these endotypes may not exist. Combining biomarkers may improve their predictive capability in asthma. The most well-established endotypes are those described as Type2 and non-Type2 asthma. Clinical trials established the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and blood eosinophil counts as key biomarkers of response to corticosteroid or targeted anti-inflammatory therapy in Type2 asthma. However, these biomarkers may have limited value in the management of asthma in real-life settings or routine clinical practise. Biomarkers for Type2 asthma are not well described or validated and more research is needed. Breathomics has provided evidence to propose a number of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as surrogate biomarkers for airway inflammatory phenotypes, disease activity and adherence to therapy. Analysis of urinary eicosanoids has identified eicosanoids related to Type2 and non-Type2 inflammation. Future clinical trials will be important in determining how exhaled VOCs or urinary eicosanoid profiles can be used to direct precision treatments. Their future clinical use will also depend on developing simplified instrumentation for biomarker analysis at the point-of-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Shute
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK -
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11
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Zhou J, Zhang N, Zhang W, Lu C, Xu F. The YAP/HIF-1α/miR-182/EGR2 axis is implicated in asthma severity through the control of Th17 cell differentiation. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:84. [PMID: 33980319 PMCID: PMC8117288 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00560-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease of the airway, involving reversible airflow limitation and airway remodeling. T helper 17 (Th17) cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. However, there is limited understanding of the signaling pathways controlling Th17 cell differentiation in asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate if the Yes-associated protein (YAP)/hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/microRNA-182 (miR-182)/early growth response 2 (EGR2) axis is involved in mediating Th17 cell differentiation and disease severity in asthma. METHODS The study included 29 pediatric patients with asthma, 22 healthy volunteers, ovalbumin-induced murine asthma models, and mouse naive CD4+ T cells. The subpopulation of Th17 cells was examined by flow cytometry. The levels of interleukin-17A were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were performed to examine interactions between HIF-1α and miR-182, and between miR-182 and EGR2. RESULTS YAP, HIF-1α, and miR-182 were upregulated but EGR2 was downregulated in human and mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the asthma group. Abundant expression of YAP and HIF-1α promoted miR-182 expression and then inhibited EGR2, a target of miR-182, thus enhancing Th17 differentiation and deteriorating asthma and lipid metabolism dysfunction. In addition, in vivo overexpression of EGR2 countered the promoting effect of the YAP/HIF-1α/miR-182 axis on asthma and lipid metabolism dysfunction. CONCLUSION These results indicate that activation of the YAP/HIF-1α/miR-182/EGR2 axis may promote Th17 cell differentiation, exacerbate asthma development, and aggravate lipid metabolism dysfunction, thus suggesting a potential therapeutic target for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiju Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Won SY, Kwon S, Jeong HS, Chung KW, Choi B, Chang JW, Lee JE. Fibulin 5, a human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells-secreted paracrine factor, attenuates peripheral nervous system myelination defects through the Integrin-RAC1 signaling axis. Stem Cells 2020; 38:1578-1593. [PMID: 33107705 PMCID: PMC7756588 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), proper development of Schwann cells (SCs) contributing to axonal myelination is critical for neuronal function. Impairments of SCs or neuronal axons give rise to several myelin-related disorders, including dysmyelinating and demyelinating diseases. Pathological mechanisms, however, have been understood at the elementary level and targeted therapeutics has remained undeveloped. Here, we identify Fibulin 5 (FBLN5), an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, as a key paracrine factor of human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) to control the development of SCs. We show that co-culture with WJ-MSCs or treatment of recombinant FBLN5 promotes the proliferation of SCs through ERK activation, whereas FBLN5-depleted WJ-MSCs do not. We further reveal that during myelination of SCs, FBLN5 binds to Integrin and modulates actin remodeling, such as the formation of lamellipodia and filopodia, through RAC1 activity. Finally, we show that FBLN5 effectively restores the myelination defects of SCs in the zebrafish model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) type 1, a representative demyelinating disease. Overall, our data propose human WJ-MSCs or FBLN5 protein as a potential treatment for myelin-related diseases, including CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Won
- Department of Health Sciences and TechnologySamsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Soojin Kwon
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
- Stem Cell Institute, ENCell Co. LtdSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Hui Su Jeong
- Department of Health Sciences and TechnologySamsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Ki Wha Chung
- Department of Biological SciencesKongju National UniversityKongjuSouth Korea
| | - Byung‐Ok Choi
- Department of NeurologySungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jong Wook Chang
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
- Stem Cell Institute, ENCell Co. LtdSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and TechnologySamsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
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13
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Deng Z, Xie H, Cheng W, Zhang M, Liu J, Huo Y, Liao Y, Cheng Y. Dabigatran ameliorates airway smooth muscle remodeling in asthma by modulating Yes-associated protein. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8179-8193. [PMID: 32542982 PMCID: PMC7348141 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that thrombin, the major effector of the coagulation cascade, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Interestingly, dabigatran, a drug used in clinical anticoagulation, directly inhibits thrombin activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of dabigatran on airway smooth muscle remodeling in vivo and in vitro. Here, we found that dabigatran attenuated inflammatory pathology, mucus production, and collagen deposition in the lungs of asthmatic mice. Additionally, dabigatran suppressed Yes‐associated protein (YAP) activation in airway smooth muscle of asthmatic mice. In human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), dabigatran not only alleviated thrombin‐induced proliferation, migration and up‐regulation of collagen I, α‐SMA, CTGF and cyclin D1, but also inhibited thrombin‐induced YAP activation, while YAP activation mediated thrombin‐induced HASMCs remodeling. Mechanistically, thrombin promoted actin stress fibre polymerization through the PAR1/RhoA/ROCK/MLC2 axis to activate YAP and then interacted with SMAD2 in the nucleus to induce downstream target genes, ultimately aggravating HASMCs remodeling. Our study provides experimental evidence that dabigatran ameliorates airway smooth muscle remodeling in asthma by inhibiting YAP signalling, and dabigatran may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenan Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haojun Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiying Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meihong Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yating Huo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxiong Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Wei F, Hao Y. TRIP6 accelerates the proliferation and migration of fetal airway smooth muscle cells by enhancing YAP activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 82:106366. [PMID: 32151960 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The thyroid receptor interactor protein 6 (TRIP6) has emerged as a key regulator for the proliferation and migration of various cells. However, whether TRIP6 is involved in regulating the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells in the progression of pediatric asthma remains undetermined. The present study investigated the function of TRIP6 in regulating the proliferation and migration of fetal ASM cells induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in vitro. The results revealed that TRIP6 expression was significantly upregulated in TNF-α-stimulated ASM cells. Loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that the knockdown of TRIP6 markedly suppressed TNF-α-proliferation and migration of ASM cells. By contrast, overexpression of TRIP6 had the opposite effect. In-depth research uncovered that TNF-α stimulation promoted the activation of yes-associated protein (YAP), which could be significantly reversed by TRIP6 silencing. Moreover, inactivation of YAP significantly reversed the promotion effect of TRIP6 overexpression on TNF-α-induced ASM cell proliferation and migration. Overall, these results reveal that upregulation of TRIP6 contributes to the proliferation and migration of fetal ASM cells by enhancing YAP activation, highlighting the importance of the TRIP6/YAP axis in the airway remodeling of pediatric asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an High-Tech Hospital, 16 Unity South Road, Xi'an 710075, China
| | - Yanqing Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Daxing Hospital, 353 North Road of Municipal Labor, Xi'an 710016, China.
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15
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Mammoto T, Torisawa YS, Muyleart M, Hendee K, Anugwom C, Gutterman D, Mammoto A. Effects of age-dependent changes in cell size on endothelial cell proliferation and senescence through YAP1. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7051-7069. [PMID: 31487690 PMCID: PMC6756888 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis - the growth of new blood capillaries- is impaired in aging animals. Biophysical factors such as changes in cell size control endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and differentiation. However, the effects of aging on EC size and the mechanism by which changes in cell size control age-dependent decline in EC proliferation are largely unknown. Here, we have demonstrated that aged ECs are larger than young ECs and that age-dependent increases in EC size control EC proliferation and senescence through CDC42-Yes-associated protein (YAP1) signaling. Reduction of aged EC size by culturing on single-cell sized fibronectin-coated smaller islands decreases CDC42 activity, stimulates YAP1 nuclear translocation and attenuates EC senescence. Stimulation of YAP1 or inhibition of CDC42 activity in aged ECs also restores blood vessel formation. Age-dependent changes in EC size and/or CDC42 and YAP1 activity may be the key control point of age-related decline in angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadanori Mammoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Yu-Suke Torisawa
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
- Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
| | - Megan Muyleart
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Kathryn Hendee
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Charles Anugwom
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - David Gutterman
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Akiko Mammoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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16
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Hu X, Jiang W, Wang Z, Li L, Hu Z. NOX1 Negatively Modulates Fibulin-5 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells to Affect Aortic Dissection. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:1464-1470. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Wanli Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Luocheng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Zhipeng Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
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17
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YAP1/Twist promotes fibroblast activation and lung fibrosis that conferred by miR-15a loss in IPF. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:1832-1844. [PMID: 30644438 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrotic parenchymal lung disease of unknown etiology and lack effective interventions. Using a combination of in vitro and in vivo studies, we found that overexpression of YAP1, a key effector in the Hippo pathway, promoted cell proliferation, migration, and collagen production in lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, the pro-fibrotic action of YAP1 was mediated by transcriptional activation of Twist1 through interacting with its partner TEAD. In contrast, knockdown of YAP1 inhibited extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, which ultimately ameliorated lung fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we constructed a dysregulated miRNA regulatory network that affects the expression of the Hippo pathway effectors in IPF and identified miR-15a, which is significantly down-regulated in IPF patients, as one of the most essential miRNAs regulating this pathway. Moreover, knockdown of miR-15a resulted in fibroblast activation and lung fibrosis through promoting Twist expression by targeting inhibition of YAP1. In contrast, therapeutic restoration of miR-15a inhibits fibrogenesis in lung fibroblast and abrogated BLM-induced lung fibrosis in mice. These results highlight a role for miR-15a/YAP1/Twist axis in IPF that offer novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of lung fibrosis.
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18
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Xie H, Wu L, Deng Z, Huo Y, Cheng Y. Emerging roles of YAP/TAZ in lung physiology and diseases. Life Sci 2018; 214:176-183. [PMID: 30385178 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The YAP and TAZ, as the downstream effectors of Hippo pathway, have emerged as important translational co-activators of a wide variety of biological processes. YAP/TAZ plays a crucial role in the lung development and physiology. Dysregulation of YAP/TAZ signaling pathway contributes to the development and progression of chronic lung diseases, including lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, COPD, asthma, and lung infection. Therefore, owing to its critical functions, delineation of the signaling mechanisms of YAP/TAZ in pathological conditions will shed light on developing strategies for its therapeutic targeting. Currently, the complex regulation of this pathway is under extensive investigation. In this review, we summarize and present recent findings of molecular mechanisms of YAP/TAZ in the lung physiological and pathological conditions, as well as the implications of YAP/TAZ for lung diseases treatment and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojun Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liquan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenan Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yating Huo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxiong Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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19
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Warren JSA, Xiao Y, Lamar JM. YAP/TAZ Activation as a Target for Treating Metastatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040115. [PMID: 29642615 PMCID: PMC5923370 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and Transcriptional Co-activator with PDZ-binding Motif (TAZ) have both emerged as important drivers of cancer progression and metastasis. YAP and TAZ are often upregulated or nuclear localized in aggressive human cancers. There is abundant experimental evidence demonstrating that YAP or TAZ activation promotes cancer formation, tumor progression, and metastasis. In this review we summarize the evidence linking YAP/TAZ activation to metastasis, and discuss the roles of YAP and TAZ during each step of the metastatic cascade. Collectively, this evidence strongly suggests that inappropriate YAP or TAZ activity plays a causal role in cancer, and that targeting aberrant YAP/TAZ activation is a promising strategy for the treatment of metastatic disease. To this end, we also discuss several potential strategies for inhibiting YAP/TAZ activation in cancer and the challenges each strategy poses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine S A Warren
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
| | - Yuxuan Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
| | - John M Lamar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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20
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Abstract
Alternative splicing is a well-studied gene regulatory mechanism that produces biological diversity by allowing the production of multiple protein isoforms from a single gene. An involvement of alternative splicing in the key biological signalling Hippo pathway is emerging and offers new therapeutic avenues. This review discusses examples of alternative splicing in the Hippo pathway, how deregulation of these processes may contribute to disease and whether these processes offer new potential therapeutic targets.
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