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Abstract
Post-surgical adhesions are a major complication leading to organ dysfunctions, pain, intestinal obstruction, and infertility. The incidence of post-surgical adhesion is really high. The factors involved in the pathogenesis of post-surgical fibrosis, are largely unknown, for example why two patients with similar abdominal operation have a different risks of adhesion severity? High secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, includes tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL6), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) by persistent recruitment of immune cells and the inappropriate proliferated fibroblast/mesothelial cells can stimulate signalling pathways particularly TGF-β leads to the up-regulation of some pro-fibrotic genes that impair fibrinolytic activity and promote extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. In this review, we focus on the role of diabetes and hyperglycaemia on post-surgical fibrosis, including the molecular mechanisms affected by hyperglycaemia that cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and increase the expression of pro-fibrotic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Hassan Arjmand
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Qi X, Zhang M, Sun M, Luo D, Guan Q, Yu C. Restoring Impaired Fertility Through Diet: Observations of Switching From High-Fat Diet During Puberty to Normal Diet in Adulthood Among Obese Male Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:839034. [PMID: 35518932 PMCID: PMC9063411 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.839034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with a decrease in testicular function, yet the effects and mechanisms relative to different stages of sexual development remain unclear. The aim of this study is to determine whether high-fat diet-induced obesity impairs male fertility during puberty and in adulthood, and to ascertain its underlying mechanisms. This study aims to further reveal whether restoring to a normal diet can improve impaired fertility. METHODS Male mice were divided into 6 groups: the group N and H exposed to a normal diet or high-fat diet during puberty. The group NN or NH were further maintained a normal diet or exposed to high-fat diet in adulthood, the group HH or HN were further maintained high-fat diet or switched to normal diet in adulthood. Metabolic parameters, fertility parameters, testicular function parameters, TUNEL staining and testicular function-related proteins were evaluated, respectively. RESULTS The fertility of the mice in the high-fat diet group was impaired, which validated by declines in pregnancy rates and litter weight loss. Further analysis demonstrated the increased level of oxidative stress, the increased number of spermatogenic cell apoptosis and decreased number of sperm and decreased acrosome integrity. The expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) and spermatogenesis related proteins (WT-1) decreased. Fertility among the HN group recovered, accompanied by the recovery of metabolism, fertility and testicular function parameters, StAR and WT-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that high-fat diet-induced obesity impairs male fertility during puberty and in adulthood. The loss of acrosome integrity, the increase of oxidative stress, the increase of cells apoptosis and the down-regulation of StAR and WT-1 may be the underlying mechanisms. Switching from high-fat diets during puberty to normal diets in adulthood can improve male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Qi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Meijie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Jing’an District Center Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingqi Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- General Practice, Jinan Forth People’s Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Dandan Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Qingbo Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Chunxiao Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Chunxiao Yu,
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Shen J, Song JB, Fan J, Zhang Z, Yi ZJ, Bai S, Mu XL, Yang YB, Xiao L. Distribution and Dynamic Changes in Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and Collagen in an In Stent Restenosis Process. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2021; 61:648-655. [PMID: 33441270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2020.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to observe the spatial distribution and dynamic changes of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and collagen in in stent restenosis (ISR) and to explore their influence on ISR. METHODS Sixty Z type stents were implanted into the common iliac arteries of minipigs, which were divided into 10 groups (six in each group) according to euthanasia time (6 hours, and 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, 84, 168, and 336 days). After the samples were harvested, haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting, and Picrosirius red staining were performed for all groups. RESULTS ISR occurred in all six minipigs in the 56 day group (percentage diameter stenosis range 71.6%-79.2%, mean ± standard deviation 75.6% ± 2.5%). The percentage diameter stenosis decreased to 38.3% ± 2.7% at 336 days (p < .001). Immunohistochemical staining showed that MMP-2 and MMP-9 were strongly stained near the internal elastic lamina or in the damaged parts of the intima, around the struts and neointimal lumen surface in the ISR process. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 at 56 days was significantly lower compared with their peaks (seven days and one day [p < .001; p = .002], respectively). At 56 days, the collagen content reached its maximum (mean integrated optical density range 0.73-0.92, mean ± standard deviation 0.82 ± 0.09). From the 14 day group to the 336 day group, mature collagen in neointima was correlated negatively with MMP-2 (γ(36) = -0.816; p < .001) and MMP-9 expression (γ(36) = -0.853; p < .001). During the neointimal regression period, new collagen in neointima was positively correlated with MMP-2 (γ(24) = 0.683; p < .001) and MMP-9 (γ(24) = 0.873; p < .001). CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated the spatial distribution of and dynamic changes in MMP-2, MMP-9, and collagen in ISR by simulating the process of neointima from generation to regression after stent implantation. When ISR occurred, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression decreased and collagen content reached its maximum, which might contribute to ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shen
- Department of Intervention, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Intervention, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jian-Bo Song
- Department of Intervention, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Intervention, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Intervention Radiology, Sixth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Jia Yi
- Department of Intervention, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Bai
- Department of Intervention, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Radiology, Shenyang the Fourth Hospital of People, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Mu
- Department of Intervention, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Radiology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yao-Bo Yang
- Department of Intervention, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Department of Intervention, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Luo W, Yu Y, Wang H, Liu K, Wang Y, Huang M, Xuan C, Li Y, Qi J. Up-regulation of MMP-2 by histone H3K9 β-hydroxybutyrylation to antagonize glomerulosclerosis in diabetic rat. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:1501-1509. [PMID: 32772200 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Besides energy supply, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) acts as a bioactive molecule to play multiple protective roles, even in diabetes and its complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the antagonizing effects of BHB against diabetic glomerulosclerosis and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes and then treated with different concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate. After 10 weeks, body weight, blood glucose, serum creatinine and 24-h urine protein were examined. Glomerular morphological changes and the contents of collagen type IV (COL IV) were evaluated. Then, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad3 contents and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) generation were detected. Moreover, the total contents of trans-activating histone H3K9 β-hydroxybutyrylation (H3K9bhb) and the contents of H3K9bhb in the Mmp-2 promoter were measured. RESULTS It was firstly confirmed that BHB treatments reduced renal biochemical indicators and attenuated glomerular morphological changes of the diabetic rats, with COL IV content decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Then, BHB treatments were found to up-regulate renal MMP-2 generation of the diabetic rats significantly, while not affecting the increased TGF-β/Smad3 contents. Furthermore, the contents of H3K9bhb in the Mmp-2 promoter were elevated significantly for the middle and high concentrations of BHB treatments, up-regulating MMP-2 generation. CONCLUSION BHB treatments could up-regulate MMP-2 generation via causing elevated H3K9bhb in its promoter to antagonize glomerulosclerosis in the diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Luo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijin Yu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Minling Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhao Xuan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanning Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinsheng Qi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Biochemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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Feng J, He Y, Shen Y, Zhang G, Ma S, Zhao X, Zhang Y. Protective effects of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the testis of mice before adulthood. Theriogenology 2020; 148:112-121. [PMID: 32171970 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress disrupts the intracellular redox balance that modulate many signaling pathways, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Keap1 signaling. However, the antioxidant roles of Nrf2 in the testis before adulthood have not been reported. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the Nrf2 antioxidant system on protection of testicular cells against oxidative stress at different stages of development in the testis of mice before adulthood. Male mice (1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks old) were used, and their relative testes weights were calculated. Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were detected to evaluate the antioxidant capacity in the testes. Additionally, Nrf2 signaling pathway and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway proteins were evaluated by western blotting, and the localizations of Nrf2, protein gene product (PGP) 9.5, and activated-caspase 3 in testicular cells were examined using immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the activities of caspase-8 and caspase-3 and the number of activated-caspase 3-positive testicular cells per tubule were increased after 1 week of age. Moreover, MDA contents were increased and SOD activity was decreased with age in mouse testes before adulthood. The expression of PGP9.5 was increased, as well as the number of positive testicular cells per tubule. In addition, Nrf2 translocation to the nuclei of testicular cells also increased, accompanied by activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. Moreover, nuclear factor-κB was inhibited, and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was activated in mouse testes before adulthood. Overall, our findings demonstrated that oxidative stress increased with age in mouse testes before adulthood and that oxidative stress could induce apoptosis in testicular cells. However, testicular cells are still in a rapid proliferative state owing to the antioxidant protection of Nrf2. Thus, our study provided new insights into oxidative stress-mediated impairment of spermatogenesis with age in mouse testes before adulthood and evidence for the protective role of Nrf2 in male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yuxuan He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yulong Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Guanglin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Shaotao Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
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