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Abdel-Reheim MA, Ali GF, Hassanein EHM, Mohamed WR. Role of Nrf2/HO-1, PPAR-γ, and cytoglobin signals in the pathogenesis of methotrexate-induced testicular intoxication in rats and the protective effect of diacerein. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4235-4246. [PMID: 38060042 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02876-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is an inhibitor of folic acid reductase used in managing a variety of malignancies. Testicular injury by MTX is one of its serious adverse effects. The current investigation aims to assess the protective effects of diacerein (DIA) on testicular injury by MTX and clarify the possible underlying mechanisms. Testicular injury in rats was induced by a single injection of 20 mg/kg body weight of MTX. DIA was given in 25 mg/kg body weight/day and 50 mg/kg body weight/day doses for 10 days. Compared to the MTX group, DIA attenuated testicular intoxication as evidenced by improvement of testicular histopathological abnormalities and increased serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone. DIA attenuated testicular oxidative stress changes by lowering testicular MDA and boosting GSH content and SOD activity. Moreover, administration of DIA attenuated MTX-induced testicular inflammation, as proved by decreased TNF-α and IL-6. At the molecular level, DIA induced significant upregulation in Nrf2, HO-1, PPAR-γ, and cytoglobin protein expression. The present results proved that DIA, in a dose-dependent manner, exhibited notable amelioration of testicular toxicity induced by MTX through augmentation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects combined by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1, PPAR-γ, and cytoglobin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, 11961, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Gaber F Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.
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Raina S, Hübner E, Samuel E, Nagel G, Fuchs H. DT-13 attenuates inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3-inflammasome related genes in RAW264.7 macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 708:149763. [PMID: 38503169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Plant derived saponins or other glycosides are widely used for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-viral properties in therapeutic medicine. In this study, we focus on understanding the function of the less known steroidal saponin from the roots of Liriope muscari L. H. Bailey - saponin C (also known as DT-13) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages in comparison to the well-known saponin ginsenoside Rk1 and anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone. We proved that DT-13 reduces LPS-induced inflammation by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production, interleukin-6 (IL-6) release, cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene expression, and nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) translocation into the nucleus. It also inhibits the inflammasome component NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) regulating the inflammasome activation. This was supported by the significant inhibition of caspase-1 and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) expression and release. This study demonstrates the anti-inflammatory effect of saponins on LPS-stimulated macrophages. For the first time, an in vitro study shows the attenuating effect of DT-13 on NLRP3-inflammasome activation. In comparison to the existing anti-inflammatory drug, dexamethasone, and triterpenoid saponin Rk1, DT-13 more efficiently inhibits inflammation in the applied cell culture model. Therefore, DT-13 may serve as a lead compound for the development of new more effective anti-inflammatory drugs with minimised side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Raina
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emely Hübner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353, Berlin, Germany; Hochschule Bonn-Rhein Sieg, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany; HAN University of Applied Sciences, Groenewoudseweg, 6524, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Esther Samuel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gregor Nagel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hendrik Fuchs
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Xie G, Tong F, Xu M, Shu Y, Li Z. DT-13 inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic cancer by inducing apoptosis via AMPK-mTOR signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 695:149451. [PMID: 38176173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE DT-13, the principal active component of Mysidium shortscapes from the Liliaceae family, has garnered substantial interest in cancer therapy owing to its potential anticancer properties. This study investigated the effects of DT-13 on the proliferation and apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer cell lines and aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS PANC1 and CFPAC1 cells were exposed to DT-13 and their proliferation was assessed using RTCA and clone formation assays. Apoptotic protein expression was analyzed by western blotting, and apoptotic cells were identified by flow cytometry. RNA was extracted from DT-13 treated and untreated PANC1 cells for RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes were identified and subjected to GO bioprocess, KEGG pathway analysis, and western blotting. Finally, to evaluate tumor growth, CFPAC1 cells were subcutaneously injected into BALB/c nude mice. RESULTS DT-13 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of PANC1 and CFPAC1 cells by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and suppressing p70 S6K. Moreover, DT-13 hindered the growth of CFPAC1 xenograft tumors in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS DT-13 effectively inhibited the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangyin Xie
- Department of Breast, Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, Chongqing University FuLing Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fuyun Tong
- Department of Breast, Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, Chongqing University FuLing Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meiling Xu
- Department of Breast, Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, Chongqing University FuLing Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Shu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing University FuLing Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ziwei Li
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing University FuLing Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Passos FRS, Araújo-Filho HG, Monteiro BS, Shanmugam S, Araújo AADS, Almeida JRGDS, Thangaraj P, Júnior LJQ, Quintans JDSS. Anti-inflammatory and modulatory effects of steroidal saponins and sapogenins on cytokines: A review of pre-clinical research. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153842. [PMID: 34952766 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saponins are glycosides which, after acid hydrolysis, liberate sugar(s) and an aglycone (sapogenin) which can be triterpenoid or steroidal in nature. Steroidal saponins and sapogenins have attracted significant attention as important natural anti-inflammatory compounds capable of acting on the activity of several inflammatory cytokines in various inflammatory models. PURPOSE The aim of this review is to collect preclinical in vivo studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of steroidal saponins through the modulation of inflammatory cytokines. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This review was carried out through a specialized search in three databases, that were accessed between September and October, 2021, and the publication period of the articles was not limited. Information about the name of the steroidal saponins, the animals used, the dose and route of administration, the model of pain or inflammation used, the tissue and experimental method used in the measurement of the cytokines, and the results observed on the levels of cytokines was retrieved. RESULTS Forty-five (45) articles met the inclusion criteria, involving the saponins cantalasaponin-1, α-chaconine, dioscin, DT-13, lycoperoside H, protodioscin, α-solanine, timosaponin AIII and BII, trillin, and the sapogenins diosgenin, hecogenin, and ruscogenin. The surveys were carried out in seven different countries and only articles between 2007 and 2021 were found. The studies included in the review showed that the saponins and sapogenins were anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antioxidant and they modulate inflammatory cytokines mainly through the Nf-κB, TLR4 and MAPKs pathways. CONCLUSION Steroidal saponins and sapogenins are promising compounds in handling of pain and inflammation for the development of natural product-derived drugs. However, it is necessary to increase the methodological quality of preclinical studies, mainly blinding and sample size calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiolla Rocha Santos Passos
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Heitor Gomes Araújo-Filho
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Brenda Souza Monteiro
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Saravanan Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lucindo José Quintans Júnior
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Jullyana de Souza Siqueira Quintans
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil.
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Lei F, Weckerle CS, Heinrich M. Liriopogons (Genera Ophiopogon and Liriope, Asparagaceae): A Critical Review of the Phytochemical and Pharmacological Research. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:769929. [PMID: 34925027 PMCID: PMC8678496 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.769929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The closely related genera Liriope and Ophiopogon (Asparagaceae), collectively known in English as liriopogons, have similar therapeutic uses in treating cough, rheumatoid arthritis, and cleaning heat. The main aim of this review is to understand the current phytochemical and pharmacological knowledge including an assessment of the quality of the scientific evidence. A literature search was conducted in line with PRISMA guidelines, by retrieving available information up to 2020 from five online resources. The bioactive metabolites of liriopogons include steroidal saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, organic acids, phenols. Cardiovascular protective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, anti-viral, anti-acute myeloid leukemia and hepatoprotective effects have been at the center of attention. From a toxicological perspective Ophiopogon japonicus seems to be safe. Some problems with the quality of the pharmacological evidence stand out including the application of excessive dose level and methodological problems in the design. Additionally, a reasonable link between local/traditional uses and pharmacological assessment is often vague or not reflected in the text. Future researches on liriopogons are required to use rigorous scientific approaches in research on evidence-based natural products for the future benefits of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyi Lei
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline S Weckerle
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Research Group 'Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy', UCL School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Morsy MA, Abdel-Aziz AM, Abdel-Hafez SMN, Venugopala KN, Nair AB, Abdel-Gaber SA. The Possible Contribution of P-Glycoprotein in the Protective Effect of Paeonol against Methotrexate-Induced Testicular Injury in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090223. [PMID: 32872504 PMCID: PMC7558391 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol, a phenolic ingredient in the genus Paeonia, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent; however, its germ cell damage is a critical problem. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an efflux transporter, is a member of the blood–testis barrier. The present study evaluated the protective effect of paeonol on MTX-induced testicular injury in rats with the exploration of its mechanism and the possible contribution of P-gp in such protection. Testicular weight, serum testosterone, and testicular P-gp levels were measured. Testicular oxidant/antioxidant status was evaluated via determining the levels of malondialdehyde, total nitrite, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase activity. The inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and the apoptotic marker caspase 3 were estimated immunohistochemically. Testicular histopathology and spermatogenesis scores were also examined. MTX caused histopathologically evident testicular damage with decreased testicular weight, testosterone level, and spermatogenesis score, as well as significant increases in oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic responses. Paeonol significantly restored testicular weight, testosterone level, spermatogenesis score, and oxidant/antioxidant balance. Moreover, paeonol increased the testicular P-gp level and significantly decreased TNF-α and caspase 3 immunostaining. In conclusion, paeonol offered a protective effect against MTX-induced testicular injury through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects, as well as by increasing testicular P-gp level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-5496-72245
| | - Asmaa M. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
| | - Sara M. N. Abdel-Hafez
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
| | - Seham A. Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
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Zhou F, Mei J, Yang S, Han X, Li H, Yu Z, Qiao H, Tang T. Modified ZIF-8 Nanoparticles Attenuate Osteoarthritis by Reprogramming the Metabolic Pathway of Synovial Macrophages. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:2009-2022. [PMID: 31849213 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that activation of proinflammatory M1-type macrophages in the synovium plays a vital role in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Redundant nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are key factors that drive macrophages to polarize to the M1 type. Herein, modified zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized. By regulating intracellular gases and reprogramming the metabolism phenotype, modified NPs transformed macrophage polarization from proinflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Specifically, S-methylisothiourea hemisulfate salt was loaded into ZIF-8 NPs to inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase, hence reducing NO production. Catalase was encapsulated to catalyze the production of oxygen (O2) from H2O2. Results demonstrated that modified NPs were capable of catalyzing H2O2 to produce O2 and eliminate NO, hence inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, further rescuing mitochondrial function. Moreover, anti-CD16/32 antibody modification could prolong the retention time of NPs in knee joints of OA mice with anterior cruciate ligament transection. More significantly, modified NPs suppressed M1 macrophages and up-regulated M2 macrophage infiltration in the synovium, further inhibiting cartilage degeneration. This ZIF-8 NP-based gas regulation and metabolic reprogramming strategy may pave a new avenue for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Jingtian Mei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Shengbing Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Xiuguo Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Hanjun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Zhifeng Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Han Qiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , China
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Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Qi J, Li F, Kou J, Yu B. Ophiopogon Saponin C1 Inhibits Lung Tumors by Stabilizing Endothelium Permeability via Inhibition of PKCδ. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:396-407. [PMID: 32015677 PMCID: PMC6990896 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.34978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide, lung cancer is closely related to inflammation. The interaction between tumor cells and inflammatory cells promotes tumor development and metastasis. During tumor development, vascular endothelial cells form the most important barrier to prevent tumor cell migration to the blood and tissue. Increased vascular permeability provides favorable conditions for the migration of tumor cells, and endothelial tight junctions are an important component of the vascular barrier. Protein kinase C δ is involved in the occurrence of non-small cell lung cancer and regulates vascular permeability and tight junction protein expression. Src kinase was reported to play an important role in TNF-α-induced endothelial inflammation. Ophiopogon Saponin C1 is a new chemical compound isolated from Liriope muscari, but its pharmacological activities have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we tested the protective effects of C1 on endothelial permeability in a model of TNF-α-induced endothelial inflammation by transendothelial electrical resistance and sodium fluorescein assays and verified these results in a nude mouse model of experimental pulmonary adenocarcinoma metastasis. We further elucidated the mechanism of C1, which was based on the PKCδ and Src proteins, by Western blotting. C1 can inhibit lung cancer in vivo, regulate the level of plasma inflammation in tumor-bearing mice, and protect the pulmonary vascular barrier against injury induced by cancer. It was investigated the expression and distribution of the TJ index protein ZO-1 in mouse vascular endothelium and HUVECs and found that C1 could inhibit the degradation and breakage of the ZO-1 protein. Related signaling experiments confirmed that C1 can inhibit TNF-α and activation of PKCδ and Src kinase. This study laid the foundation for further analysis of new drugs with clear mechanisms and independent intellectual property rights of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Junping Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
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Dymkowska D, Drabarek B, Michalik A, Nowak N, Zabłocki K. TNFα stimulates NO release in EA.hy926 cells by activating the CaMKKβ-AMPK-eNOS pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 106:57-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Asghari A, Hosseini M, Beheshti F, Shafei MN, Mehri S. Inducible nitric oxide inhibitor aminoguanidine, ameliorated oxidative stress, interleukin-6 concentration and improved brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the brain tissues of neonates born from titanium dioxide nanoparticles exposed rats. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 32:3962-3973. [PMID: 29788817 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1480602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: An interaction between oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested to have a role neurotoxicity. The aim of current research was to investigate the effect of aminoguanidine (AG) as an inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), oxidative stress, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations in the brain tissues of neonates born from the rats exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) during gestation. Methods: The pregnant rats were grouped into three and received: (1) saline, (2) TiO2 (200 mg/kg, gavage), and (3) TiO2-AG [200 mg/kg intraperitoneal (IP)]. The treatment was started since the second gestation day up to the delivery time. The neonates born from the rats were deeply anesthetized, sacrificed, and the brains were collected for biochemical evaluations. Results: The neonates born from the rats exposed to TiO2 showed a lower BDNF (p < .001) but a higher IL-6 (p < .01) concentrations in their hippocampal tissue. TiO2 exposure also increased malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < .001) and NO metabolites (p < .001), while diminished thiol (p < .001), superoxide (SOD) (p < .001), and catalase (CAT) (p < .001) in all hippocampal, cortical, and cerebellar tissues. Administration of AG improved BDNF (p < .01) but attenuated IL-6 (p < .01) concentrations in the hippocampal tissue. AG also decreased MDA (p < .001) and NO metabolites (p < .01-p < .001), while increased thiol (p < .01-p < .001), SOD (p < .001), and CAT (p < .05-p < .001) in all cerebellar, hippocampal, cortical, and tissues. Conclusion: The results of the current research revealed that iNOS inhibitor AG, ameliorated oxidative stress, IL-6 concentration, and improved BDNF in the brain tissues of neonates born from TiO2 NPs exposed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Asghari
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Department of Basic Sciences and Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences , Torbat Heydariyeh , Iran
| | - Mohammad Naser Shafei
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
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Shou X, Zhou R, Zhu L, Ren A, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhou J, Liu X, Wang B. Emodin, A Chinese Herbal Medicine, Inhibits Reoxygenation-Induced Injury in Cultured Human Aortic Endothelial Cells by Regulating the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:643-651. [PMID: 29386501 PMCID: PMC5804301 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with vascular dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of emodin, a Chinese herbal medicine, in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and its effects on the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling pathway. Material/Methods An in vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation model used cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). A colorimetric method evaluated the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ). Phosphorylation of PPAR-γ and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were measured by Western blotting. Expression of inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting. Nitric oxide (NO) production was detected by diaminofluorescein-FM diacetate (DAF-FM DA) fluorescence. Immunoprecipitation was used to evaluate the molecular coupling of heat shock protein (HSP)90 and eNOS. Results Hypoxia-reoxygenation injury of HAECs reduced the activity and phosphorylation of PPAR-γ, and eNOS, NO production, and HSP90/eNOS molecular coupling in a time-dependent manner. Hypoxia-reoxygenation increased the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 in a time-dependent manner. Emodin treatment recovered PPAR-γ activity and phosphorylation, eNOS phosphorylation, and HSP90/eNOS coupling in HAECS in a concentration-dependent manner, which was reversed by the PPAR-γ inhibitor GW9662, and the eNOS inhibitor, L-NAME. The recovery of HSP90/eNOS coupling by emodin was impaired by GW9662 treatment. Conclusions An in vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation (ischemia-reperfusion injury) model of induction of endothelial cell inflammatory mediators showed that emodin recovered the PPAR-γ and eNOS pathway activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Shou
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Rongfang Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Liyue Zhu
- Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Aihua Ren
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jianmei Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xinwen Liu
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Bozhong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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