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Liu X, Hu X, Niu C, Yang Y, Huang Z, Xie J. Fibroblast growth factor 7 protects osteoblasts against oxidative damage through targeting mitochondria. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23524. [PMID: 38466191 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301650rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of osteoporosis is significantly influenced by the impaired functioning of osteoblasts, which is particularly caused by oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are still not well understood. The objective of this study was to elucidate the impact of fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) on the behavior of osteoblasts under conditions of oxidative stress. The osteoblast-like MC3T3 cells were pretreated with recombinant FGF7 in the presence of oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). We first provided the evidence that the endogenous FGF7 was significantly increased in osteoblasts in response to the increased H2 O2 levels. Recombined FGF7 demonstrated a remarkable capacity to resist the detrimental effects of H2 O2 -induced oxidative stress, including the increase in cell apoptosis, decrease in osteoblast viability, and impairment in osteogenic differentiation capacity, on osteoblasts. Furthermore, we extensively explored the mechanism underlying these protective effects and discovered a remarkable modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in H2 O2 -treated cells following the pronounced expression of FGF7, which significantly differed from the control group. Additionally, we observed that FGF7 exerted partial preservation on both the morphology and function of mitochondria when exposed to oxidative stress conditions. Furthermore, FGF7 exhibited the ability to enhance the activation of the p38/MAPK signaling pathway while concurrently suppressing the JNK/MAPK signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress. These results underscore the promising role and underlying mechanisms of FGF7 in preserving osteoblast homeostasis in the face of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuchen Hu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenguang Niu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueyi Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Lab of Bone and Joint Disease, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Jiao K, Su P, Li Y. FGFR2 modulates the Akt/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway to improve angiotensin II-induced hypertension-related endothelial dysfunction. Clin Exp Hypertens 2023; 45:2208777. [PMID: 37154169 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2208777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)2 expression was decreased in hypertension patients while its role in hypertension was not explored. This experiment aimed to investigate the expression ofFGFR2 in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the role of FGFR2 in improving AngII-induced hypertension-related endothelial dysfunction. METHODS AngII-induced HUVECs simulated the hypertension model in vitro. The expression of FGFR2 in Ang II-induced HUVECs and transfected HUVECswas detected by RT-qPCR and western blot. The viability, apoptosis, migration and tube formation ability of Ang II-induced HUVECs were analyzed by Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium (MTT) assay, flow cytometry analysis, wound healing assay and tube formation assay.Detectionof lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), caspase 3, Nitric Oxide (NO) and oxidative stress levels was conducted by assay kits and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by DCFH-DA assay. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins, protein kinase B(Akt)/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway-related proteins, phospho(p)-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and eNOS was determined by western blot. RESULTS The expression of FGFR2 was decreased in Ang II-induced HUVECs. FGFR2overexpression increased viability, suppressed apoptosis and oxidative stress, and improve endothelial dysfunction of AngII-induced HUVECs through activating the Akt/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. MK-2206 (Akt inhibitor) could weaken the effect of FGFR2overexpression to reduce viability, promote apoptosis and oxidative stress, and aggravate endothelial dysfunction of Ang II-inducedHUVECs. CONCLUSION Inconclusion, FGFR2activated the Akt/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway to improve AngII-induced hypertension-related endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jiao
- Division 1, Department of Cardiology, Ordos Central Hospital, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ping Su
- Division 1, Department of Cardiology, Ordos Central Hospital, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yongling Li
- Division 1, Department of Cardiology, Ordos Central Hospital, Inner Mongolia, China
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Fan JB, Yuan K, Zhu XH, Cui SY, Yi H, Zhang W. Neuroligin-3 activates Akt-dependent Nrf2 cascade to protect osteoblasts from oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:807-819. [PMID: 37774803 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress will cause significant injury to osteoblasts, serving as one major pathological mechanism of osteoporosis. Neuroligin-3 (NLGN3) is a postsynaptic cell adhesion protein and is expressed in the bone. We here explored its potential activity against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative injury in cultured osteoblasts. In primary murine and human osteoblasts, NLGN3 stimulation dose-dependently induced Akt, Erk1/2 and S6K activation. NLGN3 pretreatment ameliorated H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and death in osteoblasts. Moreover, H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative injury were alleviated with NLGN3 pretreatment in cultured osteoblasts. Further studies showed that NLGN3 activated Nrf2 signaling cascade and induced Nrf2 protein Serine-40 phosphorylation, Keap1-Nrf2 dissociation, Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation in osteoblasts. NLGN3 also increased antioxidant response element (ARE) activity and induced expression of Nrf2-ARE-dependent genes (HO1, GCLC and NQO1) in osteoblasts. Moreover NLGN3 mitigated osteoblast oxidative injury by dexamethasone or sodium fluoride (NaF). Nrf2 cascade activation is essential for NLGN3-induced cytoprotective activity in osteoblasts. Nrf2 shRNA or knockout (KO) abolished NLGN3-induced osteoblast cytoprotection against H2O2. Contrarily forced Nrf2 cascade activation by Keap1 KO mimicked NLGN3-induced anti-oxidative activity in murine osteoblasts. Importantly, NLGN3-induced Serine-40 phosphorylation and Nrf2 cascade activation were blocked by an Akt inhibitor MK-2206 or by Akt1 shRNA. Importantly, Akt inhibition, Akt1 silencing or Nrf2 S40T mutation largely inhibited NLGN3-induced osteoblast cytoprotection against H2O2. At last, we showed that NLGN3 mRNA and protein expression was significantly downregulated in necrotic bone tissues of dexamethasone-taken patients. Taken together, NLGN3 activated Akt-dependent Nrf2 cascade to protect osteoblasts from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bo Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Kun Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xin-Hui Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Sheng-Yu Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hong Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Xiaojie W, Banda J, Qi H, Chang AK, Bwalya C, Chao L, Li X. Scarless wound healing: Current insights from the perspectives of TGF-β, KGF-1, and KGF-2. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 66:26-37. [PMID: 35690568 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The process of wound healing involves a complex and vast interplay of growth factors and cytokines that coordinate the recruitment and interaction of various cell types. A series of events involving inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling eventually leads to the restoration of the damaged tissue. Abrogation in the regulation of these events has been shown to result in excessive scarring or non-healing wounds. While the process of wound healing is not fully elucidated, it has been documented that the early events of wound healing play a key role in the outcome of the wound. Furthermore, high levels of inflammation have been shown to lead to scarring. The regulation of these events may result in scarless wound healing, especially in adults. The inhibition of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and the administration of keratinocyte growth factors (KGF), KGF-1 and KGF-2, has in recent years yielded positive results in the acceleration of wound closure and reduced scarring. Here, we encapsulate recent knowledge on the roles of TGF-β, KGF1, and KGF2 in wound healing and scar formation and highlight the areas that need further investigation. We also discuss potential future directions for the use of growth factors in wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui Qi
- Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | | | | | - Lu Chao
- Wenzhou Medical University, China
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Wang YJ, Chang CC, Lu ME, Wu YH, Shen JW, Chiang HM, Lin BS. Photoaging and Sequential Function Reversal with Cellular-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in a Nude Mice Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137009. [PMID: 35806013 PMCID: PMC9266384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although nude mice are an ideal photoaging research model, skin biopsies result in inflammation and are rarely performed at baseline. Meanwhile, studies on antiphotoaging antioxidants or rejuvenation techniques often neglect the spontaneous reversal capacity. Full-field optical coherence tomography (FFOCT) can acquire cellular details noninvasively. This study aimed to establish a photoaging and sequential function reversal nude mice model assisted by an in vivo cellular resolution FFOCT system. We investigated whether a picosecond alexandrite laser (PAL) with a diffractive lens array (DLA) accelerated the reversal. In the sequential noninvasive assessment using FFOCT, a spectrophotometer, and DermaLab Combo®, the photodamage percentage recovery plot demonstrated the spontaneous recovery capacity of the affected skin by UVB-induced transepidermal water loss and UVA-induced epidermis thickening. A PAL with DLA not only accelerated skin barrier regeneration with epidermal polarity, but also increased dermal neocollagenesis, whereas the nonlasered group still had >60% collagen intensity loss and 40% erythema from photodamage. Our study demonstrated that FFOCT images accurately resemble the living tissue. The photoaging and sequential function reversal model provides a reference to assess the spontaneous recovery capacity of nude mice from photodamage. This model can be utilized to evaluate the sequential noninvasive photodamage and reversal effects after other interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Jen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (Y.-J.W.); (Y.-H.W.)
- Department of Cosmetic Applications and Management, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Cheng Chang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40433, Taiwan; (M.-E.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-M.C.)
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Tainan 71150, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404332, Taiwan
- Aesthetic Medical Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-04-22052121 (ext. 2020 or 2021) or +886-975365540; Fax: +886-04-22031270
| | - Meng-En Lu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40433, Taiwan; (M.-E.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Yu-Hung Wu
- Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (Y.-J.W.); (Y.-H.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Wei Shen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40433, Taiwan; (M.-E.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Hsiu-Mei Chiang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40433, Taiwan; (M.-E.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Bor-Shyh Lin
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Tainan 71150, Taiwan;
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Narla ST, Rice L, Ostrov D, Bushnell DS, Duara JL, Bates CM. Durability of and role of AKT in FGF7p urothelial protection against cyclophosphamide. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15358. [PMID: 35748317 PMCID: PMC9227700 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously identified a peptide derived from human fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7p) that blocks urothelial apoptosis similar to full-length FGF7, although effects of FGF7p on urothelial repair are unknown. Also, while urothelial AKT activation downstream of FGF7p correlated with the anti-apoptotic effects, we have not directly interrogated the role of AKT in mediating the cytoprotection. Our goal was to assess effects of FGF7p on urothelial repair and the role of AKT signaling in mediating the cytoprotective effects of FGF7p. We performed hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), TUNEL, and/or immunofluorescence (IF) staining for various markers in FGF7p-treated mice 28 days after giving cyclophosphamide or after co-administering a systemic AKT antagonist with FGF7p 24 h after cyclophosphamide. Vehicle-treated and injured mice had hyperplastic urothelium, incomplete return of mature superficial cell markers, ongoing proliferation, and continued presence of basal progenitor markers 28 days after injury; conversely, FGF7p-treated mice had normal numbers of urothelial cell layers, nearly complete return of superficial cell markers, limited proliferation and fewer basal progenitor cells 28 days post-injury. Vehicle-treated mice also had ectopic lumenal basal progenitor cell markers, while FGF7p had none 28 days after cyclophosphamide. Co-administration of an AKT inhibitor largely abrogated FGF7p-driven AKT activation and cytoprotection in urothelium 24 h after injury. Thus, FGF7p drives faster and higher fidelity urothelial repair by limiting apoptotic injury via AKT signaling, similar to full-length FGF7. Finally, FGF7p is much less expensive to synthesize and has a longer shelf life and higher purity than FGF7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Tatarao Narla
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Lori Rice
- Department of Radiation OncologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - David Ostrov
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Daniel Scott Bushnell
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Joanne Lindsey Duara
- Division of Neonatology, Department of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Carlton Matthew Bates
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Division of NephrologyUPMC Children's Hospital of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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Narla ST, Bushnell DS, Duara JL, Bates CM. AKT Signaling Downstream of KGF Is Necessary and Sufficient for Blocking Cyclophosphamide Bladder Injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:604-612. [PMID: 35063403 PMCID: PMC8961277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) drives phosphorylated (activated) AKT (pAKT) in bladder urothelium, which correlates with cytoprotection from cyclophosphamide. The current study determined whether: i) KGF modifies AKT targets [B-cell lymphoma protein 2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD) and mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC)-1] that could block apoptosis; ii) AKT signaling is required for KGF cytoprotection; iii) direct AKT activation drives cytoprotection; iv) co-administration of KGF and an AKT inhibitor blocks urothelial cytoprotection and AKT and AKT-target activation; and v) an AKT agonist prevents cyclophosphamide-induced urothelial apoptosis. Mice were given KGF and cyclophosphamide (or sham injury), and pBAD (readout of BAD inhibition) or p-p70S6k (pS6, readout of mTORC1 signaling) was assessed. KGF induced pBAD urothelial staining and prevented cyclophosphamide-induced loss of urothelial pS6 staining (likely stabilizing mTORC1 activity). Co-administration of KGF and AKT inhibitor blocked KGF-driven urothelial cytoprotection from cyclophosphamide and prevented pAKT, pBAD, and pS6 urothelial expression. Conversely, systemic AKT agonist blocked cyclophosphamide-induced urothelial apoptosis and induced pAKT, pBAD, and pS6, similar to KGF. Thus, the KGF-AKT signaling axis appeared to phosphorylate (suppress) BAD and prevent cyclophosphamide-induced loss of mTORC1 signaling, both of which likely suppress apoptosis. Additionally, AKT signaling was required for KGF-driven cytoprotection, and direct AKT activation was sufficient for blocking apoptosis. Thus, AKT may be a therapeutic target for blocking urothelial apoptosis from cyclophosphamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar T Narla
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel S Bushnell
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joanne L Duara
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Carlton M Bates
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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8
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Narla ST, Rice L, Ostrov D, Swarts SG, Siemann D, Bushnell DS, Holden JG, Duara J, Bates CM. FGF7 peptide (FGF7p) mimetic mitigates bladder urothelial injury from cyclophosphamide. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15241. [PMID: 35388988 PMCID: PMC8988121 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Although full-length fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) blocks cyclophosphamide-induced urothelial apoptosis in mice, limitations include high production costs because of its large size. We previously identified a small peptide derived from FGF2 that mitigated acute radiation syndrome as well as full-length FGF2. Based on the sequence of the FGF2 peptide, we synthesized a corresponding 19 amino acid FGF7 peptide (FGF7p). Our objectives were to determine if systemic FGF7p triggered the downstream targets and protected against cyclophosphamide bladder injury similar to full-length FGF7. We administered FGF7p or vehicle subcutaneously (SQ) to mice subjected to no injury or intraperitoneal (IP) cyclophosphamide and harvested bladders 1 day after injury. We then performed hematoxylin and eosin, TUNEL and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. In uninjured mice, a 20 mg/kg threshold FGF7p dose induced expression of phosphorylated (activated) FRS2α (pFRS2α), and pAKT in urothelium (consistent with cytoprotective effects of FGF7). We then gave FGF7p (20 mg/kg) or vehicle at 72 and 48 h prior to cyclophosphamide. One day after injury, TUNEL staining revealed many more apoptotic urothelial cells with vehicle treatment versus FGF7p treatment. IF for pAKT and readouts of two anti-apoptotic AKT targets (BAD and mTORC1) revealed minimal staining with vehicle treatment, but strong urothelial expression for all markers with FGF7p treatment. In conclusion, FGF7p appears to block bladder urothelial apoptosis via AKT and its targets, similar to FGF7. FGF7p is much more inexpensive to make and has a longer shelf life and higher purity than FGF7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Tatarao Narla
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Lori Rice
- Department of Radiation OncologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - David Ostrov
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Steven G. Swarts
- Department of Radiation OncologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Dietmar W. Siemann
- Department of Radiation OncologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Daniel Scott Bushnell
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jacqueline G. Holden
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Joanne Lindsey Duara
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Carlton Matthew Bates
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Division of NephrologyUPMC Children’s Hospital of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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Shukal DK, Malaviya PB, Sharma T. Role of the AMPK signalling pathway in the aetiopathogenesis of ocular diseases. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271211063165. [PMID: 35196887 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211063165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a precise role as a master regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK is activated in response to the signalling cues that exhaust cellular ATP levels such as hypoxia, ischaemia, glucose depletion and heat shock. As a central regulator of both lipid and glucose metabolism, AMPK is considered to be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of various diseases, including eye disorders. OBJECTIVE To review all the shreds of evidence concerning the role of the AMPK signalling pathway in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. METHOD Scientific data search and review of available information evaluating the influence of AMPK signalling on ocular diseases. RESULTS Review highlights the significance of AMPK signalling in the aetiopathogenesis of ocular diseases, including cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, retinoblastoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal diseases, etc. The review also provides the information on the AMPK-associated pathways with reference to ocular disease, which includes mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy and regulation of inflammatory response. CONCLUSION The study concludes the role of AMPK in ocular diseases. There is growing interest in the therapeutic utilization of the AMPK pathway for ocular disease treatment. Furthermore, inhibition of AMPK signalling might represent more pertinent strategy than AMPK activation for ocular disease treatment. Such information will guide the development of more effective AMPK modulators for ocular diseases.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval K Shukal
- 534329Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.,76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja B Malaviya
- 534329Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.,76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Tusha Sharma
- 534329Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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The Keap1-Nrf2 System: A Mediator between Oxidative Stress and Aging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6635460. [PMID: 34012501 PMCID: PMC8106771 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6635460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, a term that describes the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, leads to the disruption of redox signals and causes molecular damage. Increased oxidative stress from diverse sources has been implicated in most senescence-related diseases and in aging itself. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1- (Keap1-) nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) system can be used to monitor oxidative stress; Keap1-Nrf2 is closely associated with aging and controls the transcription of multiple antioxidant enzymes. Simultaneously, Keap1-Nrf2 signaling is also modulated by a more complex regulatory network, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), protein kinase C, and mitogen-activated protein kinase. This review presents more information on aging-related molecular mechanisms involving Keap1-Nrf2. Furthermore, we highlight several major signals involved in Nrf2 unbinding from Keap1, including cysteine modification of Keap1 and phosphorylation of Nrf2, PI3K/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase 3β, sequestosome 1, Bach1, and c-Myc. Additionally, we discuss the direct interaction between Keap1-Nrf2 and the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. In summary, we focus on recent progress in research on the Keap1-Nrf2 system involving oxidative stress and aging, providing an empirical basis for the development of antiaging drugs.
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Xu Y, Tu W, Sun D, Chen X, Ge Y, Yao S, Li B, Zhenbo Zhang, Liu Y. Nrf2 alleviates radiation-induced rectal injury by inhibiting of necroptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 554:49-55. [PMID: 33774279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced rectal injury is one of the common side effects of pelvic radiation therapy. This study aimed to explore the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in this process. In vivo, knockout (KO) of Nrf2 led to aggravated radiation-induced histological changes in the rectums. In vitro, interference or overexpression of Nrf2 resulted in enhanced or reduced radiosensitivity in human intestinal epithelial crypts (HIEC) cells, respectively. A potential relationship between Nrf2 and necroptosis was identified using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and western blotting (WB), which showed that necroptosis-related proteins were negatively correlated with Nrf2. Upon treatment with necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), the increased radiosensitivity, decreased cell viability, increased γH2AX foci formation, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in Nrf2-interfered HIEC cells were alleviated. A significant recovery in morphological alterations was also observed in Nrf2 KO mice administered with Nec-1. Taken together, our results highlight the important protective effect of Nrf2 in radiation-induced rectal injury through the inhibition of necroptosis, and the physiological significance of necroptosis in radiation-induced rectal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wenzhi Tu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Di Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xuming Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yulong Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shengyu Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Bing Li
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.
| | - Zhenbo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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12
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Kim MH, Kim DH, Yang SG, Kim DY. Improved effect of a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelium cells. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:7. [PMID: 33472699 PMCID: PMC7819191 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-00471-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative damage to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells contributes to the development of age-related macular degeneration, which is among the leading causes of visual loss in elderly people. In the present study, we evaluated the protective role of triphenylphosphonium (TPP)-Niacin against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in RPE cells. Methods The cellular viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial function of retinal ARPE-19 cells were determined under treatment with H2O2 or pre-treatment with TPP-Niacin. The expression level of mitochondrial related genes and some transcription factors were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results TPP-Niacin significantly improved cell viability, reduced ROS generation, and increased the antioxidant enzymes in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction from the H2O2-induced oxidative stress was also considerably diminished by TPP-Niacin treatment, along with reduction of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and upregulation of the mitochondrial-associated gene. In addition, TPP-Niacin markedly enhanced the expression of transcription factors (PGC-1α and NRF2) and antioxidant-associated genes (especially HO-1 and NQO-1). Conclusion We verified the protective effect of TPP-Niacin against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in RPE cells. TPP-Niacin is believed to protect against mitochondrial dysfunction by upregulating antioxidant-related genes, such as PGC-1α, NRF2, HO-1, and NQO-1, in RPE cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40360-020-00471-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Hee Kim
- Inha Research Institute for Aerospace Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Do-Hun Kim
- Inha Research Institute for Aerospace Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, South Korea
| | - Su Geun Yang
- Inha Research Institute for Aerospace Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, South Korea.
| | - Dae Yu Kim
- Inha Research Institute for Aerospace Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea. .,Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea. .,Center for Sensor Systems, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
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13
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Kim MH, Kwon SY, Woo SY, Seo WD, Kim DY. Antioxidative Effects of Chrysoeriol via Activation of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Modulation of Mitochondrial Function. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020313. [PMID: 33435366 PMCID: PMC7826659 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell dysfunction caused by excessive oxidative damage is partly involved in age-related macular degeneration, which is among the leading causes of visual impairment in elderly people. Here, we investigated the protective role of chrysoeriol against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in RPE cells. The cellular viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial function of retinal ARPE-19 cells were monitored under oxidative stress or pre-treatment with chrysoeriol. The expression levels of mitochondrial-related genes and associated transcription factors were assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Moreover, the protein expression of antioxidant signal molecules was characterized by Western blot analysis. Chrysoeriol significantly increased cell viability, reduced ROS generation, and increased the occurrence of antioxidant molecules in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells. Additionally, mitochondrial dysfunction caused by H2O2-induced oxidative stress was also considerably diminished by chrysoeriol treatment, which reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and upregulated mitochondrial-associated genes and proteins. Chrysoeriol also markedly enhanced key transcription factors (Nrf2) and antioxidant-associated genes (particularly HO-1 and NQO-1). Therefore, our study confirms the protective effect of chrysoeriol against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in RPE cells, thus confirming that it may prevent mitochondrial dysfunction by upregulating antioxidant-related molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Hee Kim
- Inha Research Institute for Aerospace Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - So Yeon Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - So-Yeun Woo
- Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Crop Science, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (S.-Y.W.); (W.D.S.)
| | - Woo Duck Seo
- Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Crop Science, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (S.-Y.W.); (W.D.S.)
| | - Dae Yu Kim
- Inha Research Institute for Aerospace Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Sensor Systems, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-860-7394
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14
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Li S, Zhu Z, Xue M, Pan X, Tong G, Yi X, Fan J, Li Y, Li W, Dong Y, Shen E, Gong W, Wang X, Yu Y, Maeng YJ, Li X, Lee KY, Jin L, Cong W. The protective effects of fibroblast growth factor 10 against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Redox Biol 2021; 40:101859. [PMID: 33445067 PMCID: PMC7806526 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major complication of liver surgery and transplantation. IRI leads to hepatic parenchymal cell death, resulting in liver failure, and lacks effective therapeutic approaches. Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) is a paracrine factor which is well-characterized with respect to its pro-proliferative effects during embryonic liver development and liver regeneration, but its role in hepatic IRI remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of FGF10 in liver IRI and identified signaling pathways regulated by FGF10. In a mouse model of warm liver IRI, FGF10 was highly expressed during the reperfusion phase. In vitro experiments demonstrated that FGF10 was primarily secreted by hepatic stellate cells and acted on hepatocytes. The role of FGF10 in liver IRI was further examined using adeno-associated virus-mediated gene silencing and overexpression. Overexpression of FGF10 alleviated liver dysfunction, reduced necrosis and inflammation, and protected hepatocytes from apoptosis in the early acute injury phase of IRI. Furthermore, in the late phase of IRI, FGF10 overexpression also promoted hepatocyte proliferation. Meanwhile, gene silencing of FGF10 had the opposite effect. Further studies revealed that overexpression of FGF10 activated nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and decreased oxidative stress, mainly through activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT pathway, and the protective effects of FGF10 overexpression were largely abrogated in NRF2 knockout mice. These results demonstrate the protective effects of FGF10 in liver IRI, and reveal the important role of NRF2 in FGF10-mediated hepatic protection during IRI. FGF10 is markedly upregulated in the early phase of liver IRI. FGF10 overexpression exerts great potential in ameliorating hepatic IRI. FGF10 knockdown significantly aggravates hepatic IRI. FGF10 overexpression activates PI3K/AKT-NRF2 signaling and thus ameliorates hepatic IRI. NRF2 knockout abrogates the protective effects of FGF10 overexpression during liver IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Mei Xue
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Xuebo Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Gaozan Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Xinchu Yi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Junfu Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Yuankuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Wanqian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Yetong Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Enzhao Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Wenjie Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Yoo Jae Maeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Kwang Youl Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Litai Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China.
| | - Weitao Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China.
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15
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Ginsenoside Rh3 activates Nrf2 signaling and protects endometrial cells from oxygen and glucose deprivation-reoxygenation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6109-6119. [PMID: 32259797 PMCID: PMC7185134 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-reoxygenation (OGDR) induces oxidative injury to endometrial cells in vitro. We tested the potential effect of ginsenoside Rh3 (GRh3) in the process. Our results show that GRh3 activated Nrf2 signaling in T-HESC cells and primary murine endometrial cells. GRh3 induced Nrf2 Ser-40 phosphorylation and Keap1-Nrf2 disassociation, causing Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation, which led to transcription and expression of antioxidant response element-dependent genes (HO1, NQO1 and GCLC). In T-HESC cells and primary murine endometrial cells, GRh3 potently attenuated OGDR-induced reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial depolarization, as well as cell viability reduction and necrosis. Activation of Nrf2 is required for GRh3-induced anti-OGDR actions in endometrial cells. Nrf2 inhibition, by Nrf2 shRNA, knockout (through CRISPR-Cas9-editing) or S40T mutation, abolished GRh3-induced endometrial cell protection against OGDR. Additionally, forced activation of Nrf2, by Keap1 knockout, mimicked and nullified GRh3-induced anti-OGDR actions in T-HESC cells. Together, we conclude that GRh3 protects endometrial cells from OGDR via activation of Nrf2 signaling.
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16
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Chen N, Li Y, Huang N, Yao J, Luo WF, Jiang Q. The Nrf2 activator MIND4-17 protects retinal ganglion cells from high glucose-induced oxidative injury. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7204-7213. [PMID: 32020639 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of acquired blindness among adults. High glucose (HG) induces oxidative injury and apoptosis in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), serving as a primary pathological mechanism of DR. MIND4-17 activates nuclear-factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling via modifying one cysteine (C151) residue of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). The current study tested its effect in HG-treated primary murine RGCs. We show that MIND4-17 disrupted Keap1-Nrf2 association, leading to Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation, causing subsequent expression of key Nrf2 target genes, including heme oxygenase-1 and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1. Functional studies showed that MIND4-17 pretreatment significantly inhibited HG-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in primary murine RGCs. Reactive oxygen species production and oxidative injury in HG-treated murine RGCs were attenuated by MIND4-17. Nrf2 silencing (by targeted small interfering RNA) or knockout (by CRISPR/Cas9 method) abolished MIND4-17-induced RGC cytoprotection against HG. Additionally, Keap1 knockout or silencing mimicked and abolished MIND4-17-induced activity in RGCs. In vivo, MIND4-17 intravitreal injection activated Nrf2 signaling and attenuated retinal dysfunction by light damage in mice. We conclude that MIND4-17 activates Nrf2 signaling to protect murine RGCs from HG-induced oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya Li
- The Central Lab, North District, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Huang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Yao
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei-Feng Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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17
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Narla ST, Bushnell DS, Schaefer CM, Nouraie M, Bates CM. Keratinocyte Growth Factor Reduces Injury and Leads to Early Recovery from Cyclophosphamide Bladder Injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:108-124. [PMID: 31654636 PMCID: PMC6943803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) improves cyclophosphamide-induced bladder injury. To understand the mechanisms, we subcutaneously administered KGF to mice 24 hours before i.p. cyclophosphamide administration, followed by histologic assays and immunostaining. In vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline)-pretreated mice, nonapoptotic superficial cell death from 2 to 6 hours and apoptosis in intermediate and basal cells from 4 to 24 hours was observed after cyclophosphamide. Despite superficial cell loss, KGF suppressed intermediate and basal cell apoptosis, likely via AKT signaling. At 6 and 24 hours after cyclophosphamide, KGF-pretreated mice also had apparent extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-driven proliferation of mostly keratin 5 (KRT5)+/KRT14- intermediate cells. At 1 to 28 days after cyclophosphamide treatment, mostly KRT14+ basal progenitor cells proliferated in response to injury, peaking at 3 days in both treatment groups; however, proliferation rates were lower in the KGF group at 3 days, consistent with less injury. Three days after injury, unlike controls, KGF-pretreated mice had regenerated superficial cells. At 10 and 28 days after cyclophosphamide treatment, KGF-pretreated mice had little proliferation and marked restoration of urothelial layers, whereas the phosphate-buffered saline group had ongoing regeneration. Administration of KGF to uninjured mice reproduced ERK-driven KRT5+/KRT14- proliferation seen in injured mice; KRT14+ cells were unaffected. KGF pretreatment blocks cyclophosphamide-induced intermediate and basal cell apoptosis, likely by phosphorylated AKT, and drives phosphorylated ERK-mediated KRT5+/KRT14- cell proliferation, leading to early urothelial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar T Narla
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel S Bushnell
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Caitlin M Schaefer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Carlton M Bates
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Division of Nephrology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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mTOR-Mediated Antioxidant Activation in Solid Tumor Radioresistance. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:5956867. [PMID: 31929797 PMCID: PMC6942807 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5956867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is widely used for the treatment of cancer patients, but tumor radioresistance presents serious therapy challenges. Tumor radioresistance is closely related to high levels of mTOR signaling in tumor tissues. Therefore, targeting the mTOR pathway might be a strategy to promote solid tumor sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Radioresistance is associated with enhanced antioxidant mechanisms in cancer cells. Therefore, examination of the relationship between mTOR signaling and antioxidant mechanism-linked radioresistance is required for effective radiotherapy. In particular, the effect of mTOR signaling on antioxidant glutathione induction by the Keap1-NRF2-xCT pathway is described in this review. This review is expected to assist in the identification of therapeutic adjuvants to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy.
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19
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Mo Y, Zhu JL, Jiang A, Zhao J, Ye L, Han B. Compound 13 activates AMPK-Nrf2 signaling to protect neuronal cells from oxygen glucose deprivation-reoxygenation. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:12032-12042. [PMID: 31852839 PMCID: PMC6949105 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen glucose deprivation-reoxygenation (OGD-R) causes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative injury in neuronal cells. We tested the potential neuroprotective function of compound 13 (C13), a novel AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, against OGD-R. We show that C13 pretreatment protected SH-SY5Y neuronal cells and primary hippocampal neurons from OGD-R. C13 activated AMPK signaling in SH-SY5Y cells and primary neurons. It significantly inhibited OGD-R-induced apoptosis activation in neuronal cells. Conversely, AMPKα1 shRNA or knockout reversed C13-mediated neuroprotection against OGD-R. C13 potently inhibited OGD-R-induced ROS production and oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells and primary neurons. Furthermore, C13 induced Keap1 downregulation and Nrf2 activation, causing Nrf2 stabilization, nuclear accumulation, and expression of Nrf2-dependent genes. Nrf2 silencing or knockout in SH-SY5Y cells abolished C13-mediated neuroprotection against OGD-R. In conclusion, C13 activates AMPK-Nrf2 signaling to protect neuronal cells from OGD-R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Mo
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhu
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Aihua Jiang
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Ye
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Han
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
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20
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Xia YH, Lu Z, Wang SM, Hu LX. Nrf2 activation mediates tumor-specific hepatic stellate cells-induced DIgR2 expression in dendritic cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11565-11575. [PMID: 31831714 PMCID: PMC6932929 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies discovered that tumor-specific hepatic stellate cells (tHSCs) induced dendritic cell-derived immunoglobulin receptor 2 (DIgR2) expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (mDCs), inhibiting splenic T cell activation. The current study aims to explore the underlying mechanism of DIgR2 expression by focusing on Nrf2 (nuclear-factor-E2-related factor 2) signaling. We show that tHSCs co-culture induced significant Nrf2 signaling activation in mDCs. The latter was evidenced by Nrf2-Keap1 disassociation, Nrf2 protein stabilization, accumulation and nuclear translocation. Expression of Nrf2-dependent genes, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), were detected in tHSCs-co-cultured mDCs. Importantly tHSCs-induced DIgR2 expression was blocked by Nrf2 shRNA or knockout (KO, by CRISPR/Cas9 method). Conversely, forced activation of Nrf2, by Keap1 shRNA or the Nrf2 activators (3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione and MIND4-17), induced significant DIgR2 expression. tHSCs stimulation induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in mDCs. Conversely, ROS scavengers inhibited tHSCs-induced ROS production, Nrf2 activation and DIgR2 expression in mDCs. Significantly, tHSCs inhibited production of multiple cytokines (CD80, CD86 and IL-12) in mDCs, reversed by Nrf2 depletion. Moreover, Nrf2 shRNA or KO attenuated splenic T cell inhibition by tHSCs-stimulated mDCs. Together, we conclude that Nrf2 activation mediates tHSCs-induced DIgR2 expression in mDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hong Xia
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shou-Min Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Xia Hu
- Department of Oncology, Hefei Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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21
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The seasonal changes of the heme oxygenase in the retina pig. Exp Eye Res 2019; 190:107870. [PMID: 31705898 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The eye is a very important organ in the human body which is affected by various external factors. One of these factors is the sunlight which can cause the visual impairment and as well as the increase in the oxidative stress. The heme oxygenase I (HO-1) plays a very important role in the fight against the oxidative stress. The HO enzyme catalyses the degradation of the heme to the ferrous iron, the biliverdin and the carbon monoxide (CO). The HO-2 is the isoform HO-1 and is mainly constitutively expressed. We have studied the changes in the HO-1 and the HO-2 in the retina on the level of the RNA and the protein in the summer and in the winter season (the biggest difference is in the length of the day light). The retina of the eye was obtained from the breeding pigs in concern (Sus scrofa f. domestica) posthumously. The expression of the HO-1 genes in the retina cells is higher in the winter and the amount of protein decreases. However, the HO enzyme concentration definitely increases in the summer, when the production of the free radicals (the oxidative stress) related to the exposition to the sunlight is greater. The obtained results suggest that various factors have the influence on the protein synthesis. One of the factors, can be the miRNA which blocks the synthesis of the HO. Another factors, influencing the HO are the biological clock, the sunlight and the UV radiation associated with it.
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22
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Xu XZ, Tang Y, Cheng LB, Yao J, Jiang Q, Li KR, Zhen YF. Targeting Keap1 by miR-626 protects retinal pigment epithelium cells from oxidative injury by activating Nrf2 signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:387-396. [PMID: 31446056 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) cascade can offer significant protection against oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Here, we identified a novel kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-targeting microRNA, microRNA-626 (miR-626) that activates Nrf2 signaling. In ARPE-19 cells and primary human RPE cells, ectopic overexpression of miR-626 targeting the 3'-UTR (3'-untranslated region) of Keap1 downregulated its expression, promoting Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation, leading to expression of ARE-dependent genes (HO1, NOQ1 and GCLC). Functional studies showed that miR-626 protected RPE cells from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative injury. Conversely, miR-626 inhibition induced Keap1 upregulation and Nrf2 cascade inhibition, exacerbating oxidative injury in RPE cells. Further studies demonstrated that miR-626 was ineffective in Keap1-knockout or Nrf2-knockout RPE cells. Importantly, miR-626 also activated Keap1-Nrf2 signaling cascade in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and primary human retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), providing protection from H2O2. At last, we show that plasma miR-626 levels are significantly downregulated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients than those in the healthy donors. We conclude that targeting Keap1 by miR-626 protects RPE cells and other ophthalmic cells from oxidative injury via activation of Nrf2 signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Zhong Xu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Bo Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi Second Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wu'xi, China
| | - Jin Yao
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ke-Ran Li
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yun-Fang Zhen
- The Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Children's Bone Diseases, The Children's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Li P, Lin N, Guo M, Huang H, Yu T, Zhang L. REDD1 knockdown protects H9c2 cells against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through Akt/mTORC1/Nrf2 pathway-ameliorated oxidative stress: An in vitro study. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:179-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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24
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Huang SY, Chang SF, Chau SF, Chiu SC. The Protective Effect of Hispidin against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in ARPE-19 Cells via Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080380. [PMID: 31430968 PMCID: PMC6724002 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hispidin, a polyphenol compound isolated from Phellinus linteus, has been reported to possess antioxidant activities. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of hispidin against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress on Adult Retinal Pigment Epithelial cell line-19 (ARPE-19) cells. Hispidin was not cytotoxic to ARPE-19 cells at concentrations of less than 50 μM. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed by dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) staining. Hispidin significantly restored H2O2-induced cell death and reduced the levels of intracellular ROS. The expression levels of antioxidant enzymes, such as NAD(P)H:Quinine oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM) were examined using real-time PCR and Western blotting. Our results showed that hispidin markedly enhanced the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), HO-1, NQO-1, GCLM, and GCLC in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, knockdown experiments revealed that transfection with Nrf2 siRNA successfully suppresses the hispidin activated Nrf2 signaling in ARPE-19 cells. Moreover, activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is involved in mediating the protective effects of hispidin on the ARPE-19 cells. Thus, the present study demonstrated that hispidin provides protection against H2O2-induced damage in ARPE-19 cells via activation of Nrf2 signaling and up-regulation of its downstream targets, including Phase II enzymes, which might be associated with the activation of the JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ying Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu 30071, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Chang
- Department of Research, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan
| | - Siu-Fung Chau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Chun Chiu
- Department of Research, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan.
- General Education Center, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 97005, Taiwan.
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25
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Hao Y, Liu J, Wang Z, Yu LL, Wang J. Piceatannol Protects Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells against Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis through Modulating PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071515. [PMID: 31277394 PMCID: PMC6683019 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect and the molecular mechanism of piceatannol on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced retinal pigment epithelium cell (ARPE-19) damage. Piceatannol treatment significantly inhibited H2O2-induced RPE cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by 64.4% and 75.0%, respectively. Results of flow cytometry showed that H2O2-induced ARPE-19 cells apoptosis was ameliorated by piceatannol supplementation, along with decreased relative protein expressions of Bax/Bcl-2, Cleave-Caspase-3, and Cleave-PARP. Moreover, piceatannol treatment induced NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling activation, which was evidenced by increased transcription of anti-oxidant genes, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLc), SOD, and HO-1. Knockdown of Nrf2 through targeted siRNA alleviated piceatannol-mediated HO-1 transcription, and significantly abolished piceatannol-mediated cytoprotection. LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) dramatically blocked piceatannol-mediated increasing of Nrf2 nuclear translocation, HO-1 expression, and cytoprotective activity, indicating the involvement of PI3K/Akt pathway in the cytoprotective effect of piceatannol. The results from this suggest the potential of piceatannol in reducing the risk of age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Hao
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China..
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Liangli Lucy Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China..
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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26
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Chen ZJ, Rong L, Huang D, Jiang Q. Targeting cullin 3 by miR-601 activates Nrf2 signaling to protect retinal pigment epithelium cells from hydrogen peroxide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:679-687. [PMID: 31178131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Activation of Nrf2 cascade can protect retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other oxidative injury. The current study identified microRNA-601 (miR-601) as a novel cullin 3 (Cul3)-targeting miRNA that activates Nrf2 cascade. In ARPE-19 cells and primary human RPE cells, forced overexpression of miR-601 significantly inhibited Cul3 3'-UTR activity and downregulated Cul3 mRNA/protein expression, leading to Nrf2 protein stabilization and its nuclear translocation as well as expression of anti-oxidant response elements (ARE)-dependent genes (HO1, NQO1 and GCLC). H2O2 treatment increased miR-601 levels in RPE cells. Significantly, ectopic miR-601 overexpression attenuated H2O2-induced oxidative injury and apoptosis in RPE cells. In contrast, miR-601 inhibition promoted Cul3 expression, lowered basal Nrf2 activation, and enhanced H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in RPE cells. In ARPE-19 cells, CRISPC/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) of Cul3 or Keap1 not only mimicked, but also nullified, miR-601-inudced anti-H2O2 actions. Furthermore, Nrf2 silencing by targeted shRNAs abolished miR-601-inudced cytoprotection in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells. Taken together, we show that miR-601 activates Nrf2 signaling to protect RPE cells from H2O2 by targeting Cul3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Chen
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Rong
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Huang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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27
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Sun GL, Huang D, Li KR, Jiang Q. microRNA-4532 inhibition protects human lens epithelial cells from ultra-violet-induced oxidative injury via activating SIRT6-Nrf2 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:777-784. [PMID: 31079921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-violet radiation (UVR) can induce significant oxidative injury to human lens epithelial cells (HLECs). Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is shown to directly bind to Nrf2, essential for Nrf2 signaling activation. In the present study, we show that microRNA-4532 (miR-4532) targets SIRT6 to regulate Nrf2 signaling in HLECs. Ectopic overexpression of miR-4532 in HLECs decreased SIRT6 3'-UTR activity, causing SIRT6 downregulation and Nrf2 signaling inhibition. Conversely, miR-4532 inhibition, by a lentiviral construct, enhanced SIRT6 3'-UTR activity, SIRT6 expression and Nrf2 signaling activation. Functional studies show that UVR-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HLECs were potentiated by miR-4532 overexpression, Nrf2 depletion or SIRT6 shRNA. Conversely, miR-4532 inhibition or ectopic SIRT6 overexpression attenuated UVR-induced oxidative injury in HLECs. Importantly, miR-4532 overexpression or inhibition was ineffective in SIRT6-KO or Nrf2-KO HLECs. Taken together, the results show that inhibition of miR-4532 protects HLECs from UVR-induced oxidative injury via activation of SIRT6-Nrf2 pathway. Targeting the miR-4532-SIRT6-Nrf2 pathway could be a novel strategy to protect HLECs from UVR and possible other oxidative stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Li Sun
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dan Huang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ke-Ran Li
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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28
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Zhao H, Wang R, Ye M, Zhang L. Genipin protects against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in retinal pigment epithelial cells by promoting Nrf2 signaling. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:936-944. [PMID: 30569096 PMCID: PMC6317649 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress serves a vital function in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD); genipin (GP) possesses antioxidative properties. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of GP on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells induced by H2O2 and the underlying mechanism. ARPE-19 cells were subjected to H2O2 treatment to induce oxidative damage. Cell viability was determined via an MTT assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) signaling-associated and the expression of apoptosis-associated factors were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and western blotting. The results revealed that 200 µM H2O2 and 30 µM GP were determined to be the optimal concentrations for subsequent experimentation. GP reversed the inhibitory effects of H2O2 by promoting cell viability, attenuating ROS accumulation and cell apoptosis, and increased the expression of Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H: Quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1); Nrf2 silencing inhibited HO-1 and NQO1 expression. In addition, Nrf2 silencing enhanced the effects of H2O2 by promoting ROS production and cell apoptosis. Compared with H2O2, Nrf2 silencing further decreased the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), but increased that of Bcl-2-associated X protein and cleaved-caspase-3. The results of the present study revealed that Nrf2 silencing attenuated the protective effects of GP on H2O2-induced injury in ARPE-19 cells by promoting apoptosis and oxidation. Collectively, GP attenuated oxidative damage induced by H2O2 in ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism may be associated with the Nrf2 signaling pathway. The findings of the present study nay provide insight into a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Ruiqing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Mingxia Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
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29
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Li XF, Li SY, Dai CM, Li JC, Huang DR, Wang JY. PP2A inhibition by LB-100 protects retinal pigment epithelium cells from UV radiation via activation of AMPK signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 506:73-80. [PMID: 30340831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling activation can inhibit Ultra-violet (UV) radiation (UVR)-induced retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell injuries. LB-100 is a novel inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), the AMPKα1 phosphatase. Here, our results demonstrated that LB-100 significantly inhibited UVR-induced viability reduction, cell death and apoptosis in established ARPE-19 cells and primary murine RPE cells. LB-100 activated AMPK, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) signalings, inhibiting UVR-induced oxidative injuries and DNA damage in RPE cells. Conversely, AMPK inhibition, by AMPKα1-shRNA, -CRISPR/Cas9 knockout or -T172A mutation, almost blocked LB-100-induced RPE cytoprotection against UVR. Importantly, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated PP2A knockout mimicked and nullified LB-100-induced anti-UVR activity in RPE cells. Collectively, these results show that PP2A inhibition by LB-100 protects RPE cells from UVR via activation of AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Shu-Yan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Chang-Ming Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Jian-Chang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Da-Rui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Jun-Ying Wang
- Department of ENT, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China.
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30
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NKILA inhibition protects retinal pigment epithelium cells from hypoxia by facilitating NFκB activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:3134-3141. [PMID: 30144973 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sustained retinal hypoxia causes injuries to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. We studied expression and potential functions of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) Interacting LncRNA (NKILA) in hypoxia-treated RPE cells. Hypoxia induced NKILA expression, NKILA-IκBα association and NFκB activation in ARPE-19 cells and primary human RPE cells. shRNA-mediated knockdown of NKILA facilitated NFκB activation, inhibiting RPE cell death and apoptosis. Conversely, exogenous overexpression of NKILA blocked hypoxia-induced NFκB activation, thereby exacerbating RPE cell apoptosis. Further studies show that hypoxia downregulated microRNA-103 (miR-103), the anti-NKILA microRNA, in RPE cells. Transfection of miR-103 mimic blocked hypoxia-induced NKILA expression to significantly boost NFκB activation, protecting RPE cells from hypoxia. Collectively, we conclude that hypoxia-induced NKILA expression negatively regulates NFκB to promote RPE cell death. Conversely, NKILA inhibition protects RPE cells from hypoxia by facilitating NFκB activation.
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31
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Li XM, Huang D, Yu Q, Yang J, Yao J. Neuroligin-3 protects retinal cells from H2O2-induced cell death via activation of Nrf2 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 502:166-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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32
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Li XF, Liu XM, Huang DR, Cao HJ, Wang JY. PF-06409577 activates AMPK signaling to protect retinal pigment epithelium cells from UV radiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:293-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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33
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Shi X, Liu HY, Li SP, Xu HB. Keratinocyte growth factor protects endometrial cells from oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation via activating Nrf2 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:178-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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34
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Feiks A, Nowotny C, Gruber W. [Characteristics of peripheral rheograms following thermal provocation in normal and pathologic pregnancy]. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 1988; 48:647-50. [PMID: 3181714 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1026557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Using the impedance plethysmographic method of rheography it is possible to ascertain the tone of the peripheral resistance vessels directly by simple means. Previous studies have shown that there is a close relationship between peripheral vasodilatation at rest and normal course of pregnancy. In the present study, rheographic changes were studied in patients with normal pregnancy (n = 27, Group 1), diabetes mellitus (n = 18, Group 2), "pregnancy-induced hypertension" (n = 10, Group 3), and chronic placental insufficiency (n = 16, Group 4) during and following a low-temperature stimulus. After exposure to icy water, the Group 1 subjects showed a 40% reduction in rheographic amplitude, Groups 2 and 3 a 25% reduction, while Group 4 patients showed no signs of vasoconstriction going beyond the resting state (p less than 0.001). The four groups also differed considerably as regards vessel wall behavior in the recovery phase. The study confirms that the amplitude of the peripheral rheogram is a good indicator for detecting high-risk pregnancies. The amplitude pattern under thermal stimulation also provides further information on the dynamic behavior of the resistance vessels in normal and pathologic pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Feiks
- II. Univ.-Frauenklinik Wien, Osterreich
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