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Orta AK, Riera N, Li YE, Tanaka S, Yun HG, Klaic L, Clemons WM. The mechanism of the phage-encoded protein antibiotic from ΦX174. Science 2023; 381:eadg9091. [PMID: 37440661 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg9091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The historically important phage ΦX174 kills its host bacteria by encoding a 91-residue protein antibiotic called protein E. Using single-particle electron cryo-microscopy, we demonstrate that protein E bridges two bacterial proteins to form the transmembrane YES complex [MraY, protein E, sensitivity to lysis D (SlyD)]. Protein E inhibits peptidoglycan biosynthesis by obstructing the MraY active site leading to loss of lipid I production. We experimentally validate this result for two different viral species, providing a clear model for bacterial lysis and unifying previous experimental data. Additionally, we characterize the Escherichia coli MraY structure-revealing features of this essential enzyme-and the structure of the chaperone SlyD bound to a protein. Our structures provide insights into the mechanism of phage-mediated lysis and for structure-based design of phage therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Orta
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Nadia Riera
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Yancheng E Li
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Shiho Tanaka
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Hyun Gi Yun
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Lada Klaic
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - William M Clemons
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Mezhyrova J, Martin J, Peetz O, Dötsch V, Morgner N, Ma Y, Bernhard F. Membrane insertion mechanism and molecular assembly of the bacteriophage lysis toxin ΦX174‐E. FEBS J 2020; 288:3300-3316. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julija Mezhyrova
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Janosch Martin
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Oliver Peetz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Volker Dötsch
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Nina Morgner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Yi Ma
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Frank Bernhard
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Germany
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Vasilenko EA, Gorshkova EN, Astrakhantseva IV, Drutskaya MS, Tillib SV, Nedospasov SA, Mokhonov VV. The structure of myeloid cell-specific TNF inhibitors affects their biological properties. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3542-3550. [PMID: 32865225 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Spatial organization and conformational changes of antibodies may significantly affect their biological functions. We assessed the effect of mutual organization of the two VH H domains within bispecific antibodies recognizing human TNF and the surface molecules of murine myeloid cells (F4/80 or CD11b) on TNF retention and inhibition. TNF-neutralizing properties in vitro and in vivo of MYSTI-2 and MYSTI-3 antibodies were compared with new variants with interchanged VH H domains and different linker sequences. The most effective structure of MYSTI-2 and MYSTI-3 proteins required the Ser/Gly-containing 'superflexible' linker. The orientation of the modules was crucial for the activity of the proteins, but not for MYSTI-3 with the Pro/Gln-containing 'semi-rigid' linker. Our results may contribute toward the development of more effective drug prototypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Irina V Astrakhantseva
- Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.,Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
| | - Marina S Drutskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei V Tillib
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei A Nedospasov
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia.,Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav V Mokhonov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Blokhina Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Vasilenko EA, Gorshkova EN, Astrakhantseva IV, Nedospasov SA, Mokhonov VV. Three-Domain Antibodies against the Tumor Necrosis Factor: Investigation of Their Biological Activity In Vitro. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020030218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sugawara-Narutaki A, Yasunaga S, Sugioka Y, Le DHT, Kitamura I, Nakamura J, Ohtsuki C. Rheology of Dispersions of High-Aspect-Ratio Nanofibers Assembled from Elastin-Like Double-Hydrophobic Polypeptides. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6262. [PMID: 31842263 PMCID: PMC6940774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) are promising candidates for fabricating tissue-engineering scaffolds that mimic the extracellular environment of elastic tissues. We have developed a "double-hydrophobic" block ELP, GPG, inspired by non-uniform distribution of two different hydrophobic domains in natural elastin. GPG has a block sequence of (VGGVG)5-(VPGXG)25-(VGGVG)5 that self-assembles to form nanofibers in water. Functional derivatives of GPG with appended amino acid motifs can also form nanofibers, a display of the block sequence's robust self-assembling properties. However, how the block length affects fiber formation has never been clarified. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a novel ELP, GPPG, in which the central sequence (VPGVG)25 is repeated twice by a short linker sequence. The self-assembly behavior and the resultant nanostructures of GPG and GPPG were when compared through circular dichroism spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Dynamic rheology measurements revealed that the nanofiber dispersions of both GPG and GPPG at an extremely low concentration (0.034 wt%) exhibited solid-like behavior with storage modulus G' > loss modulus G" over wide range of angular frequencies, which was most probably due to the high aspect ratio of the nanofibers that leads to the flocculation of nanofibers in the dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayae Sugawara-Narutaki
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (Y.S.); (D.H.T.L.); (J.N.); (C.O.)
| | - Sawako Yasunaga
- Department of Crystalline Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;
| | - Yusuke Sugioka
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (Y.S.); (D.H.T.L.); (J.N.); (C.O.)
| | - Duc H. T. Le
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (Y.S.); (D.H.T.L.); (J.N.); (C.O.)
| | - Issei Kitamura
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;
| | - Jin Nakamura
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (Y.S.); (D.H.T.L.); (J.N.); (C.O.)
| | - Chikara Ohtsuki
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (Y.S.); (D.H.T.L.); (J.N.); (C.O.)
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