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Kaneda H, Ida Y, Kuwahara R, Sato I, Nakano T, Tokuda H, Sato T, Murakoshi T, Honke K, Kotani N. Proximity Proteomics Has Potential for Extracellular Vesicle Identification. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3519-3531. [PMID: 34115501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biomarkers and mediators of intercellular communication. In biological samples, EVs are secreted by various types of cells. The proteomic identification of proteins expressed in EVs has potential to contribute to research and clinical applications, particularly for cancer. In this study, the proximity-labeling method-based proteomic approach was used for EV identification, labeling membrane components proximal to a given molecule on the EV membrane surface. Due to the small labeling range, proteins on the surface of the same EVs are likely to be labeled by selecting a given EV surface antigen. The protein group of cancer cell-secreted EV (cEV), which abundantly expresses a close homologue of L1 (CHL1), was examined using a model mouse for lung cancer (LC). cEV-expressed proteins were identified by proteomic analysis of enzyme-mediated activation of radical sources by comparing serum EVs from wild-type and LC mice. SLC4A1 was found to be co-expressed in CHL1-expressing EVs, highlighting EVs expressing both CHL1 and SLC4A1 as candidates for cEVs. Serum EVs expressing both CHL1 and caspase 14 were significantly elevated in LC patients compared with healthy individuals. Thus, the combination of proximity labeling and proteomic analysis allows for effective EV identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Kaneda
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Yui Ida
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kuwahara
- Quantum Wave Microscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Izumi Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Tokuda
- Medical Genome Center Biobank, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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Karstens KF, Bellon E, Polonski A, Wolters-Eisfeld G, Melling N, Reeh M, Izbicki JR, Tachezy M. Expression and serum levels of the neural cell adhesion molecule L1-like protein (CHL1) in gastrointestinal stroma tumors (GIST) and its prognostic power. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1131-1140. [PMID: 32284790 PMCID: PMC7138165 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diagnosis of gastrointestinal stroma tumors (GIST) is based on the histological evaluation of tissue specimens. Reliable systemic biomarkers are lacking. We investigated the local expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule L1-like protein (CHL1) in GIST and determined whether soluble CHL1 proteoforms could serve as systemic biomarkers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Expression of CHL1 was analyzed in primary tumor specimens and metastases. 58 GIST specimens were immunohistochemically stained for CHL1 on a tissue microarray (TMA). Systemic CHL1 levels were measured in sera derived from 102 GIST patients and 91 healthy controls by ELISA. Results were statistically correlated with clinicopathological parameters. RESULTS CHL1 expression was detected in GIST specimens. Reduced tissue expression was significantly associated with advanced UICC stages (p = 0.036) and unfavorable tumor localization (p = 0.001). CHL1 serum levels are significantly elevated in GIST patients (p < 0.010). Elevated CHL1 levels were significantly associated with larger tumors (p = 0.023), advanced UICC stage (p = 0.021), and an increased Fletcher score (p = 0.041). Moreover, patients with a higher CHL1 serum levels displayed a significantly shortened recurrence free survival independent of other clinicopathological variables. CONCLUSION Local CHL1 expression and serum CHL1 levels show a reverse prognostic behavior, highlighting the relevance of proteolytic shedding of the molecule. The results of the study indicate a potential role of serum CHL1 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Frederick Karstens
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendor, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eugen Bellon
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendor, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adam Polonski
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendor, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerrit Wolters-Eisfeld
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendor, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Melling
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendor, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Reeh
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendor, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendor, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Tachezy
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendor, Hamburg, Germany
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Protein expression of close homologue of L1 (CHL1) is a marker for overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:2285-2292. [PMID: 31372722 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cell adhesion molecule close homologue of L1 (CHL1) is a potential tumour suppressor and was recently detected in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimens. The expression pattern, prognostic, and functional role of CHL1 in NSCLCs is unknown. METHODS We evaluated the protein expression of CHL1 by immunohistochemistry in 2161 NSCLC patients based on a tissue microarray. The results were correlated with clinical, histopathological, and patient survival data (Chi square test, t test, and log-rank test, respectively). A multivariate analysis (Cox regression) was performed to validate its impact on patients' survival. RESULTS CHL1 was expressed in NSCLC patients and was significantly overexpressed in lung adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas compared to neuroendocrine and large cell carcinomas of the lung (p < 0.001). CHL1 expression was associated with the T stage in adenocarcinomas (p = 0.011) and with metastatic lymph node status and UICC stage in squamous cell carcinomas (p = 0.034 and p = 0.035, respectively). Increased CHL1 expression was associated with improved survival in univariate (p = 0.031) and multivariate analyses (odds ratio 0.797, 95% confidence interval 0.677-0.939, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION The prognostic significance of CHL1 makes it a potential prognostic and therapeutic target and underlines its role as a tumour suppressor. Further validation studies and functional analyses are needed to investigate its potential role in tumourigenesis and dissemination.
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