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Hirao A, Hojo Y, Murakami G, Ito R, Hashizume M, Murakoshi T, Uozumi N. Effects of systemic inflammation on the network oscillation in the anterior cingulate cortex and cognitive behavior. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302470. [PMID: 38701101 PMCID: PMC11068183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Network oscillation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a key role in attention, novelty detection and anxiety; however, its involvement in cognitive impairment caused by acute systemic inflammation is unclear. To investigate the acute effects of systemic inflammation on ACC network oscillation and cognitive function, we analyzed cytokine level and cognitive performance as well as network oscillation in the mouse ACC Cg1 region, within 4 hours after lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 30 μg/kg) administration. While the interleukin-6 concentration in the serum was evidently higher in LPS-treated mice, the increases in the cerebral cortex interleukin-6 did not reach statistical significance. The power of kainic acid (KA)-induced network oscillation in the ACC Cg1 region slice preparation increased in LPS-treated mice. Notably, histamine, which was added in vitro, increased the oscillation power in the brain slices from LPS-untreated mice; for the LPS-treated mice, however, the effect of histamine was suppressive. In the open field test, frequency of entries into the center area showed a negative correlation with the power of network oscillation (0.3 μM of KA, theta band (3-8 Hz); 3.0 μM of KA, high-gamma band (50-80 Hz)). These results suggest that LPS-induced systemic inflammation results in increased network oscillation and a drastic change in histamine sensitivity in the ACC, accompanied by the robust production of systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines in the periphery, and that these alterations in the network oscillation and animal behavior as an acute phase reaction relate with each other. We suggest that our experimental setting has a distinct advantage in obtaining mechanistic insights into inflammatory cognitive impairment through comprehensive analyses of hormonal molecules and neuronal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Hirao
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hojo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | - Gen Murakami
- Department of Liberal Arts, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | - Rina Ito
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | - Miki Hashizume
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naonori Uozumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
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Hashizume M, Ito R, Suge R, Hojo Y, Murakami G, Murakoshi T. Correlation Between Cued Fear Memory Retrieval and Oscillatory Network Inhibition in the Amygdala Is Disrupted by Acute REM Sleep Deprivation. Neuroscience 2024; 536:12-20. [PMID: 37944580 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is critically involved in emotional behaviors, such as aversive memory formation. In particular, fear memory after cued fear conditioning is strongly associated with the BLA, whereas both the BLA and hippocampus are essential for contextual fear memory formation. In the present study, we examined the effects of acute (3 h) sleep deprivation (SD) on BLA-associated fear memory in juvenile (P24-32) rats and performed in vitro electrophysiology using whole-cell patch clamping from the basolateral nucleus (BA) of the BLA. BA projection neurons exhibit the network oscillation, i.e., spontaneous oscillatory bursts of inhibitory transmission at 0.1-3 Hz, as previously reported. In the present study, SD either before or after fear conditioning (FC) disturbed the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory without significant effects on contextual fear memory. FC reduced the power of the oscillatory activity, but SD did not further reduce the oscillation power. Oscillation power was correlated with tone-associated freezing rate (FR) in SD-free fear-conditioned rats, but this relation was disrupted in SD treated group. Rhythm index (RI), the rhythmicity of the oscillation, quantified by autocorrelation analysis, also correlated with tone-associated FR in the combined data, including FC alone and FC with SD. These results suggest that slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Hashizume
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Rina Ito
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Rie Suge
- Department of Liberal Arts, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hojo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Gen Murakami
- Department of Liberal Arts, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan.
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Nakano T, Aochi H, Hirasaki M, Takenaka Y, Fujita K, Tamura M, Soma H, Kamezawa H, Koizumi T, Shibuya H, Inomata R, Okuda A, Murakoshi T, Shimada A, Inoue I. Effects of Pparγ1 deletion on late-stage murine embryogenesis and cells that undergo endocycle. Dev Biol 2021; 478:222-235. [PMID: 34246625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ1, a nuclear receptor, is abundant in the murine placenta during the late stage of pregnancy (E15-E16), although its functional roles remain unclear. PPARγ1 is encoded by two splicing isoforms, namely Pparγ1canonical and Pparγ1sv, and its embryonic loss leads to early (E10) embryonic lethality. Thus, we generated knockout (KO) mice that carried only one of the isoforms to obtain a milder phenotype. Pparγ1sv-KO mice were viable and fertile, whereas Pparγ1canonical-KO mice failed to recover around the weaning age. Pparγ1canonical-KO embryos developed normally up to 15.5 dpc, followed by growth delays after that. The junctional zone of Pparγ1canonical-KO placentas severely infiltrated the labyrinth, and maternal blood sinuses were dilated. In the wild-type, PPARγ1 was highly expressed in sinusoidal trophoblast giant cells (S-TGCs), peaking at 15.5 dpc. Pparγ1canonical-KO abolished PPARγ1 expression in S-TGCs. Notably, the S-TGCs had unusually enlarged nuclei and often occupied maternal vascular spaces, disturbing the organization of the fine labyrinth structure. Gene expression analyses of Pparγ1canonical-KO placentas indicated enhanced S-phase cell cycle signatures. EdU-positive S-TGCs in Pparγ1canonical-KO placentas were greater in number than those in wild-type placentas, suggesting that the cells continued to endoreplicate in the mutant placentas. These results indicate that PPARγ1, a known cell cycle arrest mediator, is involved in the transition of TGCs undergoing endocycling to the terminal differentiation stage in the placentas. Therefore, PPARγ1 deficiency, induced through genetic manipulation, leads to placental insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Hidekazu Aochi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masataka Hirasaki
- Division of Developmental Biology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takenaka
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Fujita
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Tamura
- Technology and Development Team for Mouse Phenotype Analysis, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Soma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Kamezawa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Koizumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Shibuya
- Technology and Development Team for Mouse Phenotype Analysis, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Reiko Inomata
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Okuda
- Division of Developmental Biology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akira Shimada
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ikuo Inoue
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
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Kaneda H, Ida Y, Kuwahara R, Sato I, Nakano T, Tokuda H, Sato T, Murakoshi T, Honke K, Kotani N. Proximity Proteomics Has Potential for Extracellular Vesicle Identification. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3519-3531. [PMID: 34115501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biomarkers and mediators of intercellular communication. In biological samples, EVs are secreted by various types of cells. The proteomic identification of proteins expressed in EVs has potential to contribute to research and clinical applications, particularly for cancer. In this study, the proximity-labeling method-based proteomic approach was used for EV identification, labeling membrane components proximal to a given molecule on the EV membrane surface. Due to the small labeling range, proteins on the surface of the same EVs are likely to be labeled by selecting a given EV surface antigen. The protein group of cancer cell-secreted EV (cEV), which abundantly expresses a close homologue of L1 (CHL1), was examined using a model mouse for lung cancer (LC). cEV-expressed proteins were identified by proteomic analysis of enzyme-mediated activation of radical sources by comparing serum EVs from wild-type and LC mice. SLC4A1 was found to be co-expressed in CHL1-expressing EVs, highlighting EVs expressing both CHL1 and SLC4A1 as candidates for cEVs. Serum EVs expressing both CHL1 and caspase 14 were significantly elevated in LC patients compared with healthy individuals. Thus, the combination of proximity labeling and proteomic analysis allows for effective EV identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Kaneda
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Yui Ida
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kuwahara
- Quantum Wave Microscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Izumi Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Tokuda
- Medical Genome Center Biobank, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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Nakano T, Inoue I, Takenaka Y, Ito R, Kotani N, Sato S, Nakano Y, Hirasaki M, Shimada A, Murakoshi T. Ezetimibe impairs transcellular lipid trafficking and induces large lipid droplet formation in intestinal absorptive epithelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158808. [PMID: 32860884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ezetimibe inhibits Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) protein, which mediates intracellular cholesterol trafficking from the brush border membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum, where chylomicron assembly takes place in enterocytes or in the intestinal absorptive epithelial cells. Cholesterol is a minor lipid constituent of chylomicrons; however, whether or not a shortage of cholesterol attenuates chylomicron assembly is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of ezetimibe, a potent NPC1L1 inhibitor, on trans-epithelial lipid transport, and chylomicron assembly and secretion in enterocytes. Caco-2 cells, an absorptive epithelial model, grown onto culture inserts were given lipid micelles from the apical side, and chylomicron-like triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein secreted basolaterally were analyzed after a 24-h incubation period in the presence of ezetimibe up to 50 μM. The secretion of lipoprotein and apolipoprotein B48 were reduced by adding ezetimibe (30% and 34%, respectively). Although ezetimibe allowed the cells to take up cholesterol normally, the esterification was abolished. Meanwhile, oleic acid esterification was unaffected. Moreover, ezetimibe activated sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 by approximately 1.5-fold. These results suggest that ezetimibe limited cellular cholesterol mobilization required for lipoprotein assembly. In such conditions, large lipid droplet formation in Caco-2 cells and the enterocytes of mice were induced, implying that unprocessed triacylglycerol was sheltered in these compartments. Although ezetimibe did not reduce the post-prandial lipid surge appreciably in triolein-infused mice, the results of the present study indicated that pharmacological actions of ezetimibe may participate in a novel regulatory mechanism for the efficient chylomicron assembly and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Ikuo Inoue
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takenaka
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rina Ito
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sawako Sato
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakano
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masataka Hirasaki
- Division of Developmental Biology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akira Shimada
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Kotani N, Yamaguchi A, Ohnishi T, Kuwahara R, Nakano T, Nakano Y, Ida Y, Murakoshi T, Honke K. Proximity proteomics identifies cancer cell membrane cis-molecular complex as a potential cancer target. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2607-2619. [PMID: 31228215 PMCID: PMC6676139 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer‐specific antigens expressed in the cell membrane have been used as targets for several molecular targeted strategies in the last 20 years with remarkable success. To develop more effective cancer treatments, novel targets and strategies for targeted therapies are needed. Here, we examined the cancer cell membrane‐resident “cis‐bimolecular complex” as a possible cancer target (cis‐bimolecular cancer target: BiCAT) using proximity proteomics, a technique that has attracted attention in the last 10 years. BiCAT were detected using a previously developed method termed the enzyme‐mediated activation of radical source (EMARS), to label the components proximal to a given cell membrane molecule. EMARS analysis identified some BiCAT, such as close homolog of L1 (CHL1), fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGFR3) and α2 integrin, which are commonly expressed in mouse primary lung cancer cells and human lung squamous cell carcinoma cells. Analysis of cancer specimens from 55 lung cancer patients revealed that CHL1 and α2 integrin were highly co–expressed in almost all cancer tissues compared with normal lung tissues. As an example of BiCAT application, in vitro simulation of effective drug combinations used for multiple drug treatment strategies was performed using reagents targeted to BiCAT molecules. The combination treatment based on BiCAT information moderately suppressed cancer cell proliferation compared with single administration, suggesting that the information about BiCAT in cancer cells is useful for the appropriate selection of the combination among molecular targeted reagents. Thus, BiCAT has the potential to contribute to several molecular targeted strategies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Arisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ohnishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kuwahara
- Quantum Wave Microscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yui Ida
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan
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Hirasaki M, Mizuno Y, Ida Y, Murakoshi T, Okuda A, Kotani N. Identification and characterization of splenic adherent cells forming densely-packed colonies. Dev Growth Differ 2019; 61:283-293. [PMID: 30919971 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
It is thought that the spleen contains stem cells that differentiate into somatic cells other than immune cells. We investigated the presence of these hypothetical splenic cells with stem cell characteristics and identified adherent cells forming densely-packed colonies (Splenic Adherent Colony-forming Cell; SACC) in the spleen. Splenic Adherent Colony-forming Cell was positive for alkaline phosphatase staining and stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-1 antigen. However, the self-renewal properties of SACCs were limited because they stopped cell proliferation once colonies visible to the naked eye were formed. Gene expression analyses by semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed the significant expression of c-Myc and Klf4, whereas faint or no expression was evident for Nanog, Oct3/4, and Sox2. Global expression analyses by DNA microarray and subsequent gene ontology analyses revealed that the expression levels of genes related to the immune system were significantly lower in SACCs than in control splenic cells. In contrast, genes unrelated to the immune system, such as those involved in cell adhesion and axon guidance, were relatively highly expressed in SACCs compared with control splenic cells. Taken together, we identified a novel cell type residing in the spleen that is different from the hypothetical splenic stem cell, but which bears some, but not all, characteristics that represent an undifferentiated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Hirasaki
- Division of Developmental Biology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yosuke Mizuno
- Division of Functional Genomics & Systems Medicine, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yui Ida
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Okuda
- Division of Developmental Biology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
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Hashizume M, Ito R, Hojo Y, Yanagawa Y, Murakoshi T. Acute Sleep Deprivation Reduces Oscillatory Network Inhibition in the Young Rat Basolateral Amygdala. Neuroscience 2019; 401:73-83. [PMID: 30654002 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The amygdala is concerned with the emotional memory consolidation, and is known as a stress-vulnerable region of the brain. Slow network oscillation is considered to play roles in memory consolidation during sleep. We investigated the relationship between the sleep and oscillation in the basolateral nucleus (BL) of the amygdala, in which burst firing is preferentially observed during sleep and the slow inhibitory oscillation is recorded from projection neuron. We examined whether sleep deprivation (SD) alters the properties of the network inhibition by whole-cell recordings from BL projection neurons and interneurons of the slice preparation of the juvenile rats. The level of the oscillatory network inhibition, measured as summed power of the spectral density between 0.1 and 3 Hz of the synaptic currents in the projection neurons, was significantly attenuated by acute (3 h) SD in older (P20-24) but not in younger (P15-19) animals. This reduction was mainly derived from the reduced peak amplitude of periodic IPSC bursts. In inhibitory interneurons in BL, spontaneous firings were reduced in older SD rats. The spike threshold of interneurons was increased and the power of the periodic excitatory transmission was reduced in the SD rats. Moreover, a reduction in input resistance in projection neurons was observed in SD rats without significant difference in the excitability which was measured by the spike number induced by depolarizing currents. These results suggest that SD stress affects the network oscillatory property accompanied by changes of individual neuronal excitability and synaptic communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Hashizume
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 350-0495, Morohongo 38, Moroyama Machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama Prefecture, Japan
| | - Rina Ito
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 350-0495, Morohongo 38, Moroyama Machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama Prefecture, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hojo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 350-0495, Morohongo 38, Moroyama Machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama Prefecture, Japan
| | - Yuchio Yanagawa
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 371-8511 Maebashi City, Gunma Prefecture, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 350-0495, Morohongo 38, Moroyama Machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama Prefecture, Japan.
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Nakano T, Inoue I, Murakoshi T. A Newly Integrated Model for Intestinal Cholesterol Absorption and Efflux Reappraises How Plant Sterol Intake Reduces Circulating Cholesterol Levels. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020310. [PMID: 30717222 PMCID: PMC6412963 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol homeostasis is maintained through a balance of de novo synthesis, intestinal absorption, and excretion from the gut. The small intestine contributes to cholesterol homeostasis by absorbing and excreting it, the latter of which is referred to as trans-intestinal cholesterol efflux (TICE). Because the excretion efficiency of endogenous cholesterol is inversely associated with the development of atherosclerosis, TICE provides an attractive therapeutic target. Thus, elucidation of the mechanism is warranted. We have shown that intestinal cholesterol absorption and TICE are inversely correlated in intestinal perfusion experiments in mice. In this review, we summarized 28 paired data sets for absorption efficiency and fecal neutral sterol excretion, a surrogate marker of TICE, obtained from 13 available publications in a figure, demonstrating the inverse correlation were nearly consistent with the assumption. We then offer a bidirectional flux model that accommodates absorption and TICE occurring in the same segment. In this model, the brush border membrane (BBM) of intestinal epithelial cells stands as the dividing ridge for cholesterol fluxes, making the opposite fluxes competitive and being coordinated by shared BBM-localized transporters, ATP-binding cassette G5/G8 and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1. Furthermore, the idea is applied to address how excess plant sterol/stanol (PS) intake reduces circulating cholesterol level, because the mechanism is still unclear. We propose that unabsorbable PS repeatedly shuttles between the BBM and lumen and promotes concomitant cholesterol efflux. Additionally, PSs, which are chemically analogous to cholesterol, may disturb the trafficking machineries that transport cholesterol to the cell interior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.
| | - Ikuo Inoue
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.
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Terada S, Irikoma S, Yamashita A, Murakoshi T. Incidence of respiratory depression after epidural administration of morphine for cesarean delivery: findings using a continuous respiratory rate monitoring system. Int J Obstet Anesth 2018; 38:32-36. [PMID: 30477999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidural morphine is widely used for postoperative analgesia after cesarean delivery. However, respiratory depression can occur after neuraxial administration of morphine. Previous reports describing respiratory depression in obstetric patients have relied on intermittent visual counting of the respiratory rate. In this study, we estimated the incidence of respiratory depression in patients who had received epidural morphine after cesarean delivery, using a continuous respiratory rate monitoring system with a finger sensor. METHODS One hundred patients scheduled to undergo elective cesarean delivery and receive intraoperative neuraxial morphine between April and December 2016 were recruited for this single-center, prospective observational study. Postoperatively, all patients received epidural morphine 3 mg and were equipped with the Nellcor respiratory rate monitoring system. Respiratory depression was defined as both bradypnea (respiratory rate ≤10 breaths/min) and oxygen desaturation (mild ≤95%; moderate ≤90%; severe ≤85%) for longer than one minute. The number of patients with respiratory depression between administration of morphine and first ambulation was recorded hourly. RESULTS Complete monitoring was obtained for 89 of 100 women. The median duration of monitoring was 19.0 hours. Forty-six patients (52%) developed mild respiratory depression at least once before ambulation, but only one (1%) developed moderate respiratory depression. None required supplemental oxygen or naloxone. CONCLUSIONS Approximately half the women experienced mild respiratory depression, but only one developed moderate respiratory depression. Continuous respiratory rate monitoring until ambulation may assist in early identification of respiratory depression after neuraxial administration of morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Terada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - S Irikoma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - A Yamashita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - T Murakoshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
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Kotani N, Ida Y, Nakano T, Sato I, Kuwahara R, Yamaguchi A, Tomita M, Honke K, Murakoshi T. Tumor-dependent secretion of close homolog of L1 results in elevation of its circulating level in mouse model for human lung tumor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:982-987. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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12
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Nakano T, Inoue I, Takenaka Y, Ikegami Y, Kotani N, Shimada A, Noda M, Murakoshi T. Luminal plant sterol promotes brush border membrane-to-lumen cholesterol efflux in the small intestine. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2018; 63:102-105. [PMID: 30279620 PMCID: PMC6160726 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant sterols are used as food additives to reduce intestinal cholesterol absorption. They also increase fecal neutral sterol (FNS) excretion irrespective of the absorption inhibition. Intestine-mediated reverse cholesterol transport, or trans-intestinal cholesterol efflux (TICE), provides the major part of the increase of FNS excretion. However, it is unknown whether plant sterols stimulate TICE or not. We have shown previously that TICE can be evaluated by brush border membrane (BBM)-to-lumen cholesterol efflux. Thus, we examined whether luminal plant sterols stimulate BBM-to-lumen cholesterol efflux in the intestinal tract or not in mice. Cannulated upper jejunum that had been pre-labeled with orally given 3H-cholesterol, was flushed and perfused to collect 3H-cholesterol effluxed back into the lumen from the BBM to estimate the efflux efficiency. Adding 0.5 mg/ml of plant sterols, but not cholesterol, in the perfusion solution doubled the efflux. Plant sterols enter the BBM and are effluxed back to the lumen rapidly, in which process cholesterol transporters in the BBM are involved. We thus speculate that phytosterols alter cholesterol flux in the BBM; thereby, increases BBM-to-lumen cholesterol efflux, resulting in the increased TICE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Ikuo Inoue
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takenaka
- Department of Physiology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ikegami
- Department of Physiology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Akira Shimada
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Noda
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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13
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Kotani N, Nakano T, Ida Y, Ito R, Hashizume M, Yamaguchi A, Seo M, Araki T, Hojo Y, Honke K, Murakoshi T. Analysis of lipid raft molecules in the living brain slices. Neurochem Int 2017; 119:140-150. [PMID: 28844489 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal plasma membrane has been thought to retain a lot of lipid raft components which play important roles in the neural function. Although the biochemical analyses of lipid raft using brain tissues have been extensively carried out in the past 20 years, many of their experimental conditions do not coincide with those of standard neuroscience researches such as neurophysiology and neuropharmacology. Hence, the physiological methods for lipid raft analysis that can be compatible with general neuroscience have been required. Herein, we developed a system to physiologically analyze ganglioside GM1-enriched lipid rafts in brain tissues using the "Enzyme-Mediated Activation of Radical Sources (EMARS)" method that we reported (Kotani N. et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 105, 7405-7409 (2008)). The EMARS method was applied to acute brain slices prepared from mouse brains in aCSF solution using the EMARS probe, HRP-conjugated cholera toxin subunit B, which recognizes ganglioside GM1. The membrane molecules present in the GM1-enriched lipid rafts were then labeled with fluorescein under the physiological condition. The fluorescein-tagged lipid raft molecules called "EMARS products" distributed differentially among various parts of the brain. On the other hand, appreciable differences were not detected among segments along the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus. We further developed a device to label the lipid raft molecules in acute hippocampal slices under two different physiological conditions to detect dynamics of the lipid raft molecules during neural excitation. Using this device, several cell membrane molecules including Thy1, known as a lipid raft resident molecule in neurons, were confirmed by the EMARS method in living hippocampal slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.
| | - Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Yui Ida
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Rina Ito
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Miki Hashizume
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Arisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Makoto Seo
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 1 Sanzo, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Araki
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hojo
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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Nakano T, Inoue I, Takenaka Y, Ono H, Katayama S, Awata T, Murakoshi T. Ezetimibe Promotes Brush Border Membrane-to-Lumen Cholesterol Efflux in the Small Intestine. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152207. [PMID: 27023132 PMCID: PMC4811413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezetimibe inhibits Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1), an apical membrane cholesterol transporter of enterocytes, thereby reduces intestinal cholesterol absorption. This treatment also increases extrahepatic reverse cholesterol transport via an undefined mechanism. To explore this, we employed a trans-intestinal cholesterol efflux (TICE) assay, which directly detects circulation-to-intestinal lumen 3H-cholesterol transit in a cannulated jejunal segment, and found an increase of TICE by 45%. To examine whether such increase in efflux occurs at the intestinal brush border membrane(BBM)-level, we performed luminal perfusion assays, similar to TICE but the jejunal wall was labelled with orally-given 3H-cholesterol, and determined elevated BBM-to-lumen cholesterol efflux by 3.5-fold with ezetimibe. Such increased efflux probably promotes circulation-to-lumen cholesterol transit eventually; thus increases TICE. Next, we wondered how inhibition of NPC1L1, an influx transporter, resulted in increased efflux. When we traced orally-given 3H-cholesterol in mice, we found that lumen-to-BBM 3H-cholesterol transit was rapid and less sensitive to ezetimibe treatment. Comparison of the efflux and fractional cholesterol absorption revealed an inverse correlation, indicating the efflux as an opposite-regulatory factor for cholesterol absorption efficiency and counteracting to the naturally-occurring rapid cholesterol influx to the BBM. These suggest that the ezetimibe-stimulated increased efflux is crucial in reducing cholesterol absorption. Ezetimibe-induced increase in cholesterol efflux was approximately 2.5-fold greater in mice having endogenous ATP-binding cassette G5/G8 heterodimer, the major sterol efflux transporter of enterocytes, than the knockout counterparts, suggesting that the heterodimer confers additional rapid BBM-to-lumen cholesterol efflux in response to NPC1L1 inhibition. The observed framework for intestinal cholesterol fluxes may provide ways to modulate the flux to dispose of endogenous cholesterol efficiently for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Ikuo Inoue
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takenaka
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiraku Ono
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Katayama
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takuya Awata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara-shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
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15
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Murakoshi T, Osada Y. The effects of attentional capture on the target-present and target-absent trials in change blindness. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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16
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Ohshiro H, Kubota S, Murakoshi T. Dopaminergic modulation of oscillatory network inhibition in the rat basolateral amygdala depends on initial activity state. Neuropharmacology 2011; 61:857-66. [PMID: 21683087 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Revised: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The amygdala receives dopaminergic innervation, and dopamine (DA) enhances various activities in cognitive and emotional behaviors. Periodic bursts of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) with a low (<1 Hz) inter-event frequency have been observed in projection neurons of the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BL). Blockade of ionotropic glutamate receptors or GABA(A) receptors abolishes these oscillatory IPSC bursts in the BL, suggesting that the activity has a network origin. Here, we investigated dopaminergic modulation of the oscillatory network inhibition in rat brain slices. We evaluated the effects of DA receptor agonists and antagonists on the network inhibition; the resultant changes were quantified by integrated power spectral density (0.1-3.0 Hz). DA enhanced the power when its initial activity was low, but reduced it when the activity was initially robust. These changes in the power were accompanied by changes in burst IPSC amplitude. D1-like receptor agonist SKF 38393, or DA together with the D2-like receptor antagonist sulpiride, reproduced DA's facilitatory actions. D2-like receptor agonist quinpirole did not change the periodic IPSC burst activity of the high baseline power, though D(4) receptor agonist PD 168077, or DA together with the D1-like receptor antagonist SCH 23390, reduced its activity. These results suggest that: 1) dopaminergic modulation of the oscillatory network inhibition depends on its initial activity; and 2) facilitatory and suppressing effects of DA in the BL are mediated by D1-like receptors and D(4) receptors, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Ohshiro
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Nakano T, Matsui M, Inoue I, Awata T, Katayama S, Murakoshi T. Free immunoglobulin light chain: Its biology and implications in diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2011; 412:843-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Ishii K, Murakoshi T, Hayashi S, Saito M, Sago H, Takahashi Y, Sumie M, Nakata M, Matsushita M, Shinno T, Naruse H, Torii Y. Ultrasound predictors of mortality in monochorionic twins with selective intrauterine growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2011; 37:22-26. [PMID: 20878679 DOI: 10.1002/uog.8846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ultrasound assessment to predict risk of mortality in expectantly managed monochorionic twin fetuses with selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR). METHODS This was a retrospective study of 101 monochorionic twin pregnancies diagnosed with sIUGR before 26 weeks of gestation. All patients were under expectant management during the observation period. At the initial evaluation, the presence or absence of each of the following abnormalities was documented: oligohydramnios; stuck twin phenomenon; severe IUGR < 3(rd) centile of estimated fetal weight; abnormal Doppler in the umbilical artery; and polyhydramnios in the larger twin. The relationships between these ultrasound findings and mortality of sIUGR fetuses were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of 101 sIUGR twins, 22 (21.8%) fetuses suffered intrauterine demise and nine (8.9%) suffered neonatal death; 70 (69.3%) survived the neonatal period. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the stuck twin phenomenon (odds ratio (OR): 14.5; 95% CI: 2.2-93.2; P = 0.006) and constantly absent diastolic flow in the umbilical artery (OR: 29.4; 95% CI: 3.3-264.0; P = 0.003) were significant risk factors for mortality. CONCLUSIONS Not only abnormal Doppler flow in the umbilical artery but also severe oligohydramnios should be recognized as important indicators for mortality in monochorionic twins with sIUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ishii
- Division of Perinatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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Murakoshi T, Ishii K, Matsushita M, Shinno T, Naruse H, Torii Y. Monochorionic monoamniotic twin pregnancies with two yolk sacs may not be a rare finding: a report of two cases. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2010; 36:384-386. [PMID: 20533442 DOI: 10.1002/uog.7710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The exact determination of amnionicity is a major issue for the clinical management of monochorionic twin pregnancies, due to the high risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity in monochorionic monoamniotic (MCMA) twins. Counting the number of yolk sacs is believed to be a good indicator of amnionicity in the early first trimester, and it has previously been suggested that the number of yolk sacs is equal to amnionicity in both MCMA and monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies. However, the accuracy of the relationship between number of yolk sacs and amnionicity has recently been called into question. To the best of our knowledge, no previous reports have shown two yolk sacs in MCMA twin pregnancies. We report two cases of MCMA twins with two yolk sacs on first-trimester ultrasonography, and confirmed monoamnionicity in the second trimester showing umbilical cord entanglement. Postnatal examination showed an MCMA placenta in both cases, and entangled umbilical cords confirmed monoamnionicity. The possibility of monoamnionicity must still be suspected when two yolk sacs are detected early in the first trimester on ultrasound examination in monochorionic twin pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Murakoshi
- Division of Perinatology, Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, Maternal and Perinatal Care Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu City, Japan.
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20
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Murakoshi T, Osada Y. The effects of fixation and passive attention on the object recognition. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/9.8.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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21
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Murakoshi T, Osada Y. Does active attention affect the detection of the pop-out target? J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/2.7.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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22
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Ohshiro H, Song SY, Yanagawa Y, Murakoshi T. The property of GABAergic neurons in inhibitory network oscillation in the rat amygdala. Neurosci Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2010.07.2346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kanamaru T, Oshiro H, Song SY, Yanagawa Y, Matsuto T, Murakoshi T, Aihara K. Modeling study of synchronized inhibition in the amygdala using burstingneurons. Neurosci Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2010.07.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ito H, Nagano M, Suzuki H, Murakoshi T. Chronic stress enhances synaptic plasticity due to disinhibition in the anterior cingulate cortex and induces hyper-locomotion in mice. Neuropharmacology 2009; 58:746-57. [PMID: 20035774 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Revised: 12/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in the pathophysiology of a variety of mental disorders, many of which are exacerbated by stress. There are few studies, however, of stress-induced modification of synaptic function in the ACC that is relevant to emotional behavior. We investigated the effects of chronic restraint stress (CRS) on behavior and synaptic function in layers II/III of the ACC in mice. The duration of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) was longer in CRS mice than in control mice. The frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) recorded by whole-cell patch-clamping was reduced in CRS mice, while miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) remained unchanged. Paired-pulse ratios (PPRs) of the fEPSP and evoked EPSC were larger in CRS. There was no difference in NMDA component of evoked EPSCs between the groups. Both long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression of fEPSP were larger in CRS mice than in control mice. The differences between the groups in fEPSP duration, PPRs and LTP level were not observed when the GABA(A) receptor was blocked by bicuculline. Compared to control mice, CRS mice exhibited hyper-locomotive activity in an open field test, while no difference was observed between the groups in anxiety-like behavior in a light/dark choice test. CRS mice displayed decreased freezing behavior in fear conditioning tests compared to control mice. These findings suggest that CRS facilitates synaptic plasticity in the ACC via increased excitability due to disinhibition of GABA(A) receptor signalling, which may underlie induction of behavioral hyper-locomotive activity after CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ito
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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Yoshie M, Kudo K, Murakoshi T, Ohtsuki T. Music performance anxiety in skilled pianists: effects of social-evaluative performance situation on subjective, autonomic, and electromyographic reactions. Exp Brain Res 2009; 199:117-26. [PMID: 19701628 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-009-1979-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Accepted: 08/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Music performance anxiety (MPA), or stage fright in music performance, is a serious problem for many musicians, because performance impairment accompanied by MPA can threaten their career. The present study sought to clarify on how a social-evaluative performance situation affects subjective, autonomic, and motor stress responses in pianists. Measurements of subjective state anxiety, heart rate (HR), sweat rate (SR), and electromyographic (EMG) activity of upper extremity muscles were obtained while 18 skilled pianists performed a solo piano piece(s) of their choice under stressful (competition) and non-stressful (rehearsal) conditions. Participants reported greater anxiety in the competition condition, which confirmed the effectiveness of stress manipulation. The HR and SR considerably increased from the rehearsal to competition condition reflecting the activation of sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. Furthermore, participants showed higher levels of the EMG magnitude of proximal muscles (biceps brachii and upper trapezius) and the co-contraction of antagonistic muscles in the forearm (extensor digitorum communis and flexor digitorum superficialis) in the competition condition. Although these responses can be interpreted as integral components of an adaptive biological system that creates a state of motor readiness in an unstable or unpredictable environment, they can adversely influence pianists by disrupting their fine motor control on stage and by increasing the risk of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Yoshie
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
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Murakoshi T, Quintero RA, Bornick PW, Allen MH. In vivoendoscopic assessment of arterioarterial anastomoses: insight into their hemodynamic function. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2009; 14:247-55. [PMID: 14738171 DOI: 10.1080/jmf.14.4.247.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess endoscopically the hemodynamic function of arterioarterial (AA) anastomoses in twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) and monochorionic selective intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). MATERIALS AND METHODS The videotapes of TTTS and IUGR patients undergoing laser surgery between July 1997 and December 2001 were reviewed for the presence of AA anastomoses. The hemodynamic equator was defined as the site within the AA anastomosis with color flashing. AA anastomoses were classified as having unidirectional flow, having bi-directional flow, or being non-functional, depending on whether the hemodynamic equator reached a returning vein to one, both, or neither twin, respectively. TTTS was classified in stages as previously described. RESULTS AA anastomoses were present in 35/183 (19.1%) of TTTS and in 12/24 (50%) IUGR patients. Of these, the hemodynamic equator was visible in 8/35 (22.8%) TTTS patients (all in stage III, and mostly in atypical stage III) and in 6/12 (50%) IUGR patients (overall 14/47, 29.8%). Of the 14 patients with a visible hemodynamic equator, 13 (92.8%) AA anastomoses showed unidirectional (9/13, 69.2% from the smaller to the larger twin) flow, and only 1/14 (7.1%) showed bi-directional flow. CONCLUSION The hemodynamic equator is visible in approximately 30% of patients with AA anastomoses. Within this group, most AA anastomoses behave as functional arteriovenous anastomoses, and the direction of flow can be from the smaller to the larger twin or vice versa. The data suggest a correlation between sonographic findings and placental vascular design, also implying possible interfetal oxygenation differences. Further assessment of the functional behavior of AA anastomoses is warranted to understand the pathophysiology of TTTS and selective IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Murakoshi
- Florida Institute for Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, St. Joseph's Women's Hospital, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Kanamaru T, Oshiro H, Matsuto T, Murakoshi T, Aihara K. Modeling study of synchronized inhibition in the amygdala. Neurosci Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2009.09.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ohshiro H, Murakoshi T. Receptor subtype analysis of dopaminergic modulation of inhibitory network oscillation in the rat amygdala. Neurosci Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2009.09.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ito H, Nagano M, Suzuki H, Murakoshi T. Hyperlocomotion and elevated synaptic plasticity in the anterior cingulate cortex in mice after chronic restraint stress. Neurosci Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2009.09.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Murakoshi T, Ishii K, Nakata M, Sago H, Hayashi S, Takahashi Y, Murotsuki J, Matsushita M, Shinno T, Naruse H, Torii Y. Validation of Quintero stage III sub-classification for twin-twin transfusion syndrome based on visibility of donor bladder: characteristic differences in pathophysiology and prognosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008; 32:813-818. [PMID: 18956440 DOI: 10.1002/uog.6226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the Quintero stage III subclassification for twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) based on visibility of the bladder of the donor twin. METHODS Between July 2002 and August 2006, there were 131 pregnant Japanese women affected by severe TTTS before 26 weeks' gestation, treated with fetoscopic laser surgery at five centers in Japan, whose pregnancies continued beyond 22 weeks. Outcome data were available in all cases and surviving infants were followed up for at least 6 years. This study focused on the Stage III TTTS patients. These were subclassified into Stage III atypical (abnormal Doppler flow with visible donor bladder) and Stage III classical (abnormal Doppler flow with non-visible donor bladder) groups. Perioperative data and postnatal outcomes were compared between the groups. RESULTS Seven Stage I, 22 Stage II, 82 Stage III and 20 Stage IV pregnancies continued beyond 22 weeks. There was a significantly higher incidence of absent or reversed end-diastolic velocity in the umbilical artery (UA-AREDV) of the donor in Stage III atypical than in Stage III classical patients (83.8% vs. 53.3%, P = 0.004). Stage III atypical cases also had a significantly higher incidence of arterioarterial (AA) anastomoses (72.9% vs. 17.8%, P < 0.001) and intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) of the donor (43.2% vs. 13.3%, P = 0.002). However, there were no differences in overall survival or in abnormal brain scans of surviving infants. Donors with both UA-AREDV and AA anastomoses had a significantly higher incidence of IUFD compared with the others (53.3%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Quintero stage III atypical was characterized by a high incidence of AA anastomoses and UA-AREDV of the donor, resulting in IUFD. Subclassification of Stage III based on visibility of the bladder of the donor twin was adequate for and compatible with differentiating prognosis and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Murakoshi
- Division of Perinatology, Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, Maternal and Perinatal Care Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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Murakoshi T, Osada Y. The effects of active attention on the change detection task. J Vis 2008. [DOI: 10.1167/8.6.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Koshiishi T, Osada H, Hata A, Furugen Y, Murakoshi T, Mitsuhashi N. Prenatal rupture of right ventricular diverticulum: a case report and review of the literature. Prenat Diagn 2007; 27:1154-7. [PMID: 17787028 DOI: 10.1002/pd.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Osanai M, Saegusa H, Kazuno AA, Nagayama S, Hu Q, Zong S, Murakoshi T, Tanabe T. Altered cerebellar function in mice lacking CaV2.3 Ca2+ channel. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 344:920-5. [PMID: 16631598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.03.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2006] [Accepted: 03/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels play important roles in cerebellar functions including motor coordination and learning. Since abundant expression of Ca(V)2.3 Ca(2+) channel gene in the cerebellum was detected, we searched for possible deficits in the cerebellar functions in the Ca(V)2.3 mutant mice. Behavioral analysis detected in delayed motor learning in rotarod tests in mice heterozygous and homozygous for the Ca(V)2.3 gene disruption (Ca(V)2.3+/- and Ca(V)2.3-/-, respectively). Electrophysiological analysis of mutant mice revealed perplexing results: deficit in long-term depression (LTD) at the parallel fiber Purkinje cell synapse in Ca(V)2.3+/- mice but apparently normal LTD in Ca(V)2.3-/- mice. On the other hand, the number of spikes evoked by current injection in Purkinje cells under the current-clamp mode decreased in Ca(V)2.3 mutant mice in a gene dosage-dependent manner, suggesting that Ca(V)2.3 channel contributed to spike generation in Purkinje cells. Thus, Ca(V)2.3 channel seems to play some roles in cerebellar functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Osanai
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
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Saitow F, Murakoshi T, Suzuki H, Konishi S. Metabotropic P2Y purinoceptor-mediated presynaptic and postsynaptic enhancement of cerebellar GABAergic transmission. J Neurosci 2005; 25:2108-16. [PMID: 15728851 PMCID: PMC6726053 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4254-04.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2004] [Revised: 01/18/2005] [Accepted: 01/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar GABAergic inhibitory transmission is under heterosynaptic control mediated by diverse chemical messengers. Here, we investigated roles of metabotropic P2Y purinoceptors (P2YRs) on GABAergic synapses between cerebellar interneurons and Purkinje cells (PCs). Activation of P2Y purinoceptors by two selective agonists, ADP and 2-methylthio-ADP (2MeSADP), elicited two distinct forms of synaptic plasticity of GABAergic transmission in the cerebellar cortex. First, the two agonists induced long-lasting enhancement of stimulation-evoked GABAergic IPSCs as well as GABA(A) receptor currents in PCs. This effect was completely abolished by intracellular infusion of the Ca2+-chelating agent BAPTA. Measurements of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) dynamics showed that puff application of 2MeSADP produced an increase in [Ca2+]i of PCs and that this increase persisted in an external Ca2+-deficient medium. These results suggest that P2Y activation postsynaptically elicits long-term enhancement of GABA(A) receptor sensitivity of PCs through a Gq-mediated increase in [Ca2+]i. The other action of P2YR agonists on cerebellar GABAergic synapses was that they produced a short-term increase in the frequency and the amplitude of spontaneous GABAA receptor-mediated IPSCs in PCs in a manner sensitive to a P2Y1R antagonist, N6-methyl 2'-deoxyadenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate. This action appeared to be attributable to an excitability increase in presynaptic GABAergic interneurons, because ADP excited all Lugaro cells examined and some of interneurons in the molecular layer. These results suggest that activation of cerebellar P2Y purinoceptors leads to modulation of GABAergic transmission in different spatial and temporal domains, namely short-term and long-term plasticity through presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms at interneuron-->PC inhibitory synapses in the rat cerebellar cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihito Saitow
- Department of Pharmacology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
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Murakoshi T, Nagano M, Suzuki H. Research on fear/anxiety. J NIPPON MED SCH 2004; 71:82-3. [PMID: 15260079 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.71.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Takei T, Saegusa H, Zong S, Murakoshi T, Makita K, Tanabe T. Increased sensitivity to halothane but decreased sensitivity to propofol in mice lacking the N-type Ca2+ channel. Neurosci Lett 2003; 350:41-5. [PMID: 12962913 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00634-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Volatile anesthetics are known to depress excitatory synaptic transmission. Inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels is speculated to underlie this mechanism, which remains to be clarified in vivo. We examined the sensitivity to halothane in mice lacking the N-type Ca2+ channel, a major contributor of presynaptic neurotransmitter release. Sensitivity to halothane was significantly increased in the knockout mice compared with the wild-type littermates. Halothane also depressed field excitatory postsynaptic potentials recorded from the Schaffer collateral-CA1 hippocampal synapses more greatly in the knockout mice. We further examined sleep time induced by injection of propofol, an intravenous anesthetic that mainly affects inhibitory synaptic transmission. In contrast, sensitivity to propofol was significantly decreased in the knockout mice. We suggest that inhibition of the N-type Ca2+ channel underlies mechanisms of halothane anesthesia but counteracts propofol anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiro Takei
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
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Takei T, Saegusa H, Zong S, Murakoshi T, Makita K, Tanabe T. Anesthetic sensitivities to propofol and halothane in mice lacking the R-type (Cav2.3) Ca2+ channel. Anesth Analg 2003; 97:96-103, table of contents. [PMID: 12818950 DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000065548.83253.5c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Because inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels can be a mechanism underlying general anesthesia, we examined sensitivities to propofol and halothane in mice lacking the R-type (Ca(v)2.3) channel widely expressed in neurons. Sleep time after propofol injection (26 mg/kg IV) and halothane MAC(RR) and MAC (50% effective concentrations for the loss of the righting reflex and for the tail pinch/withdrawal response, respectively) were determined. Significantly shorter propofol-induced sleep time (291.6 +/- 16.8 s versus 344.4 +/- 12.1 s) and larger halothane MAC(RR) (1.11% +/- 0.04% versus 0.98% +/- 0.03%) were observed in Ca(v)2.3 channel knockouts (Ca(v)2.3(-/-)) than in wild-type (Ca(v)2.3(+/+)) litter mates. To investigate the basis of the decreased anesthetic sensitivities in vivo, field excitatory postsynaptic potentials and population spikes (PSs) were recorded from Schaffer collateral CA1 synapses in hippocampal slices. Propofol (10-30 micro M) inhibited PSs by potentiating gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic inhibition, and this potentiation was markedly smaller at 30 micro M in Ca(v)2.3(-/-) mice, possibly accounting for the decreased propofol sensitivity in vivo. Halothane (1.4%-2.2%) inhibited field excitatory postsynaptic potentials similarly in both genotypes, whereas 1%-2% halothane depressed PSs more in Ca(v)2.3(-/-) mice, suggesting the postsynaptic role of the R-type channel in the propagation of excitation and other mechanisms underlying the increased halothane MAC(RR) in Ca(v)2.3(-/-) mice. IMPLICATIONS Because inhibition of neuronal Ca(2+) currents can be a mechanism underlying general anesthesia, we examined anesthetic sensitivities in mice lacking the R-type (Ca(v)2.3) Ca(2+) channels both in vivo and in hippocampal slices. Decreased sensitivities in mutant mice imply a possibility that agents blocking this channel may increase the requirements of anesthetics/hypnotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiro Takei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
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Sakata Y, Saegusa H, Zong S, Osanai M, Murakoshi T, Shimizu Y, Noda T, Aso T, Tanabe T. Ca(v)2.3 (alpha1E) Ca2+ channel participates in the control of sperm function. FEBS Lett 2002; 516:229-33. [PMID: 11959138 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(02)02529-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To know the function of the Ca2+ channel containing alpha(1)2.3 (alpha1E) subunit (Ca(v)2.3 channel) in spermatozoa, we analyzed Ca2+ transients and sperm motility using a mouse strain lacking Ca(v)2.3 channel. The averaged rising rates of Ca2+ transients induced by alpha-D-mannose-bovine serum albumin in the head region of Ca(v)2.3-/- sperm were significantly lower than those of Ca(v)2.3+/+ sperm. A computer-assisted sperm motility assay revealed that straight-line velocity and linearity were greater in Ca(v)2.3-/- sperm than those in Ca(v)2.3+/+ sperm. These results suggest that the Ca(v)2.3 channel plays some roles in Ca2+ transients and the control of flagellar movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sakata
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519, Tokyo, Japan
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Tsunemi T, Saegusa H, Ishikawa K, Nagayama S, Murakoshi T, Mizusawa H, Tanabe T. Novel Cav2.1 splice variants isolated from Purkinje cells do not generate P-type Ca2+ current. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:7214-21. [PMID: 11756409 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m108222200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The alpha(1)2.1 (alpha(1A)) subunits of P-type and Q-type Ca(2+) channels are encoded by a single gene, Cacna1a. Although these channels differ in the inactivation kinetics and sensitivity to omega-agatoxin IVA, the mechanism underlying these differences remains to be clarified. Alternative splicings of the Cacna1a transcript have been postulated to contribute to the respective properties, however, the splice variants responsible for P-type Ca(2+) channels have not been identified. To explore P-type-specific splice variants, we aimed at cloning alpha(1)2.1 from isolated mouse Purkinje cells using single-cell reverse transcription-PCR, because in Purkinje cells P-type currents dominate over the whole currents (>95%) with Q-type currents undetected. As a result, two novel splice variants were cloned. Compared with the previously cloned mouse alpha(1)2.1, two novel variants had additional 48 amino acids at the amino termini, six single amino acid changes, and splicing variations at the exon 46/47 boundary, which produced different carboxyl termini. Furthermore, one variant had one RNA editing site. However, electrophysiological and pharmacological studies indicated that these variants did not generate P-type current in cultured cells. These results suggest that P-type-specific splice variants may exist but that post-translational processing or modification by uncharacterized interacting proteins is also required for generating the P-type current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Tsunemi
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
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Toriyama H, Wang L, Saegusa H, Zong S, Osanai M, Murakoshi T, Noda T, Ohno K, Tanabe T. Role of Ca(v) 2.3 (alpha1E ) Ca2+ channel in ischemic neuronal injury. Neuroreport 2002; 13:261-5. [PMID: 11893922 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-200202110-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the role of the Ca(v)2.3 (alpha1E) channel in ischemic neuronal injury using Ca(v)2.3 mutant mice. In focal ischemia model with a complete occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in vivo, infarct at 24 h was significantly larger in Ca(v)2.3 mutant mice compared with that in wild-type controls. In vitro Ca2+ imaging studies using hippocampal slices revealed that oxygen-glucose deprivation induced a [Ca2+]i increase in the hippocampal CA1 region more vigorously in Ca(v)2.3 mutant mice than in wild-type controls, and that tetrodotoxin or bicuculline application abolished the difference between the genotypes. These results suggest that the Ca(v)2.3 channel plays a protective role in ischemic neuronal injury by a mechanism in which GABAergic neuronal actions are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Toriyama
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Sakata Y, Saegusa H, Zong S, Osanai M, Murakoshi T, Shimizu Y, Noda T, Aso T, Tanabe T. Analysis of Ca(2+) currents in spermatocytes from mice lacking Ca(v)2.3 (alpha(1E)) Ca(2+) channel. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 288:1032-6. [PMID: 11689014 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian male germ-line cells, low-voltage-activated (LVA) Ca(2+) current has been identified and its electrophysiological properties have been studied. To investigate whether alpha(1)2.3 (alpha(1E)) subunit of the voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel codes for the LVA current, whole-cell patch clamp and following reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) experiments were performed in pachytene spermatocytes from Ca(v)2.3+/+ and Ca(v)2.3-/- mice. Whole-cell current in acutely dissociated pachytene spermatocytes from Ca(v)2.3+/+ and Ca(v)2.3-/- mice displayed a typical profile of LVA Ca(2+) currents and kinetics with no significant differences. Single-cell RT-PCR revealed the expression of Cacna1g in the pachytene spermatocytes from Ca(v)2.3+/+ and Ca(v)2.3-/- mice in which LVA Ca(2+) currents were actually recorded. These results suggest that the Ca(v)2.3 channel makes no detectable contribution to the LVA Ca(2+) current in the pachytene spermatocyte. Instead, Ca(v)3 family such as Ca(v)3.1 may be the likely candidates responsible for the LVA currents in pachytene spermatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sakata
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
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Murakoshi T, Song SY, Konishi S, Tanabe T. Multiple G-protein-coupled receptors mediate presynaptic inhibition at single excitatory synapses in the rat visual cortex. Neurosci Lett 2001; 309:117-20. [PMID: 11502359 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission by agonists for several neurotransmitter receptors was investigated at intrinsic cortical synapses derived from single presynaptic neurons. Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) were recorded from layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the rat visual cortex in response to minimal stimulation within the same layer. 5-hydroxytryptamine, adenosine, baclofen, carbachol and DCG-IV all suppressed EPSCs with an increase in paired-pulse ratio. These agonists reduced the frequency of miniature EPSCs without significantly affecting their amplitude distribution. These results suggest that glutamatergic excitatory transmission in the neocortex is under the control of presynaptic inhibition mediated by multiple neuromodulator receptors co-expressed in single presynaptic terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Murakoshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical & Dental University and CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology Corporation), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
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Kubota M, Murakoshi T, Saegusa H, Kazuno A, Zong S, Hu Q, Noda T, Tanabe T. Intact LTP and fear memory but impaired spatial memory in mice lacking Ca(v)2.3 (alpha(IE)) channel. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 282:242-8. [PMID: 11263998 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the functional roles of the Ca(v)2.3 (alpha(1E)) channel in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, we studied in vitro synaptic properties and in vivo behaviors of the Ca(v)2.3 gene deficient mice. The Ca(v)2.3 channel mRNA was identified in the hippocampal formation of the wild-type mouse by in situ hybridization. The basic excitatory synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation by theta-burst stimulation were intact in CA1 region of Ca(v)2.3-/- mice. We performed two forms of behavioral tests to examine the hippocampus-dependent function, i.e., emotional and spatial learning tests. The Ca(v)2.3-/- mice were able to establish and maintain fear memories. Although general improvement in the performance of Morris water maze test was seen in Ca(v)2.3-/- mice, they displayed an obvious impairment in the probe test. These results suggest that the Ca(v)2.3 channel plays some role in formation of the accurate spatial memory but not of the fear memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kubota
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Murakoshi T, Yamamori K, Tojo Y, Naruse H, Seguchi M, Torii Y, Maeda K. Pulmonary stenosis in recipient twins in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: report on 3 cases and review of literature. Croat Med J 2000; 41:252-6. [PMID: 10962042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This report describes 3 cases of pulmonary stenosis in the recipient twin in twin-twin transfusion syndrome. Fetal echocardiography showed cardiomegaly, tricuspid valve regurgitation, and increased reverse flow in the inferior vena cava, as signs of congestive heart failure in all 3 cases. We diagnosed 2 cases of pulmonary stenosis by fetal echocardiography prenatally and confirmed our findings in all 3 cases postnatally. Two cases underwent postnatal balloon valvuloplasty to release the pulmonary valvular stenosis in neonatal period. The third one died soon after delivery and autopsy showed a slightly thickened pulmonary valve. One of the cases was diagnosed in the early second trimester (20 weeks of pregnancy), the earliest detection of fetal pulmonary stenosis reported in literature. The presence of high peak velocity of the pulmonary artery at 20 weeks of pregnancy preceded the development of pulmonary stenosis in this case. This supports the hypothesis that alterations in fetal hemodynamics may result in structural cardiac abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Murakoshi
- Division of Obstetrics, Maternal and Perinatal, Care Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12, Sumiyoshi, Hamamatsu City 430-8558, Japan.
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Yamamoto N, Utsu M, Serizawa M, Ohki S, Murakoshi T, Seguchi M, Iwase K, Maeda K. Neonatal periventricular leukomalacia preceded by fetal periventricular echodensity. Fetal Diagn Ther 2000; 15:198-208. [PMID: 10867479 DOI: 10.1159/000021006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this prospective study is to verify whether fetal periventricular echodensity (PVE) precedes neonatal periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). METHODS Fetal brains were studied with transvaginal scan in 63 high-risk fetuses from 17 to 32 weeks of pregnancy, PVE echogenicity was quantified with ultrasonic histogram, and neonatal brains and clinical courses were studied after birth. RESULTS No fetal cystic PVL was found, instead, fetal PVE was detected in 42 fetuses. The quantified echogenicity value was higher in PVE than in normal brain. Four cases developed neonatal PVL among 28 preterm and 1 among 14 term births. Neonatal PVL developed in the 23 cases of persistent fetal PVE, whereas no neonatal PVL was found when fetal PVE was negative or disappeared. Cord compression signs were common in PVL cases. CONCLUSION Neonatal PVL was preceded by antepartum persistent fetal PVE in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yamamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seirei Mikatahara Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Toru S, Murakoshi T, Ishikawa K, Saegusa H, Fujigasaki H, Uchihara T, Nagayama S, Osanai M, Mizusawa H, Tanabe T. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 mutation alters P-type calcium channel function. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:10893-8. [PMID: 10753886 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.15.10893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal CAG repeat expansion in the alpha1A voltage-dependent calcium channel gene is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, an autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia with a predominant loss of the Purkinje cell. A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of mRNA from mouse Purkinje cells revealed a predominant expression of the alpha1A channel lacking an asparagine-proline (NP) stretch in the domain IV (alpha1A(-NP)). Human alpha1A channels carrying various polyglutamine length with or without NP were expressed in HEK293 cells, and channel properties were compared using a whole-cell voltage clamp technique. alpha1A(-NP), corresponding to P-type channel, with 24 and 28 polyglutamines found in patients showed the voltage dependence of inactivation shifting negatively by 6 and 11 mV, respectively, from the 13 polyglutamine control. Contrarily, the alpha1A channel with NP (alpha1A(+NP)), corresponding to Q-type channel, with 28 polyglutamines exhibited a positive shift of 5 mV. These results suggest that altered function of alpha1A(-NP) may contribute to degeneration of Purkinje cells, which express predominantly alpha1A(-NP), due to the reduced Ca(2+) influx resulting from the negative shift of voltage-dependent inactivation. On the other hand, other types of neurons, expressing both alpha1A(-NP) and alpha1A(+NP), may survive because the positive shift of voltage-dependent inactivation of alpha1A(+NP) compensates Ca(2+) influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Toru
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Japan
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47
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Endoh M, Suzuki Y, Nakayama S, Murakoshi T, Saitoh I. [A case of successful palliative operation of asplenia syndrome with total anomalous pulmonary venous return in young infant]. Kyobu Geka 1999; 52:860-3. [PMID: 10478551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
We reported a successful palliative operation for asplenia syndrome with total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR Ia) in an infant. The boy was suffering from cyanosis and tachypnea. He was diagnosed as asplenia syndrome with TAPVR and hiatus hernia. After he was admitted to our hospital, pulmonary congestion gradually progressed in a month. At 58 days of age, a palliative operation (repair of TAPVR and pulmonary artery banding with band of 20 mm in length) was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful. At 114 days of age, he underwent curative operation for hiatus hernia without cardiac failure. Postoperative cardiac catheterization at 179 days of age showed appropriate pulmonary artery pressure. We emphasize that pulmonary artery banding which is tighter than usual well controls pulmonary blood flow, although the length of the band in each case should be considered individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Endoh
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hachiouji Children's Hospital, Japan
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48
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Tsukamoto T, Shibagaki Y, Murakoshi T, Suzuki M, Nakamura A, Gotoh H, Mizumoto K. Cloning and characterization of two human cDNAs encoding the mRNA capping enzyme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 243:101-8. [PMID: 9473487 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.8038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that the mammalian mRNA capping enzyme is a bifunctional enzyme containing RNA 5'-triphosphatase and mRNA guanylyl-transferase activities in a single polypeptide. In yeast, both the above activities are separated into two different subunits, alpha and beta, the genes for which we have cloned recently. It is thus interesting to compare the structural and functional relationships between the mammalian and yeast capping enzymes. Here we isolated two human cDNAs encoding mRNA capping enzymes termed hCAP1a and hCAP1b which encode 597 and 541 amino acids, respectively. They are different only at the region coding for the C-terminal portion of the enzyme. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences with other cellular and viral capping enzymes showed that all the regions conserved among mRNA guanylyltransferases are observed in our clones except one conserved C-terminal region which was absent in the hCAP1b protein. The purified recombinant hCAP1a gene product, hCAP1a, exhibited both RNA 5'-triphosphatase and mRNA guanylyltransferase activities. Deletion mutant analysis of hCAP1a showed that the N-terminal 213 amino acid fragment containing a tyrosine specific protein phosphatase motif catalyzed the RNA 5'-triphosphatase activity and the C-terminal 369 amino acid fragment exhibited the mRNA guanylyltransferase activity. On the other hand, hCAP1b showed RNA 5'-triphosphatase activity, but neither enzyme-GMP covalent complex formation nor cap structure formation was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tsukamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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Tsukamoto T, Shibagaki Y, Imajoh-Ohmi S, Murakoshi T, Suzuki M, Nakamura A, Gotoh H, Mizumoto K. Isolation and characterization of the yeast mRNA capping enzyme beta subunit gene encoding RNA 5'-triphosphatase, which is essential for cell viability. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997; 239:116-22. [PMID: 9345280 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae mRNA capping enzyme is composed of two subunits of alpha (52 kDa, mRNA guanylyltransferase) and beta (80 kDa, RNA 5'-triphosphatase). We have isolated the alpha subunit gene (CEG1) by immunological screening. In this report, with the aid of partial amino acid sequences of purified yeast capping enzyme, we isolated the gene, designated CET1, encoding the S. cerevisiae capping enzyme beta subunit. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the gene encodes for 549 amino acids with a calculated M(r) of 61,800 which is unexpectedly smaller than the size estimated by SDS-PAGE. Gene disruption experiment showed that CET1 is essential for yeast cell growth. The purified recombinant CET1 gene product, Cet1, exhibited an RNA 5'-triphosphatase activity which specifically removed the gamma-phosphate from the triphosphate-terminated RNA substrate, but not from nucleoside triphosphates, confirming the identity of the gene. Interaction between the Cet1 and the Ceg1 was also studied by the West-Western procedure using recombinant Ceg1-[32P]GMP as probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tsukamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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Urayama O, Murakoshi T, Kubota M, Hara Y, Chihara J, Ikawa Y. Coincident induction of K rev-1/rap 1A, rap 1B and H-ras mRNAs in the rat spinal cord by noxious stimulation. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1997; 45:331-4. [PMID: 9149109 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(97)00024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Two cDNA fragments, K rev-1/rap 1A and rap 1B, were amplified from total cellular RNA of the rat spinal cord by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with a set of oligonucleotide primers specific for the human rap 1A cDNA. We report here using Northern blot analysis with these cDNA probes that noxious stimulation causes a marked and coincident increase in rap 1A, rap 1B and H-ras mRNAs in the rat spinal cord. This suggests that Rap 1 participates in sensory processing in spinal neurons in parallel with Ras.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Urayama
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan
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