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Blanco CM, de Souza HADS, Martins PDC, Almeida-Silva J, Suarez-Fontes AM, Chaves YO, Vannier-Santos MA, Pratt-Riccio LR, Daniel-Ribeiro CT, Lopes SCP, Totino PRR. Cell Death of P. vivax Blood Stages Occurs in Absence of Classical Apoptotic Events and Induces Eryptosis of Parasitized Host Cells. Pathogens 2024; 13:673. [PMID: 39204273 PMCID: PMC11357032 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Elucidation of pathways regulating parasite cell death is believed to contribute to identification of novel therapeutic targets for protozoan diseases, and in this context, apoptosis-like cell death has been reported in different groups of protozoa, in which metacaspases seem to play a role. In the genus Plasmodium, apoptotic markers have been detected in P. falciparum and P. berghei, and no study focusing on P. vivax cell death has been reported so far. In the present study, we investigated the susceptibility of P. vivax to undergo apoptotic cell death after incubating mature trophozoites with the classical apoptosis inducer staurosporine. As assessed by flow cytometry assays, staurosporine inhibited parasite intraerythrocytic development, which was accompanied by a decrease in cell viability, evidenced by reduced plasmodial mitochondrial activity. However, typical signs of apoptosis, such as DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and nuclear segregation, were not detected in the parasites induced to cell death, and no significant alteration in metacaspase gene expression (PvMCA1) was observed under cell death stimulus. Interestingly, dying parasites positively modulated cell death (eryptosis) of host erythrocytes, which was marked by externalization of phosphatidylserine and cell shrinkage. Our study shows for the time that P. vivax blood stages may not be susceptible to apoptosis-like processes, while they could trigger eryptosis of parasitized cells by undergoing cell death. Further studies are required to elucidate the cellular machinery involved in cell death of P. vivax parasites as well as in the modulation of host cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Moreira Blanco
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
| | - Hugo Amorim dos Santos de Souza
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
| | - Priscilla da Costa Martins
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
| | - Juliana Almeida-Silva
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapia, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (J.A.-S.); (M.A.V.-S.)
| | - Ana Marcia Suarez-Fontes
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapia, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (J.A.-S.); (M.A.V.-S.)
| | - Yury Oliveira Chaves
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus 69057-070, Brazil; (Y.O.C.); (S.C.P.L.)
| | - Marcos André Vannier-Santos
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapia, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (J.A.-S.); (M.A.V.-S.)
| | - Lilian Rose Pratt-Riccio
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
| | - Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
| | - Stefanie Costa Pinto Lopes
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus 69057-070, Brazil; (Y.O.C.); (S.C.P.L.)
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Renato Rivas Totino
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
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Littleflower AB, Antony GR, Parambil ST, Subhadradevi L. Metabolic Phenotype Intricacies on Altered Glucose Metabolism of Breast Cancer Cells upon Glut-1 Inhibition and Mimic Hypoxia In Vitro. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:5838-5854. [PMID: 36708494 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cancer death among women. The growing tumour of the breast is composed of both normoxic and hypoxic cells, and the heterogeneity of tumour affects the targeted treatment strategies against breast cancer. The functional and therapeutic status of the Warburg effect is mostly recognized, and the genes involved in glycolysis have become a target for anticancer therapeutic strategies. Glut-1 is essential for basal glucose uptake among the glucose transporters and could act as a potential target for anticancer therapy. In the present study, we explored the alteration in the metabolic phenotype of SKBR-3 cells, representing HER-2 overexpressed breast cancer cell line, with Glut-1 inhibition by a synthetic small molecule inhibitor WZB117 in the presence or absence of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) induced biochemical hypoxia in vitro. We found that WZB117 and CoCl2 in combination could inhibit metabolic phenotype characteristics such as glucose uptake, cell migration, lactate and ATP production in SKBR-3 cells. Also, Glut-1 inhibition induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G0-G1 phase even under CoCl2-induced mimic hypoxia. Our findings suggest that Glut-1 inhibition by WZB117 could overcome the protective effect of CoCl2 mimic hypoxia by regulating glycolysis and altering the metabolic phenotype of breast cancer cells. The considering excellent efficacy and minimal toxicity suggest that WZB117 may be a promising anticancer drug to the current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeesh Babu Littleflower
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695011, India
| | - Gisha Rose Antony
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695011, India
| | - Sulfath Thottungal Parambil
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695011, India
| | - Lakshmi Subhadradevi
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695011, India.
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3
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Zeng Y, Zheng Y, Zhang T, Ye F, Zhan L, Kou Z, Zhu S, Gao Z. Identification of a Subtype-Selective Allosteric Inhibitor of GluN1/GluN3 NMDA Receptors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:888308. [PMID: 35754487 PMCID: PMC9218946 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.888308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are Ca2+-permeable ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) in the central nervous system and play important roles in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. Conventional NMDARs, which typically comprise GluN1 and GluN2 subunits, have different biophysical properties than GluN3-containing NMDARs: GluN3-containing NMDARs have smaller unitary conductance, less Ca2+-permeability and lower Mg2+-sensitivity than those of conventional NMDARs. However, there are very few specific modulators for GluN3-containing NMDARs. Here, we developed a cell-based high-throughput calcium assay and identified 3-fluoro-1,2-phenylene bis (3-hydroxybenzoate) (WZB117) as a relatively selective inhibitor of GluN1/GluN3 receptors. The IC50 value of WZB117 on GluN1/GluN3A receptors expressed in HEK-293 cells was 1.15 ± 0.34 μM. Consistently, WZB117 exhibited strong inhibitory activity against glycine-induced currents in the presence of CGP-78608 but only slightly affected the NMDA-, KA- and AMPA-induced currents in the acutely isolated rat hippocampal neurons. Among the four types of endogenous currents, only the first one is primarily mediated by GluN1/GluN3 receptors. Mechanistic studies showed that WZB117 inhibited the GluN1/GluN3A receptors in a glycine-, voltage- and pH-independent manner, suggesting it is an allosteric modulator. Site-directed mutagenesis and chimera construction further revealed that WZB117 may act on the GluN3A pre-M1 region with key determinants different from those of previously identified modulators. Together, our study developed an efficient method to discover modulators of GluN3-containing NMDARs and characterized WZB117 as a novel allosteric inhibitor of GluN1/GluN3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zeng
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,College of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Zheng
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Ye
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhan
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengwei Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujia Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaobing Gao
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,College of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Zhongshan Institute of Drug Discovery, Institution for Drug Discovery Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, China
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4
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Amahong K, Yan M, Li J, Yang N, Liu H, Bi X, Vuitton DA, Lin R, Lü G. EgGLUT1 Is Crucial for the Viability of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto Metacestode: A New Therapeutic Target? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:747739. [PMID: 34858873 PMCID: PMC8632494 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.747739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by infection with the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) cluster. It is urgent to identify novel drug targets and develop new drug candidates against CE. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is mainly responsible for the transmembrane transport of glucose to maintain its constant cellular availability and is a recent research hotspot as a drug target in various diseases. However, the role of GLUT1 in E. granulosus s.l. (EgGLUT1) was unknown. In this study, we cloned a conserved GLUT1 homology gene (named EgGLUT1-ss) from E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) and found EgGLUT1-ss was crucial for glucose uptake and viability by the protoscoleces of E. granulosus s.s. WZB117, a GLUT1 inhibitor, inhibited glucose uptake by E. granulosus s.s. and the viability of the metacestode in vitro. In addition, WZB117 showed significant therapeutic activity in E. granulosus s.s.-infected mice: a 10 mg/kg dose of WZB117 significantly reduced the number and weight of parasite cysts (P < 0.05) as efficiently as the reference drug, albendazole. Our results demonstrate that EgGLUT1-ss is crucial for glucose uptake by the protoscoleces of E. granulosus s.s., and its inhibitor WZB117 has a therapeutic effect on CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuerbannisha Amahong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Mingzhi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jintian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaojuan Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Dominique A Vuitton
- French National Reference Centre for Echinococcosis, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Renyong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Prevention and Care Management of Echinococcosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Guodong Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Prevention and Care Management of Echinococcosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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5
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Nerlich C, Epalle NH, Seick P, Beitz E. Discovery and Development of Inhibitors of the Plasmodial FNT-Type Lactate Transporter as Novel Antimalarials. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1191. [PMID: 34832972 PMCID: PMC8624176 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium spp. malaria parasites in the blood stage draw energy from anaerobic glycolysis when multiplying in erythrocytes. They tap the ample glucose supply of the infected host using the erythrocyte glucose transporter 1, GLUT1, and a hexose transporter, HT, of the parasite's plasma membrane. Per glucose molecule, two lactate anions and two protons are generated as waste that need to be released rapidly from the parasite to prevent blockage of the energy metabolism and acidification of the cytoplasm. Recently, the missing Plasmodium lactate/H+ cotransporter was identified as a member of the exclusively microbial formate-nitrite transporter family, FNT. Screening of an antimalarial compound selection with unknown targets led to the discovery of specific and potent FNT-inhibitors, i.e., pentafluoro-3-hydroxy-pent-2-en-1-ones. Here, we summarize the discovery and further development of this novel class of antimalarials, their modes of binding and action, circumvention of a putative resistance mutation of the FNT target protein, and suitability for in vivo studies using animal malaria models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eric Beitz
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstr. 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (C.N.); (N.H.E.); (P.S.)
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6
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Lysophosphatidic acid promotes survival of T lymphoma cells by altering apoptosis and glucose metabolism. Apoptosis 2020; 25:135-150. [PMID: 31867678 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01585-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid, which plays an indispensable role in various physiological and pathological processes. Moreover, an elevated level of LPA has been observed in malignancies of different origins and implicated in their progression via modulation of proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. Interestingly, few recent reports suggest a pivotal role of LPA-modulated metabolism in oncogenesis of ovarian cancer. However, little is understood regarding the role of LPA in the development and progression of T cell malignancies, which are considered as one of the most challenging neoplasms for clinical management. Additionally, mechanisms underlying the LPA-dependent modulation of glucose metabolism in T cell lymphoma are also not known. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to explore the role of LPA-altered apoptosis and glucose metabolism on the survival of T lymphoma cells. Observations of this investigation suggest that LPA supports survival of T lymphoma cells via altering apoptosis and glucose metabolism through changing the level of reactive species, namely nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species along with expression of various survival and glucose metabolism regulatory molecules, including hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, p53, Bcl2, and glucose transporter 3, hexokinase II, pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 2, monocarboxylate transporter 1, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1. Taken together' the results of the present investigation decipher the novel mechanisms of LPA-mediated survival of T lymphoma cells via modulation of apoptosis and glucose metabolism.
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Guizouarn H, Allegrini B. Erythroid glucose transport in health and disease. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:1371-1383. [PMID: 32474749 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glucose transport is intimately linked to red blood cell physiology. Glucose is the unique energy source for these cells, and defects in glucose metabolism or transport activity are associated with impaired red blood cell morphology and deformability leading to reduced lifespan. In vertebrate erythrocytes, glucose transport is mediated by GLUT1 (in humans) or GLUT4 transporters. These proteins also account for dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) transport through erythrocyte membrane. The peculiarities of glucose transporters and the red blood cell pathologies involving GLUT1 are summarized in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Guizouarn
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, 28 av. Valrose, 06100, Nice, France.
| | - Benoit Allegrini
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, 28 av. Valrose, 06100, Nice, France
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8
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Correa R, Caballero Z, De León LF, Spadafora C. Extracellular Vesicles Could Carry an Evolutionary Footprint in Interkingdom Communication. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:76. [PMID: 32195195 PMCID: PMC7063102 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are minute particles secreted by the cells of living organisms. Although the functional role of EVs is not yet clear, recent work has highlighted their role in intercellular communication. Here, we expand on this view by suggesting that EVs can also mediate communication among interacting organisms such as hosts, pathogens and vectors. This inter-kingdom communication via EVs is likely to have important evolutionary consequences ranging from adaptation of parasites to specialized niches in the host, to host resistance and evolution and maintenance of parasite virulence and transmissibility. A potential system to explore these consequences is the interaction among the human host, the mosquito vector and Plasmodium parasite involved in the malaria disease. Indeed, recent studies have found that EVs derived from Plasmodium infected red blood cells in humans are likely mediating the parasite's transition from the asexual to sexual stage, which might facilitate transmission to the mosquito vector. However, more work is needed to establish the adaptive consequences of this EV signaling among different taxa. We suggest that an integrative molecular approach, including a comparative phylogenetic analysis of the molecules (e.g., proteins and nucleic acids) derived from the EVs of interacting organisms (and their closely-related species) in the malaria system will prove useful for understanding interkingdom communication. Such analyses will also shed light on the evolution and persistence of host, parasite and vector interactions, with implications for the control of vector borne infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Correa
- Center of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Cientificas y Servicios de Alta Tecnologia (INDICASAT AIP), Panama, Panama.,Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, India
| | - Zuleima Caballero
- Center of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Cientificas y Servicios de Alta Tecnologia (INDICASAT AIP), Panama, Panama
| | - Luis F De León
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carmenza Spadafora
- Center of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Cientificas y Servicios de Alta Tecnologia (INDICASAT AIP), Panama, Panama
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Abstract
Glucose addiction is observed in cancer and other diseases that are associated with hyperproliferation. The development of compounds that restrict glucose supply and decrease glycolysis has great potential for the development of new therapeutic approaches. Addressing facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs), which are often upregulated in glucose-dependent cells, is therefore of particular interest. This article reviews a selection of potent, isoform-selective GLUT inhibitors and their biological characterization. Potential therapeutic applications of GLUT inhibitors in oncology and other diseases that are linked to glucose addiction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena S. Reckzeh
- Department Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Department Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Strasse 4a44227DortmundGermany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Department Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Strasse 4a44227DortmundGermany
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10
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Ren Y, Shen HM. Critical role of AMPK in redox regulation under glucose starvation. Redox Biol 2019; 25:101154. [PMID: 30853530 PMCID: PMC6859544 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose starvation is one of the major forms of metabolic stress in cancer cells. Deprivation of glucose impairs glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, which elicits oxidative stress due to enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired antioxidant system, leading to redox imbalance and cell death. Under glucose starvation, the 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a critical role in maintaining redox homeostasis and cell survival via multiple pathways, such as regulation of fatty acid metabolism and antioxidant response. Convergence of ROS and the glucose metabolic pathway reveals novel molecular targets for the development of effective cancer therapeutic strategies. Interestingly, AMPK, along with its upstream kinase liver kinase B1 (LKB1), has been regarded to play a tumor suppressor role. However, emerging studies have provided novel insights into the pro-tumor survival function of the LKB1-AMPK pathway. Therefore, targeting metabolic and oxidative stress in cancer cells, with manipulation of AMPK activity, is a promising strategy in developing novel cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117593, Singapore.
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Simpfendorfer KR, Li W, Shih A, Wen H, Kothari HP, Einsidler EA, Wuster A, Hunkapiller J, Behrens TW, Graham RR, Townsend MJ, Behar DM, Hu R, Greenspan E, Gregersen PK. Influence of genetic copy number variants of the human GLUT3 glucose transporter gene SLC2A3 on protein expression, glycolysis and rheumatoid arthritis risk: A genetic replication study. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2019; 19:100470. [PMID: 30997344 PMCID: PMC6453668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2019.100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The gene encoding glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3, SLC2A3) is present in the human population at variable copy number. An overt disease phenotype of SLC2A3 copy number variants has not been reported; however, deletion of SLC2A3 has been previously reported to protect carriers from rheumatoid arthritis, implicating GLUT3 as a therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis. Here we aim to perform functional analysis of GLUT3 copy number variants in immune cells, and test the reported protective association of the GLUT3 copy number variants for rheumatoid arthritis in a genetic replication study. Methods Cells from genotyped healthy controls were analyzed for SLC2A3/GLUT3 expression and glycolysis capacity. We genotyped the SLC2A3 copy number variant in four independent cohorts of rheumatoid arthritis and controls and one cohort of multiple sclerosis and controls. Results Heterozygous deletion of SLC2A3 correlates directly with expression levels of GLUT3 and influences glycolysis rates in the human immune system. The frequency of the SLC2A3 copy number variant is not different between rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and control groups. Conclusions Despite a robust SLC2A3 gene copy number dependent phenotype, our study of large groups of rheumatoid arthritis cases and controls provides no evidence for rheumatoid arthritis disease protection in deletion carriers. These data emphasize the importance of well powered replication studies to confirm or refute genetic associations, particularly for relatively rare variants. T cell and macrophage expression of SLC2A3/GLUT3 correlates to SLC2A3 gene copy number in a dose dependent manner. Glycolysis rates are reduced in individuals harboring a deletion of the GLUT3 gene SLC2A3 Deletion of SLC2A3 is not associated with protection from rheumatoid arthritis Deletion of SLC2A3 is not associated with risk for multiple sclerosis GLUT3 is not a viable therapeutic target for RA as previously proposed based on a protective association of SLC2A3 deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim R Simpfendorfer
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, USA
| | - Wentian Li
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Shih
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Hongxiu Wen
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Harini P Kothari
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Edward A Einsidler
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Arthur Wuster
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Julie Hunkapiller
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Timothy W Behrens
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert R Graham
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael J Townsend
- Department of Biomarker Discovery OMNI, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Doron M Behar
- Gene by Gene, Genomic Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rui Hu
- Gene by Gene, Genomic Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Peter K Gregersen
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, USA
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