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Seth N, Abujamra BA, Boulina M, Lev-Tov H, Jozic I. Upregulation of Caveolae-Associated Proteins in Lesional Samples of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Case Series Study. JID INNOVATIONS 2023; 3:100223. [PMID: 37731470 PMCID: PMC10507649 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2023.100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition. HS disease management has proven difficult owing to an insufficient understanding of the immunological processes that drive its pathogenesis. We have demonstrated that misregulation of caveolae perturbs inflammatory responses, inhibits cutaneous wound healing, and contributes to immune privilege collapse in other hair follicle-related diseases. However, nothing is known about its role or the role of structural components of caveolae (caveolin [Cav1] 1, Cav2, and Cavin-1) in the pathophysiology of HS. We aimed to identify whether Cav1, Cav2, and Cavin-1 may serve as immunohistochemical markers of HS. Lesional and perilesional HS skin samples from patients (n = 7, mean age = 35.7 years, range = 20-57 years) with active HS and normal skin from control participants (n = 4, mean age = 36.7 years, range = 23-49 years) were used to assess Cav1, Cav2, and Cavin-1 expression and localization by immunofluorescence staining. HS samples demonstrated increased levels of Cav1 compared with normal skin, whereas Cav1, Cav2, and Cavin-1 were all elevated in hair follicles of lesional versus perilesional HS samples, suggesting a potentially novel therapeutic target and highlighting caveolae as potential biomarkers of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Seth
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Beatriz Abdo Abujamra
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Maria Boulina
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Hadar Lev-Tov
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ivan Jozic
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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He L, Xu Z, Niu X, Li R, Wang F, You Y, Gao J, Zhao L, Shah KM, Fan J, Liu M, Luo J. GPRC5B protects osteoarthritis by regulation of autophagy signaling. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:2976-2989. [PMID: 37521864 PMCID: PMC10372909 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. However, current treatment modalities mainly relieve pain and inhibit cartilage degradation, but do not promote cartilage regeneration. In this study, we show that G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member B (GPRC5B), an orphan G-protein-couple receptor, not only inhibits cartilage degradation, but also increases cartilage regeneration and thereby is protective against OA. We observed that Gprc5b deficient chondrocytes had an upregulation of cartilage catabolic gene expression, along with downregulation of anabolic genes in vitro. Furthermore, mice deficient in Gprc5b displayed a more severe OA phenotype in the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) induced OA mouse model, with upregulation of cartilage catabolic factors and downregulation of anabolic factors, consistent with our in vitro findings. Overexpression of Gprc5b by lentiviral vectors alleviated the cartilage degeneration in DMM-induced OA mouse model by inhibiting cartilage degradation and promoting regeneration. We also assessed the molecular mechanisms downstream of Gprc5b that may mediate these observed effects and identify the role of protein kinase B (AKT)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-autophagy signaling pathway. Thus, we demonstrate an integral role of GPRC5B in OA pathogenesis, and activation of GPRC5B has the potential in preventing the progression of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang He
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201613, China
| | - Ziwei Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xin Niu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Rong Li
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201613, China
| | - Fanhua Wang
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201613, China
| | - Yu You
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jingduo Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201613, China
| | - Karan M. Shah
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, the Medical School, the University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jian Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jian Luo
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201613, China
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Yang W, Wu W, Zhao Y, Li Y, Zhang C, Zhang J, Chen C, Cui S. Caveolin-1 suppresses hippocampal neuron apoptosis via the regulation of HIF1α in hypoxia in naked mole-rats. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:2060-2074. [PMID: 36054154 PMCID: PMC9826031 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Naked mole-rats (NMRs) (Heterocephalus glaber) are highly social and subterranean rodents with large communal colonies in burrows containing low oxygen levels. The inhibition of severe hypoxic conditions is of particular interest to this study. To understand the mechanisms that facilitate neuronal preservation during hypoxia, we investigated the proteins regulating hypoxia tolerance in NMR hippocampal neurons. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a transmembrane scaffolding protein, confers prosurvival signalling in the central nervous system. The present study aimed to investigate the role of Cav-1 in hypoxia-induced neuronal injury. Western blotting analysis and immunocytochemistry showed that Cav-1 expression was significantly upregulated in NMR hippocampal neurons under 8% O2 conditions for 8 h. Cav-1 alleviates apoptotic neuronal death from hypoxia. Downregulation of Cav-1 by lentiviral vectors suggested damage to NMR hippocampal neurons under hypoxic conditions in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of Cav-1 by LV-Cav-1 enhanced hypoxic tolerance of NMR hippocampal neurons in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) are also increased under hypoxic conditions. After inhibiting the binding of HIF-1α to hypoxia response elements in the DNA by echinomycin, Cav-1 levels were downregulated significantly. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed the direct role of HIF1α in regulating the expression levels of Cav-1 in NMR hippocampal neurons under hypoxic conditions. These findings suggest that Cav-1 plays a critical role in modulating the apoptosis of NMR hippocampal neurons and warrant further studies targeting Cav-1 to treat hypoxia-associated brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenqing Wu
- Department of Laboratory Animal CenterAcademy of Military Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ying Zhao
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chengcai Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shufang Cui
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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Fu W, Franchini L, Orlandi C. Comprehensive Spatial Profile of the Orphan G Protein Coupled Receptor GPRC5B Expression in Mouse Brain. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:891544. [PMID: 35812210 PMCID: PMC9259939 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.891544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Orphan G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are GPCRs whose endogenous ligands are unknown or still debated. Due to the lack of pharmacological modulators, the physiological function of orphan GPCRs is understudied. However, relevant physiological roles associated with orphan GPCRs have been revealed by analysis of animal models and genome wide association studies illuminating an untapped potential for drug discovery. G Protein Coupled Receptor class C Group 5 Member B (GPRC5B) is among the most expressed GPCRs in the central nervous system. Thus, the expression profiling of GPRC5B is an essential step toward understanding GPRC5B function in health and disease. In this study, we generated new GPRC5B polyclonal antibodies and investigated the expression levels of GPRC5B across different organs and brain regions. We identified high levels of GPRC5B glycosylation both in transfected cells and in mouse brain. Moreover, in situ hybridization imaging analysis indicated that Gprc5b was expressed at the highest level in olfactory bulb, hippocampus, cerebellum, and pons. To dissect expression within various neuronal populations, we conducted a comprehensive spatial profiling of Gprc5b across excitatory and inhibitory neuronal types in medial prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, hippocampal regions, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. Overall, we discovered that GABAergic neurons displayed higher Gprc5b expression levels than glutamatergic neurons in most of the analyzed regions with the important exception of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Overall, the expression analysis of GPRC5B in mouse brain will guide functional studies ultimately positioning GPRC5B in pathophysiological mechanisms and drug discovery.
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Alonso-Gardón M, Elorza-Vidal X, Castellanos A, La Sala G, Armand-Ugon M, Gilbert A, Di Pietro C, Pla-Casillanis A, Ciruela F, Gasull X, Nunes V, Martínez A, Schulte U, Cohen-Salmon M, Marazziti D, Estévez R. Identification of the GlialCAM interactome: the G protein-coupled receptors GPRC5B and GPR37L1 modulate megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy proteins. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1649-1665. [PMID: 34100078 PMCID: PMC8369841 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy with subcortical Cysts (MLC) is a type of vacuolating leukodystrophy, which is mainly caused by mutations in MLC1 or GLIALCAM. The two MLC-causing genes encode for membrane proteins of yet unknown function that have been linked to the regulation of different chloride channels such as the ClC-2 and VRAC. To gain insight into the role of MLC proteins, we have determined the brain GlialCAM interacting proteome. The proteome includes different transporters and ion channels known to be involved in the regulation of brain homeostasis, proteins related to adhesion or signaling as several G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including the orphan GPRC5B and the proposed prosaposin receptor GPR37L1. Focusing on these two GPCRs, we could validate that they interact directly with MLC proteins. The inactivation of Gpr37l1 in mice upregulated MLC proteins without altering their localization. Conversely, a reduction of GPRC5B levels in primary astrocytes downregulated MLC proteins, leading to an impaired activation of ClC-2 and VRAC. The interaction between the GPCRs and MLC1 was dynamically regulated upon changes in the osmolarity or potassium concentration. We propose that GlialCAM and MLC1 associate with different integral membrane proteins modulating their functions and acting as a recruitment site for various signaling components as the GPCRs identified here. We hypothesized that the GlialCAM/MLC1 complex is working as an adhesion molecule coupled to a tetraspanin-like molecule performing regulatory effects through direct binding or influencing signal transduction events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Alonso-Gardón
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Genes Disease and Therapy Program IDIBELL - Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Xabier Elorza-Vidal
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Genes Disease and Therapy Program IDIBELL - Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Aida Castellanos
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Genes Disease and Therapy Program IDIBELL - Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Gina La Sala
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome I-00015, Italy
| | - Mercedes Armand-Ugon
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Genes Disease and Therapy Program IDIBELL - Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Alice Gilbert
- Physiology and Physiopathology of the Gliovascular Unit Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Chiara Di Pietro
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome I-00015, Italy
| | - Adrià Pla-Casillanis
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Genes Disease and Therapy Program IDIBELL - Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Xavier Gasull
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Medical School, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Casanova 143 Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Virginia Nunes
- Unitat de Genètica, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Laboratori de Genètica Molecular, Genes Disease and Therapy Program IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat 08036, Spain
| | - Albert Martínez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | | | - Martine Cohen-Salmon
- Physiology and Physiopathology of the Gliovascular Unit Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Daniela Marazziti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome I-00015, Italy
| | - Raúl Estévez
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Genes Disease and Therapy Program IDIBELL - Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
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6
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Wang N, Muhetaer G, Zhang X, Yang B, Wang C, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhang J, Wang S, Zheng Y, Zhang F, Wang Z. Sanguisorba officinalis L. Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis by Inhibiting Late-Phase Autophagy via Hif-1α/Caveolin-1 Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:591400. [PMID: 33381039 PMCID: PMC7768086 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.591400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sanguisorba officinalis L. (SA) is a common herb for cancer treatment in the clinic, particularly during the consolidation phase to prevent occurrence or metastasis. Nevertheless, there are limited studies reporting the molecular mechanisms about its anti-metastatic function. It is well demonstrated that autophagy is one of the critical mechanisms accounting for metastasis and anti-cancer pharmacological actions of Chinese herbs. On the threshold, the regulatory effects and molecular mechanisms of SA in suppressing autophagy-related breast cancer metastasis were investigated in this study. In vitro findings demonstrated that SA potently suppressed the proliferation, colony formations well as metastasis process in triple-negative breast cancer. Network and biological analyses predicted that SA mainly targeted caveolin-1 (Cav-1) to induce anti-metastatic effects, and one of the core mechanisms was via regulation of autophagy. Further experiments—including western blotting, transmission electron microscopy, GFP-mRFP-LC3 immunofluorescence, and lysosomal-activity detection—validated SA as a potent late-stage autophagic inhibitor by increasing microtubule-associated light chain 3-II (LC3-II) conversion, decreasing acidic vesicular-organelle formation, and inducing lysosomal dysfunction even under conditions of either starvation or hypoxia. Furthermore, the anti-autophagic and anti-metastatic activity of SA was Cav-1-dependent. Specifically, Cav-1 knockdown significantly facilitated SA-mediated inhibition of autophagy and metastasis. Furthermore, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (Hif-1α) overexpression attenuated the SA-induced inhibitory activities on Cav-1, autophagy, and metastasis, indicating that SA may have inhibited autophagy-related metastasis via Hif-1α/Cav-1 signaling. In both mouse breast cancer xenograft and zebrafish xenotransplantation models, SA inhibited breast cancer growth and inhibited late-phase autophagy in vivo, which was accompanied by suppression of Hif-1α/Cav-1 signaling and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Overall, our findings not only indicate that SA acts as a novel late-phase autophagic inhibitor with anti-metastatic activities in triple-negative breast cancer, but also highlight Cav-1 as a regulator in controlling late-phase autophagic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Wang
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Gulizeba Muhetaer
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China.,Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Caiwei Wang
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Juping Zhang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Yifeng Zheng
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengxue Zhang
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
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Structural Similarity with Cholesterol Reveals Crucial Insights into Mechanisms Sustaining the Immunomodulatory Activity of the Mycotoxin Alternariol. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040847. [PMID: 32244540 PMCID: PMC7226804 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The proliferation of molds in domestic environments can lead to uncontrolled continuous exposure to mycotoxins. Even if not immediately symptomatic, this may result in chronic effects, such as, for instance, immunosuppression or allergenic promotion. Alternariol (AOH) is one of the most abundant mycotoxins produced by Alternaria alternata fungi, proliferating among others in fridges, as well as in humid walls. AOH was previously reported to have immunomodulatory potential. However, molecular mechanisms sustaining this effect remained elusive. In differentiated THP-1 macrophages, AOH hardly altered the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators when co-incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), opening up the possibility that the immunosuppressive potential of the toxin could be related to an alteration of a downstream pro-inflammatory signaling cascade. Intriguingly, the mycotoxin affected the membrane fluidity in macrophages and it synergistically reacted with the cholesterol binding agent MβCD. In silico modelling revealed the potential of the mycotoxin to intercalate in cholesterol-rich membrane domains, like caveolae, and immunofluorescence showed the modified interplay of caveolin-1 with Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 4. In conclusion, we identified the structural similarity with cholesterol as one of the key determinants of the immunomodulatory potential of AOH.
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Hirabayashi Y, Kim YJ. Roles of GPRC5 family proteins: focusing on GPRC5B and lipid-mediated signalling. J Biochem 2020; 167:541-547. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In the past decade, physiological roles and molecular functions of GPRC5 family receptors, originally identified as retinoic acid-induced gene products, have been uncovered, even though their intrinsic agonists are still a mystery. They are differentially distributed in certain tissues and cells in the body suggesting that cell-type-specific regulations and functions are significant. Molecular biological approaches and knockout mouse studies reveal that GPRC5 family proteins have pivotal roles in cancer progression and control of metabolic homeostasis pathways. Remarkably, GPRC5B-mediated tyrosine-phosphorylation signalling cascades play a critical role in development of obesity and insulin resistance through dynamic sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yeon-Jeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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9
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The orphan receptor GPRC5B modulates inflammatory and fibrotic pathways in cardiac fibroblasts and mice hearts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:1198-1203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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10
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Petrov AM, Mast N, Li Y, Pikuleva IA. The key genes, phosphoproteins, processes, and pathways affected by efavirenz-activated CYP46A1 in the amyloid-decreasing paradigm of efavirenz treatment. FASEB J 2019; 33:8782-8798. [PMID: 31063705 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900092r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Efavirenz (EFV) is an anti-HIV drug, and cytochrome P450 46A1 (CYP46A1) is the major brain cholesterol hydroxylase. Previously, we discovered that EFV activates CYP46A1 and improves behavioral performance in 5XFAD mice, an Alzheimer's disease model. Herein, the unbiased omics and other approaches were used to study 5XFAD mice in the amyloid-decreasing paradigm of CYP46A1 activation by EFV. These approaches revealed increases in the brain levels of postsynaptic density protein 95, gephyrin, synaptophysin, synapsin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and CYP46A1 and documented altered expression and phosphorylation of 66 genes and 77 proteins, respectively. The data obtained pointed to EFV effects at the synaptic level, plasmin-depended amyloid clearance, inflammation and microglia phenotype, oxidative stress and cellular hypoxia, autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome systems as well as apoptosis. These effects could be realized in part via changes in the Ca2+-, small GTPase, and catenin signaling. A model is proposed, in which CYP46A1-dependent lipid raft rearrangement and subsequent decrease of protein phosphorylation are central in EFV effects and explain behavioral improvements in EFV-treated 5XFAD mice.-Petrov, A. M., Mast, N., Li, Y., Pikuleva, I. A. The key genes, phosphoproteins, processes, and pathways affected by efavirenz-activated CYP46A1 in the amyloid-decreasing paradigm of efavirenz treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey M Petrov
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Natalia Mast
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Irina A Pikuleva
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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