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Wu Y, Wang X, Yang L, Kang S, Yan G, Han Y, Fang H, Sun H. Potential of alisols as cancer therapeutic agents: Investigating molecular mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115722. [PMID: 37865991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Albeit remarkable achievements in anti-cancer endeavors, the prevention and treatment of cancer remain unresolved challenges. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore new and efficacious natural compounds with potential anti-cancer therapeutic agents. One such group of compounds is alisols, tetracyclic triterpene alcohols extracted from alisma orientale. Alisols play a significant role in cancer therapy as they can suppress cancer cell proliferation and migration by regulating signaling pathways such as mTOR, Bax/Bcl-2, CHOP, caspase, NF-kB and IRE1. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that alisols can be absorbed entirely, rapidly, and evenly distributed in vivo. Moreover, alisols are low in toxicity and relatively safe to take. Remarkably, each alisol can be converted into many compounds with different pathways to their anti-cancer effects in the body. Thus, alisols are regarded as promising anti-cancer agents with minimal side effects and low drug resistance. This review will examine and discuss alisols' anti-cancer molecular mechanism, pharmacokinetics and metabolism. Based on a comprehensive analysis of nearly 20 years of research, we evaluate the therapeutic potential of alisols for various types of cancer and offer insights and strategies for developing new cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinqi Wu
- State key laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classical formula and modern Chinese medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- State key laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classical formula and modern Chinese medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyu Kang
- State key laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classical formula and modern Chinese medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guangli Yan
- State key laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classical formula and modern Chinese medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ying Han
- State key laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classical formula and modern Chinese medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Heng Fang
- State key laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classical formula and modern Chinese medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hui Sun
- State key laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classical formula and modern Chinese medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China.
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2
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Wahab MRA, Palaniyandi T, Ravi M, Viswanathan S, Baskar G, Surendran H, Gangadharan SGD, Rajendran BK. Biomarkers and biosensors for early cancer diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154812. [PMID: 37741139 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancers continue to be of major concern due to their serious global socioeconomic impact, apart from the continued increase in the incidence of various cancer types. A major challenge that this disease poses is due to the low "early detection" rates which limit the therapeutic outcomes for the affected individuals. Current research has highlighted the discovering biomarkers that help in early cancer detection and the development of technologies for the detection and quantification of such biomarkers. Biomarkers range from proteins to nucleic acids, and can be specific to a particular cancer type. Detection and quantification of such biomarkers at low levels from biological samples is being made possible by the advent of developing biosensors and by using biomedical engineering technologies such as tumor-on-a-chip models. Here, we present biomarkers that can be helpful for the early detection of breast, colorectal, esophageal, lung, liver, ovarian, and prostate cancer. In addition, we discuss the potential of circulating tumor cell DNA (ctDNA) as an early diagnostic marker. Finally, biosensors available for the detection of cancer biomarkers, which is a recent advancement in this area of research, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095; Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Maddaly Ravi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sandhiya Viswanathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095
| | - Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095
| | - Hemapreethi Surendran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095
| | - S G D Gangadharan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Madras Medical College, R. G. G. G. H., Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ma M, Luan X, Zheng H, Wang X, Wang S, Shen T, Ren D. A Mulberry Diels-Alder-Type Adduct, Kuwanon M, Triggers Apoptosis and Paraptosis of Lung Cancer Cells through Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021015. [PMID: 36674530 PMCID: PMC9866470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mulberry tree (Morus alba) has been cultivated in China for thousands of years. Mulberry Diels-Alder-type adducts (MDAAs) are characteristic constituents of the genus Morus. The unique structure and diverse bioactivities of MDAAs have attracted the attention of researchers. Kuwanon M (KWM) is an MDAA isolated from the root bark of Morus alba. This research reports the growth inhibitory effects of KWM on human lung cancer cells and its possible mechanism. In A549 and NCI-H292 cells, KWM treatment induced suppression of cell proliferation and migration. The appearance of chromatin condensation, phosphatidyl serine exposure and caspase cleavage indicated the arising of apoptosis. The loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), release of cytochrome c and dysregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 demonstrated that the KWM-induced apoptosis was through the mitochondrial pathway. Paraptosis was simultaneously detected under KWM treatment, as evidenced by the exhibition of cytoplasmic vacuolation, down-regulation of Alix and up-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins. Mechanistically, ER stress induced activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways and activation of the MAPK (JNK and ERK) pathway, all of which were critical for KWM-induced apoptosis and paraptosis. These findings suggested the possibility that KWM might be considered as a potential lung cancer therapeutic agent.
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Chen Y, Lu J, Xie Z, Tang J, Lian X, Li X. The Mechanism of Alisol B23 Acetate Inhibiting Lung Cancer: Targeted Regulation of CD11b/CD18 to Influence Macrophage Polarization. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3677-3689. [PMID: 36277599 PMCID: PMC9583238 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s375073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor microenvironment has attracted more and more attention in oncology. Alisol B23 acetate (AB23A) inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. However, whether AB23A plays a role in the tumor microenvironment of NSCLC still remains obscure. Methods After THP-1 cells were polarized to M0 type by PMA, M0 macrophages were differentiated into M1 by LPS and IFNγ, and were differentiated into M2 by IL-4 and IL-13. The differentiation of THP-1 cells was detected by flow cytometry. After AB23A was given to macrophage RT-qPCR and ELISA detected the expressions of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10 and TGF-β. Western blot and RT-qPCR detected the expressions of CD11b and CD18 at both mRNA and protein levels. Lung cancer cell A549 cells were induced by above related macrophage culture medium. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8. Tunel, wound healing and Transwell detected the apoptotic, migration and invasion capabilities. Next, M0 and M1-type macrophages were cultured in the cell culture medium of conventional A549 cells, to which AB23A was added. Subsequently, cell differentiation and inflammatory response were measured. Finally, the expression of CD18 in A549 cells was knocked down to construct NSCLC tumor-bearing mice and AB23A was applied for intragastric administration. Immunohistochemistry detected the polarization of macrophages in tumor tissues. Western blot detected the expressions of CD11b, CD18, invasion-, migration- and apoptosis-related proteins. Results AB23A promoted the polarization of macrophages towards M1, thus promoting the apoptosis and inhibiting the invasion and migration of A549 cells. The tumor cell culture medium induced M0 macrophages to M2, while AB23A reversed this effect. AB23A targeted CD11b/CD18 and improved the polarization of macrophages, thereby affecting tumor invasion, migration and apoptosis. Conclusion AB23A affected the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages through the targeted regulation of CD11b/CD18, thus inhibiting the development of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingna Chen
- School of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yingna Chen, School of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, No. 21, Lake Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13813661630, Email
| | - Jieya Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China,Jieya Lu, Department of Nephrology, Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 128 Yangquan East Road, Yicheng Street, Yixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15906153777, Email
| | - Zhihao Xie
- School of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jialing Tang
- School of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Lian
- School of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuwen Li
- School of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Bailly C. Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Targets of Alisol Triterpenoids from Alismatis Rhizoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081945. [PMID: 36009492 PMCID: PMC9406200 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 100 protostane triterpenoids have been isolated from the dried rhizomes of Alisma species, designated Alismatis rhizoma (AR), commonly used in Asian traditional medicine to treat inflammatory and vascular diseases. The main products are the alisols, with the lead compounds alisol-A/-B and their acetate derivatives being the most abundant products in the plant and the best-known bioactive products. The pharmacological effects of Ali-A, Ali-A 24-acetate, Ali-B, Ali-B 23-acetate, and derivatives have been analyzed to provide an overview of the medicinal properties, signaling pathways, and molecular targets at the origin of those activities. Diverse protein targets have been proposed for these natural products, including the farnesoid X receptor, soluble epoxide hydrolase, and other enzymes (AMPK, HCE-2) and functional proteins (YAP, LXR) at the origin of the anti-atherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-fibrotic, and anti-proliferative activities. Activities were classified in two groups. The lipid-lowering and anti-atherosclerosis effects benefit from robust in vitro and in vivo data (group 1). The anticancer effects of alisols have been largely reported, but, essentially, studies using tumor cell lines and solid in vivo data are lacking (group 2). The survey shed light on the pharmacological properties of alisol triterpenoids frequently found in traditional phytomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan, Scientific Consulting Office, 59290 Lille (Wasquehal), France
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Novel Epoxides of Soloxolone Methyl: An Effect of the Formation of Oxirane Ring and Stereoisomerism on Cytotoxic Profile, Anti-Metastatic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116214. [PMID: 35682893 PMCID: PMC9181525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that epoxide-bearing compounds display pronounced pharmacological activities, and the epoxidation of natural metabolites can be a promising strategy to improve their bioactivity. Here, we report the design, synthesis and evaluation of biological properties of αO-SM and βO-SM, novel epoxides of soloxolone methyl (SM), a cyanoenone-bearing derivative of 18βH-glycyrrhetinic acid. We demonstrated that the replacement of a double-bound within the cyanoenone pharmacophore group of SM with α- and β-epoxide moieties did not abrogate the high antitumor and anti-inflammatory potentials of the triterpenoid. It was found that novel SM epoxides induced the death of tumor cells at low micromolar concentrations (IC50(24h) = 0.7–4.1 µM) via the induction of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, reinforced intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin in B16 melanoma cells, probably by direct interaction with key drug efflux pumps (P-glycoprotein, MRP1, MXR1), and the suppressed pro-metastatic phenotype of B16 cells, effectively inhibiting their metastasis in a murine model. Moreover, αO-SM and βO-SM hampered macrophage functionality in vitro (motility, NO production) and significantly suppressed carrageenan-induced peritonitis in vivo. Furthermore, the effect of the stereoisomerism of SM epoxides on the mentioned bioactivities and toxic profiles of these compounds in vivo were evaluated. Considering the comparable antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects of SM epoxides with SM and reference drugs (dacarbazine, dexamethasone), αO-SM and βO-SM can be considered novel promising antitumor and anti-inflammatory drug candidates.
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7
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Joshi BC, Juyal V, Sah AN, Verma P, Mukhija M. Review On Documented Medicinal Plants Used For The Treatment Of Cancer. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083807666211011125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a frightful disease and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Naturally derived compounds are gaining interest of research workers as they have less toxic side effects as compared to currently used treatments such as chemotherapy. Plants are the pool of chemical compounds which provides a promising future for research on cancer.
Objective:
This review paper provides updated information gathered on medicinal plants and isolated phytoconstituents used as anticancer agents and summarises the plant extracts and their isolated chemical constituents exhibiting anticancer potential on clinical trials.
Methods:
An extensive bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing worldwide established scientific databases like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar etc. In next few decades, herbal medicine may become a new epoch of medical system.
Results:
Many researches are going on medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer but it is a time to increase further experimental studies on plant extracts and their chemical constituents to find out their mechanism of action at molecular level.
Conclusion:
The article may help many researchers to start off further experimentation that might lead to the drugs for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Vijay Juyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Archana N. Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Piyush Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical science and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun-248001, India
| | - Minky Mukhija
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
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Promising Anticancer Activities of Alismatis rhizome and Its Triterpenes via p38 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072455. [PMID: 34371964 PMCID: PMC8308894 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The flowering plant genus Alisma, which belongs to the family Alismataceae, comprises 11 species, including Alisma orientale, Alisma canaliculatum, and Alisma plantago-aquatica. Alismatis rhizome (Ze xie in Chinese, Takusha in Japanese, and Taeksa in Korean, AR), the tubers of medicinal plants from Alisma species, have long been used to treat inflammatory diseases, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, bacterial infection, edema, oliguria, diarrhea, and dizziness. Recent evidence has demonstrated that its extract showed pharmacological activities to effectively reverse cancer-related molecular targets. In particular, triterpenes naturally isolated from AR have been found to exhibit antitumor activity. This study aimed to describe the biological activities and plausible signaling cascades of AR and its main compounds in experimental models representing cancer-related physiology and pathology. Available in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that AR extract possesses anticancer activity against various cancer cells, and the efficacy might be attributed to the cytotoxic and antimetastatic effects of its alisol compounds, such as alisol A, alisol B, and alisol B 23-acetate. Several beneficial functions of triterpenoids found in AR might be due to p38 activation and inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways. Moreover, AR and its triterpenes inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells that are resistant to chemotherapy. Thus, AR and its triterpenes may play potential roles in tumor attack, as well as a therapeutic remedy alone and in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Yang F, Gu L, Han Z, Wang Z. Rapid screening for natural lipase inhibitors from Alisma orientale combining high-performance thin-layer chromatography-bioautography with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1170:122599. [PMID: 33713950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lipase inhibitors are an attractive class of hypolipidemic compounds, which inhibit the activity of human pancreatic lipase, thereby preventing the absorption of triglycerides in vivo. As a library of promising lead compounds for drug development, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained growing attention in quick discovery and identification of enzyme inhibitors of natural-origin. The purpose of this work was to discover unknown lipase inhibitors from Alisma orientale by the activity oriented analysis method thin-layer chromatography-bioautography, then use electrospray ionization mass spectrometry technology via the elution based TLC-MS interface to identify their structures. As a result, eleven natural lipase inhibitors from Alisma orientale extracts were identified based on molecular mass and fragment ions obtained by HPTLC-MS, and further confirmed by a series of complementary means including UV spectra, 1H NMR characteristic proton signals and polarity of compounds, eleven lipase inhibitors were tentatively assigned as triterpenoids: alisol B (m/z 495.50 [M + Na]+), alisol B 23-acetate (m/z 537.58 [M + Na]+), 11-deoxy-alisol B (m/z 479.50 [M + Na]+), 11-deoxy-alisol B 23-acetate (m/z 521.50 [M + Na]+), alisol A/epialisol A (m/z 513.50 [M + Na]+), 16-oxo-11-deoxy-alisol A (m/z 511.50 [M + Na]+), 16-oxo-alisol A (527.50 [M + Na] +), alisol C (m/z 509.58 [M + Na]+), alisol C 23-acetate (m/z 551.50 [M + Na]+), alisol M 23-acetate (m/z 567.50 [M + Na]+), and alismanol Q/neoalisol (m/z 493.42 [M + Na]+). The integrated approach is an efficient method for rapid screening lipase inhibitors from complex plant extracts and provides a reasonable and favorable basis for the identification and separation of other enzymatic system and other important compounds with therapeutic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Gu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhuzhen Han
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Zhu HC, Jia XK, Fan Y, Xu SH, Li XY, Huang MQ, Lan ML, Xu W, Wu SS. Alisol B 23-Acetate Ameliorates Azoxymethane/Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Male Murine Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer via Modulating the Composition of Gut Microbiota and Improving Intestinal Barrier. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:640225. [PMID: 33996624 PMCID: PMC8117151 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.640225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hunting for natural compounds that can modulate the structure of the intestinal flora is a new hotspot for colitis‐associated cancer (CAC) prevention or treatment. Alisol B 23-acetate (AB23A) is a natural tetracyclic triterpenoid found in Alismatis rhizoma which is well known for dietary herb. Alismatis rhizoma is often used clinically to treat gastrointestinal diseases in China. In this study, we investigated the potential prevention of AB23A in male mouse models of azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced CAC. AB23A intervention alleviated the body weight loss, disease activity index, colon tumor load, tissue injury, and inflammatory cytokine changes in CAC mice. AB23A intervention leads to remarkable reductions in the activation of TLR, NF-κB and MAPK. AB23A significantly decreased the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK and up-regulated mucin-2 and the expression of tight junction proteins. The gut microbiota of AB23A-interfered mice was characterized with high microbial diversity, the reduced expansion of pathogenic bacteria, such as Klebsiella, Citrobacter, and Akkermansia, and the increased growth of bacteria including Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Alloprevotella. These data reveal that AB23A has the potential to be used to treat CAC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Chang Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yong Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shao-Hua Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ming-Qing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng-Liu Lan
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shui-Sheng Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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11
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Pang B, Zhang J, Zhang X, Yuan J, Shi Y, Qiao L. Inhibition of lipogenesis and induction of apoptosis by valproic acid in prostate cancer cells via the C/EBPα/SREBP-1 pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:354-364. [PMID: 33471067 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism reprogramming is now accepted as a new hallmark of cancer. Hence, targeting the lipogenesis pathway may be a potential avenue for cancer treatment. Valproic acid (VPA) emerges as a promising drug for cancer therapy; however, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of VPA on cell viability, lipogenesis, and apoptosis in human prostate cancer PC-3 and LNCaP cells. The results showed that VPA significantly reduced lipid accumulation and induced apoptosis of PC-3 and LNCaP cells. Moreover, the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), as well as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) and its downstream effectors, including fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), and anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), was markedly decreased in PC-3 and LNCaP cells after VPA administration. Mechanistically, the overexpression of C/EBPα rescued the levels of SREBP-1, FASN, ACC1, and Bcl-2, enhanced lipid accumulation, and attenuated apoptosis of VPA-treated PC-3 cells. Conversely, knockdown of C/EBPα by siRNA further decreased lipid accumulation, enhanced apoptosis, and reduced the levels of SREBP-1, FASN, ACC1, and Bcl-2. In addition, SREBP-1a and 1c enhanced the expressions of FASN and ACC1, but only SREBP-1a had a significant effect on Bcl-2 expression in VPA-treated PC-3 cells. Based on the results, we concluded that VPA significantly inhibits cell viability via decreasing lipogenesis and inducing apoptosis via the C/EBPα/SREBP-1 pathway in prostate cancer cells. Therefore, VPA that targets lipid metabolism and apoptosis is a promising candidate for PCa chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jihong Yuan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Yanan Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Ling Qiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin 300134, China
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12
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Natural Products Targeting the Mitochondria in Cancers. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010092. [PMID: 33379233 PMCID: PMC7795732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are abundant sources of anticancer drugs in nature that have a broad prospect in anticancer drug discovery. Natural compounds, with biological activities extracted from plants and marine and microbial metabolites, have significant antitumor effects, but their mechanisms are various. In addition to providing energy to cells, mitochondria are involved in processes, such as cell differentiation, cell signaling, and cell apoptosis, and they have the ability to regulate cell growth and cell cycle. Summing up recent data on how natural products regulate mitochondria is valuable for the development of anticancer drugs. This review focuses on natural products that have shown antitumor effects via regulating mitochondria. The search was done in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, over a 5-year period, between 2015 and 2020, with a keyword search that focused on natural products, natural compounds, phytomedicine, Chinese medicine, antitumor, and mitochondria. Many natural products have been studied to have antitumor effects on different cells and can be further processed into useful drugs to treat cancer. In the process of searching for valuable new drugs, natural products such as terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, coumarins, and quinones cover the broad space.
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13
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Feng L, Liu TT, Huo XK, Tian XG, Wang C, Lv X, Ning J, Zhao WY, Zhang BJ, Sun CP, Ma XC. Alisma genus: Phytochemical constituents, biosynthesis, and biological activities. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1872-1886. [PMID: 33184919 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The genus Alisma contains 11 species distributed worldwide, of which at least two species (A. orientale [Sam.] Juzep. and A. plantago-aquatica Linn.) have been used as common herbal medicines. Secondary metabolites obtained from the genus Alisma are considered to be the material basis for the various biological functions and medicinal applications. In this review, we mainly focused on the recent investigations of secondary metabolites from plants of the genus Alisma and their biological activities, with the highlighting on the diversity of the chemical structures, the biosynthesis of interesting secondary metabolites, the biological activities, and the relationships between structures and bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Feng
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tian-Tian Liu
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao-Kui Huo
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiang-Ge Tian
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xia Lv
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Ning
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wen-Yu Zhao
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bao-Jing Zhang
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cheng-Peng Sun
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Wang J, Liu X, Zheng H, Liu Q, Zhang H, Wang X, Shen T, Wang S, Ren D. Morusin induces apoptosis and autophagy via JNK, ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling in human lung carcinoma cells. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 331:109279. [PMID: 33035517 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to drug resistance and side effects, the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of lung cancer is still in an urgent need. Morusin, a naturally occurring prenylated flavonoid isolated from the root bark of Morus alba, has been reported to be a promising candidate for cancer treatment including lung cancer. This study aimed to validate the anti-cancer effects of morusin in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines A549 and NCI-H292. The results indicated that morusin had growth inhibitory, pro-apoptotic and pro-autophagic effects on A549 and NCI-H292 cells. The induction of apoptosis was characterized by chromatin condensation and PARP cleavage. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss, cytochrome c release, Bax/Bcl-2 dysregulation, and caspase-3 cleavage were also observed, indicating a mitochondria-dependent apoptosis was induced by morusin. A pro-autophagic effect was demonstrated by the increased level of LC3-Ⅱ and decreased level of SQSTM1/p62. Furthermore, morusin inhibited PI3K/Akt signaling and activated JNK, ERK pathways as indicated by the alteration in the ratio of phosphorylation level over total protein expression level. A PI3K/Akt inhibitor (LY294002), a JNK inhibitor (SP600125) and a MEK/ERK inhibitor (U0126) contributed to the determination that these pathways were involved in both apoptosis and autophagy induced by morusin. Moreover, morusin treatment strikingly enhanced intracellular ROS level, an ROS scavenger NAC blocked cell death and changes of Akt, JNK and ERK induced by morusin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Qingying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Huaran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Dongmei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
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Li G, Zheng YH, Xu L, Feng J, Tang HL, Luo C, Song YP, Chen XQ. BRD4 inhibitor nitroxoline enhances the sensitivity of multiple myeloma cells to bortezomib in vitro and in vivo by promoting mitochondrial pathway-mediated cell apoptosis. Ther Adv Hematol 2020; 11:2040620720932686. [PMID: 32551032 PMCID: PMC7281877 DOI: 10.1177/2040620720932686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological neoplasm. Wide administration of bortezomib significantly improves the survival of MM patients compared with conventional chemotherapy. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) inhibitors also have been demonstrated to retard cell proliferation and induce cellular apoptosis in various cancers. However, it is unclear whether the BRD4 inhibitor nitroxoline plus bortezomib has a synergistic anti-tumor effect on MM. Methods Cell viability was determined via 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were assessed via flow cytometry. Protein expression levels were determined via western blotting. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins in xenograft tissue were detected by means of immunohistochemistry. Results Treatment with nitroxoline or bortezomib suppressed cell proliferation, and caused G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in H929 and RPMI8226 cells. Furthermore, nitroxoline intensified the retardation of cell proliferation, as well as further enhanced the G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis induced by bortezomib in H929 and RPMI8226 cells. The western blot analysis revealed that nitroxoline or bortezomib treatment markedly diminished the levels of Bcl-2 and cyclin D1, and increased the levels of p21, Bax, cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3. Combination of these two agents was observed to result in further marked changes on these levels compared with nitroxoline or bortezomib treatment alone. What is more, in the xenograft tumor model, combinative treatment markedly inhibited tumor growth compared with the single drug treatment. Conclusion Combination of bortezomib with nitroxoline has a synergistic anti-tumor activity in MM cells and may be a novel treatment method for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Li
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan-Hua Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai-Long Tang
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Ping Song
- Institute of Hematology, Xi'an Central Hospital, 161 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, P.R. China
| | - Xie-Qun Chen
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Epoxide containing molecules: A good or a bad drug design approach. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 201:112327. [PMID: 32526552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Functional group modification is one of the main strategies used in drug discovery and development. Despite the controversy of being identified for many years as a biologically hazardous functional group, the introduction of an epoxide function in a structural backbone is still one of the possible modifications being implemented in drug design. In this manner, it is our intention to prove with this work that epoxides can have significant interest in medicinal chemistry, not only as anticancer agents, but also as important drugs for other pathologies. Thus, this revision paper aims to highlight the biological activity and the proposed mechanisms of action of several epoxide-containing molecules either in preclinical studies or in clinical development or even in clinical use. An overview of the chemistry of epoxides is also reported. Some of the conclusions are that effectively most of the epoxide-containing molecules referred in this work were being studied or are in the market as anticancer drugs. However, some of them in preclinical studies, were also associated with other different activities such as anti-malarial, anti-arthritic, insecticidal, antithrombotic, and selective inhibitory activity of FXIII-A (a transglutaminase). As for the epoxide-containing molecules in clinical trials, some of them are being tested for obesity and schizophrenia. Finally, drugs containing epoxide groups already in the market are mostly used for the treatment of different types of cancer, such as breast cancer and multiple myeloma. Other diseases for which the referred drugs are being used include heart failure, infections and gastrointestinal disturbs. In summary, epoxides can be a suitable option in drug design, particularly in the design of anticancer agents, and deserve to be better explored. However, and despite the promising results, it is imperative to explore the mechanisms of action of these compounds in order to have a better picture of their efficiency and safety.
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17
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Wang P, Song T, Shi R, He M, Wang R, Lv J, Jiang M. Triterpenoids From Alisma Species: Phytochemistry, Structure Modification, and Bioactivities. Front Chem 2020; 8:363. [PMID: 32426329 PMCID: PMC7205456 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants from Alisma species belong to the genus of Alisma Linn. in Alismataceae family. The tubers of A. orientale (Sam.) Juzep, also known as Ze Xie in Chinese and Takusha in Japanese, have been used in traditional medicine for a long history. Triterpenoids are the main secondary metabolites isolated from Alisma species, and reported with various bioactive properties, including anticancer, lipid-regulating, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and diuretic activities. In this brief review, we aimed to summarize the phytochemical and pharmacological characteristics of triterpenoids found in Alisma, and discuss their structure modification to enhance cytotoxicity as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengli Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tongxin Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingshuai He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jialin Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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18
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Min J, Li G, Gong Y. Characterization and phylogenetic relationships analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of Alisma plantago-aquatica (Alismataceae: Alisma). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1756965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Min
- The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Gang Li
- The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Gong
- The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
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Tao Y, Jiang E, Yan J, Cai B. A biochemometrics strategy for tracing diuretic components of crude and processed
Alisma orientale
based on quantitative determination and pharmacological evaluation. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 34:e4744. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Enci Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Jizhong Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Baochang Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine ProcessingNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
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Comparative transcriptome and metabolite profiling of four tissues from Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep reveals its inflorescence developmental and medicinal characteristics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12310. [PMID: 31444376 PMCID: PMC6707231 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48806-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep (A. orientale) is an important medicinal plant in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, de novo RNA-seq of A. orientale was performed based on the cDNA libraries from four different tissues, roots, leaves, scapes and inflorescences. A total of 41,685 unigenes were assembled, 25,024 unigene functional annotations were obtained by searching against the five public sequence databases, and 3,411 simple sequence repeats in A. orientale were reported for the first time. 15,402 differentially expressed genes were analysed. The morphological characteristics showed that compared to the other tissues, the leaves had more chlorophyll, the scapes had more vascular bundles, and the inflorescences contained more starch granules and protein. In addition, the metabolic profiles of eight kinds of alisols metabolite profiling, which were measured by ultra-Performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry showed that alisol B 23-acetate and alisol B were the major components of the four tissues at amounts of 0.068~0.350 mg/g and 0.046~0.587 mg/g, respectively. In addition, qRT-PCR validated that farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase should be considered the critical candidate genes involved in alisol biosynthesis. These transcriptome and metabolic profiles of A. orientale may help clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the medicinal characteristics of A. orientale.
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