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Duan Y, Li Q, Wu J, Zhou C, Liu X, Yue J, Chen X, Liu J, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Zhang L. A detrimental role of endothelial S1PR2 in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury via modulating mitochondrial dysfunction, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and pyroptosis. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103244. [PMID: 38909407 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid molecule, exerts multifaceted effects on cardiovascular functions via S1P receptors, but its effects on cardiac I/R injury are not fully understood. Plasma lipidomics analysis by mass spectrometry revealed that sphingosine lipids, including sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), were significantly down-regulated following cardiac I/R injury in mice. The reduced S1P levels were also observed in the plasma of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared with those without PCI. We found that S1P exerted a cardioprotective effect via endothelial cell (EC)-S1PR1, whereas EC-S1PR2 displayed a detrimental effect on cardiac I/R. Our data showed that EC-specific S1pr2 loss-of-function significantly lessened inflammatory responses and diminished cardiac I/R injury, while EC-specific S1pr2 gain-of-function aggravated cardiac I/R injury. Mechanistically, EC-S1PR2 initiated excessive mitochondrial fission and elevated ROS production via RHO/ROCK1/DRP1 pathway, leading to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent cell pyroptosis, thereby exacerbating inflammation and I/R injuries. Furthermore, RGD-peptide magnetic nanoparticles packaging S1pr2-siRNA to specifically knockdown S1PR2 in endothelial cells significantly ameliorated cardiac I/R injury. Taken together, our investigations demonstrate that EC-S1PR2 induces excessive mitochondrial fission, which results in NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequently triggers cell pyroptosis, ultimately exacerbating inflammatory responses and aggravating heart injuries following I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qinyu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, 219 Miao Pu Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Jinjin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Caixia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xiuxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jinnan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China; Clinical Center for Heart Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Yin Z, Zhang J, Shen Z, Qin JJ, Wan J, Wang M. Regulated vascular smooth muscle cell death in vascular diseases. Cell Prolif 2024:e13688. [PMID: 38873710 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD) is a complex process that involves several cell types and plays a crucial role in vascular diseases. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the predominant elements of the medial layer of blood vessels, and their regulated death contributes to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. The types of regulated VSMC death include apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos, and autophagy-dependent cell death (ADCD). In this review, we summarize the current evidence of regulated VSMC death pathways in major vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, vascular calcification, aortic aneurysm and dissection, hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, neointimal hyperplasia, and inherited vascular diseases. All forms of RCD constitute a single, coordinated cell death system in which one pathway can compensate for another during disease progression. Pharmacologically targeting RCD pathways has potential for slowing and reversing disease progression, but challenges remain. A better understanding of the role of regulated VSMC death in vascular diseases and the underlying mechanisms may lead to novel pharmacological developments and help clinicians address the residual cardiovascular risk in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jishou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zican Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan-Juan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Healthy Aging, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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Zhao Y, Liang B, Sheng S, Wang C, Jin B, Zhang X, Cheng Y, Shen C, Zheng F. AIM2 inflammasome regulated by the IFN-γ/JAK2/STAT1 pathway promotes activation and pyroptosis of monocytes in Coronary Artery Disease. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1317. [PMID: 38869352 PMCID: PMC11170685 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have demonstrated that Absent in Melanoma 2 (AIM2) is upregulated in aortic plaques, especially in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), and is related to inflammasome-induced inflammation. However, the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon and the role of AIM2 in atherosclerosis remained unclear. METHODS This study enrolled 133 CAD patients and 123 controls. We isolated Peripheral Blood Leukocytes (PBLs) and the mRNA expression of AIM2 inflammasome and its downstream genes (ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). We assessed correlations between AIM2 expressions and clinical characteristics by multiple linear regression and spearman's correlation. The THP-1 cells cultured in poly(dA:dT), A151, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), AG490, or JC2-11. And then the mRNA and protein levels of AIM2, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, GSDMD, and STAT1 were analyzed by qPCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. The migration and adhesive capacity of THP-1 cells was assessed using an inverted microscope and an inverted fluorescence microscope, respectively. RESULTS In this study, we found that expressions of components of AIM2 inflammasome and its downstream genes (ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18), were all increased in PBLs of CAD patients, which indicated the inflammasome activation. AIM2 inflammasome activation further induced pyroptosis, and stimulated migration and adhesion in monocyte cell lines, which was regulated by IFN-γ probably through JAK2/STAT1 pathway. In addition, AIM2 expressions were positively correlated with systemic inflammatory indicators as an independent risk factor for CAD. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, increased AIM2 expression, induced by the IFN-γ/JAK2/STAT1 signal, orientates monocytes to inflammatory status or even pyroptosis through AIM2 inflammasome activation, which is involved in the development of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Bin Liang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Department of Clinical Laboratorythe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
| | - Shuyang Sheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chen Wang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Bingyu Jin
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yating Cheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Changxin Shen
- Department of Blood TransfusionZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fang Zheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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Pi S, Xiong S, Yuan Y, Deng H. The Role of Inflammasome in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Its Potential Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5001. [PMID: 38732221 PMCID: PMC11084561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has been recognized as a serious chronic inflammatory degenerative aortic disease in recent years. At present, there is no other effective intervention except surgical treatment for AAA. With the aging of the human population, its incidence is increasing year by year, posing a serious threat to human health. Modern studies suggest that vascular chronic inflammatory response is the core process in AAA occurrence and development. Inflammasome, a multiprotein complex located in the cytoplasm, mediates the expression of various inflammatory cytokines like interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, and thus plays a pivotal role in inflammation regulation. Therefore, inflammasome may exert a crucial influence on the progression of AAA. This article reviews some mechanism studies to investigate the role of inflammasome in AAA and then summarizes several potential drugs targeting inflammasome for the treatment of AAA, aiming to provide new ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of AAA beyond surgical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyu Pi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (S.P.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.)
- Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm (AAA) Translational Medicine Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Sizheng Xiong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (S.P.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.)
- Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm (AAA) Translational Medicine Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (S.P.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.)
- Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm (AAA) Translational Medicine Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hongping Deng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (S.P.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.)
- Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm (AAA) Translational Medicine Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430060, China
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Attiq A, Afzal S, Ahmad W, Kandeel M. Hegemony of inflammation in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 966:176338. [PMID: 38242225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation drives coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis implications. Lipoprotein entry, retention, and oxidative modification cause endothelial damage, triggering innate and adaptive immune responses. Recruited immune cells orchestrate the early atherosclerotic lesions by releasing proinflammatory cytokines, expediting the foam cell formation, intraplaque haemorrhage, secretion of matrix-degrading enzymes, and lesion progression, eventually promoting coronary artery syndrome via various inflammatory cascades. In addition, soluble mediators disrupt the dynamic anti- and prothrombotic balance maintained by endothelial cells and pave the way for coronary artery disease such as angina pectoris. Recent studies have established a relationship between elevated levels of inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukins (IL-6, IL-1β), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) with the severity of CAD and the possibility of future cardiovascular events. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a marker for assessing systemic inflammation and predicting the risk of developing CAD based on its peak plasma levels. Hence, understanding cross-talk interactions of inflammation, atherogenesis, and CAD is highly warranted to recalculate the risk factors that activate and propagate arterial lesions and devise therapeutic strategies accordingly. Cholesterol-inflammation lowering agents (statins), monoclonal antibodies targeting IL-1 and IL-6 (canakinumab and tocilizumab), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (methotrexate), sodium-glucose transport protein-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, colchicine and xanthene oxidase inhibitor (allopurinol) have shown promising results in reducing inflammation, regressing atherogenic plaque and modifying the course of CAD. Here, we review the complex interplay between inflammatory, endothelial, smooth muscle and foam cells. Moreover, the putative role of inflammation in atherosclerotic CAD, underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic implications are also discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Attiq
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Sheryar Afzal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, 31982, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, 31982, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Yilma AN, Sahu R, Subbarayan P, Villinger F, Coats MT, Singh SR, Dennis VA. PLGA-Chitosan Encapsulated IL-10 Nanoparticles Modulate Chlamydia Inflammation in Mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1287-1301. [PMID: 38348174 PMCID: PMC10860865 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s432970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key anti-inflammatory mediator in protecting host from over-exuberant responses to pathogens and play important roles in wound healing, autoimmunity, cancer, and homeostasis. However, its application as a therapeutic agent for biomedical applications has been limited due to its short biological half-life. Therefore, it is important to prolong the half-life of IL-10 to replace the current therapeutic application, which relies on administering large and repeated dosages. Therefore, not a cost-effective approach. Thus, studies that aim to address this type of challenges are always in need. Methods Recombinant IL-10 was encapsulated in biodegradable nanoparticles (Poly-(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) and Chitosan)) by the double emulsion method and then characterized for size, surface charge, thermal stability, cytotoxicity, in vitro release, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy as well as evaluated for its anti-inflammatory effects. Bioactivity of encapsulated IL-10 was evaluated in vitro using J774A.1 macrophage cell-line and in vivo using BALB/c mice. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) were quantified from culture supernatants using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and significance was analyzed using ANOVA. Results We obtained a high 96% encapsulation efficiency with smooth encapsulated IL-10 nanoparticles of ~100-150 nm size and release from nanoparticles as measurable to 22 days. Our result demonstrated that encapsulated IL-10 was biocompatible and functional by reducing the inflammatory responses induced by LPS in macrophages. Of significance, we also proved the functionality of encapsulated IL-10 by its capacity to reduce inflammation in BALB/c mice as provoked by Chlamydia trachomatis, an inflammatory sexually transmitted infectious bacterium. Discussion Collectively, our results show the successful IL-10 encapsulation, slow release to prolong its biological half-life and reduce inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF production in vitro and in mice. Our results serve as proof of concept to further explore the therapeutic prospective of encapsulated IL-10 for biomedical applications, including inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abebayehu N Yilma
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Rajnish Sahu
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | - Praseetha Subbarayan
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | - Francois Villinger
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA, USA
| | - Mamie T Coats
- Department of Clinical and Diagnostics Sciences, School of Health Professionals, The University at Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shree R Singh
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | - Vida A Dennis
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
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Li K, Zhang D, Zhai S, Wu H, Liu H. METTL3-METTL14 complex induces necroptosis and inflammation of vascular smooth muscle cells via promoting N6 methyladenosine mRNA methylation of receptor-interacting protein 3 in abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:897-914. [PMID: 36947363 PMCID: PMC10409957 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) have the highest incidence and rupture rate of all aortic aneurysms. The N6 methyladenosine (m6A) modification is closely associated with angiotensin (Ang II)-induced aortic diseases. This study aimed to identify whether the m6A writer METTL3/METTL4 regulates rip3 mRNA expression in AAA. To induce the mouse AAA model, apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice were subcutaneously infused with Ang II, and C57BL/6 mice were infused with type I elastase. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were induced with Ang II. Necroptosis was detected using an Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit, and ELISA assays measured inflammatory cytokines. The RNA immunoprecipitation-qPCR determined the methylated rip3 mRNA level. The increased expressions of inflammatory factors, aortic adventitia injury, degradation of elastin, and CD68-positive cells suggested the successful establishment of mouse AAA models. In AAA aorta wall tissues, the m6A modification level and the expression of METTL3/METTL14 were elevated. In Ang II-induced VSMCs, necroptosis and inflammatory cytokines in the supernatants were increased. RNA immunoprecipitation and co-immunoprecipitation assays confirmed the binding between the METTL3-METTL14 complex and rip3 mRNA, the interaction between YTHDF3 and rip3 mRNA, and between the METTL3-METTL14 complex and SMAD2/3. Interference with METTL3/METTL14 attenuated VSMC necroptosis, inflammatory response, and the AAA pathological process in vivo. The METTL3-METTL14 complex, which was increased by the activation of the SMAD2/3, elevated the m6A modification of rip3 mRNA by promoting the binding between YTHDF3 and rip3 mRNA, thus contributing to the progression of AAA. The activation of SMAD2/3 in VSMCs of abdominal aortic wall tissues is stimulated by Ang II. Subsequently, it promotes METTL3 METTL14 complex mediated m6A modification of rip3 mRNA. Meanwhile, the level of rip3 mRNA becomes more stable under the m6A reader of YTHDF3, which increases the protein level of RIP3 and further induces VSMC necroptosis. In addition, cell debris induces inflammatory factors in neighboring VSMCs and recruit monocytes/macrophages to the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Dongbin Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Shuiting Zhai
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Huilin Wu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Hongzhi Liu
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Fuwai Road, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 451464, Henan, China.
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Increased DNA Damage in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA-SMC). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:6237960. [PMID: 36743698 PMCID: PMC9891816 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6237960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for enhanced oxidative stress in the vascular wall of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction are hypothesized to be actors in altered production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. However, the role of mitochondria and oxidative stress in vascular remodelling and progression of AAA remains uncertain. We here addressed whether mitochondrial dysfunction is persistently increased in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from AAA compared to healthy VSMC. AAA-derived VSMC cultures (AAA-SMC, n = 10) and normal VSMC cultures derived from healthy donors (n = 7) were grown in vitro and analysed for four parameters, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction: (i) mitochondrial content and morphology, (ii) ROS production and antioxidative response, (iii) NADP+/NADPH content and ratio, and (iv) DNA damage, in the presence or absence of angiotensin II (AngII). AAA-SMC displayed increased mitochondrial circularity (rounded shape), reduced mitochondrial area, and reduced perimeter, indicating increased fragmentation and dysfunction compared to healthy controls. This was accompanied by significantly increased O2 - production, reduced NADP+/NADPH levels, a lower antioxidative response (indicated by antioxidative response element- (ARE-) driven luciferase reporter assays), more DNA damage (determined by percentage of γ-H2A.X-positive nuclei), and earlier growth arrest in AAA-SMC. Our data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are persistently increased in AAA-SMC, emphasizing their implication in the pathophysiology of AAA.
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Du L, Wang X, Chen S, Guo X. The AIM2 inflammasome: A novel biomarker and target in cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Res 2022; 186:106533. [PMID: 36332811 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is a cytoplasmic sensor that recognises the double-strand DNA. AIM2 inflammasome is a protein platform in the cell that initiates innate immune responses by cleaving pro-caspase-1 and converting IL-1β and IL-18 to their mature forms. Additionally, AIM2 inflammasome promotes pyroptosis by converting Gasdermin-D (GSDMD) to GSDMD-N fragments. An increasing number of studies have indicated the important and decisive roles of the AIM2 inflammasome, IL-1β, and pyroptosis in cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischaemia/reperfusion injury, heart failure, aortic aneurysm and ischaemic stroke. Here, we review the molecular mechanism of the activation and effect of the AIM2 inflammasome in cardiovascular disease, revealing new insights into pathogenic factors that may be targeted to treat cardiovascular disease and related dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuyang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaogang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Zheng Y, Xu L, Dong N, Li F. NLRP3 inflammasome: The rising star in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:927061. [PMID: 36204568 PMCID: PMC9530053 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.927061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the prevalent cause of mortality around the world. Activation of inflammasome contributes to the pathological progression of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, myocardial infarction, dilated cardiomyopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and calcific aortic valve disease. The nucleotide oligomerization domain-, leucine-rich repeat-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a critical role in the innate immune response, requiring priming and activation signals to provoke the inflammation. Evidence shows that NLRP3 inflammasome not only boosts the cleavage and release of IL-1 family cytokines, but also leads to a distinct cell programmed death: pyroptosis. The significance of NLRP3 inflammasome in the CVDs-related inflammation has been extensively explored. In this review, we summarized current understandings of the function of NLRP3 inflammasome in CVDs and discussed possible therapeutic options targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Karalko M, Pojar M, Zaloudkova L, Stejskal V, Timbilla S, Brizova P, Vojacek J. Transforming growth factor serum concentrations in patients with proven non-syndromic aortopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:980103. [PMID: 36148051 PMCID: PMC9485481 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.980103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanism underlying aortic dilatation is still unknown. Vascular dilatation is thought to be the result of progressive aortic media degeneration caused by defective vascular matrix hemostasis, including TGF-β1 dysregulation. The goal of this study is to draw attention to the potential utility of TGF-β1 as a diagnostic marker in non-syndromic patients with aortic dilatation. Methods TGF-β1 levels in plasma were measured in 50 patients who had undergone surgery and had a tricuspid or bicuspid aortic valve as well as a normal or dilated ascending aorta. A pathologist also examined thirty resected aorta samples. To specify the reference range of TGF-β1, a control group of 40 volunteers was enrolled in this study. Results We discovered a significant difference in TGF-β1 levels between patients with aortic dilatation and the control group (32.5 vs. 63.92; P < 0.001), as well as between patients with non-dilated aorta but with aortic valve disease, and the control group (27.68 vs. 63.92; P < 0.001). There was no difference between the dilated ascending aorta group and the non-dilated ascending aorta group. We found a poor correlation between TGF-β1 levels and ascending aorta diameter as well as the grade of ascending aorta histopathological abnormalities. Conclusion TGF-β1 concentration does not meet the criteria to be a specific marker of aortic dilatation, but it is sensitive to aortic valvulopathy-aortopathy. A larger patient cohort study is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikita Karalko
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Marek Pojar
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Marek Pojar,
| | - Lenka Zaloudkova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Vaclav Stejskal
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Salifu Timbilla
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Pavla Brizova
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Jan Vojacek
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
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12
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Ni L, Liu L, Zhu W, Telljohann R, Zhang J, Monticone RE, McGraw KR, Liu C, Morrell CH, Garrido-Gil P, Labandeira-Garcia JL, Lakatta EG, Wang M. Inflammatory Role of Milk Fat Globule-Epidermal Growth Factor VIII in Age-Associated Arterial Remodeling. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e022574. [PMID: 36000422 PMCID: PMC9496444 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.022574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Age‐associated aortic remodeling includes a marked increase in intimal medial thickness (IMT), associated with signs of inflammation. Although aortic wall milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor VIII (MFG‐E8) increases with age, and is associated with aortic inflammation, it is not known whether MFG‐E8 is required for the age‐associated increase in aortic IMT. Here, we tested whether MFG‐E8 is required for the age‐associated increase in aortic IMT. Methods and Results To determine the role of MFG‐E8 in the age‐associated increase of IMT, we compared aortic remodeling in adult (20‐week) and aged (96‐week) MFG‐E8 (−/−) knockout and age matched wild‐type (WT) littermate mice. The average aortic IMT increased with age in the WT from 50±10 to 70±20 μm (P<0.0001) but did not significantly increase with age in MFG‐E8 knockout mice. Because angiotensin II signaling is implicated as a driver of age‐associated increase in IMT, we infused 30‐week‐old MFG‐E8 knockout and age‐matched littermate WT mice with angiotensin II or saline via osmotic mini‐pumps to determine whether MFG‐E8 is required for angiotensin II–induced aortic remodeling. (1) In WT mice, angiotensin II infusion substantially increased IMT, elastic lamina degradation, collagen deposition, and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells; in contrast, these effects were significantly reduced in MFG‐E8 KO mice; (2) On a molecular level, angiotensin II treatment significantly increased the activation and expression of matrix metalloproteinase type 2, transforming growth factor beta 1, and its downstream signaling molecule phosphorylated mother against decapentaplegic homolog 2, and collagen type I production in WT mice; however, in the MFG‐E8 knockout mice, these molecular effects were significantly reduced; and (3) in WT mice, angiotensin II increased levels of aortic inflammatory markers phosphorylated nuclear factor‐kappa beta p65, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 molecular expression, while in contrast, these inflammatory markers did not change in knockout mice. Conclusions Thus, MFG‐E8 is required for both age‐associated proinflammatory aortic remodeling and also for the angiotensin II–dependent induction in younger mice of an aortic inflammatory phenotype observed in advanced age. Targeting MFG‐E8 would be a novel molecular approach to curb adverse arterial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leng Ni
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC) Baltimore MD.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC) Baltimore MD
| | - Wanqu Zhu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC) Baltimore MD
| | - Richard Telljohann
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC) Baltimore MD
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC) Baltimore MD
| | - Robert E Monticone
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC) Baltimore MD
| | - Kimberly R McGraw
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC) Baltimore MD
| | - Changwei Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Christopher H Morrell
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC) Baltimore MD
| | - Pablo Garrido-Gil
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS University of Santiago de Compostela Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) Madrid Spain
| | - Jose Luis Labandeira-Garcia
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS University of Santiago de Compostela Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) Madrid Spain
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC) Baltimore MD
| | - Mingyi Wang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC) Baltimore MD
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13
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Wortmann M, Klotz R, Kalkum E, Dihlmann S, Böckler D, Peters AS. Inflammasome Targeted Therapy as Novel Treatment Option for Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections: A Systematic Review of the Preclinical Evidence. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:805150. [PMID: 35127865 PMCID: PMC8811141 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.805150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Both aortic aneurysm and dissection are life threatening pathologies. In the lack of a conservative medical treatment, the only therapy consists of modifying cardiovascular risk factors and either surgical or endovascular treatment. Like many other cardiovascular diseases, in particular atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysm and dissection have a strong inflammatory phenotype. Inflammasomes are part of the innate immune system. Upon stimulation they form multi protein complexes resulting mainly in activation of interleukin-1β and other cytokines. Considering the gathering evidence, that inflammasomes are decisively involved in the emergence and progression of aortic diseases, inflammasome targeted therapy provides a promising new treatment approach. A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines on the current preclinical data regarding the potential role of inflammasome targeted drug therapy as novel treatment option for aortic aneurysms and dissections was performed. Included were all rodent models of aortic disease (aortic aneurysm and dissection) evaluating a drug therapy with direct or indirect inhibition of inflammasomes and a suitable control group with the use of the same aortic model without the inflammasome targeted therapy. Primary and secondary outcomes were incidence of aortic disease, aortic rupture, aortic related death, and the maximum aortic diameter. The literature search of MEDLINE (via PubMed), the Web of Science, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Registry of Registered Trials (CENTRAL) resulted in 8,137 hits. Of these, four studies met the inclusion criteria and were therefore eligible for data analysis. In all of them, targeting of the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome effectively reduced the incidence of aortic disease and aortic rupture, and additionally reduced destruction of the aortic wall. Treatment strategies aiming at other inflammasomes could not be identified. In conclusion, inflammasome targeted therapies, more precisely targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome, have shown promising results in rodent models and deserve further investigation in preclinical research to potentially translate them into clinical research for the treatment of human patients with aortic disease. Regarding other inflammasomes, more preclinical research is needed to investigate their role in the pathophysiology of aortic disease. Protocol Registration: PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021279893, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021279893
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wortmann
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Markus Wortmann
| | - Rosa Klotz
- Study Center of the German Surgical Society (SDGC), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva Kalkum
- Study Center of the German Surgical Society (SDGC), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Dihlmann
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dittmar Böckler
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas S. Peters
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Wu S, Lu W, Cheng G, Wu J, Liao S, Hu Q, Li X, Jiang B. DAPK1 may be a potential biomarker for arterial aneurysm in clinical treatment and activated inflammation levels in arterial aneurysm through NLRP3 inflammasome by Beclin1. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S563-S572. [PMID: 34796763 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211041667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Death-associated protein kinase (DAPK1) is one of the positive regulators of apoptosis, and it is widely involved in apoptosis induced by multiple pathways. We examined that the function of DAPK1 in Clinical treatment of arterial aneurysm and its underlying mechanisms. Arterial aneurysm is a common cerebrovascular disease with high disability and fatality rate. OBJECTIVES Male C57BL/6 mice or DAPK1-/- mice were injected with 50 mg/kg pentobarbital sodium and then were injected with angiotensin II (AngII) infusion for vivo model. hASMCs (Human artery smooth muscle cell) were treated with murine recombinant IL-6 (20 ng ml-1; Cell Signaling) for vitro model. RESULTS DAPK1 gene, mRNA expression, and protein expression were induced in mice of arterial aneurysm. DAPK1 mRNA expression was increased and Area Under Curve was 0.9075 in patients with arterial aneurysm. Knockout of DAPK1 decreased inflammation and vascular injury in mice model of arterial aneurysm. Beclin1/NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3) signal pathway is a critical downstream effector of DAPK1 by TAP production. The regulation of Beclin1 participated in the effects of DAPK1 on inflammation of arterial aneurysm by ATP-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome. The regulation of NLRP3 participated in the effects of DAPK1 on inflammation of arterial aneurysm. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data indicated that DAPK1 may be a potential biomarker for arterial aneurysm in clinical treatment and activated inflammation levels in arterial aneurysm through NLRP3 inflammasome by Beclin1. DAPK1 might be a key pathogenic event underlying excess inflammation of arterial aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senyan Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 91619The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 91619The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, PR China
| | - Guobing Cheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 91619The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, PR China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 91619The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, PR China
| | - Sheng Liao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 91619The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, PR China
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 91619The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 91619The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, PR China
| | - Buping Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 91619The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, PR China
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15
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Le T, He X, Huang J, Liu S, Bai Y, Wu K. Knockdown of long noncoding RNA GAS5 reduces vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis by inactivating EZH2-mediated RIG-I signaling pathway in abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Transl Med 2021; 19:466. [PMID: 34781960 PMCID: PMC8594130 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03023-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), an irreversible cardiovascular disease prevalent in the artery, causes the increase of the aneurysm diameter over time, and is a fatal phenomenon inducing sidewall rupture. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as promising biomarkers for AAA. In the present study, we sought to define the role of lncRNA growth-arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) in growth of smooth muscle cells (SMC) and progression of AAA. Methods Initially, we established angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced AAA mouse models and Ang II-treated vascular SMC model. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were adopted to determine expression of GAS5 and zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). After ectopic expression and depletion experiments in Ang II-treated mice and vascular SMCs, cell apoptosis was detected in SMCs using flow cytometry and in mice using TUNEL staining. The binding of GAS5 and EZH2 was evaluated using RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) and Co-IP assays. Results Increased GAS5 and RIG-I but decreased EZH2 were found in aortic tissues of AAA mice. EZH2 overexpression inhibited AAA formation and suppressed SMC apoptosis. Functionally, EZH2 blocked the RIG-I signaling pathway and consequently inhibited SMC apoptosis. GAS5 regulated EZH2 transcription in a negative manner in SMCs. Knockdown of GAS5 attenuated SMC apoptosis, which was reversed by EZH2 inhibition or RIG-I overexpression. Conclusions The current study demonstrated that GAS5 induced SMC apoptosis and subsequent AAA onset by activating EZH2-mediated RIG-I signaling pathway, highlighting GAS5 as a novel biomarker for AAA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03023-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Le
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kemin Wu
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Wortmann M, Peters AS, Erhart P, Körfer D, Böckler D, Dihlmann S. Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Aortic Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092433. [PMID: 34572082 PMCID: PMC8468335 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic diseases comprise aneurysms, dissections, and several other pathologies. In general, aging is associated with a slow but progressive dilation of the aorta, along with increased stiffness and pulse pressure. The progression of aortic disease is characterized by subclinical development or acute presentation. Recent evidence suggests that inflammation participates causally in different clinical manifestations of aortic diseases. As of yet, diagnostic imaging and surveillance is mainly based on ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Little medical therapy is available so far to prevent or treat the majority of aortic diseases. Endovascular therapy by the introduction of covered stentgrafts provides the main treatment option, although open surgery and implantation of synthetic grafts remain necessary in many situations. Because of the risks associated with surgery, there is a need for identification of pharmaceutical targets interfering with the pathophysiology of aortic remodeling. The participation of innate immunity and inflammasome activation in different cell types is common in aortic diseases. This review will thus focus on inflammasome activities in vascular cells of different chronic and acute aortic diseases and discuss their role in development and progression. We will also identify research gaps and suggest promising therapeutic targets, which may be used for future medical interventions.
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17
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Song W, Sun Y, Jiang Y. Osteopontin N-Terminal Function in an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm From Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:681790. [PMID: 34458254 PMCID: PMC8397420 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.681790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cleavage of osteopontin (OPN) by thrombin results in an N-terminal fragment (OPN-N), which exposes a cryptic integrin-binding motif that promotes the adherence of cells, and plays a proinflammatory role. However, the effect of OPN-N on abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of OPN-N in aortic tissue samples obtained from patients, who underwent acute aortic dissection (AD), and normal aorta, effect of OPN-N on angiotensin (Ang) II-induced AAA in mice, and relationship between OPN-N and pyroptosis-related inflammatory factors in vitro. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was conducted to detect histological changes. Next, we detected the expression of the OPN-N protein. Additionally, ApoE−/− mice were divided into four groups: control, control + M5Ab (to block the OPN-N function in mice), Ang II, and Ang II + M5Ab. All mice were euthanized after a 28-day infusion and whole aortas, including thoracic and abdominal aortas, were collected for morphological and histological analysis of the AAA. The OPN-N protein expression was higher in patients with AD than in normal individuals, while histological changes in the aortas of Ang II mice were suppressed in Ang II + M5Ab mice. The expression of OPN-N, NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3, pro-Caspase-1, ASC, Gasdermin-d, interleukin (IL)-18, IL-1β, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, and MMP9 was lower in the Ang II + M5Ab group than in the Ang II group. The gene expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α was suppressed in the aortic tissues of the Ang II + M5Ab group compared with the Ang II group. Moreover, the expression of α-smooth muscle actin was lower in the Ang II group than in the Ang II + M5Ab group. In vitro results showed that the increase in the expression of pyroptosis-related inflammatory factors induced by OPN was mediated through the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway. In conclusion, OPN-N promotes AAA by increasing the expression of pyroptosis-related inflammatory factors through the NF-κB pathway, inflammation, and extracellular matrix degradation. These results highlight the potential of OPN-N as a new therapeutic target to prevent AAA expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Liu
- Department of Heart Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yancui Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yinong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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18
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Shi J, Guo J, Li Z, Xu B, Miyata M. Importance of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. J Atheroscler Thromb 2021; 28:454-466. [PMID: 33678767 PMCID: PMC8193780 DOI: 10.5551/jat.rv17048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a chronic inflammatory degenerative aortic disease, which particularly affects older people. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multi-protein complex and mediates inflammatory responses by activating caspase 1 for processing premature interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. In this review, we first summarize the principle of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the functionally distinct classes of small molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors. Next, we provide a comprehensive literature review on the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome effector mediators (IL-1β and IL-18) and components (caspase 1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) and NLRP3) in clinical and experimental AAAs. Finally, we discuss the influence of genetic deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of individual effector mediators and components of NLRP3 inflammasome on experimental AAAs. Accumulating clinical and experimental evidence suggests that NLRP3 inflammasome may be a promise therapeutic target for developing pharmacological strategies for clinical AAA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Shi
- Center for Hypertension Care, Shanxi Medical University First Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Jia Guo
- Center for Hypertension Care, Shanxi Medical University First Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhidong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Masaaki Miyata
- School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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19
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Yuan Z, Lu Y, Wei J, Wu J, Yang J, Cai Z. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Roles of Inflammatory Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 11:609161. [PMID: 33613530 PMCID: PMC7886696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are local dilations of infrarenal segment of aortas. Molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AAA remain not fully clear. However, inflammation has been considered as a central player in the development of AAA. In the past few decades, studies demonstrated a host of inflammatory cells, including T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, B cells, and mast cells, etc. infiltrating into aortic walls, which implicated their crucial roles. In addition to direct cell contacts and cytokine or protease secretions, special structures like inflammasomes and neutrophil extracellular traps have been investigated to explore their functions in aneurysm formation. The above-mentioned inflammatory cells and associated structures may initiate and promote AAA expansion. Understanding their impacts and interaction networks formation is meaningful to develop new strategies of screening and pharmacological interventions for AAA. In this review, we aim to discuss the roles and mechanisms of these inflammatory cells in AAA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhejun Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Jiaxing, China
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20
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Zhao ZZ, Zheng XL, Jiang ZS. Emerging roles of absent in melanoma 2 in cardiovascular diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 511:14-23. [PMID: 32946794 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is a member of the PYHIN (pyrin and HIN domain-containing protein) family with important roles in sensing double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and assembling the AIM2 inflammasome, which has wide-ranging, pro-inflammatory and pro-pyroptotic properties. The AIM2 inflammasome can become activated in atherosclerotic plaque, abdominal aortic aneurysm wall and injured myocardium, and its activation is tightly regulated by a variety of atherogenic factors. Activation of the AIM2 inflammasome has close links to the progression of several cardiovascular diseases. This review will summarize the current knowledge of AIM2 biology, providing the latest insights into the mechanisms and contributions of atherogenic factors to AIM2 inflammasome activation. In addition, we will also explore crosstalk between AIM2 and the pathologies of atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, myocardial infarction and heart failure. A better understanding of the pathological roles of AIM2 in these disorders will be helpful in developing novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Zhi Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
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Wortmann M, Arshad M, Hakimi M, Böckler D, Dihlmann S. Deficiency in Aim2 affects viability and calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells from murine aortas and angiotensin-II induced aortic aneurysms. Mol Med 2020; 26:87. [PMID: 32933486 PMCID: PMC7493160 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells is a key element in vascular remodeling and aortic aneurysm growth. Previously, deletion of several inflammasome components decreased formation of aortic aneurysm (AA) in the Angiotensin II (AngII) -induced mouse model. We hypothesized that the inflammasome sensor Absent in melanoma 2 (Aim2) might affect the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), thereby reducing AA formation. Methods Aim2−/− mice and wild-type (WT) C57Bl/6 J mice were used as an animal model. VSMC were isolated from 6 months old mice and grown in vitro. Young (passage 3–5) and senescent (passage 7–12) cells were analyzed in vitro for calcification in mineralization medium by Alizarin Red S staining. Expression of calcification and inflammatory markers were studied by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting, release of cytokines was determined by ELISA. To induce AA, osmotic mini-pumps loaded with AngII (1500 ng/kg bodyweight/min) were implanted for 28 days in male mice at 6 months of age. Results Compared with VSMC from WT mice, VSMC isolated from Aim2−/− mice were larger, less viable, and underwent stronger calcification in mineralization medium, along with induction of Bmp4 and repression of Tnfsf11/Rankl gene expression. In addition, Aim2 deficiency was associated with reduced inflammasome gene expression and release of Interleukin-6. Using the mouse model of AngII induced AA, Aim2 deficiency reduced AA incidence to 48.4% (15/31) in Aim2−/− mice versus 76.5% (13/17) in WT mice. In contrast to Aim2−/− mice, AA from WT mice expressed significantly increased levels of alpha-smooth muscle actin/Acta2, indicating tissue remodeling. Reduced cell proliferation in Aim2−/− mice was indicated by significantly increased p16ink4a/Cdkn2a expression in untreated and AngII-infused aortas, and by significantly lower amounts of proliferating (Ki67 positive) VSMC in AngII-infused Aim2−/− mice. Conclusions Our results suggest a role for Aim2 in regulating VSMC proliferation and transition to an osteoblast-like or osteoclast-like phenotype, thereby modulating the response of VSMC in aortic remodeling and AA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wortmann
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maani Hakimi
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Present Address: Department of Vascular Surgery, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Spitalstrasse, 6000, Luzern 16, Switzerland
| | - Dittmar Böckler
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Dihlmann
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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22
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Zhao S, Chen F, Wang D, Han W, Zhang Y, Yin Q. NLRP3 inflammasomes are involved in the progression of postoperative cognitive dysfunction: from mechanism to treatment. Neurosurg Rev 2020; 44:1815-1831. [PMID: 32918635 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-020-01387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) involves patient memory and learning decline after surgery. POCD not only presents challenges for postoperative nursing and recovery but may also cause permanent brain damage for patients, including children and the aged, with vulnerable central nervous systems. Its occurrence is mainly influenced by surgical trauma, anesthetics, and the health condition of the patient. There is a lack of imaging and experimental diagnosis; therefore, patients can only be diagnosed by clinical observation, which may underestimate the morbidity, resulting in decreased treatment efficacy. Except for symptomatic support therapy, there is a relative lack of effective drugs specific for the treatment of POCD, because the precise mechanism of POCD remains to be determined. One current hypothesis is that postoperative inflammation promotes the progression of POCD. Accumulating research has indicated that overactivation of NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes contribute to the POCD progression, suggesting that targeting NLRP3 inflammasomes may be an effective therapy to treat POCD. In this review, we summarize recent studies and systematically describe the pathogenesis, treatment progression, and potential treatment options of targeting NLRP3 inflammasomes in POCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dunwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Qiliang Yin
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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23
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Khoury MK, Stranz AR, Liu B. Pathophysiology of Aortic Aneurysms: Insights from Animal Studies. CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2020; 4:498-514. [PMID: 32968712 PMCID: PMC7508467 DOI: 10.26502/fccm.92920146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms are defined as dilations of the aorta greater than 50 percent. Currently, the only effective treatment for aortic aneurysms is surgical repair, which is recommended only to those that meet criteria. There is no available pharmaceutical therapy to slow aneurysm growth and thus prevent lethal rupture. The development of a number of murine models has allowed in depth studies of various cellular and extracellular components of aneurysm pathophysiology. The identification of key therapeutic targets has resulted in several clinical trials evaluating pharmaceutical candidates to treat aneurysm progression. In this review, we focus on providing recent updates on developments in murine models of aortic aneurysm. In addition, we discuss recent studies of the various cellular and extracellular components of the aorta along with the abutting aortic structures that contribute to aneurysm development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitri K Khoury
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Amelia R Stranz
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, United States
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, United States
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24
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Abstract
Objective Receptor interacting proteins kinase 1 and 3 (RIPK1 and RIPK3) have been shown to play essential roles in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) by mediating necroptosis and inflammation. We previously discovered a small molecular inhibitor GSK2593074A (GSK’074) that binds to both RIPK1 and RIPK3 with high affinity and prevents AAA formation in mice. In this study, we evaluated whether GSK’074 can attenuate progression of existing AAA in the calcium phosphate model. Methods C57BL6/J mice were subjected to the calcium phosphate model of aortic aneurysm generation. Mice were treated with either GSK’074 (4.65 mg/kg/day) or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) controls starting 7 days after aneurysm induction. Aneurysm growth was monitored via ultrasound imaging every 7 days until harvest on day 28. Harvested aortas were examined via immunohistochemistry. The impact of GSK’074 on vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophages were evaluated via flow cytometry and transwell migration assay. Results At the onset of treatment, mice in both the control (DMSO) and GSK’074 groups showed similar degree of aneurysmal expansion. The weekly ultrasound imaging showed a steady aneurysm growth in DMSO-treated mice. The aneurysm growth was attenuated by GSK’074 treatment. At humane killing, GSK’074-treated mice had significantly reduced progression in aortic diameter from baseline as compared with the DMSO-treated mice (83.2% ± 13.1% [standard error of the mean] vs 157.2% ± 32.0% [standard error of the mean]; P < .01). In addition, the GSK’074-treated group demonstrated reduced macrophages (F4/80, CD206, MHCII), less gelatinase activity, a higher level of smooth muscle cell-specific myosin heavy chain, and better organized elastin fibers within the aortic walls compared with DMSO controls. In vitro, GSK’074 inhibited necroptosis in mouse aortic smooth muscle cells; whereas, it was able to prevent macrophage migration without affecting Il1b and Tnf expression. Conclusions GSK’074 is able to attenuate aneurysm progression in the calcium phosphate model. The ability to inhibit both vascular smooth muscle cell necroptosis and macrophage migration makes GSK’074 an attractive drug candidate for pharmaceutical treatment of aortic aneurysms. Previous clinical trials evaluating pharmaceutical treatments in blocking aneurysm progression have failed. However, most agents used in those trials focused on inhibiting only one mechanism that contributes to aneurysm pathogenesis. In this study, we found GSK’074 is able to attenuate aneurysm progression in the calcium phosphate model by inhibiting both vascular smooth muscle cell necroptosis and macrophage migration, which are both key processes in the pathogenesis of aneurysm progression. The ability of GSK’0474 to inhibit multiple key pathologic mechanisms makes it an attractive therapeutic candidate for aneurysm progression.
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25
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You W, Hong Y, He H, Huang X, Tao W, Liang X, Zhang Y, Li X. TGF-β mediates aortic smooth muscle cell senescence in Marfan syndrome. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3574-3584. [PMID: 31147528 PMCID: PMC6594817 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Formation of aortic aneurysms as a consequence of augmented transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction is a potentially lethal complication of Marfan syndrome (MFS). Here, we examined VSMC senescence in patients with MFS and explored the potential mechanisms that link VSMC senescence and TGF-β. Tissue was harvested from the ascending aorta of control donors and MFS patients, and VSMCs were isolated. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity and expression of senescence-related proteins (p53, p21) were significantly higher in aneurysmal tissue from MFS patients than in healthy aortic tissue from control donors. Compared to control-VSMCs, MFS-VSMCs were larger with higher levels of both SA-β-gal activity and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, TGF-β1 levels were much higher in MFS- than control-VSMCs. TGF-β1 induced VSMC senescence through excessive ROS generation. This effect was suppressed by Mito-tempo, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, or SC-514, a NF-κB inhibitor. This suggests TGF-β1 induces VSMC senescence through ROS-mediated activation of NF-κB signaling. It thus appears that a TGF-β1/ROS/NF-κB axis may mediate VSMC senescence and aneurysm formation in MFS patients. This finding could serve as the basis for a novel strategy for treating aortic aneurysm in MFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei You
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yimei Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Haiwei He
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xiaoran Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Wuyuan Tao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- Clinical Translational Medical Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xin Li
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
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Qin Y, Zheng B, Yang GS, Yang HJ, Zhou J, Yang Z, Zhang XH, Zhao HY, Shi JH, Wen JK. Salvia miltiorrhiza-Derived Sal-miR-58 Induces Autophagy and Attenuates Inflammation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:492-511. [PMID: 32679544 PMCID: PMC7360890 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is associated with the cytoprotection of physiological processes against inflammation and oxidative stress. Salvia miltiorrhiza possesses cardiovascular protective actions and has powerful anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects; however, whether and how Salvia miltiorrhiza-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) protect vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by inducing autophagy across species are unknown. We first screened and identified Sal-miR-58 from Salvia miltiorrhiza as a natural autophagy inducer. Synthetic Sal-miR-58 suppresses chronic angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation in mice, as well as induces autophagy in VSMCs and attenuates the inflammatory response elicited by Ang II in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, Sal-miR-58 downregulates Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3) expression through direct binding to the 3' UTR of KLF3, which in turn relieves KLF3 repression of E3 ubiquitin ligase neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like (NEDD4L) expression, whereas NEDD4L upregulation increases the ubiquitination and degradation of the platelet isoform of phosphofructokinase (PFKP), subsequently leading to a decrease in the activation of Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and facilitating VSMC autophagy induced by Sal-miR-58 in the context of chronic Ang II stimulation and aneurysm formation. Our results provide the first evidence that plant-derived Sal-miR-58 induces autophagy and attenuates inflammation in VSMCs through cross-species modulation of the KLF3/NEDD4L/PFKP regulatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; Department of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Gao-Shan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Hao-Jie Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Endocrine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050005, China
| | - Zhan Yang
- Department of Science and Technology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050005, China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Hong-Ye Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jian-Hong Shi
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; Department of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jin-Kun Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
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27
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Li Z, Kong W. Cellular signaling in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Cell Signal 2020; 70:109575. [PMID: 32088371 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are highly lethal cardiovascular diseases without effective medications. However, the molecular and signaling mechanisms remain unclear. A series of pathological cellular processes have been shown to contribute to AAA formation, including vascular extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammatory and immune responses, oxidative stress, and dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells. Each cellular process involves complex cellular signaling, such as NF-κB, MAPK, TGFβ, Notch and inflammasome signaling. In this review, we discuss how cellular signaling networks function in various cellular processes during the pathogenesis and progression of AAA. Understanding the interaction of cellular signaling networks with AAA pathogenesis as well as the crosstalk of different signaling pathways is essential for the development of novel therapeutic approaches to and personalized treatments of AAA diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.
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