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Yu WW, Chen QF, Liao K, Zhou DM, Yang YC, He M, Yu LJ, Guo DY, Xiao S, Xie RH, Zhou Y. The calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK16 regulates hypoxia-induced ROS production by phosphorylating the NADPH oxidase RBOHD in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:3451-3466. [PMID: 38833610 PMCID: PMC11371159 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is a key event in modulating plant responses to hypoxia and post-hypoxia reoxygenation. However, the molecular mechanism by which hypoxia-associated ROS homeostasis is controlled remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK16 regulates plant hypoxia tolerance by phosphorylating the plasma membrane-anchored NADPH oxidase respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RBOHD) to regulate ROS production in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). In response to hypoxia or reoxygenation, CPK16 was activated through phosphorylation of its Ser274 residue. The cpk16 knockout mutant displayed enhanced hypoxia tolerance, whereas CPK16-overexpressing (CPK16-OE) lines showed increased sensitivity to hypoxic stress. In agreement with these observations, hypoxia and reoxygenation both induced ROS accumulation in the rosettes of CPK16-OEs more strongly than in the rosettes of the cpk16-1 mutant or the wild type. Moreover, CPK16 interacted with and phosphorylated the N-terminus of RBOHD at 4 serine residues (Ser133, Ser148, Ser163, and Ser347) that were necessary for hypoxia- and reoxygenation-induced ROS accumulation. Furthermore, the hypoxia-tolerant phenotype of cpk16-1 was fully abolished in the cpk16 rbohd double mutant. Thus, we have uncovered a regulatory mechanism by which the CPK16-RBOHD module shapes the ROS production during hypoxia and reoxygenation in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences/School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qin-Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences/School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ke Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences/School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - De-Mian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences/School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yi-Cong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences/School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Miao He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Lu-Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences/School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - De-Ying Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences/School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ruo-Han Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences/School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences/School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Yue JY, Jiao JL, Wang WW, Jie XR, Wang HZ. Silencing of the calcium-dependent protein kinase TaCDPK27 improves wheat resistance to powdery mildew. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:134. [PMID: 36882703 PMCID: PMC9993671 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04140-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium ions (Ca2+), secondary messengers, are crucial for the signal transduction process of the interaction between plants and pathogens. Ca2+ signaling also regulates autophagy. As plant calcium signal-decoding proteins, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) have been found to be involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses. However, information on their functions in response to powdery mildew attack in wheat crops is limited. RESULT In the present study, the expression levels of TaCDPK27, four essential autophagy-related genes (ATGs) (TaATG5, TaATG7, TaATG8, and TaATG10), and two major metacaspase genes, namely, TaMCA1 and TaMCA9, were increased by powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt) infection in wheat seedling leaves. Silencing TaCDPK27 improves wheat seedling resistance to powdery mildew, with fewer Bgt hyphae occurring on TaCDPK27-silenced wheat seedling leaves than on normal seedlings. In wheat seedling leaves under powdery mildew infection, silencing TaCDPK27 induced excess contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS); decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT); and led to an increase in programmed cell death (PCD). Silencing TaCDPK27 also inhibited autophagy in wheat seedling leaves, and silencing TaATG7 also enhanced wheat seedling resistance to powdery mildew infection. TaCDPK27-mCherry and GFP-TaATG8h colocalized in wheat protoplasts. Overexpressed TaCDPK27-mCherry fusions required enhanced autophagy activity in wheat protoplast under carbon starvation. CONCLUSION These results suggested that TaCDPK27 negatively regulates wheat resistance to PW infection, and functionally links with autophagy in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Yu Yue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Lan Jiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wen Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Rui Jie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Zhong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang J, Cheng K, Ma B, Zhang W, Zheng L, Wang Y. CaCl 2 promotes the cross adaptation of Reaumuria trigyna to salt and drought by regulating Na +, ROS accumulation and programmed cell death. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 195:214-227. [PMID: 36641945 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Reaumuria trigyna, a salt-secreting xerophytic shrub endemic to arid desert regions of northwest China, is extremely adaptable to salt and aridity. In this study, we used PEG to simulates drought stress and investigated the effect of NaCl and CaCl2 on R. trigyna seedlings exposed to drought stress. Exogenous application moderate NaCl and CaCl2 were found to stimulate the growth and alleviate drought stress in R. trigyna seedlings. Moderate NaCl and CaCl2 combined treatment increased fresh weight and decreased electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in R. trigyna seedlings under drought stress. Simultaneously, leaf senescence and root damage induced by drought stress were alleviated, with programmed cell death (PCD) related genes expression down-regulated. Among them, the application of CaCl2 under drought and salt treatment is the most effective way to increase osmotic regulators content, antioxidant enzymes activities, and related genes expressions of plants under drought stress, which scavenged excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviated oxidative damage caused by drought stress. Meanwhile, CaCl2 can reduce the content of Na+and the ratio of Na+/K+ by promoting the outflow of Na+ and inflow of Ca2+, as well as the expression of ion transporter gene, and reduce the ionic toxicity caused by drought and salt cross adaptation. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the relevant beneficial indicators were positively correlated with the combined treatment. These results indicated that moderate NaCl can positively regulates defense response to drought stress in R. trigyna, while CaCl2 can significantly promote this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bingjie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Wenxiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lingling Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.
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Hu CH, Li BB, Chen P, Shen HY, Xi WG, Zhang Y, Yue ZH, Wang HX, Ma KS, Li LL, Chen KM. Identification of CDPKs involved in TaNOX7 mediated ROS production in wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1108622. [PMID: 36756230 PMCID: PMC9900008 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1108622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As the critical sensors and decoders of calcium signal, calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) has become the focus of current research, especially in plants. However, few resources are available on the properties and functions of CDPK gene family in Triticum aestivum (TaCDPK). Here, a total of 79 CDPK genes were identified in the wheat genome. These TaCDPKs could be classified into four subgroups on phylogenesis, while they may be classified into two subgroups based on their tissue and organ-spatiotemporal expression profiles or three subgroups according to their induced expression patterns. The analysis on the signal network relationships and interactions of TaCDPKs and NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases, NOXs), the key producers for reactive oxygen species (ROS), showed that there are complicated cross-talks between these two family proteins. Further experiments demonstrate that, two members of TaCDPKs, TaCDPK2/4, can interact with TaNOX7, an important member of wheat NOXs, and enhanced the TaNOX7-mediated ROS production. All the results suggest that TaCDPKs are highly expressed in wheat with distinct tissue or organ-specificity and stress-inducible diversity, and play vital roles in plant development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses by directly interacting with TaNOXs for ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Hu
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Shen
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Wei-Gang Xi
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Zong-Hao Yue
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Hong-Xing Wang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Ke-Shi Ma
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Li-Li Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Roles of Calcium Signaling in Gene Expression and Photosynthetic Acclimatization of Solanum lycopersicum Micro-Tom (MT) after Mechanical Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113571. [PMID: 36362362 PMCID: PMC9655782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A momentary increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ generates an oscillation responsible for the activation of proteins, such as calmodulin and kinases, which interact with reactive oxygen species (ROS) for the transmission of a stress signal. This study investigated the influence of variations in calcium concentrations on plant defense signaling and photosynthetic acclimatization after mechanical damage. Solanum lycopersicum Micro-Tom was grown with 0, 2 and 4 mM Ca2+, with and without mechanical damage. The expression of stress genes was evaluated, along with levels of antioxidant enzymes, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, histochemistry, photosynthesis and dry mass of organs. The ROS production generated by mechanical damage was further enhanced by calcium-free conditions due to the inactivation of the oxygen evolution complex, contributing to an increase in reactive species. The results indicated that ROS affected mechanical damage signaling because calcium-free plants exhibited high levels of H2O2 and enhanced expression of kinase and RBOH1 genes, necessary conditions for an efficient response to stress. We conclude that the plants without calcium supply recognized mechanical damage but did not survive. The highest expression of the RBOH1 gene and the accumulation of H2O2 in these plants signaled cell death. Plants grown in the presence of calcium showed higher expression of SlCaM2 and control of H2O2 concentration, thus overcoming the stress caused by mechanical damage, with photosynthetic acclimatization and without damage to dry mass production.
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Zhang B, Song Y, Zhang X, Wang Q, Li X, He C, Luo H. Identification and expression assay of calcium-dependent protein kinase family genes in Hevea brasiliensis and determination of HbCDPK5 functions in disease resistance. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1070-1083. [PMID: 35022787 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is one of the earliest factors to coordinate plant adaptive responses. As direct sensors and activators of Ca2+ signals, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) were reported to be widely involved in regulating different biotic and abiotic stress stimuli. In this study, 32 Hevea brasiliensis CDPK (HbCDPK) genes were predicted and classified into four subgroups. Among them, the full-length coding sequences of 28 HbCDPK genes were confirmed by RT-PCR and verified by sequencing. Putative cis-elements assay in the promoters of HbCDPKs showed that most of the HbCDPK genes contained gibberellic acid-responsive element (GARE), abscisic acid-responsive element (ABRE), salicylic acid-responsive element (SARE), defense and stress responsive element (TC-rich repeats) and low-temperature response element (LTR), which could be activated by different biotic and abiotic stresses. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that 28 HbCDPK genes respond to infection of pathogenic fungi and a variety of phytohormones. Subcellular localization was observed with most HbCDPKs located in cell membrane, cytoplasm or organelles. Some HbCDPKs were confirmed to cause reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and accumulation in rubber tree mesophyll protoplast directly. HbCDPK5 was strongly induced by the inoculation with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and was chosen for further analysis. HbCDPK5 localized to the cell membrane and cytoplasm, and obviously regulated the accumulation of ROS in rubber tree mesophyll protoplast. Overexpression of HbCDPK5 in Arabidopsis enhanced the resistance to Botrytis cinerea. These results indicate that rubber tree CDPK genes play important roles in plant disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
- Natural Rubber Cooperative Innovation Center of Hainan Province & Ministry of Education of PRC, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yufeng Song
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
- Natural Rubber Cooperative Innovation Center of Hainan Province & Ministry of Education of PRC, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qiannan Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
- Natural Rubber Cooperative Innovation Center of Hainan Province & Ministry of Education of PRC, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiuqiong Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chaozu He
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hongli Luo
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
- Natural Rubber Cooperative Innovation Center of Hainan Province & Ministry of Education of PRC, Hainan University, 58# Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
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Yang F, Miao Y, Liu Y, Botella JR, Li W, Li K, Song CP. Function of Protein Kinases in Leaf Senescence of Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:864215. [PMID: 35548290 PMCID: PMC9083415 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.864215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is an evolutionarily acquired process and it is critical for plant fitness. During senescence, macromolecules and nutrients are disassembled and relocated to actively growing organs. Plant leaf senescence process can be triggered by developmental cues and environmental factors, proper regulation of this process is essential to improve crop yield. Protein kinases are enzymes that modify their substrates activities by changing the conformation, stability, and localization of those proteins, to play a crucial role in the leaf senescence process. Impressive progress has been made in understanding the role of different protein kinases in leaf senescence recently. This review focuses on the recent progresses in plant leaf senescence-related kinases. We summarize the current understanding of the function of kinases on senescence signal perception and transduction, to help us better understand how the orderly senescence degeneration process is regulated by kinases, and how the kinase functions in the intricate integration of environmental signals and leaf age information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuchen Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jose R. Botella
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Weiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Hundacker J, Bittner N, Weise C, Bröhan G, Varama M, Hilker M. Pine defense against eggs of an herbivorous sawfly is elicited by an annexin-like protein present in egg-associated secretion. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:1033-1048. [PMID: 34713898 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Known elicitors of plant defenses against eggs of herbivorous insects are low-molecular-weight organic compounds associated with the eggs. However, previous studies provided evidence that also proteinaceous compounds present in secretion associated with eggs of the herbivorous sawfly Diprion pini can elicit defensive responses in Pinus sylvestris. Pine responses induced by the proteinaceous secretion are known to result in enhanced emission of (E)-β-farnesene, which attracts egg parasitoids killing the eggs. Here, we aimed to identify the defense-eliciting protein and elucidate its function. After isolating the defense-eliciting protein from D. pini egg-associated secretion by ultrafiltration and gel electrophoresis, we identified it by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry as an annexin-like protein, which we named 'diprionin'. Further GC-MS analyses showed that pine needles treated with heterologously expressed diprionin released enhanced quantities of (E)-β-farnesene. Our bioassays confirmed attractiveness of diprionin-treated pine to egg parasitoids. Expression of several pine candidate genes involved in terpene biosynthesis and regulation of ROS homeostasis was similarly affected by diprionin and natural sawfly egg deposition. However, the two treatments had different effects on expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PR1, PR5). Diprionin is the first egg-associated proteinaceous elicitor of indirect plant defense against insect eggs described so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janik Hundacker
- Department of Applied Zoology and Animal Ecology, Freie Universität Berlin, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Bittner
- Department of Applied Zoology and Animal Ecology, Freie Universität Berlin, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Weise
- Department of Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Bröhan
- Department of Applied Zoology and Animal Ecology, Freie Universität Berlin, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martti Varama
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Monika Hilker
- Department of Applied Zoology and Animal Ecology, Freie Universität Berlin, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
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Cheng H, Pan G, Zhou N, Zhai Z, Yang L, Zhu H, Cui X, Zhao P, Zhang H, Li S, Yang B, Jiang YQ. Calcium-dependent Protein Kinase 5 (CPK5) positively modulates drought tolerance through phosphorylating ABA-Responsive Element Binding Factors in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 315:111125. [PMID: 35067297 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Drought is an environmental stress that causes severe crop loss. Drought stress can induce abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation and cytoplasmic calcium oscillation. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) constitute a group of Ser/Thr protein kinases decoding calcium signals. However, the function and molecular mechanisms of most CPKs in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) remain unknown. Here, we report the functional characterization of BnaCPK5 in drought stress tolerance. BnaCPK5 belongs to Group I of the CPK family and was localized at the plasma membrane and nuclei. Overexpression of BnaCPK5 enhanced drought stress tolerance compared with the control. A screening of interacting proteins identified that BnaCPK5 interacted strongly with two ABA-Responsive Element Binding Factors (ABF/AREBs), BnaABF3 and BnaABF4. BnaCPK5 was shown to phosphorylate both BnaABF3 and BnaABF4 in a kinase assay. Further, it was found that the phosphorylation of BnaABF3 and BnaABF4 by BnaCPK5 increased their transcriptional activities against the famous drought stress marker gene, Responsive to Dehydration (RD) 29B and protein stability. Taken together, these data demonstrate that BnaCPK5 acts as a positive regulator of drought tolerance by, at least in part, phosphorylating two core ABA-signaling components to modulate Late-Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA)-like RD29B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haokun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Gengyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Na Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zengkang Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Huafan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Peiyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hanfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shaojun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Yuan-Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Qi WY, Li Q, Chen H, Liu J, Xing SF, Xu M, Yan Z, Song C, Wang SG. Selenium nanoparticles ameliorate Brassica napus L. cadmium toxicity by inhibiting the respiratory burst and scavenging reactive oxygen species. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125900. [PMID: 33975164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widely distributed soil contaminant which induces oxidative damage and is therefore toxic to plants. Although selenium oxyanions such as selenite (SeO32-) and selenate (SeO42-) can alleviate Cd stress to plants, it is not known whether selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are able to do the same. The present study demonstrated the positive impact of both SeNPs and SeO32- on Brassica napus L. growth under conditions of Cd stress. Underlying mechanisms were elucidated using an oxidative stress detection assay, whole-genome RNA sequencing, and RT-qPCR. Application of selenium, especially in the form of SeNPs, decreased Cd-induced reactive oxygen species production by inhibiting the expression of NADPH oxidases (BnaRBOHC, BnaRBOHD1, and BnaRBOHF1) and glycolate oxidase (BnaGLO), thereby decreasing oxidative protein and membrane lipid damage. In addition, SeNPs improved resistance to Cd stress by decreasing Cd accumulation, maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis, promoting disulfide bond formation, and restoring the waxy outer layer of the leaf surface. Although both forms of selenium decreased Cd toxicity, the beneficial concentration range was more extensive for SeNPs than for SeO32-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Qi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi 276002, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Su-Fang Xing
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Meng Xu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi 276002, China
| | - Zhen Yan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chao Song
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shu-Guang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Ren H, Zhao X, Li W, Hussain J, Qi G, Liu S. Calcium Signaling in Plant Programmed Cell Death. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051089. [PMID: 34063263 PMCID: PMC8147489 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a process intended for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by eliminating old, damaged, or unwanted cells. In plants, PCD takes place during developmental processes and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In contrast to the field of animal studies, PCD is not well understood in plants. Calcium (Ca2+) is a universal cell signaling entity and regulates numerous physiological activities across all the kingdoms of life. The cytosolic increase in Ca2+ is a prerequisite for the induction of PCD in plants. Although over the past years, we have witnessed significant progress in understanding the role of Ca2+ in the regulation of PCD, it is still unclear how the upstream stress perception leads to the Ca2+ elevation and how the signal is further propagated to result in the onset of PCD. In this review article, we discuss recent advancements in the field, and compare the role of Ca2+ signaling in PCD in biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, we discuss the upstream and downstream components of Ca2+ signaling and its crosstalk with other signaling pathways in PCD. The review is expected to provide new insights into the role of Ca2+ signaling in PCD and to identify gaps for future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Wenjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Jamshaid Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan;
| | - Guoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.Q.); (S.L.)
| | - Shenkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.Q.); (S.L.)
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