LINC01419 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma via sponging miR-519b-3p to up-regulate RCCD1

Differential expression and clinical significance of long non-coding RNAs in the development and progression of lung adenocarcinoma

With the development of gene testing technology, we have found many different genes, and lncRNA is one of them. LncRNAs refer to a non-protein coding RNA molecule with a length of more than 200bp, which is one of the focuses of research on human malignant diseases such as LUAD. LncRNAs act as an oncogene or inhibitor to regulate the occurrence and progression of tumors. The differential expression of LncRNAs promotes or inhibits the progression of lung adenocarcinoma by affecting cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and apoptosis, thus affecting the prognosis and survival rate of patients. Therefore, LncRNAs can be used as a potential target for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The early diagnosis of the disease was made through the detection of tumor markers. Because lung adenocarcinoma is not easy to diagnose in the early stage and tumor markers are easy to ignore, LncRNAs play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. The main purpose of this article is to summarize the known effects of LncRNAs on lung adenocarcinoma, the effect of differential expression of LncRNAs on the progression of lung adenocarcinoma, and related signal transduction pathways. And to provide a new idea for the future research of lung adenocarcinoma-related LncRNAs.

LncRNA DLG5-AS1 facilitates breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion by promoting EZH2-mediated transcriptional silencing of SFRP1

Rapid proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer contributed to poor clinical prognosis. Accumulating evidence revealed that the dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) was associated with breast cancer progression. However, the role of lncRNA DLG5-AS1 in breast cancer has not been established. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of DLG5-AS1 in the development of breast cancer. We found that the expression of DLG5-AS1 was significantly upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. DLG5-AS1 interference markedly restrained AU565 cell proliferation, invasion, the expression of apoptosis related (caspase3 and caspase8) and Wnt/β-catenin pathway related proteins (wnt5a, β-Catenin and c-Myc), as well as promoted cell apoptosis, whereas DLG5-AS1 overexpression showed an opposite effects. In addition, DLG5-AS1 could directly bind with miR-519 b-3p. We also found that enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a direct target of miR-519 b-3p, and DLG5-AS1 upregulated EZH2 expression by inhibiting the expression of miR-519 b-3p. EZH2 restrained secreted frizzled related protein 1 (SFRP1) expression through inducing H3 histone methylation in its promoter. MiR-519 b-3p overexpression or SFRP1 knockdown memorably reversed the effects of DLG5-AS1 overexpression on cell functions and Wnt/β-Catenin pathway related protein expression. Finally, in vivo experiments demonstrated that silencing of DLG5-AS1 inhibited xenograft tumor development in mice. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that DLG5-AS1 facilitated cell proliferation and invasion by promoting EZH2-mediated transcriptional silencing of SFRP1 in breast cancer.

Elucidating the molecular basis of ATP-induced cell death in breast cancer: Construction of a robust prognostic model

BACKGROUND

Breast cancer is a multifaceted and formidable disease with profound public health implications. Cell demise mechanisms play a pivotal role in breast cancer pathogenesis, with ATP-triggered cell death attracting mounting interest for its unique specificity and potential therapeutic pertinence.

AIM

To investigate the impact of ATP-induced cell death (AICD) on breast cancer, enhancing our understanding of its mechanism.

METHODS

The foundational genes orchestrating AICD mechanisms were extracted from the literature, underpinning the establishment of a prognostic model. Simultaneously, a microRNA (miRNA) prognostic model was constructed that mirrored the gene-based prognostic model. Distinctions between high- and low-risk cohorts within mRNA and miRNA characteristic models were scrutinized, with the aim of delineating common influence mechanisms, substantiated through enrichment analysis and immune infiltration assessment.

RESULTS

The mRNA prognostic model in this study encompassed four specific mRNAs: P2X purinoceptor 4, pannexin 1, caspase 7, and cyclin 2. The miRNA prognostic model integrated four pivotal miRNAs: hsa-miR-615-3p, hsa-miR-519b-3p, hsa-miR-342-3p, and hsa-miR-324-3p. B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages exhibited inverse correlations with risk scores across all breast cancer subtypes. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that genes differentially expressed in response to mRNA risk scores significantly enriched 25 signaling pathways, while miRNA risk scores significantly enriched 29 signaling pathways, with 16 pathways being jointly enriched.

CONCLUSION

Of paramount significance, distinct mRNA and miRNA signature models were devised tailored to AICD, both potentially autonomous prognostic factors. This study's elucidation of the molecular underpinnings of AICD in breast cancer enhances the arsenal of potential therapeutic tools, offering an unparalleled window for innovative interventions. Essentially, this paper reveals the hitherto enigmatic link between AICD and breast cancer, potentially leading to revolutionary progress in personalized oncology.

RCCD1 promotes breast carcinogenesis through regulating hypoxia-associated mitochondrial homeostasis

Regulator of chromosome condensation domain-containing protein 1 (RCCD1), previously reported as a partner of histone H3K36 demethylase KDM8 involved in chromosome segregation, has been identified as a potential driver for breast cancer in a recent transcriptome-wide association study. We report here that, unexpectedly, RCCD1 is also localized in mitochondria. We show that RCCD1 resides in the mitochondrial matrix, where it interacts with the mitochondrial contact site/cristae organizing system (MICOS) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to regulate mtDNA transcription, oxidative phosphorylation, and the production of reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, RCCD1 is upregulated under hypoxic conditions, leading to decreased generation of reactive oxygen species and alleviated apoptosis favoring cancer cell survival. We show that RCCD1 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro and accelerates breast tumor growth in vivo. Indeed, RCCD1 is overexpressed in breast carcinomas, and its level of expression is associated with aggressive breast cancer phenotypes and poor patient survival. Our study reveals an additional dimension of RCCD1 functionality in regulating mitochondrial homeostasis, whose dysregulation inflicts pathologic states such as breast cancer.

The role of LINC01419 in regulating the cell stemness in lung adenocarcinoma through recruiting EZH2 and regulating FBP1 expression

Background

Recent years have witnessed a growing academic interest in the effects of lncRNAs on tumors. LINC01419 is found to facilitate proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells, but there is a great deal of uncertainty about how LINC01419 works on LUAD cell stemness. For this reason, the focus of this research is centered on the regulatory impact of LINC01419 on LUAD cell stemness.

Methods

For the detection of the expression level of LINC01419 in LUAD, qRT-PCR was performed. And how oe-LINC01419 and sh-LINC01419 affected LUAD cell proliferation as well as stem cell sphere-formation were examined by CCK-8 and cell sphere-forming assays. In addition, whether LINC01419 could recruit EZH2 and regulate FBP1 expression were determined by bioinformatics analysis, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Western blot was utilized to detect the protein expression levels of FBP1, CD44, CD133, and ALDH-1 as well.

Results

On the basis of the findings from those assays, an up-regulation of LINC01419 level was demonstrated in LUAD cell lines, and a remarkable upregulation of it in CD44 + LUAD cells. In LUAD cells, proliferation and stem cell sphere-formation that were attenuated by LINC01419 knockdown were discovered to be facilitated by LINC01419 overexpression. And a binding relationship between LINC01419 and EZH2 was determined by RIP assay. Besides, EZH2 was capable of binding to FBP1 promoter region, as found by ChIP-PCR assay. Finally, it was demonstrated by in vitro experiments that LINC01419 could inhibit FBP1 expression by recruiting EZH2, resulting in promotion of LUAD cell proliferation and stemness.

Significance

To summarize, our findings demonstrate a cancer-promoting role of LINC01419 in LUAD. LINC01419, by recruiting EZH2 and regulating FBP1 expression, contributes to LUAD cell stemness. According to these findings, the potential of LINC01419 to be the target for LUAD treatment is hence determined, which also adds more possibility to the enrichment of therapeutic strategies for lung cancer stem cells.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13062-022-00336-8.

Long noncoding RNA LINC01419 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy by mediating miR-485-5p/LSM4 axis

To investigate the effect of long noncoding RNA (LINC01419)/miR-485-5p/LSM4 on the malignant behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The expressions of LINC01419, miR-485-5p, and LSM4 were determined in HCC at the cellular and clinical levels, and cell biological behavior was evaluated. The relationships between LINC01419, miR-485-5p, and LSM4 were predicted and verified. Additionally, the subcellular localization of LINC01419 in HCC cells was analyzed. Finally, an animal experiment was conducted to confirm the effect of LINC01419 silencing on tumor growth. in HCC tissues and cells, LINC01419 and LSM4 were increasingly expressed, but miR-485-5p was decreasingly expressed. LINC01419 negatively regulated miR-485-5p- and miR-485-5p-targeted LSM4. LINC01419 was localized in the cytoplasm of HCC cells. Downregulation of miR-485-5p or upregulation of LSM4 reversed the inhibition of HCC cell malignant behavior by LINC01419 interference. LINC01419 sponges miR-485-5p to upregulate LSM4 expression, thereby facilitating the biological behavior of HCC cells.

Comprehensive Analysis of Ferroptosis-Related LncRNAs in Breast Cancer Patients Reveals Prognostic Value and Relationship With Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous malignant tumor, leading to the second major cause of female mortality. This study aimed to establish an in-depth relationship between ferroptosis-related LncRNA (FRlncRNA) and the prognosis as well as immune microenvironment of the patients with BC. Methods: We downloaded and integrated the gene expression data and the clinical information of the patients with BC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The co-expression network analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis were performed to screen out the FRlncRNAs related to prognosis. A cluster analysis was adopted to explore the difference of immune microenvironment between the clusters. Furthermore, we determined the optimal survival-related FRLncRNAs for final signature by LASSO Cox regression analysis. Afterward, we constructed and validated the prediction models, which were further tested in different subgroups. Results: A total of 31 FRLncRNAs were filtrated as prognostic biomarkers. Two clusters were determined, and C1 showed better prognosis and higher infiltration level of immune cells, such as B cells naive, plasma cells, T cells CD8, and T cells CD4 memory activated. However, there were no significantly different clinical characters between the clusters. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that some metabolism-related pathways and immune-associated pathways were exposed. In addition, 12 FRLncRNAs were determined by LASSO analysis and used to construct a prognostic signature. In both the training and testing sets, patients in the high-risk group had a worse survival than the low-risk patients. The area under the curves (AUCs) of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were about 0.700, showing positive prognostic capacity. More notably, through the comprehensive analysis of heatmap, we regarded LINC01871, LINC02384, LIPE-AS1, and HSD11B1-AS1 as protective LncRNAs, while LINC00393, AC121247.2, AC010655.2, LINC01419, PTPRD-AS1, AC099329.2, OTUD6B-AS1, and LINC02266 were classified as risk LncRNAs. At the same time, the patients in the low-risk groups were more likely to be assigned to C1 and had a higher immune score, which were consistent with a better prognosis. Conclusion: Our research indicated that the ferroptosis-related prognostic signature could be used as novel biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of BC. The differences in the immune microenvironment exhibited by BC patients with different risks and clusters suggested that there may be a complementary synergistic effect between ferroptosis and immunotherapy.

Mechanism of Circular RNA RAD23B for Regulating Glycolysis and Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Targeting MicroRNA-519b-3p

We investigated whether circRAD23B regulates glycolysis and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by targeting miRNA-519b-3p. circRAD23B expression in ovarian cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissues, and miRNA-519b-3p expression in ovarian cance tissues was significantly lower than that in paracancerous tissues (P < 0.05). Transfection sicircRAD23B or miRNA-519b-3p mimics can greatly attenuate cell viability, glucose consumption, lactic acid level, and CyclinD1 protein level (P < 0.05), and increase p21 protein level (P < 0.05). Double luciferase reporter experiment confirmed that circRAD23B could function as a miRNA-519b-3p sponge molecule. Co-transfection of si-circRAD23B and anti-miRNA-519b-3p could greatly decrease cell viability, glucose consumption, lactic acid level, and CyclinD1 protein level (P < 0.05), and increase p21 protein level by comparison with si-circRAD23B+anti-miRNA-NC group (P < 0.05). Inhibiting circRAD23B expression can, in turn, inhibit glycolysis and the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by up-regulating miRNA-519b-3p expression.

Analysis of ceRNA networks and identification of potential drug targets for drug-resistant leukemia cell K562/ADR

Background

Drug resistance is the main obstacle in the treatment of leukemia. As a member of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism, underlying roles of lncRNA are rarely reported in drug-resistant leukemia cells.

Methods

The gene expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in doxorubicin-resistant K562/ADR and sensitive K562 cells were established by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Expression of differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and DEmRNAs was validated by qRT-PCR. The potential biological functions of DElncRNAs targets were identified by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, and the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was further constructed. K562/ADR cells were transfected with CCDC26 and LINC01515 siRNAs to detect the mRNA levels of GLRX5 and DICER1, respectively. The cell survival rate after transfection was detected by CCK-8 assay.

Results

The ceRNA network was composed of 409 lncRNA-miRNA pairs and 306 miRNA-mRNA pairs based on 67 DElncRNAs, 58 DEmiRNAs and 192 DEmRNAs. Knockdown of CCDC26 and LINC01515 increased the sensitivity of K562/ADR cells to doxorubicin and significantly reduced the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of doxorubicin. Furthermore, knockdown of GLRX5 and DICER1 increased the sensitivity of K562/ADR cells to doxorubicin and significantly reduced the IC₅₀ of doxorubicin.

Conclusions

The ceRNA regulatory networks may play important roles in drug resistance of leukemia cells. CCDC26/miR-140-5p/GLRX5 and LINC01515/miR-425-5p/DICER1 may be potential targets for drug resistance in K562/ADR cells. This study provides a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance and deepens the understanding of the ceRNA regulatory mechanism related to drug resistance in CML cells.

miR-519d-3p Overexpression Inhibits P38 and PI3K/AKT Pathway via Targeting VEGFA to Attenuate the Malignant Biological Behavior of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Background

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous tumor that accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases worldwide. microRNAs (miRNAs) are believed to play an important role in regulating a variety of biological processes, including immunity and cancer. We investigated the effect of miR-519d-3p on the mitigation of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo.

Methods

RT-PCR or immunohistochemical assays were used to assess the expression of miR-519d-3p. Colony formation, flow cytometry, and transwell assay were respectively used to detect proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of A549 and NCI-H661 cell lines. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify targeting the relationship between mir-519d-3p and VEGFA. Western blot was used to examine the expression of Ki67, caspase-3, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, VEGF, P38, and PI3K/AKT. Animal models were established by BABL/c mice to research the effect of mir-519d-3p overexpression in vivo.

Results

In vitro, miR-519d-3p overexpression inhibited A549 and NCI-H661 cells proliferation, invasion, and also promoted apoptosis. In addition, miR-519d-3p overexpression downregulated VEGFA expression and decreased the P38 and PI3K/AKT phosphorylation level. In vivo, miR-519d-3p overexpression significantly restrained tumor volume (2087±265 mm³ vs 599±135 mm³, *P< 0.05) and tumor weight (0.45±0.08 g vs 0.13±0.06 g, *P<0.05) compared with the control group. Overexpression of miR-519d-3p downregulated levels of Ki67 and N-cadherin significantly.

Conclusion

The data indicated that miR-519d-3p could be a novel therapy or adjuvant against NSCLC.

LINC01419 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis through targeting EZH2-regulated RECK

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play significant roles in human tumorigenesis, for example, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study explored the role of LINC01419, a new lncRNA, in HCC. In vitro study revealed that LINC01419 promotes growth and migration of HCC cells. Genes that affected cell proliferation and cell migration were identified using RNA-sequence. Subsequently, it was confirmed that LINC01419 binds to EZH2, leading to histone methylation of the RECK promoter. Interaction between LINC01419 and FUS stabilized EZH2 mRNA thereby enhancing EZH2 expression. Conclusively, the results of this study confirm that LINC01419 may serve as a potential target for HCC diagnosis and treatment.

Upregulation of lncRNA ZFAS1 promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression by sponging miR-1271-5p and upregulating FRS2

Background

Nowadays, the important roles of long non‐coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) is being increasingly recognized. The purpose of this study was to explore the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA ZFAS1 in LAD.

Methods

The expression and function of lncRNA ZFAS1 were assessed by RT‐qPCR, CCK‐8, transwell and dual luciferase reporter assays.

Results

Upregulation of lncRNA ZFAS1 was found in LAD tissues and cells. Knockdown of lncRNA ZFAS1 restrained cell proliferation, migration and invasion in LAD cells. In addition, we determined that lncRNA ZFAS1 could directly bind to miR‐1271‐5p. MiR‐1271‐5p functioned as a tumor suppressor in LAD, and lncRNA ZFAS1 promoted LAD development by downregulating miR‐1271‐5p. Furthermore, FRS2 was a direct target of miR‐1271‐5p. FRS2 promoted progression of LAD by mediating lncRNA ZFAS1/miR‐1271‐5p axis.

Conclusions

LncRNA ZFAS1 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion in LAD by downregulating miR‐1271‐5p or upregulating FRS2.

Long non-coding RNA LINC01419 mediates miR-519a-3p/PDRG1 axis to promote cell progression in osteosarcoma

Background

Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most aggressive malignancies with mortality rate worldwide. Accumulating evidence has revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert important functions in regulation of cancer initiation and progression. Recently, long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1419 (LINC01419) has been reported to function as an oncogene in several cancers. However, its role in OS has not been explored yet.

Methods

qRT-PCR and western blot analyses were implemented to determine the expression of genes. The function of OS cells was assessed through colony formation, EdU, JC-1, TUNEL, transwell, and immunofluorescence (IF) assays. FISH and subcellular fractionation assays were conducted to estimate the localization of LINC01419 in OS cells. The interaction between genes was validated through luciferase reporter and RNA pull down assays.

Results

LINC01419 expression was elevated in OS tissues and cells. Functionally, LINC01419 accelerated OS cell proliferation, motility and EMT. In vivo assay showed that silencing LINC01419 hindered the growth of OS tumors. Mechanistic investigation unveiled that LINC01419 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to augment PDRG1 expression by miR-519a-3p sequestration. Rescue assays verified the oncogenic effect of LINC01419/miR-519a-3p/PDRG1 axis on OS development.

Conclusion

LINC01419 mediates malignant phenotypes in OS by targeting miR-519a-3p/PDRG1 axis.