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Tsukamoto M, Kawasaki T, Vemuri MC, Umezawa A, Akutsu H. A passage-free, simplified, and scalable novel method for iPSC generation in three-dimensional culture. Regen Ther 2024; 27:39-47. [PMID: 38496009 PMCID: PMC10940796 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have immense potential for use in disease modeling, etiological studies, and drug discovery. However, the current workflow for iPSC generation and maintenance poses challenges particularly during the establishment phase when specialized skills are required. Although three-dimensional culture systems offer scalability for maintaining established iPSCs, the enzymatic dissociation step is complex and time-consuming. In this study, a novel approach was developed to address these challenges by enabling iPSC generation, maintenance, and differentiation without the need for two-dimensional culture or enzymatic dissociation. This streamlined method offers a more convenient workflow, reduces variability and labor for technicians, and opens up avenues for advancements in iPSC research and broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Tsukamoto
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kawasaki
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Mohan C. Vemuri
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 7335 Executive Way, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Hidenori Akutsu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
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2
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Yan X, Liu X, Zhao C, Chen GQ. Applications of synthetic biology in medical and pharmaceutical fields. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:199. [PMID: 37169742 PMCID: PMC10173249 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic biology aims to design or assemble existing bioparts or bio-components for useful bioproperties. During the past decades, progresses have been made to build delicate biocircuits, standardized biological building blocks and to develop various genomic/metabolic engineering tools and approaches. Medical and pharmaceutical demands have also pushed the development of synthetic biology, including integration of heterologous pathways into designer cells to efficiently produce medical agents, enhanced yields of natural products in cell growth media to equal or higher than that of the extracts from plants or fungi, constructions of novel genetic circuits for tumor targeting, controllable releases of therapeutic agents in response to specific biomarkers to fight diseases such as diabetes and cancers. Besides, new strategies are developed to treat complex immune diseases, infectious diseases and metabolic disorders that are hard to cure via traditional approaches. In general, synthetic biology brings new capabilities to medical and pharmaceutical researches. This review summarizes the timeline of synthetic biology developments, the past and present of synthetic biology for microbial productions of pharmaceutics, engineered cells equipped with synthetic DNA circuits for diagnosis and therapies, live and auto-assemblied biomaterials for medical treatments, cell-free synthetic biology in medical and pharmaceutical fields, and DNA engineering approaches with potentials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Liu
- PhaBuilder Biotech Co. Ltd., Shunyi District, Zhaoquan Ying, 101309, Beijing, China
| | - Cuihuan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- MOE Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Dept Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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3
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Wang Y, Wei J, Zhang P, Zhang X, Wang Y, Chen W, Zhao Y, Cui X. Neuregulin-1, a potential therapeutic target for cardiac repair. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:945206. [PMID: 36120374 PMCID: PMC9471952 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.945206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NRG1 (Neuregulin-1) is an effective cardiomyocyte proliferator, secreted and released by endothelial vascular cells, and affects the cardiovascular system. It plays a major role in heart growth, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and other cardiovascular processes. Numerous experiments have shown that NRG1 can repair the heart in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemia reperfusion, heart failure, cardiomyopathy and other cardiovascular diseases. NRG1 can connect related signaling pathways through the NRG1/ErbB pathway, which form signal cascades to improve the myocardial microenvironment, such as regulating cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress, necrotic apoptosis. Here, we summarize recent research advances on the molecular mechanisms of NRG1, elucidate the contribution of NRG1 to cardiovascular disease, discuss therapeutic approaches targeting NRG1 associated with cardiovascular disease, and highlight areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianliang Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Yanan Zhao, ; Xiangning Cui,
| | - Xiangning Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yanan Zhao, ; Xiangning Cui,
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4
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Sakuma R, Kobayashi M, Kobashi R, Onishi M, Maeda M, Kataoka Y, Imaoka S. Brain Pericytes Acquire Stemness via the Nrf2-Dependent Antioxidant System. Stem Cells 2022; 40:641-654. [PMID: 35353891 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pericytes (PCs) are a mural support cell population elongated at intervals along the walls of capillaries. Recent studies reported that PCs are multipotent cells that are activated in response to tissue injury and contribute to the regenerative process. Using a C.B-17 mouse model of ischemic stroke, it has been proposed that normal brain pericytes (nPCs) are converted to ischemic pericytes (iPCs), some of which function as multipotent stem cells. Furthermore, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) promoted mesenchymal-epithelial transition in nPCs; however, nestin was not induced under OGD conditions. Therefore, further studies are needed to elucidate the PC reprogramming phenomenon. We herein isolated nPCs from the cortex of C.B-17 mice, and compared the traits of iPCs and nPCs. The results obtained showed that nPCs and iPCs shared common pericytic markers. Furthermore, intercellular levels of reactive oxygen species and the nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key player in antioxidant defenses, were higher in iPCs than in nPCs. OGD/reoxygenation and a treatment with tBHQ, an Nrf2 inducer, increased nestin levels in nPCs. Moreover, epithelial marker levels, including nestin, Sox2, and CDH1 (E-cadherin) mRNAs, were elevated in Nrf2-overexpressing PCs, which formed neurosphere-like cell clusters that differentiated into Tuj1-positive neurons. The present results demonstrate that oxidative stress and Nrf2 are required for the generation of stem cells after stroke and will contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Sakuma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Miku Kobayashi
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Rui Kobashi
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mako Onishi
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Maeda
- Multi-Modal Microstructure Analysis Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Laboratory for Cellular Function Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yosky Kataoka
- Multi-Modal Microstructure Analysis Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Laboratory for Cellular Function Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Susumu Imaoka
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
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Gaballah M, Penttinen K, Kreutzer J, Mäki AJ, Kallio P, Aalto-Setälä K. Cardiac Ischemia On-a-Chip: Antiarrhythmic Effect of Levosimendan on Ischemic Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061045. [PMID: 35326497 PMCID: PMC8947267 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Preserving functionality and preventing arrhythmias of the heart are key principles in the management of patients with IHD. Levosimendan, a unique calcium (Ca2+) enhancer with inotropic activity, has been introduced into clinical usage for heart failure treatment. Human-induced pluripotent cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) offer an opportunity to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease as well as to serve as a platform for drug screening. Here, we developed an in vitro IHD model using hiPSC-CMs in hypoxic conditions and defined the effects of the subsequent hypoxic stress on CMs functionality. Furthermore, the effect of levosimendan on hiPSC-CMs functionality was evaluated during and after hypoxic stress. The morphology, contractile, Ca2+-handling, and gene expression properties of hiPSC-CMs were investigated in response to hypoxia. Hypoxia resulted in significant cardiac arrhythmia and decreased Ca2+ transient amplitude. In addition, disorganization of sarcomere structure was observed after hypoxia induction. Interestingly, levosimendan presented significant antiarrhythmic properties, as the arrhythmia was abolished or markedly reduced with levosimendan treatment either during or after the hypoxic stress. Moreover, levosimendan presented significant protection from the sarcomere alterations induced by hypoxia. In conclusion, this chip model appears to be a suitable preclinical representation of IHD. With this hypoxia platform, detailed knowledge of the disease pathophysiology can be obtained. The antiarrhythmic effect of levosimendan was clearly observed, suggesting a possible new clinical use for the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Gaballah
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (K.P.); (K.A.-S.)
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-402574148
| | - Kirsi Penttinen
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (K.P.); (K.A.-S.)
| | - Joose Kreutzer
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (J.K.); (A.-J.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Antti-Juhana Mäki
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (J.K.); (A.-J.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Pasi Kallio
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (J.K.); (A.-J.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (K.P.); (K.A.-S.)
- Heart Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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Häkli M, Kreutzer J, Mäki AJ, Välimäki H, Lappi H, Huhtala H, Kallio P, Aalto-Setälä K, Pekkanen-Mattila M. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-based platform for modeling cardiac ischemia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4153. [PMID: 33603154 PMCID: PMC7893031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83740-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a major cause of death worldwide, and the only available therapy to salvage the tissue is reperfusion, which can initially cause further damage. Many therapeutics that have been promising in animal models have failed in human trials. Thus, functional human based cardiac ischemia models are required. In this study, a human induced pluripotent stem cell derived-cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM)-based platform for modeling ischemia-reperfusion was developed utilizing a system enabling precise control over oxygen concentration and real-time monitoring of the oxygen dynamics as well as iPS-CM functionality. In addition, morphology and expression of hypoxia-related genes and proteins were evaluated as hiPSC-CM response to 8 or 24 h hypoxia and 24 h reoxygenation. During hypoxia, initial decrease in hiPSC-CM beating frequency was observed, after which the CMs adapted to the conditions and the beating frequency gradually increased already before reoxygenation. During reoxygenation, the beating frequency typically first surpassed the baseline before settling down to the values close the baseline. Furthermore, slowing on the field potential propagation throughout the hiPSC-CM sheet as well as increase in depolarization time and decrease in overall field potential duration were observed during hypoxia. These changes were reversed during reoxygenation. Disorganization of sarcomere structures was observed after hypoxia and reoxygenation, supported by decrease in the expression of sarcomeric proteins. Furthermore, increase in the expression of gene encoding glucose transporter 1 was observed. These findings indicate, that despite their immature phenotype, hiPSC-CMs can be utilized in modeling ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martta Häkli
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Joose Kreutzer
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti-Juhana Mäki
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannu Välimäki
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Henna Lappi
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pasi Kallio
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Pekkanen-Mattila
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
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Arrhythmia Mechanisms in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 77:300-316. [PMID: 33323698 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Despite major efforts by clinicians and researchers, cardiac arrhythmia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Experimental work has relied on combining high-throughput strategies with standard molecular and electrophysiological studies, which are, to a great extent, based on the use of animal models. Because this poses major challenges for translation, the progress in the development of novel antiarrhythmic agents and clinical care has been mostly disappointing. Recently, the advent of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes has opened new avenues for both basic cardiac research and drug discovery; now, there is an unlimited source of cardiomyocytes of human origin, both from healthy individuals and patients with cardiac diseases. Understanding arrhythmic mechanisms is one of the main use cases of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, in addition to pharmacological cardiotoxicity and efficacy testing, in vitro disease modeling, developing patient-specific models and personalized drugs, and regenerative medicine. Here, we review the advances that the human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived-based modeling systems have brought so far regarding the understanding of both arrhythmogenic triggers and substrates, while also briefly speculating about the possibilities in the future.
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Cacciapuoti M, Johnson B, Kapdia A, Powell S, Gallicano GI. The Role of Neuregulin and Stem Cells as Therapy Post-Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:1266-1274. [PMID: 32731805 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease, including myocardial infarction (MI), is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Due to the limited self-renewal capacity of cardiac tissue, MIs can lead to progressive heart disease with a lasting impact on health and quality of life. The recent discovery of cardiac stem cells has incited research into their potential therapeutic applications for patients suffering from cardiovascular disease. Studies have demonstrated the ability of stem cells to both generate cardiac tissues in vitro and aid in the recovery of cardiovascular function in vivo in animal models. However, the long-term efficacy of stem cells as regenerative therapy is still unknown. Exploration of alternative therapies is underway, including the use of cardiac growth factor neuregulin-1 (NRG-1). Research has demonstrated that NRG-1 not only has direct effects on cardiomyocytes (CM) but also acts within the tissues supporting the CM. Transplantation of NRG-1 into ischemic cardiac tissue mitigates the progression of heart failure and can reverse cardiac remodeling. Recent publications have sought to study the combined use of these agents, and while the results are promising, they do warrant further research. This review aims to consider these therapies separately as well as in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cacciapuoti
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Bria Johnson
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Anjani Kapdia
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sarah Powell
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - G Ian Gallicano
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Machine-learning-based quality control of contractility of cultured human-induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:751-755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Modeling Cardiovascular Diseases with hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes in 2D and 3D Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093404. [PMID: 32403456 PMCID: PMC7246991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the generation of cardiac disease models based on human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has become of common use, providing new opportunities to overcome the lack of appropriate cardiac models. Although much progress has been made toward the generation of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs), several lines of evidence indicate that two-dimensional (2D) cell culturing presents significant limitations, including hiPS-CMs immaturity and the absence of interaction between different cell types and the extracellular matrix. More recently, new advances in bioengineering and co-culture systems have allowed the generation of three-dimensional (3D) constructs based on hiPSC-derived cells. Within these systems, biochemical and physical stimuli influence the maturation of hiPS-CMs, which can show structural and functional properties more similar to those present in adult cardiomyocytes. In this review, we describe the latest advances in 2D- and 3D-hiPSC technology for cardiac disease mechanisms investigation, drug development, and therapeutic studies.
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