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Leng X, Zhang M, Xu Y, Wang J, Ding N, Yu Y, Sun S, Dai W, Xue X, Li N, Yang Y, Shi Z. Non-coding RNAs as therapeutic targets in cancer and its clinical application. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100947. [PMID: 39149142 PMCID: PMC11325817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer genomics has led to the discovery of numerous oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that play critical roles in cancer development and progression. Oncogenes promote cell growth and proliferation, whereas tumor suppressor genes inhibit cell growth and division. The dysregulation of these genes can lead to the development of cancer. Recent studies have focused on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including circular RNA (circRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA), as therapeutic targets for cancer. In this article, we discuss the oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes of ncRNAs associated with different types of cancer and their potential as therapeutic targets. Here, we highlight the mechanisms of action of these genes and their clinical applications in cancer treatment. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer development and identifying specific therapeutic targets are essential steps towards the development of effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Leng
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yujing Xu
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ning Ding
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yancheng Yu
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shanliang Sun
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Weichen Dai
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin Xue
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Nianguang Li
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhihao Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
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Gomez EW, De Paula LB, Weimer RD, Hellwig AHDS, Rodrigues GM, Alegretti AP, de Oliveira JR. The potential of circHIPK3 as a biomarker in chronic myeloid leukemia. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1330592. [PMID: 38505596 PMCID: PMC10948418 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1330592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by leukocytosis and left shift. The primary molecular alteration is the BCR::ABL1, chimeric oncoprotein with tyrosine kinase activity, responsible for the initial oncogenesis of the disease. Therapy of CML was revolutionized with the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but it is still not considered curative and may present resistance and serious adverse effects. Discoveries in CML inaugurated a new era in cancer treatment and despite all the advances, a new biomarker is needed to detect resistance and adverse effects. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special type of non-coding RNA formed through a process called backsplicing. The majority of circRNAs are derived from protein-coding genes. CircHIPK3 is formed from the second exon of the HIPK3 gene and has been found in various pathologies, including different types of cancer. New approaches have demonstrated the potential of circular RNAs in cancer research, and circHIPK3 has shown promising results. It is often associated with cellular regulatory pathways, suggesting an important role in the molecular dynamics of tumors. The identification of biomarkers is an important tool for therapeutic improvement; thus we review the role of circHIPK3 and its potential as a biomarker in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Wandame Gomez
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics and Inflammation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Laboratory Diagnostic Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura Berti De Paula
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics and Inflammation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Diogo Weimer
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics and Inflammation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Grazielle Motta Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Laboratory Diagnostic Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Alegretti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Laboratory Diagnostic Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jarbas Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics and Inflammation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Cao SQ, Xue ST, Li WJ, Hu GS, Wu ZG, Zheng JC, Zhang SL, Lin X, Chen C, Liu W, Zheng B. CircHIPK3 regulates fatty acid metabolism through miR-637/FASN axis to promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:110. [PMID: 38431720 PMCID: PMC10908791 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01881-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic role of circRNA in cancers including esophageal cancer (EC) has been well studied. However, whether and how circRNAs are involved in cancer cell metabolic processes remains largely unknown. Here, we reported that circRNA, circHIPK3, is highly expressed in ESCC cell lines and tissues. Knockdown of circHIPK3 significantly restrained cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circHIPK3 was found to act as a ceRNA by sponging miR-637 to regulate FASN expression and fatty acid metabolism in ESCC cells. Anti-sense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting circHIPK3 substantially inhibited ESCC both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, these results uncover a modulatory axis constituting of circHIPK3/miR-637/FASN may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qiang Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Song-Tao Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Jian-Cong Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Shu-Liang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
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Toledo-Stuardo K, Ribeiro CH, Campos I, Tello S, Latorre Y, Altamirano C, Dubois-Camacho K, Molina MC. Impact of MICA 3'UTR allelic variability on miRNA binding prediction, a bioinformatic approach. Front Genet 2023; 14:1273296. [PMID: 38146340 PMCID: PMC10749337 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1273296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that participate as powerful genetic regulators. MiRNAs can interfere with cellular processes by interacting with a broad spectrum of target genes under physiological and pathological states, including cancer development and progression. Major histocompatibility complex major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) belongs to a family of proteins that bind the natural-killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor on Natural Killer cells and other cytotoxic lymphocytes. MICA plays a crucial role in the host's innate immune response to several disease settings, including cancer. MICA harbors various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in its 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR), a characteristic that increases the complexity of MICA regulation, favoring its post-transcriptional modulation by miRNAs under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we conducted an in-depth analysis of MICA 3'UTR sequences according to each MICA allele described to date using NCBI database. We also systematically evaluated interactions between miRNAs and their putative targets on MICA 3'UTR containing SNPs using in silico analysis. Our in silico results showed that MICA SNPs rs9266829, rs 1880, and rs9266825, located in the target sequence of miRNAs hsa-miR-106a-5p, hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-20a-5p, hsa-miR-20b-5p, hsa-miR-93, hsa-miR-1207.5p, and hsa-miR-711 could modify the binding free energy between -8.62 and -18.14 kcal/mol, which may affect the regulation of MICA expression. We believe that our results may provide a starting point for further exploration of miRNA regulatory effects depending on MICA allelic variability; they may also be a guide to conduct miRNA in silico analysis for other highly polymorphic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Toledo-Stuardo
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina H. Ribeiro
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ivo Campos
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Samantha Tello
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yesenia Latorre
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Karen Dubois-Camacho
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Maria Carmen Molina
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Zhang M, Sun Y, Xu H, Shi Y, Shen R, Teng F, Xu J, Jia X. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0007444 inhibits ovarian cancer progression through miR-23a-3p/DICER1 axis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:574-586. [PMID: 37057923 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the second leading cause of death in women with gynecological malignancy in China. Circular RNAs are a class of noncoding regulatory RNAs reported to be involved in cancer development and progression. Previous studies, including our own, have indicated that hsa_circ_0007444 is downregulated in ovarian cancer tissues. This study aims to elucidate the function and mechanism of hsa_circ_0007444 in ovarian cancer progression. The expression of hsa_circ_0007444 is determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis are examined by cell counting-kit 8 (CCK-8), transwell and flow cytometry assays. Tumor growth and metastasis are assessed in vivo using Balb/c nude mouse xenograft model and tail vein injection model. And the mechanism of action of hsa_circ_0007444 is analysed by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), luciferase reporter and rescue assays. hsa_circ_0007444 is downregulated in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines compared with that in normal ovarian tissues and normal epithelial cell line. Gain- and loss-of-function results indicate that hsa_circ_0007444 inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, migration and increases cell apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells in vitro, and inhibits tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0007444 can interact with AGO2 and sponge miR-23a-3p, thereby upregulating DICER1 expression, which is an important tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer. And miR-23a-3p mimics can rescue the inhibitory effect of hsa_circ_0007444 on ovarian cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Therefore, hsa_circ_0007444 can inhibit ovarian cancer progression through the hsa_circ_0007444/miR-23a-3p/DICER1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
- Department of Gynecology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Hanzi Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yaqian Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Rong Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Fang Teng
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Xuemei Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
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Fan B, Zheng C, Wang N, Chang Z, Liu Y, Wang C, Xiang J, Tao Y, Wang G, Zhang Q. CircSTK3 drives the metastasis of colorectal cancer by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. iScience 2023; 26:106170. [PMID: 36922993 PMCID: PMC10009203 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play crucial roles in malignancies. We aimed to delineate the functions and clinical importance of dysregulated circRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC). We determined the circRNA expression profile from five CRC and paired adjacent normal tissues using circRNA microarray. We found that a novel circRNA, hsa_circ_0004592 (named circSTK3), was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues and correlated with decreased survival. Loss- and gain-of-function assays revealed that circSTK3 promoted the migration and invasion but not proliferation of cells. Whole genome expression microarray identified potential downstream targets and the regulatory networks of circSTK3; Gene Ontology analysis confirmed circSTK3 involvement in the CRC metastasis phenotype. Abnormal circSTK3 expression affected a subset of genes associated with CRC metastasis and triggered epithelial-mesenchymal transition programming, maintaining a tumor-promoting signature. Moreover, circSTK3 was transcriptionally regulated by CTCF. These findings reveal the functional and prognostic roles of circSTK3 and expose circRNAs as key players in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Fan
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Chaojing Zheng
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zewen Chang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yunxiao Liu
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yangbao Tao
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Guiyu Wang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou 310000, China
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Dawoud A, Ihab Zakaria Z, Hisham Rashwan H, Braoudaki M, Youness RA. Circular RNAs: New layer of complexity evading breast cancer heterogeneity. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:60-74. [PMID: 36380816 PMCID: PMC9637558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in high-throughput sequencing techniques and bioinformatic analysis have refuted the "junk" RNA hypothesis that was claimed against non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Circular RNAs (circRNAs); a class of single-stranded covalently closed loop RNA molecules have recently emerged as stable epigenetic regulators. Although the exact regulatory role of circRNAs is still to be clarified, it has been proven that circRNAs could exert their functions by interacting with other ncRNAs or proteins in their own physiologically authentic environment, regulating multiple cellular signaling pathways and other classes of ncRNAs. CircRNAs have also been reported to exhibit a tissue-specific expression and have been associated with the malignant transformation process of several hematological and solid malignancies. Along this line of reasoning, this review aims to highlight the importance of circRNAs in Breast Cancer (BC), which is ranked as the most prevalent malignancy among females. Notwithstanding the substantial efforts to develop a suitable anticancer therapeutic regimen against the heterogenous BC, inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity have resulted in an arduous challenge for drug development research, which in turn necessitates the investigation of other markers to be therapeutically targeted. Herein, the potential of circRNAs as possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers have been highlighted together with their possible application as novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Dawoud
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeina Ihab Zakaria
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hannah Hisham Rashwan
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maria Braoudaki
- Clinical, Pharmaceutical, and Biological Science Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Rana A. Youness
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
- Clinical, Pharmaceutical, and Biological Science Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
- Biology and Biochemistry Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire hosted By Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, 11586, Cairo, Egypt
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The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Role of Circular RNA HIPK3 in Human Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102469. [PMID: 36292157 PMCID: PMC9601126 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs with closed-loop of single-stranded RNA structure. Although most of the circRNAs do not directly encode proteins, emerging evidence suggests that circRNAs play a pivotal and complex role in multiple biological processes by regulating gene expression. As one of the most popular circRNAs, circular homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 3 (circHIPK3) has frequently gained the interest of researchers in recent years. Accumulating studies have demonstrated the significant impacts on the occurrence and development of multiple human diseases including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory diseases, and others. The present review aims to provide a detailed description of the functions of circHIPK3 and comprehensively overview the diagnostic and therapeutic value of circHIPK3 in these certain diseases.
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circRNA TCFL5 Promote Esophageal Cancer Progression by Modulating M2 Macrophage Polarization via the miR-543-FMNL2 Axis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:5075615. [PMID: 35646112 PMCID: PMC9132701 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5075615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective The mechanism of circRNA on M2 macrophage polarization, which contributes to esophageal cancer, remains unclear. This study is aimed at clarifying the mechanism of circRNA on esophageal cancer by regulating M2 macrophage polarization. Methods The expression of circRNA TCFL5 and miR-543 was detected by qRT-PCR. Western blot was used to detect the expression of FMNL2 and CD163. CCK-8 and transwell assay was used to detect the proliferation, migration, and invasion of Eca109 and KYSE150, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect the CD163 positive cells. The contents of IL-10, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were detected by ELISA. A dual-luciferase reporter system was used to detect the regulation of miR-543 to circRNA TCFL5 and FMNL2. Results 156 upregulated circRNAs and 91 downregulated circRNAs in esophageal cancer tissues were identified, and the expression of circRNA TCFL5 showed the most significant upregulation. Overexpression of circRNA TCFL5 promotes proliferation, invasion, and migration of Eca109 and KYSE150 and promotes tumor growth in vivo. circRNA TCFL5 served as a sponge of miR-543, and FMNL2 was a downstream target gene of miR-543. circRNA TCFL5 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of Eca109 and KYSE150 by modulating the miR-543/FMNL2 axis. Macrophage M2 polarization promoted proliferation, invasion, and migration of Eca109 and KYSE150 cells, and circRNA TCFL5 mediated macrophage M2 polarization by regulating the FMNL2/miR-543 axis. Conclusion In the present study, we identified that circRNA TCFL5 was dramatically upregulated in esophageal cancer, and circRNA TCFL5 promotes esophageal cancer progression by modulating M2 macrophage polarization via the miR-543-FMNL2 axis, which provides a potential target for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
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Yao D, Lin S, Chen S, Wang Z. circHIPK3 regulates cell proliferation and migration by sponging microRNA-124 and regulating serine/threonine kinase 3 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9767-9780. [PMID: 35443871 PMCID: PMC9161938 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2060776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of important non-coding RNAs that widely involve in the physiological and pathophysiological process. Recent research has established a link between circHIPK3 and the malignant activity of cancer cells. However, circHIPK3’ role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) still needs more focus. To determine the prognostic value of circHIPK3 in patients with ESCC, the expression of circHIPK3 was quantified in 32 pairs of ESCC using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Then, the correlation between circHIPK3 expression and clinical characteristics of patients was also analyzed. The function of circHIPK3 in the development of ESCC was investigated using cell biology studies and bioinformatics. The results showed that the expression of circHIPK3 was considerably higher in tumor tissues from ESCC patients than that of adjacent tissues, which was associated with a poor prognosis. Additionally, silencing of circHIPK3 expression retarded esophageal cancer cell proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro, as well as the growth in vivo. Mechanistically, we discovered that circHIPK3 behaved like a sponge, absorbing microRNA-124 (miR-124) and promoting serine/threonine kinase 3 (AKT3) expression. Our findings indicate that circHIPK3 acts as an oncogene in ESCC and that the circHIPK3-AKT3 axis may be a therapeutic target for patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital. The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengcheng Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PeKing Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PeKing Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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11
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LncRNA SNHG11 enhances bevacizumab resistance in colorectal cancer by mediating miR-1207-5p/ABCC1 axis. Anticancer Drugs 2022; 33:575-586. [PMID: 35324517 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to serve as vital regulators in the chemoresistance of human cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we aimed to explore the functions of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 11 (SNHG11) in the resistance of CRC to bevacizumab. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blot assay or immunohistochemistry assay were performed to examine the expression of SNHG11, microRNA-1207-5p (miR-1207-5p), ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1 (ABCC1) and Ki67. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was conducted to evaluate bevacizumab resistance and cell viability. 5'-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine analysis, flow cytometry analysis and wound-healing assay were conducted for cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were employed to analyze the relations among SNHG11, miR-1207-5p and ABCC1. Murine xenograft model assay was employed to analyze bevacizumab resistance in vivo. The exosomes were observed under transmission electron microscopy. SNHG11 was overexpressed in bevacizumab-resistant CRC tissues and cells. Knockdown of SNHG11 restrained bevacizumab resistance, repressed cell proliferation and migration, and promoted apoptosis in bevacizumab-resistant CRC cells. MiR-1207-5p served as the target of SNHG11 and SNHG11 regulated bevacizumab resistance by targeting miR-1207-5p. ABCC1 was the target gene of miR-1207-5p. Overexpression of miR-1207-5p inhibited bevacizumab resistance and cell progression in bevacizumab-resistant CRC cells, with ABCC1 elevation abrogated the impacts. SNHG11 silencing repressed bevacizumab resistance in vivo. In addition, exosomal SNHG11 was upregulated in bevacizumab-resistant CRC cells. SNHG11 contributes to bevacizumab resistance in CRC depending on the modulation of miR-1207-5p and ABCC1.
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12
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Zhang S, Sun J, Gu M, Wang G, Wang X. Circular RNA: A promising new star for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:8725-8740. [PMID: 34796685 PMCID: PMC8683543 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract. According to the research of circular RNAs in the CRC field, compared with linear RNAs, circular RNAs are a special type of noncoding RNA that are covalently closed circular structures, which have no 5' cap structure and 3' polyA tail and are not affected by RNA exonuclease and actinomycin D. Biological functions Notably, circular RNAs have a high degree of stability and potential effect on gene regulation. Meanwhile, circular RNAs are involved in the sponge action of microRNAs and mediate protein translation and direct binding, alternative splicing, and histone modification. Relationships with CRC Studies have shown that circular RNAs are related to the proliferation, invasion, recurrence, metastasis, ferroptosis, apoptosis, and chemotherapy resistance of CRC. Conclusions This article provides a brief review based on the source, structural characteristics, mechanisms, biological functions of circular RNAs, and the relationships between CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhao Zhang
- Graduate School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Graduate School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Minqi Gu
- Graduate School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guihua Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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13
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Liu QL, Zhang Z, Wei X, Zhou ZG. Noncoding RNAs in tumor metastasis: molecular and clinical perspectives. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6823-6850. [PMID: 34499209 PMCID: PMC11073083 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the main culprit of cancer-associated mortality and involves a complex and multistage process termed the metastatic cascade, which requires tumor cells to detach from the primary site, intravasate, disseminate in the circulation, extravasate, adapt to the foreign microenvironment, and form organ-specific colonization. Each of these processes has been already studied extensively for molecular mechanisms focused mainly on protein-coding genes. Recently, increasing evidence is pointing towards RNAs without coding potential for proteins, referred to as non-coding RNAs, as regulators in shaping cellular activity. Since those first reports, the detection and characterization of non-coding RNA have explosively thrived and greatly enriched the understanding of the molecular regulatory networks in metastasis. Moreover, a comprehensive description of ncRNA dysregulation will provide new insights into novel tools for the early detection and treatment of metastatic cancer. In this review, we focus on discussion of the emerging role of ncRNAs in governing cancer metastasis and describe step by step how ncRNAs impinge on cancer metastasis. In particular, we highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of ncRNAs in metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Luo Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zong-Guang Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Xu H, He Y, Lin L, Li M, Zhou Z, Yang Y. MiR-1207-5p targets PYCR1 to inhibit the progression of prostate cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 575:56-64. [PMID: 34461437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer, the most common non-cutaneous male cancer, is a public health problem with a third prevalence worldwide. PYCR1 and miR-1207-5p dysregulations were found in cancer progression. Our study aims to reveal the biological role of miR-1207-5p-PYCR1 axis in prostate cancer progression. First, we investigated the expression of miR-1207-5p in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines by RT-qPCR. Next, we confirmed miR-1207-5p targeting PYCR1 by luciferase assay. CCK-8 assay, BrdU assay, flow cytometry, and tanswell assay were applied for examining cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion in prostate cancer cells, respectively. In the present study, decreased miR-1207-5p expression was obviously observed in prostate cancer tissues and cells. Upregulation of miR-1207-5p hampered cellular proliferation and invasion, while enhanced cellular apoptosis. In addition, upregulation of PYCR1 elevated cell proliferation and invasion, but repressed apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Moreover, miR-1207-5p inhibited the expression of PYCR1 to repress prostate cancer tumorigenesis. MiR-1207-5p inhibited the expression of PYCR1 to repress the progression of prostate cancer by inhibiting cell growth and elevating cell apoptosis. Overall, our study clarifies the biological role of miR-1207-5p-PYCR1 axis in prostate cancer progression, which might be effective biomarkers for clinical treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Meixiang Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeqiang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
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15
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Wu Y, Dai F, Zhang Y, Zheng X, Li L, Zhang Y, Cao J, Gao W. miR-1207-5p suppresses laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma progression by downregulating SKA3 and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 22:152-165. [PMID: 34514096 PMCID: PMC8416975 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the second most common head and neck cancer. Previously, we discovered that miR-1207-5p was downregulated in LSCC. In this study, the clinical significance, function, and mechanism of miR-1207-5p in LSCC were investigated. Downregulation of miR-1207-5p was found to be strongly linked to the malignant progression of LSCC. Functional studies revealed that miR-1207-5p upregulation suppressed LSCC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and xenograft tumor growth. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that miR-1207-5p target genes were involved in cell cycle regulation, proliferation, adhesion, and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-1207-5p interacts directly with the 3′ untranslated region of spindle and kinetochore associated complex subunit 3 (SKA3) and downregulates SKA3 expression. Furthermore, SKA3 was found to be overexpressed in LSCC, and its high expression was associated with tumor progression and a poor prognosis. Rescue experiments demonstrated that miR-1207-5p inhibited the malignant phenotypes of LSCC via SKA3. Furthermore, miR-1207-5p upregulation or knockdown of SKA3 inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Collectively, miR-1207-5p inhibited LSCC malignant progression by downregulating SKA3 and preventing EMT. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism of LSCC progression, as well as new potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LSCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Wu
- General Hospital, Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Fengsheng Dai
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuliang Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiwang Zheng
- General Hospital, Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell biology and Genetics, Basic Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Wei Gao
- General Hospital, Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.,Department of Cell biology and Genetics, Basic Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
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16
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Ameli-Mojarad M, Ameli-Mojarad M, Hadizadeh M, Young C, Babini H, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Bonab MA. The effective function of circular RNA in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:496. [PMID: 34535136 PMCID: PMC8447721 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common type of cancer worldwide. Late detection plays role in one-third of annual mortality due to CRC. Therefore, it is essential to find a precise and optimal diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for the identification and treatment of colorectal tumorigenesis. Covalently closed, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs, which can have the same function as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, as regulators of splicing and transcription, and as interactors with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Therefore, circRNAs have been investigated as specific targets for diagnostic and prognostic detection of CRC. These non-coding RNAs are also linked to metastasis, proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and drug resistance, illustrating the importance of understanding their involvement in the molecular mechanisms of development and progression of CRC. In this review, we present a detailed summary of recent findings relating to the dysregulation of circRNAs and their potential role in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melika Ameli-Mojarad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Kharrazi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahrooyeh Hadizadeh
- School of Medicine, University of Sunderland, City Campus, Chester Road, Sunderland, SR1 3SD UK
| | - Chris Young
- Institute of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Hosna Babini
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maziar Ashrafian Bonab
- School of Medicine, University of Sunderland, City Campus, Chester Road, Sunderland, SR1 3SD UK
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17
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Chang YC, Chan MH, Li CH, Fang CY, Hsiao M, Chen CL. Exosomal Components and Modulators in Colorectal Cancer: Novel Diagnosis and Prognosis Biomarkers. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080931. [PMID: 34440135 PMCID: PMC8391321 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The relatively high incidence and mortality rates for colorectal carcinoma (CRC) make it a formidable malignant tumor. Comprehensive strategies have been applied to predict patient survival and diagnosis. Various clinical regimens have also been developed to improve the therapeutic outcome. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recently proposed cellular structures that can be produced by natural or artificial methods and have been extensively studied. In addition to their innate functions, EVs can be manipulated to be drug carriers and exert many biological functions. The composition of EVs, their intravesicular components, and the surrounding tumor microenvironment are closely related to the development of colorectal cancer. Determining the expression profiles of exocytosis samples and using them as indicators for selecting effective combination therapy is an indispensable direction for EV study and should be regarded as a novel prediction platform in addition to cancer stage, prognosis, and other clinical assessments. In this review, we summarize the function, regulation, and application of EVs in the colon cancer research field. We provide an update on and discuss potential values for clinical applications of EVs. Moreover, we illustrate the specific markers, mediators, and genetic alterations of EVs in colorectal carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we outline the vital markers present in the EVs and discuss their plausible uses in colon cancer patient therapy in combination with the currently used clinical strategies. The development and application of these EVs will significantly improve the accuracy of diagnosis, lead to more precise prognoses, and may lead to the improved treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (M.-H.C.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Chien-Hsiu Li
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (M.-H.C.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Chih-Yeu Fang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan;
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (M.-H.C.); (C.-H.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (C.-L.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2787-1243 (M.H.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3139) (C.-L.C.); Fax: +886-2-2789-9931 (M.H.)
| | - Chi-Long Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (C.-L.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2787-1243 (M.H.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3139) (C.-L.C.); Fax: +886-2-2789-9931 (M.H.)
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18
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Radanova M, Mihaylova G, Nazifova-Tasinova N, Levkova M, Tasinov O, Ivanova D, Mihaylova Z, Donev I. Oncogenic Functions and Clinical Significance of Circular RNAs in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3395. [PMID: 34298612 PMCID: PMC8303601 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked as the second most commonly diagnosed disease in females and the third in males worldwide. Therefore, the finding of new more reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis, for prediction of metastasis, and resistance to conventional therapies is an important challenge in overcoming the disease. The current review presents circular RNAs (circRNAs) with their unique features as potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers in CRC. The review highlights the mechanism of action and the role of circRNAs with oncogenic functions in the CRC as well as the association between their expression and clinicopathological characteristics of CRC patients. The comprehension of the role of oncogenic circRNAs in CRC pathogenesis is growing rapidly and the next step is using them as suitable new drug targets in the personalized treatment of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Radanova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (M.R.); (G.M.); (N.N.-T.); (O.T.); (D.I.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, University Hospital “St. Marina”, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Galya Mihaylova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (M.R.); (G.M.); (N.N.-T.); (O.T.); (D.I.)
| | - Neshe Nazifova-Tasinova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (M.R.); (G.M.); (N.N.-T.); (O.T.); (D.I.)
| | - Mariya Levkova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria;
| | - Oskan Tasinov
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (M.R.); (G.M.); (N.N.-T.); (O.T.); (D.I.)
| | - Desislava Ivanova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (M.R.); (G.M.); (N.N.-T.); (O.T.); (D.I.)
| | - Zhasmina Mihaylova
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Military Medical Academy, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Ivan Donev
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Hospital Nadezhda, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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19
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Wang Y, Chen H, Wei X. Circ_0007142 downregulates miR-874-3p-mediated GDPD5 on colorectal cancer cells. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13541. [PMID: 33797091 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent and oxidative cell death form. Recent studies suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulated ferroptosis in tumour cells. Circ_0007142 was identified as a carcinogenic molecule in colorectal cancer (CRC), but its function on ferroptosis in CRC remains unknown. METHODS Circ_0007142, microRNA-874-3p (miR-874-3p) and glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase domain containing 5 (GDPD5) levels were assayed using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell survival and proliferation were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Protein detection was performed by Western blot. Cell apoptosis was analysed by flow cytometry. Ferroptosis was assessed by iron accumulation and oxidative stress. Target binding was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. In vivo research was conducted by tumour xenograft in mice. RESULTS Circ_0007142 was overexpressed in CRC. After expression inhibition of circ_0007142, proliferation was reduced, while apoptosis and ferroptosis were facilitated in CRC cells. Mechanically, circ_0007142 was found as a miR-874-3p sponge and miR-874-3p inhibitor eliminated the regulation of si-circ_0007142 in CRC cells. MiR-874-3p targeted GDPD5 and upregulation of GDPD5 reversed the miR-874-3p-triggered tumour inhibition and ferroptosis promotion in CRC cells. Moreover, GDPD5 was regulated by the circ_0007142/miR-874-3p axis. Circ_0007142 also affected CRC tumorigenesis in vivo through the regulation of miR-874-3p and GDPD5. CONCLUSION All these findings proved that circ_0007142/miR-874-3p/GDPD5 axis regulated tumorigenesis and ferroptosis of CRC cells. Circ_0007142 might be an available marker for ferroptosis in CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqing Wang
- Department of Proctology, Jining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining, China
| | - Hongshu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Xueling Wei
- Department of General Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital (Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University), Jinan, China
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20
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Circular RNA circHIPK3 modulates prostate cancer progression via targeting miR-448/MTDH signaling. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2497-2506. [PMID: 34142340 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02650-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most diagnosed cancers in men worldwide. Several studies have identified that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have a crucial impact on the biological processes in PCa. Therefore, it is necessary to study the molecular mechanism of circRNAs in tumor progression and metastasis. METHODS RNA interference was used to decrease circHIPK3 and MTDH expression. Overexpression vector was used to increase circHIPK3 and MTDH expression. Luciferase reporter assay were used to detect the relationship between circHIPK3 and miR-448 or between miR-448 and MTDH. MTT assay, colony formation assay and transwell assay were used to measure proliferation and migration of PCa cells. RESULTS Circular RNA circHIPK3 was significantly increased in PCa tissues and cell lines. And overexpression of circHIPK3 promoted the migration, proliferation, and invasion of PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells, while knockdown of circHIPK3 markedly repressed the above-mentioned series of biological processes. Furthermore, circHIPK3 promoted metadherin (MTDH) expression by sponging miR-448. In vivo experiments, it was also found that overexpression of circHIPK3 significantly promoted tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Our research shows that circHIPK3 plays a carcinogenic effect in PCa by regulating the miR-448/MTDH axis, indicating that circHIPK3 may be a potential therapeutic target for PCa.
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Liu D, Fang L. Current research on circular RNAs and their potential clinical implications in breast cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0275. [PMID: 34018386 PMCID: PMC8330541 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers and the leading causes of death among women worldwide, and its morbidity rate is growing. Discovery of novel biomarkers is necessary for early BC detection, treatment, and prognostication. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel type of endogenous non-coding RNAs with covalently closed continuous loops, have been found to have a crucial role in tumorigenesis. Studies have demonstrated that circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in the tumor tissues and plasma of patients with BC, and they modulate gene expression affecting the proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance of BC by specifically binding and regulating the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs). Therefore, circRNAs can be used as novel potential diagnostic and prognostic markers, and therapeutic targets for BC. This article summarizes the properties, functions, and regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs, particularly current research on their association with BC proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diya Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Lin Fang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200070, China
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22
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Fu Y, Sun H. Biogenesis, cellular effects, and biomarker value of circHIPK3. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:256. [PMID: 33975598 PMCID: PMC8111742 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01956-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) can indirectly regulate gene expression by competitively binding to microRNA(miRNA) through miRNA response elements (MREs) to affect miRNA-induced gene regulation, which is of great biological significance. Among them, circular RNA (circRNA) has become a hotspot due to its highest binding capacity. A specific circRNA discussed in this review, circHIPK3, has been studied for its biological characteristics, function, cellular effects and its relationship with tumors and various diseases. Here, we review the recent researches about circHIPK3 in detail and aim to elucidate accurate conclusions from them. These circHIPK3-miRNAs-mRNA pathways will further advance the application of circHIPK3 in diseases development, early diagnosis and gene targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Fu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Non-coding RNA in cancer. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:625-639. [PMID: 33860799 PMCID: PMC8564738 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Majority of the human genome is transcribed to RNAs that do not encode proteins. These non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating the initiation and progression of various cancers. Given the importance of the ncRNAs, the roles of ncRNAs in cancers have been reviewed elsewhere. Thus, in this review, we mainly focus on the recent studies of the function, regulatory mechanism and therapeutic potential of the ncRNAs including microRNA (miRNA), long ncRNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and PIWI interacting RNA (piRNA), in different type of cancers.
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24
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Shao Q, Huang Y, Zhang C, Gao X, Gao S. Emerging landscape of circHIPK3 and its role in cancer and other diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:409. [PMID: 33786629 PMCID: PMC8025471 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special class of recently re‑discovered RNAs, which are covalently closed ring RNA molecules. circRNAs have been reported to possess multiple functions and are considered crucial regulators of several processes, and are therefore gaining increasing attention. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that circRNAs are implicated in several crucial biological processes via regulation of gene expression, and their dysregulation is also associated with the development of numerous diseases, particularly acting as oncogenic or tumor‑suppressor molecules in cancer. Furthermore, circRNAs are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. In the present review, the biogenesis and functions of circRNAs are described, with a focus on the most recent research advances and the emerging roles of circular homeodomain‑interacting protein kinase 3 (circHIPK3) in human diseases. The present review may provide novel avenues for research on the roles of circHIPK3 as a clinical diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, as well as highlighting promising therapeutic targets for certain diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Cai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochan Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Shiyang Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
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Tao X, Shao Y, Yan J, Yang L, Ye Q, Wang Q, Lu R, Guo J. Biological roles and potential clinical values of circular RNAs in gastrointestinal malignancies. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0348. [PMID: 33710802 PMCID: PMC8185857 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of endogenous RNA molecules, are produced by alternative splicing of precursor RNA and are covalently linked at the 5' and 3' ends. Recent studies have revealed that dysregulated circRNAs are closely related to the occurrence and progression of gastrointestinal malignancies. Accumulating evidence indicates that circRNAs, including circPVT1, circLARP4, circ-SFMBT2, cir-ITCH, circRNA_100782, circ_100395, circ-DONSON, hsa_circ_0001368, circNRIP1, circFAT1(e2), circCCDC66, circSMARCA5, circ-ZNF652, and circ_0030235 play important roles in the proliferation, differentiation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells through a variety of mechanisms, such as acting as microRNA sponges, interacting with RNA-binding proteins, regulating gene transcription and alternative splicing, and being translated into proteins. With the characteristics of high abundance, high stability, extensive functions, and certain tissue-, time- and disease-specific expressions, circRNAs are expected to provide novel perspectives for the diagnoses and treatments of gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Tao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Yongfu Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Jianing Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Liyang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Qihua Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Qingling Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Rongdan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Junming Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
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Jiang S, Fu R, Shi J, Wu H, Mai J, Hua X, Chen H, Liu J, Lu M, Li N. CircRNA-Mediated Regulation of Angiogenesis: A New Chapter in Cancer Biology. Front Oncol 2021; 11:553706. [PMID: 33777729 PMCID: PMC7988083 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.553706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is necessary for carcinoma progression and is regulated by a variety of pro- and anti-angiogenesis factors. CircRNAs are RNA molecules that do not have a 5'-cap or a 3'-polyA tail and are involved in a variety of biological functions. While circRNA-mediated regulation of tumor angiogenesis has received much attention, the detailed biological regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this review, we investigated circRNAs in tumor angiogenesis from multiple perspectives, including its upstream and downstream factors. We believe that circRNAs have natural advantages and great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors, which deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaotao Jiang
- Department of HBP SURGERY II, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongdang Fu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China
| | - Jiewei Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijie Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China
| | - Jialuo Mai
- Department of HBP SURGERY II, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Hua
- Department of HBP SURGERY II, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of HBP SURGERY II, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of HBP SURGERY II, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minqiang Lu
- Department of HBP SURGERY II, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of HBP SURGERY II, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Zhou J, Wang B, Bin X, Xie C, Li B, Liu O, Tang Z. CircHIPK3: Key Player in Pathophysiology and Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tool. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:615417. [PMID: 33693013 PMCID: PMC7937734 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.615417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies in China and other countries have confirmed that circularHIPK3 (circHIPK3) plays an important role in the pathophysiological processes of various diseases. Through the action of sponge miRNA (miR), circHIPK3 regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, and plays a key role in disease processes. By referring to a large number of research reports, this article explores the specific functional role of circHIPK3 in fibrotic diseases, cancer, and other diseases. This review aims to clarify the role of circHIPK3 in disease processes in order to aid further studies into the specific pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis of various diseases and provide new ideas for treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Baisheng Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Bin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changqing Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ousheng Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhangui Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
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28
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Long F, Lin Z, Li L, Ma M, Lu Z, Jing L, Li X, Lin C. Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:26. [PMID: 33536039 PMCID: PMC7856739 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common hereditary tumor that is often fatal. Its pathogenesis involves multiple genes, including circular RNAs (circRNAs). Notably, circRNAs constitute a new class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a covalently closed loop structure and have been characterized as stable, conserved molecules that are abundantly expressed in tissue/development-specific patterns in eukaryotes. Based on accumulating evidence, circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in CRC tissues, cells, exosomes, and blood from patients with CRC. Moreover, numerous circRNAs have been identified as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors that mediate tumorigenesis, metastasis and chemoradiation resistance in CRC. Although the regulatory mechanisms of circRNA biogenesis and functions remain fairly elusive, interesting results have been obtained in studies investigating CRC. In particular, the expression of circRNAs in CRC is comprehensively modulated by multiple factors, such as splicing factors, transcription factors, specific enzymes and cis-acting elements. More importantly, circRNAs exert pivotal effects on CRC through various mechanisms, including acting as miRNA sponges or decoys, interacting with RNA binding proteins, and even translating functional peptides. Finally, circRNAs may serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in the clinical practice of CRC. In this review, we discuss the dysregulation, functions and clinical significance of circRNAs in CRC and further discuss the molecular mechanisms by which circRNAs exert their functions and how their expression is regulated. Based on this review, we hope to reveal the functions of circRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer and highlight the future perspectives on strategies targeting circRNAs in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Long
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Class 25 Grade 2016, The Five-Year Program in Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zhixing Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China
| | - Liang Jing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China.
| | - Changwei Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China.
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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29
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Wang X, Li H, Lu Y, Cheng L. Circular RNAs in Human Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:577118. [PMID: 33537235 PMCID: PMC7848167 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.577118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of endogenous single-stranded covalently closed RNAs, primarily produced from pre-mRNAs via non-canonical back-splicing. circRNAs are highly conserved, stable, and expressed in tissue- and development-specific pattern. circRNAs play essential roles in physiological process as well as cancer biology. By the advances of deep sequencing and bioinformatics, the number of circRNAs have increased explosively. circRNAs function as miRNA/protein sponge, protein scaffold, protein recruitment, enhancer of protein function, as well as templates for translation involved in the regulation of transcription/splicing, translation, protein degradation, and pri-miRNA processing in human cancers and contributed to the pathogenesis of cancer. Numerous circRNAs may function in diverse manners. In this review, we survey the current understanding of circRNA functions in human cancer including miRNA sponge, circRNA-protein interaction, and circRNA-encoded protein, and summarize available databases for circRNA annotation and functional prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yanjun Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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30
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Xu G, Zhu Y, Liu H, Liu Y, Zhang X. LncRNA MIR194-2HG Promotes Cell Proliferation and Metastasis via Regulation of miR-1207-5p/TCF19/Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Liver Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9887-9899. [PMID: 33116574 PMCID: PMC7547811 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s264614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose LncRNAs play an important role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression in liver cancer. Although many lncRNAs have been reported, the role of MIR194-2HG and the underlying mechanism mediated by it are still largely unknown in HCC. This study aimed to investigate the biological role and mechanism of MIR194-2HG in liver cancer. Materials and Methods The expression of MIR194-2HG was determined in liver cancer tissues and cells by RT-qPCR. The overall survival rate of MIR194-2HG was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation, and Transwell assays were carried out to detect cell migration and invasion. Western blotting was used to quantify the levels of all proteins. The regulatory mechanism of the MIR194-2HG/miR-1207-5p/TCF19 axis in liver cancer was investigated by dual-luciferase activity reporter assay, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and Western blotting. Results MIR194-2HG was upregulated in liver cancer tissues and cell lines. Liver cancer patients with higher expression of MIR194-2HG revealed poor overall survival compared with those who had lower expression of MIR194-2HG. MIR194-2HG promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HepG2 and Huh7 cells by acting as a ceRNA mechanism for the miR-1207-5p/TCF19 axis to activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusion MIR194-2HG acts in an oncogenic role and activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via a miR-1207-5p/TCF19 axis-mediated mechanism, which provides a novel avenue for diagnostic or therapeutic interventions in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yungang Zhu
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijia Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuening Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
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Zhao X, Wang Y, Yu Q, Yu P, Zheng Q, Yang X, Gao D. Circular RNAs in gastrointestinal cancer: Current knowledge, biomarkers and targeted therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1611-1632. [PMID: 33000182 PMCID: PMC7521476 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of endogenous non‑coding RNAs that are connected at the 3' and 5' ends by exon or intron cyclization, which forms a covalently closed loop. They are stable, well conserved, exhibit specific expression in mammalian cells and can function as microRNA (miRNA or miR) sponges to regulate the target genes of miRNAs, which influences biological processes. Such as tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis and tumor stage. circRNAs represent promising candidates for clinical diagnosis and treatment. In the present review, the biogenesis, classification and functions of circRNAs in tumors are briefly summarized and discussed. In addition, the participation of circRNAs in signal transduction pathways regulating gastrointestinal cancer cellular functions is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Zhao
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiongfang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Pei Yu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyu Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Dian Gao
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Xu J, Wu G, Zhao Y, Han Y, Zhang S, Li C, Zhang J. Long Noncoding RNA DSCAM-AS1 Facilitates Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration via miR-137/Notch1 Axis. J Cancer 2020; 11:6623-6632. [PMID: 33046983 PMCID: PMC7545673 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidences demonstrate that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in various cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). In the current study, we found that the expression of DSCAM-AS1 in CRC tissues and cell lines was significantly upregulated, and was positively correlated with metastasis status and advanced stage of CRC. In addition, Kaplan-Meier assays also indicated that the expression of DSCAM-AS1 was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with CRC. Silence of DSCAM-AS1 inhibited proliferation and migration of CRC cells. Subcellular fractionation and FISH analyses suggested that DSCAM-AS1 was majorly distributed in cytoplasm of HT29 and LOVO cells. Thus, DSCAM-AS1 might act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). Subsequently, RT-qPCR results displayed that the expression of miR-137 in CRC tissues was relatively lower than that in the neighboring normal tissues. The interaction between miR-137 and DSCAM-AS1 was demonstrated by luciferase reporter assay. Functionally, miR-137 reversed the pro-proliferation and -metastasis effect of DSCAM-AS1 on CRC cells. Collectively, DSCAM-AS1 promotes CRC progression via sponging miR-137. MiR-137 can suppress the expression of Notch-1, a novel signaling regulating cell proliferation and EMT, by working on the 3'UTR of Notch-1. At last, Notch-1 overexpression or miR-137 inhibition could restore the DSCAM-AS1 silencing-mediated repressive function on cell proliferation and migration. The above data suggested that, DSCAM-AS1 may contribute to CRC cell proliferation and migration by targeting miR-137/Notch-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, PR China
| | - Guanghai Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, PR China
| | - Yongjie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, PR China
| | - Youkui Han
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, PR China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, PR China
| | - Judong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, PR China
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Knockdown of circ_HIPK3 inhibits tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma via the miR-582-3p/DLX2 axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 533:501-509. [PMID: 32977948 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type in the sub-classification of liver cancer. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a fundamental role in tumor occurrence and progression. This research aimed to investigate the role and molecular basis of circRNA homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 3 (circ_HIPK3) in HCC. Circ_HIPK3 and DLX2 levels were enhanced, and miR-582-3p level was reduced in HCC tissues and cells. Silencing of circ_HIPK3 impeded proliferation, migration and invasion and expedited apoptosis in HCC cells. Furthermore, circ_HIPK3 modulated HCC progression via sponging miR-582-3p, and miR-582-3p suppressed HCC progression via targeting DLX2. Moreover, circ_HIPK3 knockdown inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Circ_HIPK3 facilitated HCC progression by mediating miR-582-3p/DLX2 pathway, suggesting a new potential biomarker for HCC treatment.
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Comprehensive Analysis of Differentially Expressed circRNAs Reveals a Colorectal Cancer-Related ceRNA Network. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7159340. [PMID: 32952599 PMCID: PMC7481959 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7159340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) remained to be very high worldwide. Recently, circRNAs had been revealed to have a crucial role in cancer prognosis and progression. Numerous researches have shown that RNA sequencing technology and in silico method were widely used to identify pathogenic mechanisms and uncover promising targets for diagnosis and therapy. In this study, these methods were analyzed to obtain differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs). We identified upregulated 316 circRNAs and reduced 76 circRNAs in CRC samples, in comparison with those in normal tissues. In addition, a competitive endogenous network of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA was established to predict the mechanisms of circRNAs. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these circRNAs participated in metabolism regulation and cell cycle progression. Of note, we observed the hub genes and miRNAs in this ceRNA network were associated with the survival time in CRC. We think this study could provide potential prognostic biomarkers and targets for CRC.
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Artemaki PI, Scorilas A, Kontos CK. Circular RNAs: A New Piece in the Colorectal Cancer Puzzle. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092464. [PMID: 32878117 PMCID: PMC7564116 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most fatal type of malignancy, worldwide. Despite the advances accomplished in the elucidation of its molecular base and the existing CRC biomarkers introduced in the clinical practice, additional research is required. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a new RNA type, formed by back-splicing of primary transcripts. They have been discovered during the 1970s but were characterized as by-products of aberrant splicing. However, the modern high-throughput approaches uncovered their widespread expression; therefore, several questions were raised regarding their potential biological roles. During the last years, great progress has been achieved in the elucidation of their functions: circRNAs can act as microRNA sponges, transcription regulators, and interfere with splicing, as well. Furthermore, they are heavily involved in various human pathological states, including cancer, and could serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in several diseases. Particularly in CRC, aberrant expression of circRNAs has been observed. More specifically, these molecules either inhibit or promote colorectal carcinogenesis by regulating different molecules and signaling pathways. The present review discusses the characteristics and functions of circRNA, prior to analyzing the multifaceted role of these molecules in CRC and their potential value as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi I Artemaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos K Kontos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15701 Athens, Greece
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Yang M, Huang W. Circular RNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 508:240-248. [PMID: 32417214 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a geographical distributed epithelial tumor of head and neck, which is prevalent in east Africa and Asia, especially southern China. Moreover, NPC has an unfavorable clinical effect and is prone to metastasis at an advanced stage. Although the recovery rate of patients has been improved due to concurrent chemoradiotherapy, poor curative effects and low overall survival remain key issues. The precise mechanisms and pivotal regulators of NPC remain still unclear. To improve the therapeutic efficacy, we focused on related-NPC circular RNAs (circRNAs). CircRNAs are a unique type of endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a covalent closed-loop structure. Their expression is rich, stable and conservative. Different circRNA have specific tissue and developmental stages and can be detected in body fluids. In addition, circRNAs are involved in multiple pathological processes, especially in cancers. In recent years, using high-throughput indicator technology and bioinformatics technology, a large number of circRNAs have been identified in NPC cells and verified to have biological functions and mechanisms of action. This article aims to provide a retrospective review of the latest research on the proliferation and migration of related-NPC circRNA. Specifically, we focused on the roles and mechanisms of circRNAs in the development and progression of NPC. CONCLUSION CircRNA can act as an oncogene or tumor suppressor gene and participate in NPC progression (e.g., proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion). In short, circRNAs have potential as biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiu Yang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Wang W, Tang X, Qu H, He Q. Translation regulatory long non-coding RNA 1 represents a potential prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:4077-4087. [PMID: 32391108 PMCID: PMC7204641 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted a lot of attention for their role in the development, progression and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, little is known on the clinical significance of the translation regulatory lncRNA 1 (TRERNA1) in CRC. The present study aimed to explore the clinical value of TRERNA1 in patients with CRC. A total of 89 cancer-associated lncRNA genes were analyzed using the RT2 lncRNA PCR array Human Cancer PathwayFinder. Following the PCR array, reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR was conducted to identify the differential expression of TRERNA1 between 130 CRC and corresponding non-tumorous adjacent tissues. Additionally, the association between TRERNA1 expression and clinical characteristics was analyzed. Furthermore, TRERNA1 expression was knocked down via small interfering RNAs. The results of the PCR array and RT-qPCR revealed that TRERNA1 expression was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues compared with in adjacent normal tissues. TRERNA1 upregulation was positively associated with distant metastasis, perineural invasion, TNM stage, node metastasis stage and tumor diameter. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with higher TRERNA1 expression had a shorter overall survival (OS) time and a less favorable prognosis compared with those in the low TRERNA1 expression group. Knockdown of TRERNA1 inhibited invasion and metastasis of CRC cells via regulating Snail expression. In conclusion, TRERNA1 expression was upregulated in CRC tissues. High expression levels of TRERNA1 may be associated with poor OS times, a less favorable prognosis and lymph node metastasis in patients with CRC. TRERNA1 may therefore serve as a useful and novel biomarker for CRC lymph node metastasis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Hui Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qingsi He
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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