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Hirunsai M, Srikuea R. Differential effects of cholecalciferol and calcitriol on muscle proteolysis and oxidative stress in angiotensin II-induced C2C12 myotube atrophy. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16011. [PMID: 38627219 PMCID: PMC11021198 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Renin-angiotensin system activation contributes to skeletal muscle atrophy in aging individuals with chronic diseases. We aimed to explore the effects of cholecalciferol (VD3) and calcitriol (1,25VD3) on signaling of muscle proteolysis and oxidative stress in myotubes challenged with angiotensin II (AII). The mouse C2C12 myotubes were assigned to vehicle, AII, AII + VD3, AII + 1,25VD3, and AII + losartan groups. The expression levels of muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase proteins, autophagy-related proteins, and oxidative stress markers were investigated. We demonstrated the diverse effects of VD3 and 1,25VD3 on AII-induced myotube atrophy. The myotube diameter was preserved by treatment with 100 nM VD3 and losartan, while 1 and 10 nM 1,25VD3 increased levels of FoxO3a, MuRF1, and atrogin-1 protein expression in myotubes exposed to AII. Treatment with AII + 10 nM 1,25VD3 resulted in the upregulation of LC3B-II, LC3B-II/LC3B-I, and mature cathepsin L, which are autophagic marker proteins. The p62/SQSTM1 protein was downregulated and vitamin D receptor was upregulated after treatment with AII + 10 nM 1,25VD3. A cellular redox imbalance was observed as AII + 10 nM 1,25VD3-induced reactive oxygen species and NADPH oxidase-2 overproduction, and these changes were associated with an inadequate response of antioxidant superoxide dismutase-1 and catalase proteins. Collectively, these findings provide a translational perspective on the role of vitamin D3 in alleviating muscle atrophy related to high levels of AII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthita Hirunsai
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of PharmacySrinakharinwirot UniversityNakhon NayokThailand
| | - Ratchakrit Srikuea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of ScienceMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
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2
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Xing L, Bao Y, Wang B, Shi M, Wei Y, Huang X, Dai Y, Shi H, Gai X, Luo Q, Yin Y, Qin D. Falls caused by balance disorders in the elderly with multiple systems involved: Pathogenic mechanisms and treatment strategies. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1128092. [PMID: 36908603 PMCID: PMC9996061 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1128092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Falls are the main contributor to both fatal and nonfatal injuries in elderly individuals as well as significant sources of morbidity and mortality, which are mostly induced by impaired balance control. The ability to keep balance is a remarkably complex process that allows for rapid and precise changes to prevent falls with multiple systems involved, such as musculoskeletal system, the central nervous system and sensory system. However, the exact pathogenesis of falls caused by balance disorders in the elderly has eluded researchers to date. In consideration of aging phenomenon aggravation and fall risks in the elderly, there is an urgent need to explore the pathogenesis and treatments of falls caused by balance disorders in the elderly. The present review discusses the epidemiology of falls in the elderly, potential pathogenic mechanisms underlying multiple systems involved in falls caused by balance disorders, including musculoskeletal system, the central nervous system and sensory system. Meanwhile, some common treatment strategies, such as physical exercise, new equipment based on artificial intelligence, pharmacologic treatments and fall prevention education are also reviewed. To fully understand the pathogenesis and treatment of falls caused by balance disorders, a need remains for future large-scale multi-center randomized controlled trials and in-depth mechanism studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Xing
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China.,The First Clinical Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Bao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Binyang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Mingqin Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Youwu Dai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Hongling Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Xuesong Gai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Qiu Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming Yunnan, China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, China
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3
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Genome Editing to Abrogate Muscle Atrophy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1396:157-176. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-5642-3_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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4
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Ra SG, Nakagawa H, Tomiga Y, Iizawa H, Nakashima S, Higaki Y, Kawanaka K. Effects of Dietary Vitamin D Deficiency on Markers of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Dynamics. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2022; 68:243-249. [PMID: 36047095 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.68.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effects of dietary vitamin D deficiency on markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics in rat soleus muscle. Male Wistar rats were fed a chow with no vitamin D (No-D; 0 IU/kg) or a moderate dose (Mod-D; 2,000 IU/kg) of vitamin D chow for 8 wk. Compared to the Mod-D group, at 8 wk the No-D group showed significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels. Although vitamin D deficiency had no effect on body composition, the No-D rats showed significantly decreased levels of PGC-1α, a marker of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, and DRP1, a marker of skeletal muscle mitochondrial fission. The change in the PGC-1α protein expression and the serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly correlated. The change in DRP1 protein expression and the serum 25(OH)D concentrations tended to be correlated. There was no significant between-group difference in markers of mitochondrial fusion (MFN2 and OPA1) and mitophagy (PARKIN) in soleus muscle, and no relationship with serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Collectively our findings suggest that dietary vitamin D deficiency decreased PGC-1α and DRP1 protein expression in rat soleus muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Gyu Ra
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University.,Fukuoka Univerity Institute for Physical Activity.,Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Hironari Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University
| | - Yuki Tomiga
- Fukuoka Univerity Institute for Physical Activity.,Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University.,Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Hiroki Iizawa
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University
| | | | - Yasuki Higaki
- Fukuoka Univerity Institute for Physical Activity.,Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University
| | - Kentaro Kawanaka
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University.,Fukuoka Univerity Institute for Physical Activity
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5
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Książek A, Zagrodna A, Słowińska-Lisowska M, Lombardi G. Relationship Between Metabolites of Vitamin D, Free 25-(OH)D, and Physical Performance in Indoor and Outdoor Athletes. Front Physiol 2022; 13:909086. [PMID: 35874521 PMCID: PMC9304810 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.909086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential effects of vitamin D in athletes have received considerable attention in the literature. However, little is known about vitamin D metabolites and their association with physical performance in athletes. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the relationship between metabolites of vitamin D, vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), free, bioavailable 25-(OH)D, and physical fitness tests in athletes. A total of 40 indoor and outdoor players (16 judoists and 24 football players) participated in the study. Vitamin D metabolites (25-(OH)D, 24,25-(OH)2D3, 3-epi-25-(OH)D3, and 1,25-(OH)2D) were assessed using LM-MS/MS. Free 25-(OH)D concentration was evaluated by calculation using serum albumin and VDBP levels. Athletic performance was assessed using handgrip and vertical jump. Our study showed a significant correlation between vitamin D metabolites and handgrip strength and vertical jump variables in indoor players. It demonstrated a significant association between 3-epi-25-(OH)D3 and vertical jump parameters in outdoor players. The results of our study showed relationship between free, bioavailable 25-(OH)D, and vertical jump variables in indoor players. In conclusion, we provide novel information on the vitamin D metabolites and athletic performance in athletes. Based on the results of our study, we concluded that vitamin D metabolites might be involved in skeletal muscle function in relation to athletic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Książek
- Department of Biological and Medical Basis of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Anna Książek,
| | - Aleksandra Zagrodna
- Department of Biological and Medical Basis of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Słowińska-Lisowska
- Department of Biological and Medical Basis of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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6
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Bollen SE, Bass JJ, Fujita S, Wilkinson D, Hewison M, Atherton PJ. The Vitamin D/Vitamin D receptor (VDR) axis in muscle atrophy and sarcopenia. Cell Signal 2022; 96:110355. [PMID: 35595176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy and sarcopenia (the term given to the age-related decline in muscle mass and function), influence an individuals risk of falls, frailty, functional decline, and, ultimately, impaired quality of life. Vitamin D deficiency (low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3)) has been reported to impair muscle strength and increase risk of sarcopenia. The mechanisms that underpin the link between low 25(OH)D3 and sarcopenia are yet to be fully understood but several lines of evidence have highlighted the importance of both genomic and non-genomic effects of active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3)) and its nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR), in skeletal muscle functioning. Studies in vitro have demonstrated a key role for the vitamin D/VDR axis in regulating biological processes central to sarcopenic muscle atrophy, such as proteolysis, mitochondrial function, cellular senescence, and adiposity. The aim of this review is to provide a mechanistic overview of the proposed mechanisms for the vitamin D/VDR axis in sarcopenic muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby E Bollen
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK.
| | - Joseph J Bass
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Daniel Wilkinson
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Martin Hewison
- Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Philip J Atherton
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK.
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7
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Yuzawa R, Koike H, Manabe I, Oishi Y. VDR regulates simulated microgravity-induced atrophy in C2C12 myotubes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1377. [PMID: 35082348 PMCID: PMC8791983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting is a major problem leading to reduced quality of life and higher risks of mortality and various diseases. Muscle atrophy is caused by multiple conditions in which protein degradation exceeds its synthesis, including disuse, malnutrition, and microgravity. While Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is well known to regulate calcium and phosphate metabolism to maintain bone, recent studies have shown that VDR also plays roles in skeletal muscle development and homeostasis. Moreover, its expression is upregulated in muscle undergoing atrophy as well as after muscle injury. Here we show that VDR regulates simulated microgravity-induced atrophy in C2C12 myotubes in vitro. After 8 h of microgravity simulated using 3D-clinorotation, the VDR-binding motif was associated with chromatin regions closed by the simulated microgravity and enhancer regions inactivated by it, which suggests VDR mediates repression of enhancers. In addition, VDR was induced and translocated into the nuclei in response to simulated microgravity. VDR-deficient C2C12 myotubes showed resistance to simulated microgravity-induced atrophy and reduced induction of FBXO32, an atrophy-associated ubiquitin ligase. These results demonstrate that VDR contributes to the regulation of simulated microgravity-induced atrophy at least in part by controlling expression of atrophy-related genes.
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8
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Alliband KH, Kozhevnikova SV, Parr T, Jethwa PH, Brameld JM. In vitro Effects of Biologically Active Vitamin D on Myogenesis: A Systematic Review. Front Physiol 2021; 12:736708. [PMID: 34566700 PMCID: PMC8458760 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.736708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is associated with muscle weakness. A reduction in the incidence of falls in the elderly following VD supplementation and identification of the VD receptor within muscle cells suggests a direct effect of VD on muscle, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here we systematically searched the literature to identify effects of active VD [1,25(OH)2D3] on skeletal muscle myogenesis in vitro, with no restriction on year of publication. Eligibility was assessed by strict inclusion/exclusion criteria and agreed by two independent investigators. Twelve relevant pa-pers were identified using four different cell types (C2C12, primary mouse satellite cells, primary chick myoblasts, and primary human myoblasts) and a range of myogenic markers (myoD, myogenin, creatine kinase, myosin heavy chain, and myotube size). A clear inhibitory effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on proliferation was reported, while the effects on the different stages of differentiation were less consistent probably due to variation in cell type, time points and doses of 1,25(OH)2D3 used. However, myotube size was consistently increased by 1,25(OH)2D3. Overall, the evidence suggests that 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits proliferation and promotes differentiation of myoblasts, but future studies should use time courses to gain a clearer understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn H Alliband
- Division of Food Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia V Kozhevnikova
- Division of Food Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Parr
- Division of Food Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Preeti H Jethwa
- Division of Food Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - John M Brameld
- Division of Food Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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Mason RS, Rybchyn MS, Brennan-Speranza TC, Fraser DR. Is it reasonable to ignore vitamin D status for musculoskeletal health? Fac Rev 2020; 9:19. [PMID: 33659951 PMCID: PMC7886074 DOI: 10.12703/r/9-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe vitamin D deficiency—25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations below around 25–30 nmol/L—may lead to growth plate disorganization and mineralization abnormalities in children (rickets) and mineralization defects throughout the skeleton (osteomalacia) and proximal muscle weakness. Both problems are reversed with vitamin D treatment. Apart from this musculoskeletal dysfunction at very low vitamin D levels, there is apparent inconsistency in the available data about whether concentrations of 25OHD below around 50 nmol/L cause muscle function impairment and increase the risk of fracture. This narrative review provides evidence to support the contention that improving vitamin D status, up to around 50 nmol/L, plays a small causal role in optimizing bone and muscle function as well as reducing overall mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Mason
- Physiology, Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mark S Rybchyn
- Physiology, Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tara C Brennan-Speranza
- Physiology, Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - David R Fraser
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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