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Al Azzani M, Nizami ZN, Magramane R, Sekkal MN, Eid AH, Al Dhaheri Y, Iratni R. Phytochemical-mediated modulation of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress as a cancer therapeutic approach. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38961675 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are conserved processes that generally promote survival, but can induce cell death when physiological thresholds are crossed. The pro-survival aspects of these processes are exploited by cancer cells for tumor development and progression. Therefore, anticancer drugs targeting autophagy or ER stress to induce cell death and/or block the pro-survival aspects are being investigated extensively. Consistently, several phytochemicals have been reported to exert their anticancer effects by modulating autophagy and/or ER stress. Various phytochemicals (e.g., celastrol, curcumin, emodin, resveratrol, among others) activate the unfolded protein response to induce ER stress-mediated apoptosis through different pathways. Similarly, various phytochemicals induce autophagy through different mechanisms (namely mechanistic target of Rapamycin [mTOR] inhibition). However, phytochemical-induced autophagy can function either as a cytoprotective mechanism or as programmed cell death type II. Interestingly, at times, the same phytochemical (e.g., 6-gingerol, emodin, shikonin, among others) can induce cytoprotective autophagy or programmed cell death type II depending on cellular contexts, such as cancer type. Although there is well-documented mechanistic interplay between autophagy and ER stress, only a one-way modulation was noted with some phytochemicals (carnosol, capsaicin, cryptotanshinone, guangsangon E, kaempferol, and δ-tocotrienol): ER stress-dependent autophagy. Plant extracts are sources of potent phytochemicals and while numerous phytochemicals have been investigated in preclinical and clinical studies, the search for novel phytochemicals with anticancer effects is ongoing from plant extracts used in traditional medicine (e.g., Origanum majorana). Nonetheless, the clinical translation of phytochemicals, a promising avenue for cancer therapeutics, is hindered by several limitations that need to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazoun Al Azzani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zohra Nausheen Nizami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rym Magramane
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed N Sekkal
- Department of Surgery, Specialty Orthopedic, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yusra Al Dhaheri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Yin HT, Hui-Lu, Yang JH, Li Q, Li M, Zhao QQ, Wen ZP. Daurisoline suppress glioma progression by inhibiting autophagy through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and increases TMZ sensitivity. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116113. [PMID: 38460907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the only effective chemotherapeutic agent, but it easily develops resistance and has unsatisfactory efficacy. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop safe and effective compounds for glioma treatment. The cytotoxicity of 30 candidate compounds to glioma cells was detected by the CCK-8 assay. Daurisoline (DAS) was selected for further investigation due to its potent anti-glioma effects. Our study revealed that DAS induced glioma cell apoptosis through increasing caspase-3/6/9 activity. DAS significantly inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells by inducing G1-phase cell cycle arrest. Meanwhile, DAS remarkably suppressed the migration and invasion of glioma cells by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mechanistically, our results revealed that DAS impaired the autophagic flux of glioma cells at a late stage by mediating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. DAS could inhibit TMZ-induced autophagy and then significantly promote TMZ chemosensitivity. Nude mice xenograft model revealed that DAS could restrain glioma proliferation and promote TMZ chemosensitivity. Thus, DAS is a potential anti-glioma drug that can improve glioma sensitivity to TMZ and provide a new therapeutic strategy for glioma in chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tang Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Hui-Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Ji-Hong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China.
| | - Qin Li
- Centre of Clinical Trials, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China.
| | - Qing-Qing Zhao
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Zhi-Peng Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China.
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3
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Yang Y, Liu L, Tian Y, Gu M, Wang Y, Ashrafizadeh M, Reza Aref A, Cañadas I, Klionsky DJ, Goel A, Reiter RJ, Wang Y, Tambuwala M, Zou J. Autophagy-driven regulation of cisplatin response in human cancers: Exploring molecular and cell death dynamics. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216659. [PMID: 38367897 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Despite the challenges posed by drug resistance and side effects, chemotherapy remains a pivotal strategy in cancer treatment. A key issue in this context is macroautophagy (commonly known as autophagy), a dysregulated cell death mechanism often observed during chemotherapy. Autophagy plays a cytoprotective role by maintaining cellular homeostasis and recycling organelles, and emerging evidence points to its significant role in promoting cancer progression. Cisplatin, a DNA-intercalating agent known for inducing cell death and cell cycle arrest, often encounters resistance in chemotherapy treatments. Recent studies have shown that autophagy can contribute to cisplatin resistance or insensitivity in tumor cells through various mechanisms. This resistance can be mediated by protective autophagy, which suppresses apoptosis. Additionally, autophagy-related changes in tumor cell metastasis, particularly the induction of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), can also lead to cisplatin resistance. Nevertheless, pharmacological strategies targeting the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis offer promising avenues to enhance cisplatin sensitivity in cancer therapy. Notably, numerous non-coding RNAs have been identified as regulators of autophagy in the context of cisplatin chemotherapy. Thus, therapeutic targeting of autophagy or its associated pathways holds potential for restoring cisplatin sensitivity, highlighting an important direction for future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Lixia Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Hebei Key Laboratory of Precise Imaging of Inflammation Related Tumors, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yu Tian
- School of Public Health, Benedictine University, Lisle, IL, USA
| | - Miaomiao Gu
- Department of Ultrasound, Hebei Key Laboratory of Precise Imaging of Inflammation Related Tumors, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of General Surgery and Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 440 Ji Yan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc, 6, Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Israel Cañadas
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arul Goel
- University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Murtaza Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK.
| | - Jianyong Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
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Liu X, Wang LL, Duan CY, Rong YR, Liang YQ, Zhu QX, Hao GP, Wang FZ. Daurisoline inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, and enhances TRAIL sensitivity of breast cancer cells by upregulating DR5. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 38563483 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Daurisoline (DS) is an isoquinoline alkaloid that exerts anticancer activities in various cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms through which DS affects the survival of breast cancer cells remain poorly understood. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the potential anticancer effect of DS on breast cancer cells and reveal the mechanism underlying the enhanced tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis by DS. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay were used to evaluate the ability of cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was selected to examine the cell cycle distribution. TUNEL assay was used to detect the cell apoptosis. The protein expression was measured by Western blot analysis. DS was found to reduce the cell viability and suppress the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells by causing G1 phase cell cycle arrest. DS could trigger apoptosis by promoting the cleavage of caspase-8 and PARP. The phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38MAPK was upregulated clearly following DS treatment. Notably, SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) pretreatment significantly abrogated DS-induced PARP cleavage. DS inactivated Akt/mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and upregulated the expression of ER stress-related proteins. Additionally, DS amplified TRAIL-caused viability reduction and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Mechanismly, DS upregulated the protein level of DR4 and DR5, and knockdown of DR5 attenuated the cotreatment-induced cleavage of PARP. Inhibition of JNK could block DS-induced upregulation of DR5. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of DS inhibiting cell proliferation, triggering apoptosis, and enhancing TRAIL sensitivity of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Cun-Yu Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ru Rong
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Qi Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Xiang Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang-Ping Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Ze Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
- Center Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, People's Republic of China
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5
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Hu H, Tjaden A, Knapp S, Antolin AA, Müller S. A machine learning and live-cell imaging tool kit uncovers small molecules induced phospholipidosis. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1634-1651.e6. [PMID: 37797617 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced phospholipidosis (DIPL), characterized by excessive accumulation of phospholipids in lysosomes, can lead to clinical adverse effects. It may also alter phenotypic responses in functional studies using chemical probes. Therefore, robust methods are needed to predict and quantify phospholipidosis (PL) early in drug discovery and in chemical probe characterization. Here, we present a versatile high-content live-cell imaging approach, which was used to evaluate a chemogenomic and a lysosomal modulation library. We trained and evaluated several machine learning models using the most comprehensive set of publicly available compounds and interpreted the best model using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Analysis of high-quality chemical probes extracted from the Chemical Probes Portal using our algorithm revealed that closely related molecules, such as chemical probes and their matched negative controls can differ in their ability to induce PL, highlighting the importance of identifying PL for robust target validation in chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Hu
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amelie Tjaden
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Albert A Antolin
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Susanne Müller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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6
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Wang D, Zhang W, Zhang X, Li M, Wu Q, Li X, Zhao L, Yuan Q, Yu Y, Lu J, Zhao J, Dong Z, Liu K, Jiang Y. Daurisoline suppresses esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo by targeting MEK1/2 kinase. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:517-531. [PMID: 36645220 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for 90% of esophageal cancers and has a high mortality rate worldwide. The 5-year survival rate of ESCC patients in developing countries is <20%. Hence, there is an urgent need for developing new and effective treatments that are based on newly-discovered emerging molecules and pathways to prevent ESCC occurrence and recurrence. We investigated the effects of Daurisoline, a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the rhizome of menisperum dauricum, on ESCC cell proliferation and elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying its functions. To explore the effects of Daurisoline on ESCC growth in vitro and in vivo, cell proliferation assays and anchorage-independent growth assays were performed and a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model was established. Subsequently, phosphoproteomics, molecular docking analysis, pull down assays, mutation experiments and in vitro kinase assay were performed to explore the mechanism of Daurisoline's function on ESCC. Daurisoline inhibited ESCC proliferation in vitro and reduced ESCC PDX exnograft growth in vivo by reducing ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, it directly bound to MEK1 (at Asn78 and Lys97) and MEK2 (at Asp194 and Asp212) kinases to inactivate the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Our results suggest that Daurisoline is a dual inhibitor of MEK1 and MEK2 and suppresses ESCC growth both in vitro and in vivo by inactivating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. This is first report on the use of MEK inhibitor for ESCC and highlights its potential applications for ESCC treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weizhe Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yin Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jimin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Hashemi M, Nadafzadeh N, Imani MH, Rajabi R, Ziaolhagh S, Bayanzadeh SD, Norouzi R, Rafiei R, Koohpar ZK, Raei B, Zandieh MA, Salimimoghadam S, Entezari M, Taheriazam A, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Tan SC. Targeting and regulation of autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma: revisiting the molecular interactions and mechanisms for new therapy approaches. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:32. [PMID: 36759819 PMCID: PMC9912665 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01053-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that plays a role in regulating homeostasis under physiological conditions. However, dysregulation of autophagy is observed in the development of human diseases, especially cancer. Autophagy has reciprocal functions in cancer and may be responsible for either survival or death. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal and common malignancies of the liver, and smoking, infection, and alcohol consumption can lead to its development. Genetic mutations and alterations in molecular processes can exacerbate the progression of HCC. The function of autophagy in HCC is controversial and may be both tumor suppressive and tumor promoting. Activation of autophagy may affect apoptosis in HCC and is a regulator of proliferation and glucose metabolism. Induction of autophagy may promote tumor metastasis via induction of EMT. In addition, autophagy is a regulator of stem cell formation in HCC, and pro-survival autophagy leads to cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Targeting autophagy impairs growth and metastasis in HCC and improves tumor cell response to therapy. Of note, a large number of signaling pathways such as STAT3, Wnt, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs regulate autophagy in HCC. Moreover, regulation of autophagy (induction or inhibition) by antitumor agents could be suggested for effective treatment of HCC. In this paper, we comprehensively review the role and mechanisms of autophagy in HCC and discuss the potential benefit of targeting this process in the treatment of the cancer. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Nadafzadeh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Imani
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahr-E Kord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran
| | - Romina Rajabi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setayesh Ziaolhagh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Raheleh Norouzi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Rafiei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khazaei Koohpar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Behnaz Raei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia
- AFNP Med Austria, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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8
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Huang K, Chen Q, Deng L, Zou Q, Min S. Daurisoline Inhibiting Tumor Angiogenesis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Bladder Cancer by Mediating HAKAI Protein Stability. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2022; 21:e129798. [PMID: 36937208 PMCID: PMC10016139 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-129798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Daurisoline can suppress the development of liver and lung cancers, but its effect on bladder cancer has not been investigated. Objectives This study probed into the mechanism underlying the effects of daurisoline on angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in bladder cancer. Methods Tissue samples were taken from 40 patients with bladder cancer to analyze the expression of HAKAI and the relationship between HAKAI expression and patient survival. After the gain of function of HAKAI and/or treatment with daurisoline or heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor geldanamycin, bladder cancer cells were collected for western blot detection of EMT-related proteins and transwell invasion assay. Tube formation assay assessed the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in a conditioned medium of bladder cancer cells. The relationships between daurisoline, HSP90, HAKAI, and E-cadherin (E-cad) were analyzed using drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) assay and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) method. The effect and action mechanism of daurisoline were validated in nude mice. Results HAKAI was up-regulated 1.26-fold in bladder cancer tissues (P = 0.004) and correlated with poor prognosis. Daurisoline or geldanamycin inhibited EMT of bladder cancer cells and HUVEC angiogenesis. HAKAI overexpression reversed the suppression by daurisoline or geldanamycin. HAKAI was a client protein of HSP90, which could be directly targeted by daurisoline. HAKAI could target E-cad. Daurisoline also counteracted the promotive effects of overexpressed HAKAI on bladder carcinoma growth in nude mice. Conclusions Daurisoline suppresses EMT and angiogenesis in bladder cancer by targeting HSP90 and disrupting the stability of HAKAI protein to up-regulate the expression of E-cad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keming Huang
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Fuzhou, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qingke Chen
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi , P.R. China
| | - Ling Deng
- Department of Nursing, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zou
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Fuzhou, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sufang Min
- Department of Nursing, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Corresponding Author: Department of Nursing, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, No.9,Donglin Road, Fuzhou, Jiangxi 344000, P.R. China.
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9
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Daurisoline Inhibits ESCC by Inducing G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Activating ER Stress to Trigger Noxa-Dependent Intrinsic and CHOP-DR5-Dependent Extrinsic Apoptosis via p-eIF2α-ATF4 Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5382263. [PMID: 35965681 PMCID: PMC9371853 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5382263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), one of the most malignant human cancers in clinic, requires novel treatment. Daurisoline (DAS) is a component of traditional Chinese herb, which exhibits anti-cancer effects by autophagy inhibition and metastasis suppression. However, the effect and mechanism of DAS on ESCC remain unclear. Here, we found that DAS inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation in both human ESCC cell lines EC1 and ECA109. Mechanistically, DAS induced p21-/p27-dependent G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The induction of apoptosis by DAS was largely dependent on the activation of the transcription factor ATF4 and its downstream NOXA-dependent intrinsic and CHOP-DR5-dependent extrinsic apoptotic pathway. ATF4 activation induced by DAS was due to the generation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through the p-eIF2α-ATF4 signal pathway, which can be largely abrogated by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a scavenger of ROS. Moreover, DAS treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor weight in the tumor xenograft mouse model by up-regulating key proteins related to cell cycle arrest and apoptotic pathway. Taken together, these findings identified DAS as a novel candidate for the treatment of ESCC.
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10
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Pan L, Feng F, Wu J, Li L, Xu H, Yang L, Xu K, Wang C. Diosmetin inhibits cell growth and proliferation by regulating the cell cycle and lipid metabolism pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Food Funct 2021; 12:12036-12046. [PMID: 34755740 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02111g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Diosmetin (DSM), a newly discovered natural flavonoid, found in citrus plants and olive leaves, has been reported to inhibit the progression of cancer when used as a food supplement. This study aimed to investigate DSM's anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) properties and possible molecular mechanisms. Hep3B and HCCLM3 cells were selected to evaluate the anti-HCC properties of DSM in vitro. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to identify the possible molecular targets and pathways. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to evaluate the effect of DSM treatment on the primary metabolites of HCCLM3 cells. Tumor xenograft was performed in nude mice to examine the anti-HCC properties of DSM in vivo. The results showed that DSM inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. RNA-seq identified 4459 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were highly enriched in the cell cycle pathway. In addition, DSM regulated cell growth by arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase by decreasing the expression of BCL2, CDK1, and CCND1. Furthermore, metabolomics analysis revealed that DSM interfered with the lipid metabolism pathway of HCC cells by significantly inhibiting the synthesis of metabolites, such as acetic acid, decanoic acid, glycerol, and L-proline. Subcutaneous tumor formation experiments revealed that DSM significantly reduced the tumor volume and weight when compared to the control. Immunohistochemical analysis further revealed that DSM treatment significantly decreased the expression of the proliferative marker KI67. Our findings demonstrated that DSM exhibited antitumor effects on HCC cells by inhibiting cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest and interfering with lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhong Pan
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Antitumor Natural Drugs, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Fan Feng
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Jiaqin Wu
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Lanqing Li
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Haiying Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Li Yang
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Kang Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Chunli Wang
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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11
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Islam F, Bibi S, Meem AFK, Islam MM, Rahaman MS, Bepary S, Rahman MM, Rahman MM, Elzaki A, Kajoak S, Osman H, ElSamani M, Khandaker MU, Idris AM, Emran TB. Natural Bioactive Molecules: An Alternative Approach to the Treatment and Control of COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12638. [PMID: 34884440 PMCID: PMC8658031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several coronaviruses (CoVs) have been associated with serious health hazards in recent decades, resulting in the deaths of thousands around the globe. The recent coronavirus pandemic has emphasized the importance of discovering novel and effective antiviral medicines as quickly as possible to prevent more loss of human lives. Positive-sense RNA viruses with group spikes protruding from their surfaces and an abnormally large RNA genome enclose CoVs. CoVs have already been related to a range of respiratory infectious diseases possibly fatal to humans, such as MERS, SARS, and the current COVID-19 outbreak. As a result, effective prevention, treatment, and medications against human coronavirus (HCoV) is urgently needed. In recent years, many natural substances have been discovered with a variety of biological significance, including antiviral properties. Throughout this work, we reviewed a wide range of natural substances that interrupt the life cycles for MERS and SARS, as well as their potential application in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China;
- International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Utilization of Cordyceps Bioresources in China and Southeast Asia, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Atkia Farzana Khan Meem
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Md. Mohaimenul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Md. Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Sristy Bepary
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Md. Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Amin Elzaki
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.); (S.K.); (H.O.); (M.E.)
| | - Samih Kajoak
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.); (S.K.); (H.O.); (M.E.)
| | - Hamid Osman
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.); (S.K.); (H.O.); (M.E.)
| | - Mohamed ElSamani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.); (S.K.); (H.O.); (M.E.)
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Abubakr M. Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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12
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Zhang X, Zhang JG, Mu W, Zhou HM, Liu GL, Li Q. The role of daurisoline treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma: Inhibiting vasculogenic mimicry formation and enhancing sensitivity to sorafenib. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 92:153740. [PMID: 34600176 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a newly described tumor vascular phenomenon that is independent of traditional angiogenesis and provides an adequate blood supply for tumor growth. VM has been consistently observed in different cancer types. Hence, inhibition of VM may be considered a new anticancer therapeutic strategy. PURPOSE This study aimed to elucidate the potential anticancer effect of daurisoline (DS) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the potential molecular mechanism by which DS inhibits VM. We also verified whether combination treatment with sorafenib and DS constitutes a novel therapeutic approach to prevent HCC progression. METHODS The effects of DS on proliferation were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assays. 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and flow cytometric analysis were employed to investigate its effects on apoptosis. Western blot analysis, Matrigel tube formation assays, pulldown assays and immunofluorescence staining were applied to validate the potential mechanism by which DS inhibits VM. Mouse xenograft models were used to evaluate anticancer activities. RESULTS DS inhibited HCC cell proliferation, induced HCC cell apoptosis and repressed VM formation by inactivating RhoA/ROCK2-mediated AKT and ERK-p38 MAPK signaling. Additionally, DS dramatically sensitized HCC cell lines to sorafenib, a curative anticancer drug for patients with advanced HCC. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying DS-induced inhibition of VM, which may facilitate the development of a novel clinical anti-HCC drug. Moreover, our findings suggest that the combination of DS and sorafenib constitutes a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ji-Gang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Wan Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - He-Ming Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Gao-Lin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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13
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Ruiz-Blázquez P, Pistorio V, Fernández-Fernández M, Moles A. The multifaceted role of cathepsins in liver disease. J Hepatol 2021; 75:1192-1202. [PMID: 34242696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Proteases are the most abundant enzyme gene family in vertebrates and they execute essential functions in all living organisms. Their main role is to hydrolase the peptide bond within proteins, a process also called proteolysis. Contrary to the conventional paradigm, proteases are not only random catalytic devices, but can perform highly selective and targeted cleavage of specific substrates, finely modulating multiple essential cellular processes. Lysosomal protease cathepsins comprise 3 families of proteases that preferentially act within acidic cellular compartments, but they can also be found in other cellular locations. They can operate alone or as part of signalling cascades and regulatory circuits, playing important roles in apoptosis, extracellular matrix remodelling, hepatic stellate cell activation, autophagy and metastasis, contributing to the initiation, development and progression of liver disease. In this review, we comprehensively summarise current knowledge on the role of lysosomal cathepsins in liver disease, with a particular emphasis on liver fibrosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Ruiz-Blázquez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valeria Pistorio
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - María Fernández-Fernández
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Moles
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CiberEHD, Spain.
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14
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Feng F, Pan L, Wu J, Li L, Xu H, Yang L, Xu K, Wang C. Cepharanthine inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and proliferation by regulating amino acid metabolism and suppresses tumorigenesis in vivo. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4340-4352. [PMID: 34803502 PMCID: PMC8579440 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.64675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cepharanthine (CEP), a natural compound extracted from Stephania cepharantha Hayata, has been found to have the potential to treat a variety of tumors in recent years. This study aims to evaluate the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) effect of CEP and determine its in-depth mechanism. In this study, Hep3B and HCCLM3 cells were selected to evaluate the antitumor effects of CEP in vitro, whereas tumor xenograft in nude mice was performed to make in vivo anti-tumor assessment. RNA-sequence (RNA-seq) was used to identify possible molecular targets and pathways. Further, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed to assess the differential metabolites involved in mediating the effect of CEP on the HCC cell line. Our results showed that CEP treatment resulted in the dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability, migration, and proliferation and could also induce apoptosis in HCC cells. RNA-seq following CEP treatment identified 168 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were highly enriched in metabolism-associated pathways. In addition, CEP down-regulated many metabolites through the amino acid metabolism pathway. In vivo experiment showed that CEP significantly suppressed tumor growth. Our results indicate that CEP has significant antitumor effects and has the potential to be a candidate drug for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Feng
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Lianhong Pan
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Antitumor Natural Drugs, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jiaqin Wu
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Lanqing Li
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Haiying Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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