1
|
Zhang W, Ran J, Shang L, Zhang L, Wang M, Fei C, Chen C, Gu F, Liu Y. Niclosamide as a repurposing drug against Gram-positive bacterial infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:3312-3320. [PMID: 36173387 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Niclosamide is commonly used as an antiparasitic drug in veterinary clinics. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of niclosamide against resistant Gram-positive bacteria in vitro and in an in vivo experimental model of topical bacterial infection. Moreover, to study the antibacterial mechanism of niclosamide to Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS A mouse topical infection model was established to detect the antibacterial activity of niclosamide in vivo. The antimicrobial mechanism was probed by visualizing the bacterial morphologies using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the haemolytic assay and western blotting analysis were performed to evaluate whether niclosamide could inhibit the secretion of alpha-haemolysin (α-HL) from S. aureus. RESULTS The MICs of niclosamide were below 0.5 mg/L for Gram-positive bacteria, showing excellent antibacterial activity in vitro. The in vivo antibacterial activity results indicated that niclosamide treatment at 10 mg/kg of body weight caused a significant reduction in the abscess area and the number of S. aureus cells. Moreover, the antibacterial mechanism of niclosamide showed that the surface morphology of S. aureus displayed noticeable shrinkage, with an increasing number of small vacuole-like structures observed as the drug concentration increased. Intracellular ATP levels were found to decrease in a niclosamide dose-dependent manner. Haemolysis and western blotting analyses revealed that niclosamide inhibited the haemolytic activity of S. aureus by inhibiting α-HL expression under subinhibitory concentration conditions. CONCLUSIONS Niclosamide has significant potential for development into drugs that prevent and treat diseases caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinxin Ran
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lu Shang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mi Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chenzhong Fei
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200241, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang H, Li AM, Ye J. The magic bullet: Niclosamide. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1004978. [PMID: 36479072 PMCID: PMC9720275 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1004978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The term 'magic bullet' is a scientific concept proposed by the German Nobel laureate Paul Ehrlich in 1907, describing a medicine that could specifically and efficiently target a disease without harming the body. Oncologists have been looking for a magic bullet for cancer therapy ever since. However, the current therapies for cancers-including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy-pose either pan-cytotoxicity or only single-target efficacy, precluding their ability to function as a magic bullet. Intriguingly, niclosamide, an FDA-approved drug for treating tapeworm infections with an excellent safety profile, displays broad anti-cancer activity in a variety of contexts. In particular, niclosamide inhibits multiple oncogenic pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Ras, Stat3, Notch, E2F-Myc, NF-κB, and mTOR and activates tumor suppressor signaling pathways such as p53, PP2A, and AMPK. Moreover, niclosamide potentially improves immunotherapy by modulating pathways such as PD-1/PDL-1. We recently discovered that niclosamide ethanolamine (NEN) reprograms cellular metabolism through its uncoupler function, consequently remodeling the cellular epigenetic landscape to promote differentiation. Inspired by the promising results from the pre-clinical studies, several clinical trials are ongoing to assess the therapeutic effect of niclosamide in cancer patients. This current review summarizes the functions, mechanism of action, and potential applications of niclosamide in cancer therapy as a magic bullet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Albert M. Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jiangbin Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Engin S, Yasar YK, Barut EN, Sezen SF. Improved Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Thoracic Aorta in Niclosamide-Treated Diabetic Rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:563-571. [PMID: 33772737 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction is critical for the development of diabetic cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of niclosamide (Nic) on vascular endothelial dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (75 mg/kg) to induce type 1 diabetes, and Nic (10 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered per day for 4 weeks. Endothelial function was evaluated as carbachol (CCh, an endothelium-dependent vasodilator)-evoked relaxation in the experiments performed on isolated thoracic aortas. The changes in the protein expressions of phosphorylated eNOS at serine 1177 (p-eNOSSer1177) and phosphorylated VASP at serine 239 (p-VASPSer239) of the rat aortas were analyzed by western blotting to determine whether NO/cGMP signaling is involved in the mechanism of Nic. STZ-injected rats had higher fasting blood glucose and less body weight compared to control rats (p < 0.05). Nic treatment did not affect blood glucose levels or body weights of the rats. CCh-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation of the aortic rings was significantly decreased in diabetic rats compared to control (Emax = 66.79 ± 7.41% and 90.28 ± 5.55%, respectively; p < 0.05). CCh-induced relaxation response was greater in Nic-treated diabetic rats compared to diabetic rats (Emax = 91.56 ± 1.20% and 66.79 ± 7.41%, respectively; p < 0.05). Phosphorylation of eNOS and VASP in aortic tissues was significantly reduced in diabetic rats, which were markedly increased by Nic treatment (p < 0.05). We demonstrated that Nic improved endothelial dysfunction possibly through the activation of NO/cGMP signaling without affecting hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. Our results suggesting that Nic has potential of repurposing for diabetic cardiovascular complications.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cyclic GMP/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/chemically induced
- Diabetic Angiopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/prevention & control
- Drug Repositioning
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Male
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Niclosamide/pharmacology
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Streptozocin
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Rats
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seckin Engin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, P.O:61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Yesim Kaya Yasar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, P.O:61080, Trabzon, Turkey
- Drug and Pharmaceutical Technology Application and Research Center, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Elif Nur Barut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, P.O:61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sena F Sezen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, P.O:61080, Trabzon, Turkey
- Drug and Pharmaceutical Technology Application and Research Center, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|