1
|
Ettam A, Rao LV, Balakishan G, Kancha RK, Mullaguri SC, Kumar KS. Synthesis of Novel Benazepril-Derived Trizole Compounds Assisted by Ultrasound: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis for Potential Anticancer Properties. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202401235. [PMID: 39008533 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202401235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Benazepril-based novel trizole derivatives are being explored as potential anticancer agents, designed with an N-substituted 1,2,3-triazole moiety linked to Benazepril's N-1 position via a methylene bridge. An ultrasound irradiated CuAAC method was used to prepare all these compounds and evaluated their anti-proliferative activities against cancer and drug-resistant cell lines. While some of these compounds demonstrated anti-proliferative activity towards leukemic cancer cell line K562, two of them displayed complete inhibitory activity. Interestingly, the compounds 5n and 5o showed potent activity against imatinib-resistant cell lines suggesting their promise to overcome cancer drug resistance. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis revealed that compounds 5n and 5o have higher predicted sensitivity towards ACE protein when compared to benazepril and lisinopril indicating their value as potential drug lead molecules. This research introduces a distinctive approach by employing ultrasound to facilitate CuAAC reactions in medicinal chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Ettam
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | - L Vaikunta Rao
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | | | - Rama Krishna Kancha
- Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics Laboratory, CPMB, Osmania University, Hyderaba, 500007, India
| | - Sai Chairitha Mullaguri
- Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics Laboratory, CPMB, Osmania University, Hyderaba, 500007, India
| | - K Shiva Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671320, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gayatri MB, Kancha RK, Behera A, Patchva D, Velugonda N, Gundeti S, Reddy ABM. AMPK-induced novel phosphorylation of RUNX1 inhibits STAT3 activation and overcome imatinib resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) subjects. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:401. [PMID: 37903788 PMCID: PMC10616083 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Imatinib resistance remains an unresolved problem in CML disease. Activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway and increased expression of RUNX1 have become one reason for development of imatinib resistance in CML subjects. Metformin has gained attention as an antileukemic drug in recent times. However, the molecular mechanism remains elusive. The present study shows that RUNX1 is a novel substrate of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), where AMPK phosphorylates RUNX1 at Ser 94 position. Activation of AMPK by metformin could lead to increased cytoplasmic retention of RUNX1 due to Ser 94 phosphorylation. RUNX1 Ser 94 phosphorylation resulted in increased interaction with STAT3, which was reflected in reduced transcriptional activity of both RUNX1 and STAT3 due to their cytoplasmic retention. The reduced transcriptional activity of STAT3 and RUNX1 resulted in the down-regulation of their signaling targets involved in proliferation and anti-apoptosis. Our cell proliferation assays using in vitro resistant cell line models and PBMCs isolated from CML clinical patients and normal subjects demonstrate that metformin treatment resulted in reduced growth and improved imatinib sensitivity of resistant subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meher Bolisetti Gayatri
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Rama Krishna Kancha
- Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics Laboratory, CPMB, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Abhayananda Behera
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Dorababu Patchva
- Department of Pharmacology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, 500033, India
| | - Nagaraj Velugonda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, 500082, India
| | - Sadasivudu Gundeti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, 500082, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gayatri MB, Kancha RK, Patchva D, Velugonda N, Gundeti S, Reddy ABM. Metformin exerts antileukemic effects by modulating lactate metabolism and overcomes imatinib resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia. FEBS J 2023; 290:4480-4495. [PMID: 37171230 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Imatinib is the frontline treatment option in treating chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Hitherto, some patients relapse following treatment. Biochemical analysis of a panel of clonally derived imatinib-resistant cells revealed enhanced glucose uptake and ATP production, suggesting increased rates of glycolysis. Interestingly, increased lactate export was also observed in imatinib-resistant cell lines. Here, we show that metformin inhibits the growth of imatinib-resistant cell lines as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from patients who relapsed following imatinib treatment. Metformin exerted these antiproliferative effects by inhibiting MCT1 and MCT4, leading to the inhibition of lactate export. Furthermore, glucose uptake and ATP production were also inhibited following metformin treatment due to the inhibition of GLUT1 and HK-II in an AMPK-dependent manner. Our results also confirmed that metformin-mediated inhibition of lactate export and glucose uptake occurs through the regulation of mTORC1 and HIF-1α. These results delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic reprogramming leading to secondary imatinib resistance and the potential of metformin as a therapeutic option in CML.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Metformin/pharmacology
- Metformin/therapeutic use
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Lactic Acid/metabolism
- Glucose/metabolism
- Adenosine Triphosphate
- Apoptosis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rama Krishna Kancha
- Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics Laboratory, CPMB, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Dorababu Patchva
- Department of Pharmacology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nagaraj Velugonda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sadashivudu Gundeti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Aramati B M Reddy
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gayatri MB, Gajula NN, Chava S, Reddy ABM. High glutamine suppresses osteogenesis through mTORC1-mediated inhibition of the mTORC2/AKT-473/RUNX2 axis. Cell Death Discov 2022; 8:277. [PMID: 35672290 PMCID: PMC9174279 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the key nutrient cellular sensors mTORC1 and mTORC2 directs the fate of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Here, we report that glutamine regulates crosstalk between mTOR complexes and lineage commitment of MSCs independent of glucose concentration. High glutamine-induced mTORC1 hyperactivation resulted in the suppression of mTORC2, which otherwise stabilizes RUNX2 via GSK3β inhibition through pAKT-473. Activation of GSK3β resulted in the ubiquitination of RUNX2, a key transcription factor for the osteogenic commitment of MSCs. However, low glutamine conditions inhibit mTORC1 hyperactivation followed by increased mTORC2 activation and RUNX2 stabilization. Under diabetic/high-glucose conditions, glutamine-triggered hyperactivation of mTORC1 resulted in mTORC2 suppression, and active GSK3β led to suppression of RUNX2. Activation of p-AMPK by metformin inhibits high glutamine-induced mTORC1 hyperactivation and rescues RUNX2 through the mTORC2/AKT-473 axis. Collectively, our study indicates the role of glutamine in modulating MSC fate through cross-talk between mTOR complexes by identifying a critical switch in signaling. It also shows the importance of glutamine in modulating molecular cues (mTORC1/p-70S6K/mTORC2/RUNX2) that are involved in driving diabetes-induced bone adipogenesis and other secondary complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meher Bolisetti Gayatri
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Navya Naidu Gajula
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suresh Chava
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Aramati B M Reddy
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
| |
Collapse
|