1
|
Sheedy A, Burduli N, Prakash A, Gurney M, Hanley S, Prendeville H, Sarkar S, O'Dwyer J, O'Dwyer M, Dolan E. NK cell line modified to express a potent, DR5 specific variant of TRAIL, show enhanced cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34976. [PMID: 39170449 PMCID: PMC11336271 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Ovarian cancer is a lethal gynaecological malignancy with unsatisfactory 5 year survival rates of 30-50 %. Cell immunotherapy is a promising new cancer treatment where immune cells, such as Natural Killer (NK) cells, are administered to enable the patient to fight cancer through direct cytotoxicity. NK cells orchestrate an adaptive immune response by enabling the release of tumour antigens. NK cell cytotoxicity and effector responses are largely driven by TRAIL engagement. In this study we investigated the cytotoxic potential of a human NK cell line that were modified to express a potent DR5 specific TRAIL variant. We hypothesised that this modification would enhance NK cell cytotoxicity against TRAIL sensitive and resistant ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro. Methods KHYG-1 human NK cells were modified with a TRAIL variant targeting DR5 (TRAILv-KHYG-1). Human ovarian cancer cell lines, OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3, were cultured with modified or non-modified NK cells at different effector:target (E:T) ratios for 4 or 16 h. Apoptosis was assessed by Annexin-APC and 7-AAD and measured using flow cytometry. Apoptotic cells were defined as annexin V 7-AAD double positive. Cytokine expression was measured by multiplex ELISA, and analysed by flow cytometry. Results Modified and non-modified NK cells significantly reduced OVCAR-3 cell viability as compared to OVCAR-3 cells that were cultured alone after 4 and 16 h treatment. OVCAR-3 cell viability was reduced after treatment with 1:1 E:T ratio with TRAILv-KHYG-1 cells after 16 h. On the contrary, neither NK cell line had any effect of SKOV-3 cell viability despite SKOV-3 cells having more DR5 surface expression compared to OVCAR-3 cells. Conclusions TRAILv-KHYG-1 cells significantly reduced OVCAR-3 cell viability as compared to non-modified NK cells. However, no significant reduction in viability was observed when SKOV-3 cell were cultured with either NK cells, despite having more DR5 surface expression compared to OVCAR-3 cells. These data indicate that mechanisms other than DR5 expression drive TRAIL resistance in ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Sheedy
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - N. Burduli
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Center for Hematology Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A. Prakash
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - M. Gurney
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - S. Hanley
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - H. Prendeville
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - S. Sarkar
- ONK Therapeutics Inc, Galway, Ireland
| | - J. O'Dwyer
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - M. O'Dwyer
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- ONK Therapeutics Inc, Galway, Ireland
| | - E.B. Dolan
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu Q, Ding J, Li S, Li Y. Autophagy in cancer immunotherapy: Perspective on immune evasion and cell death interactions. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216856. [PMID: 38583651 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Both the innate and adaptive immune systems work together to produce immunity. Cancer immunotherapy is a novel approach to tumor suppression that has arisen in response to the ineffectiveness of traditional treatments like radiation and chemotherapy. On the other hand, immune evasion can diminish immunotherapy's efficacy. There has been a lot of focus in recent years on autophagy and other underlying mechanisms that impact the possibility of cancer immunotherapy. The primary feature of autophagy is the synthesis of autophagosomes, which engulf cytoplasmic components and destroy them by lysosomal degradation. The planned cell death mechanism known as autophagy can have opposite effects on carcinogenesis, either increasing or decreasing it. It is autophagy's job to maintain the balance and proper functioning of immune cells like B cells, T cells, and others. In addition, autophagy controls whether macrophages adopt the immunomodulatory M1 or M2 phenotype. The ability of autophagy to control the innate and adaptive immune systems is noteworthy. Interleukins and chemokines are immunological checkpoint chemicals that autophagy regulates. Reducing antigen presentation to induce immunological tolerance is another mechanism by which autophagy promotes cancer survival. Therefore, targeting autophagy is of importance for enhancing potential of cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yu
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jiajun Ding
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shisen Li
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hou Y, Zhao X, Nie X. Enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of NK cells in the treatment of ovarian cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 51:50. [PMID: 38299257 PMCID: PMC10851334 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a prevalent gynecological malignancy associated with a high mortality rate and a low 5‑year survival rate. Typically, >70% of patients present with an advanced stage of the disease, resulting in a high number of ovarian cancer‑associated deaths worldwide. Over the past decade, adoptive cellular immunotherapy has been investigated in clinical trials, and the results have led to the increased use in cancer treatment. Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphoid cells that recognize and lyse transformed cells, thereby impeding tumor growth. Thus, NK cells exhibit potential as a form of immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer. However, some patients with ovarian cancer treated with NK cells have experienced unsatisfactory outcomes. Therefore, further optimization of NK cells is required to increase the number of patients achieving long‑term remission. In the present review article, studies focusing on improving NK cell function were systematically summarized, and innovative strategies that augment the anticancer properties of NK cells were proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Hou
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xiujun Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Nie
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
He W, Chen J, Zhou Y, Deng T, Feng Y, Luo X, Zhang C, Huang H, Liu J. Mitophagy genes in ovarian cancer: a comprehensive analysis for improved immunotherapy. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:221. [PMID: 38038814 PMCID: PMC10692064 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00750-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitophagy is a process of selectively degrading damaged mitochondria, which has been found to be related to immunity, tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. However, the role of mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of ovarian cancer (OV) remains largely unexplored. METHODS We analyzed the expression, prognosis, and genetic alterations of 29 MRGs in 480 OV samples. Unsupervised clustering was used to classify OV into two subtypes (clusters A and B) based on MRG changes. We compared the clinical features, differential expressed genes (DEGs), pathways, and immune cell infiltration between the two clusters. We constructed a mitophagy scoring system (MRG_score) based on the DEGs and validated its ability to predict overall survival of OV patients. RESULTS We found that patients with high MRG_scores had better survival status and increased infiltration by immune cells. Further analysis showed that these patients may be more sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. Additionally, the MRG_score significantly correlated with the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted inhibitors. CONCLUSION Our comprehensive analysis of MRGs in the TME, clinical features, and patient prognosis revealed that the MRG_score is a potentially effective prognostic biomarker and predictor of treatment. This study provides new insights into the role of MRGs in OV and identifies patients who may benefit from ICI treatment, chemotherapy, or targeted treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting He
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jieping Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yanling Feng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaolin Luo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chuyao Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kaur K, Chen PC, Ko MW, Mei A, Senjor E, Malarkannan S, Kos J, Jewett A. Sequential therapy with supercharged NK cells with either chemotherapy drug cisplatin or anti-PD-1 antibody decreases the tumor size and significantly enhances the NK function in Hu-BLT mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1132807. [PMID: 37197660 PMCID: PMC10183580 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1132807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and methods In this study we report that sequential treatment of supercharged NK (sNK) cells with either chemotherapeutic drugs or check-point inhibitors eliminate both poorly differentiated and well differentiated tumors in-vivo in humanized-BLT mice. Background and results sNK cells were found to be a unique population of activated NK cells with genetic, proteomic, and functional attributes that are very different from primary untreated or IL-2 treated NK cells. Furthermore, NK-supernatant differentiated or well-differentiated oral or pancreatic tumor cell lines are not susceptible to IL-2 activated primary NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity; however, they are greatly killed by the CDDP and paclitaxel in in-vitro assays. Injection of one dose of sNK cells at 1 million cells per mouse to aggressive CSC-like/poorly differentiated oral tumor bearing mice, followed by an injection of CDDP, inhibited tumor weight and growth, and increased IFN-γ secretion as well as NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity substantially in bone marrow, spleen and peripheral blood derived immune cells. Similarly, the use of check point inhibitor anti-PD-1 antibody increased IFN-γ secretion and NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and decreased the tumor burden in-vivo, and tumor growth of resected minimal residual tumors from hu-BLT mice when used sequentially with sNK cells. The addition of anti-PDL1 antibody to poorly differentiated MP2, NK-differentiated MP2 or well-differentiated PL-12 pancreatic tumors had different effects on tumor cells depending on the differentiation status of the tumor cells, since differentiated tumors expressed PD-L1 and were susceptible to NK cell mediated ADCC, whereas poorly differentiated OSCSCs or MP2 did not express PD-L1 and were killed directly by the NK cells. Conclusions Therefore, the ability to target combinatorially clones of tumors with NK cells and chemotherapeutic drugs or NK cells with checkpoint inhibitors at different stages of tumor differentiation may be crucial for successful eradication and cure of cancer. Furthermore, the success of check point inhibitor PD-L1 may relate to the levels of expression on tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kawaljit Kaur
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, University of California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Po-Chun Chen
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, University of California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Meng-Wei Ko
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, University of California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ao Mei
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Emanuela Senjor
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, University of California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Subramaniam Malarkannan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Janko Kos
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anahid Jewett
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, University of California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Dentistry and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Troschke-Meurer S, Zumpe M, Meißner L, Siebert N, Grabarczyk P, Forkel H, Maletzki C, Bekeschus S, Lode HN. Chemotherapeutics Used for High-Risk Neuroblastoma Therapy Improve the Efficacy of Anti-GD2 Antibody Dinutuximab Beta in Preclinical Spheroid Models. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030904. [PMID: 36765861 PMCID: PMC9913527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-disialoganglioside GD2 antibody ch14.18/CHO (dinutuximab beta, DB) improved the outcome of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) in the maintenance phase. We investigated chemotherapeutic compounds used in newly diagnosed patients in combination with DB. Vincristine, etoposide, carboplatin, cisplatin, and cyclophosphamide, as well as DB, were used at concentrations achieved in pediatric clinical trials. The effects on stress ligand and checkpoint expression by neuroblastoma cells and on activation receptors of NK cells were determined by using flow cytometry. NK-cell activity was measured with a CD107a/IFN-γ assay. Long-term cytotoxicity was analyzed in three spheroid models derived from GD2-positive neuroblastoma cell lines (LAN-1, CHLA 20, and CHLA 136) expressing a fluorescent near-infrared protein. Chemotherapeutics combined with DB in the presence of immune cells improved cytotoxic efficacy up to 17-fold compared to in the controls, and the effect was GD2-specific. The activating stress and inhibitory checkpoint ligands on neuroblastoma cells were upregulated by the chemotherapeutics up to 9- and 5-fold, respectively, and activation receptors on NK cells were not affected. The CD107a/IFN-γ assay revealed no additional activation of NK cells by the chemotherapeutics. The synergistic effect of DB with chemotherapeutics seems primarily attributed to the combined toxicity of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and chemotherapy, which supports further clinical evaluation in frontline induction therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Troschke-Meurer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Maxi Zumpe
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lena Meißner
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nikolai Siebert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Piotr Grabarczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hannes Forkel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Claudia Maletzki
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Holger N. Lode
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3834-86-6300; Fax: +49-3834-86-6410
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ranasinghe R, Mathai ML, Zulli A. Cisplatin for cancer therapy and overcoming chemoresistance. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10608. [PMID: 36158077 PMCID: PMC9489975 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin spearheads the anticancer chemotherapeutics in present-day use although acute toxicity is its primary impediment factor. Among a plethora of experimental medications, a drug as effective or surpassing the benefits of cisplatin has not been discovered yet. Although Oxaliplatin is considered more superior to cisplatin, the former has been better for colorectal cancer while cisplatin is widely used for treating gynaecological cancers. Carcinoma imposes a heavy toll on mortality rates worldwide despite the novel treatment strategies and detection methods that have been introduced; nanomedicine combined with precision medicine, immunotherapy, volume-regulated anion channels, and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography. Millions of deaths occur annually from metastatic cancers which escape early detection and the concomitant diseases caused by highly toxic chemotherapy that causes organ damage. It continues due to insufficient knowledge of the debilitative mechanisms induced by cancer biology. To overcome chemoresistance and to attenuate the adverse effects of cisplatin therapy, both in vitro and in vivo models of cisplatin-treated cancers and a few multi-centred, multi-phasic, randomized clinical trials in pursuant with recent novel strategies have been tested. They include plant-based phytochemical compounds, de novo drug delivery systems, biochemical/immune pathways, 2D and 3D cell culture models using small molecule inhibitors and genetic/epigenetic mechanisms, that have contributed to further the understanding of cisplatin's role in modulating the tumour microenvironment. Cisplatin was beneficial in cancer therapy for modulating the putative cellular mechanisms; apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest and gene therapy of micro RNAs. Specific importance of drug influx, efflux, systemic circulatory toxicity, half-maximal inhibition, and the augmentation of host immunometabolism have been identified. This review offers a discourse on the recent anti-neoplastic treatment strategies to enhance cisplatin efficacy and to overcome chemoresistance, given its superiority among other tolerable chemotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranmali Ranasinghe
- Institute for Health and Sport, College of Health and Medicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael L Mathai
- Institute for Health and Sport, College of Health and Medicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport, College of Health and Medicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Guo W, Ji T, Deng Y, Liu J, Gou Y, Dong W. Facile synthesis of a glutathione-depleting Cu(II)-half-salamo-based coordination polymer for enhanced chemodynamic therapy. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:11884-11891. [PMID: 35876194 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01786e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), utilizing Fenton catalysts to convert intracellular H2O2 into toxic hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) to kill cancer cells, has a wide application prospect in tumor treatment because of its high selectivity. Its anticancer effect, however, is unsatisfactory due to the overexpressed glutathione (GSH). Herein, a GSH-depleting Cu(II)-half-salamo-based coordination polymer (CuCP) was prepared and validated by single crystal X-ray crystallography, Hirshfeld surface analyses and DFT calculations. The Cu(II) ions in the coordination polymer are five-coordinated bearing slightly twisted square pyramidal coordination environments and are bridged by phenoxy and alkoxy groups. After internalization by tumor cells, the CuCP could be biodegraded and reduced by GSH to generate a large amount of Cu(I), simultaneously depleting GSH. Subsequently, the Cu(I) ions interact with H2O2 to generate toxic ˙OH through a Fenton-like reaction to enhance their anticancer efficacy. Our study provides useful insights into designing smarter metal-based anticancer agents to improve the CDT efficiency in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Tongxi Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Yunhu Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Yantong Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Wenkui Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cell-based immunotherapies in gynecologic cancers. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2022; 34:10-14. [PMID: 34967809 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides an update on recent developments in cell-based immunotherapy in gynecologic cancers. RECENT FINDINGS Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology has made significant progress allowing now for not only expressing CARs on T-cells, but also on other immune effector cells, such as natural killer cells and macrophages. Cell-based vaccines have started to show promising results in clinical trials. SUMMARY Cell-based immunotherapies in gynecologic cancers continue to evolve with promising clinical efficacy in select patients.
Collapse
|