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Shen Y, Zhang G, Wei C, Zhao P, Wang Y, Li M, Sun L. Potential role and therapeutic implications of glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:613-631. [PMID: 38886929 PMCID: PMC11433915 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Despite extensive research, a cure for Alzheimer's disease has not yet been found. Oxidative stress mediates excessive oxidative responses, and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis as a primary or secondary pathological event is widely accepted. As a member of the selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme family, glutathione peroxidase 4 reduces esterified phospholipid hydroperoxides to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. With the discovery of ferroptosis, the central role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in anti-lipid peroxidation in several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, has received widespread attention. Increasing evidence suggests that glutathione peroxidase 4 expression is inhibited in the Alzheimer's disease brain, resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, which are closely associated with pathological damage in Alzheimer's disease. Several therapeutic approaches, such as small molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological treatments, ameliorate pathological damage and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease by promoting glutathione peroxidase 4 expression and enhancing glutathione peroxidase 4 activity. Therefore, glutathione peroxidase 4 upregulation may be a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This review provides an overview of the gene structure, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of glutathione peroxidase 4, a discussion on the important role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in pathological events closely related to Alzheimer's disease, and a summary of the advances in small-molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological therapies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Most prior studies on this subject used animal models, and relevant clinical studies are lacking. Future clinical trials are required to validate the therapeutic effects of strategies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Shen
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guimei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chunxiao Wei
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yongchun Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Tao X, Kang N, Zheng Z, Zhu Z, Ma J, He W. The regulatory mechanisms of N6-methyladenosine modification in ferroptosis and its implications in disease pathogenesis. Life Sci 2024; 355:123011. [PMID: 39181316 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
HEADING AIMS Based on the current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which m6A influences ferroptosis, our objective is to underscore the intricate and interdependent relationships between m6A and the principal regulatory pathways of ferroptosis, as well as other molecules, emphasizing its relevance to diseases associated with this cell death mode. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a literature search using the keywords "m6A and ferroptosis" across PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline. The search was limited to English-language publications from 2017 to 2024. Retrieved articles were managed using Endnote software. Two authors independently screened the search results and reviewed the full texts of selected articles. KEY FINDINGS Abnormal m6A levels are often identified as critical regulators of ferroptosis. Specifically, "writers", "readers" and "erasers" that dynamically modulate m6A function regulate various pathways in ferroptosis including iron metabolism, lipid metabolism and antioxidant system. Additionally, we provide an overview of the role of m6A-mediated ferroptosis in multiple diseases and summarize the potential applications of m6A-mediated ferroptosis, including its use as a therapeutic target for diseases and as diagnostic as well as prognostic biomarkers. SIGNIFICANCE N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, a prevalent RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, is crucial in regulating various aspects of RNA metabolism. Notably, accumulating evidence has implicated m6A modification in ferroptosis, a form of iron-dependent cell death characterized by elevated iron levels and lipid peroxide accumulation. Overall, this review sheds light on the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of m6A regulators in addressing conditions associated with ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Ningning Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, PR China
| | - Zongqin Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Ziyi Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Junting Ma
- Department of Immunology and Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China.
| | - Wei He
- Department of Immunology and Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China.
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Shi JX, Zhang ZC, Yin HZ, Piao XJ, Liu CH, Liu QJ, Zhang JC, Zhou WX, Liu FC, Yang F, Wang YF, Liu H. RNA m6A modification in ferroptosis: implications for advancing tumor immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:213. [PMID: 39342168 PMCID: PMC11437708 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02132-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The pursuit of innovative therapeutic strategies in oncology remains imperative, given the persistent global impact of cancer as a leading cause of mortality. Immunotherapy is regarded as one of the most promising techniques for systemic cancer therapies among the several therapeutic options available. Nevertheless, limited immune response rates and immune resistance urge us on an augmentation for therapeutic efficacy rather than sticking to conventional approaches. Ferroptosis, a novel reprogrammed cell death, is tightly correlated with the tumor immune environment and interferes with cancer progression. Highly mutant or metastasis-prone tumor cells are more susceptible to iron-dependent nonapoptotic cell death. Consequently, ferroptosis-induction therapies hold the promise of overcoming resistance to conventional treatments. The most prevalent post-transcriptional modification, RNA m6A modification, regulates the metabolic processes of targeted RNAs and is involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Aberrant m6A modification influences cell susceptibility to ferroptosis, as well as the expression of immune checkpoints. Clarifying the regulation of m6A modification on ferroptosis and its significance in tumor cell response will provide a distinct method for finding potential targets to enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy. In this review, we comprehensively summarized regulatory characteristics of RNA m6A modification on ferroptosis and discussed the role of RNA m6A-mediated ferroptosis on immunotherapy, aiming to enhance the effectiveness of ferroptosis-sensitive immunotherapy as a treatment for immune-resistant malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xiao Shi
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Zhang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hao-Zan Yin
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xian-Jie Piao
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Cheng-Hu Liu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qian-Jia Liu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Zhang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Zhou
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fu-Chen Liu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fu Yang
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biosafety Defense, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yue-Fan Wang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Zhang H, Sun F, Jiang S, Yang F, Dong X, Liu G, Wang M, Li Y, Su M, Wen Z, Yu C, Fan C, Li X, Zhang Z, Yang L, Li B. METTL protein family: focusing on the occurrence, progression and treatment of cancer. Biomark Res 2024; 12:105. [PMID: 39289775 PMCID: PMC11409517 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00652-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Methyltransferase-like protein is a ubiquitous enzyme-like protein in the human body, with binding domains for nucleic acids, proteins and other small molecules, and plays an important role in a variety of biological behaviours in normal organisms and diseases, characterised by the presence of a methyltransferase-like structural domain and a structurally conserved SAM-binding domain formed by the seven-stranded β-fold structure in the center of the protein. With the deepening of research, the METTL protein family has been found to be abnormally expressed in a variety of tumor diseases, and the clarification of its relationship with tumor diseases can be used as a molecular therapeutic target and has an important role in the prognosis of tumors. In this paper, we review the structure, biological process, immunotherapy, drug-targeted therapy, and markers of the METTL protein family to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huhu Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fulin Sun
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shuyao Jiang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fanghao Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaolei Dong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Guoxiang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, 151, Guangwen Streer, Weifang, 261041, China
| | - Mengjun Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mohan Su
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ziyuan Wen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chunjuan Yu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chenkai Fan
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Haici Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Barone S, Cerchia C, Summa V, Brindisi M. Methyl-Transferase-Like Protein 16 (METTL16): The Intriguing Journey of a Key Epitranscriptomic Player Becoming an Emerging Biological Target. J Med Chem 2024; 67:14786-14806. [PMID: 39150226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Key epitranscriptomic players have been increasingly characterized for their structural features and their involvement in several diseases. Accordingly, the design and synthesis of novel epitranscriptomic modulators have started opening a glimmer for drug discovery. m6A is a reversible modification occurring on a specific site and is catalyzed by three sets of proteins responsible for opposite functions. Writers (e.g., methyl-transferase-like protein (METTL) 3/METTL14 complex and METTL16) introduce the methyl group on adenosine N-6, by transferring the methyl group from the methyl donor S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) to the substrate. Despite the rapidly advancing drug discovery progress on METTL3/METTL14, the METTL16 m6A writer has been marginally explored so far. We herein provide the first comprehensive overview of structural and biological features of METTL16, highlighting the state of the art in the field of its biological and structural characterization. We also showcase initial efforts in the identification of structural templates and preliminary structure-activity relationships for METTL16 modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Barone
- Department of Pharmacy (DoE 2023-2027), University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Cerchia
- Department of Pharmacy (DoE 2023-2027), University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Summa
- Department of Pharmacy (DoE 2023-2027), University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Margherita Brindisi
- Department of Pharmacy (DoE 2023-2027), University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Yang Y, Hao L, Guiyang L, Haozhe P. Multifaceted bioinformatic analysis of m6A-related ferroptosis and its link with gene signatures and tumour-infiltrating immune cells in gliomas. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e70060. [PMID: 39248438 PMCID: PMC11382363 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.70060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Whether N6-Methyladenosine (m6A)- and ferroptosis-related genes act on immune responses to regulate glioma progression remains unanswered. Data of glioma and corresponding normal brain tissues were fetched from the TCGA database and GTEx. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified for GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The FerrDb database was based to yield ferroptosis-related DEGs. Hub genes were then screened out using the cytoHubba database and validated in clinical samples. Immune cells infiltrating into the glioma tissues were analysed using the CIBERSORT R script. The association of gene signature underlying the m6A-related ferroptosis with tumour-infiltrating immune cells and immune checkpoints in low-grade gliomas was analysed. Of 6298 DEGs enriched in mRNA modifications, 144 were ferroptosis-related; NFE2L2 and METTL16 showed the strongest positive correlation. METTL16 knockdown inhibited the migrative and invasive abilities of glioma cells and induced ferroptosis in vitro. NFE2L2 was enriched in the anti-m6A antibody. Moreover, METTL16 knockdown reduced the mRNA stability and level of NFE2L2 (both p < 0.05). Proportions of CD8+ T lymphocytes, activated mast cells and M2 macrophages differed between low-grade gliomas and normal tissues. METTL16 expression was negatively correlated with CD8+ T lymphocytes, while that of NFE2L2 was positively correlated with M2 macrophages and immune checkpoints in low-grade gliomas. Gene signatures involved in the m6A-related ferroptosis in gliomas were identified via bioinformatic analyses. NFE2L2 interacted with METTL16 to regulate the immune response in low-grade gliomas, and both molecules may be novel therapeutic targets for gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- TCM Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Hao
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Guiyang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Piao Haozhe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Qu Y, Gao N, Zhang S, Gao L, He B, Wang C, Gong C, Shi Q, Li Z, Yang S, Xiao Y. Role of N6-methyladenosine RNA modification in cancer. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e715. [PMID: 39252821 PMCID: PMC11381670 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant modification of RNA in eukaryotic cells. Previous studies have shown that m6A is pivotal in diverse diseases especially cancer. m6A corelates with the initiation, progression, resistance, invasion, and metastasis of cancer. However, despite these insights, a comprehensive understanding of its specific roles and mechanisms within the complex landscape of cancer is still elusive. This review begins by outlining the key regulatory proteins of m6A modification and their posttranslational modifications (PTMs), as well as the role in chromatin accessibility and transcriptional activity within cancer cells. Additionally, it highlights that m6A modifications impact cancer progression by modulating programmed cell death mechanisms and affecting the tumor microenvironment through various cancer-associated immune cells. Furthermore, the review discusses how microorganisms can induce enduring epigenetic changes and oncogenic effect in microorganism-associated cancers by altering m6A modifications. Last, it delves into the role of m6A modification in cancer immunotherapy, encompassing RNA therapy, immune checkpoint blockade, cytokine therapy, adoptive cell transfer therapy, and direct targeting of m6A regulators. Overall, this review clarifies the multifaceted role of m6A modification in cancer and explores targeted therapies aimed at manipulating m6A modification, aiming to advance cancer research and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Nannan Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Shengwei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Limin Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Bing He
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Chunli Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Qiuyue Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Yufeng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
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Xie Y, Xie J, Li L. The Role of Methylation in Ferroptosis. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10539-1. [PMID: 39075241 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Methylation modification is a crucial epigenetic alteration encompassing RNA methylation, DNA methylation, and histone methylation. Ferroptosis represents a newly discovered form of programmed cell death (PCD) in 2012, which is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The comprehensive investigation of ferroptosis is therefore imperative for a more profound comprehension of the pathological and pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in a wide array of diseases. Researches show that methylation modifications can exert either promotive or inhibitory effects on cell ferroptosis. Consequently, this review offers a comprehensive overview of the pivotal role played by methylation in ferroptosis, elucidating its associated factors and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Xie
- Class of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Xie
- Class of Excellent Doctor, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Physiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Wang R, Gao X, Xie L, Lin J, Ren Y. METTL16 regulates the mRNA stability of FBXO5 via m6A modification to facilitate the malignant behavior of breast cancer. Cancer Metab 2024; 12:22. [PMID: 39061113 PMCID: PMC11282785 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-024-00351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulates the progression of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to investigate the action and mechanism involved of methyltransferase-like protein 16 (METTL16) in BC growth and metastasis. METHODS RT-qPCR, immunoblotting, and IHC were performed to test the levels of gene expression. CCK-8, clone formation, wound healing, and transwell assays were applied to measure the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. m6A RNA methylation and MeRIP assay were utilized to confirm the m6A level of total RNA and FBXO5 mRNA. RIP was utilized to ascertain the interaction between METTL16 and FBXO5 mRNA. The in vivo murine subcutaneous tumor and metastasis model were constructed to further confirm the action of METTL16. RESULTS METTL16 was overexpression in BC cells and tissues. Inhibition of METTL16 restrained the growth and metastasis of BC. Furthermore, the METTL16 level and FBXO5 level was positively correlated in BC tissues, and METTL16 aggrandized the stability of FBXO5 mRNA depending on the m6A modification. Overexpression of FBXO5 antagonized the restrained function of METTL16 knockdown on BC cells' proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT. CONCLUSION METTL16 boosts the mRNA stability of FBXO5 via m6A modification to facilitate the malignant action of BC in vitro and in vivo, offering new latent targets for cure of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runying Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian City, 116024, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Xingjie Gao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian City, 116044, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Luhan Xie
- Deparment of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian City, 116044, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian City, 116024, Liaoning Province, P.R. China.
| | - Yanying Ren
- Hernia and Colorectal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, 116023, Liaoning Province, P.R. China.
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Bove G, Crepaldi M, Amin S, Megchelenbrink WL, Nebbioso A, Carafa V, Altucci L, Del Gaudio N. The m 6A-independent role of epitranscriptomic factors in cancer. Int J Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38935523 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Protein function alteration and protein mislocalization are cancer hallmarks that drive oncogenesis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) deposition mediated by METTL3, METTL16, and METTL5 together with the contribution of additional subunits of the m6A system, has shown a dramatic impact on cancer development. However, the cellular localization of m6A proteins inside tumor cells has been little studied so far. Interestingly, recent evidence indicates that m6A methyltransferases are not always confined to the nucleus, suggesting that epitranscriptomic factors may also have multiple oncogenic roles beyond m6A that still represent an unexplored field. To date novel epigenetic drugs targeting m6A modifiers, such as METTL3 inhibitors, are entering into clinical trials, therefore, the study of the potential onco-properties of m6A effectors beyond m6A is required. Here we will provide an overview of methylation-independent functions of the m6A players in cancer, describing the molecular mechanisms involved and the future implications for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Bove
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Crepaldi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sajid Amin
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Wouter Leonard Megchelenbrink
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Prinses Máxima Centrum, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Program of Medical Epigenetics, Vanvitelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carafa
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- BIOGEM, Via Camporeale, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Prinses Máxima Centrum, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- BIOGEM, Via Camporeale, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- IEOS-CNR Institute for Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzio Del Gaudio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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11
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Adzavon KP, Zhao W, He X, Sheng W. Ferroptosis resistance in cancer cells: nanoparticles for combination therapy as a solution. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1416382. [PMID: 38962305 PMCID: PMC11219589 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1416382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death (RCD) characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is currently proposed as one of the most promising means of combating tumor resistance. Nevertheless, the problem of ferroptosis resistance in certain cancer cells has been identified. This review first, investigates the mechanisms of ferroptosis induction in cancer cells. Next, the problem of cancer cell resistance to ferroptosis, as well as the underlying mechanisms is discussed. Recently discovered ferroptosis-suppressing biomarkers have been described. The various types of nanoparticles that can induce ferroptosis are also discussed. Given the ability of nanoparticles to combine multiple agents, this review proposes nanoparticle-based ferroptosis cell death as a viable method of circumventing this resistance. This review suggests combining ferroptosis with other forms of cell death, such as apoptosis, cuproptosis and autophagy. It also suggests combining ferroptosis with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wang Sheng
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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12
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Wei Q, Xue C, Li M, Wei J, Zheng L, Chen S, Duan Y, Deng H, Tang F, Xiong W, Zhou M. Ferroptosis: a critical mechanism of N 6-methyladenosine modification involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1119-1132. [PMID: 38811442 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulatory cell necrosis induced by iron overload and lipid peroxidation. It occurs when multiple redox-active enzymes are ectopically expressed or show abnormal function. Hence, the precise regulation of ferroptosis-related molecules is mediated across multiple levels, including transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational, and epigenetic levels. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a highly evolutionarily conserved epigenetic modification in mammals. The m6A modification is commonly linked to tumor proliferation, progression, and therapy resistance because it is involved in RNA metabolic processes. Intriguingly, accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulated ferroptosis caused by the m6A modification drives tumor development. In this review, we summarized the roles of m6A regulators in ferroptosis-mediated malignant tumor progression and outlined the m6A regulatory mechanism involved in ferroptosis pathways. We also analyzed the potential value and application strategies of targeting m6A/ferroptosis pathway in the clinical diagnosis and therapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Changning Xue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Mengna Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jianxia Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Lemei Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Shipeng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yumei Duan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Hongyu Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Faqing Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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13
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Trnkova L, Buocikova V, Mego M, Cumova A, Burikova M, Bohac M, Miklikova S, Cihova M, Smolkova B. Epigenetic deregulation in breast cancer microenvironment: Implications for tumor progression and therapeutic strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116559. [PMID: 38603889 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer comprises a substantial proportion of cancer diagnoses in women and is a primary cause of cancer-related mortality. While hormone-responsive cases generally have a favorable prognosis, the aggressive nature of triple-negative breast cancer presents challenges, with intrinsic resistance to established treatments being a persistent issue. The complexity intensifies with the emergence of acquired resistance, further complicating the management of breast cancer. Epigenetic changes, encompassing DNA methylation, histone and RNA modifications, and non-coding RNAs, are acknowledged as crucial contributors to the heterogeneity of breast cancer. The unique epigenetic landscape harbored by each cellular component within the tumor microenvironment (TME) adds great diversity to the intricate regulations which influence therapeutic responses. The TME, a sophisticated ecosystem of cellular and non-cellular elements interacting with tumor cells, establishes an immunosuppressive microenvironment and fuels processes such as tumor growth, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. These factors contribute to challenging conditions in cancer treatment by fostering a hypoxic environment, inducing metabolic stress, and creating physical barriers to drug delivery. This article delves into the complex connections between breast cancer treatment response, underlying epigenetic changes, and vital interactions within the TME. To restore sensitivity to treatment, it emphasizes the need for combination therapies considering epigenetic changes specific to individual members of the TME. Recognizing the pivotal role of epigenetics in drug resistance and comprehending the specificities of breast TME is essential for devising more effective therapeutic strategies. The development of reliable biomarkers for patient stratification will facilitate tailored and precise treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Trnkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovakia
| | - Verona Buocikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovakia
| | - Michal Mego
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovakia; 2nd Department of Oncology, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine & National Cancer Institute, Bratislava 83310, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Cumova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovakia
| | - Monika Burikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovakia
| | - Martin Bohac
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine & National Cancer Institute, Bratislava 83310, Slovakia; Regenmed Ltd., Medena 29, Bratislava 811 01, Slovakia; Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, Bratislava 811 08, Slovakia
| | - Svetlana Miklikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovakia
| | - Marina Cihova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovakia
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovakia.
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14
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Wang Y, Hu J, Wu S, Fleishman JS, Li Y, Xu Y, Zou W, Wang J, Feng Y, Chen J, Wang H. Targeting epigenetic and posttranslational modifications regulating ferroptosis for the treatment of diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:449. [PMID: 38072908 PMCID: PMC10711040 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a unique modality of cell death with mechanistic and morphological differences from other cell death modes, plays a pivotal role in regulating tumorigenesis and offers a new opportunity for modulating anticancer drug resistance. Aberrant epigenetic modifications and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) promote anticancer drug resistance, cancer progression, and metastasis. Accumulating studies indicate that epigenetic modifications can transcriptionally and translationally determine cancer cell vulnerability to ferroptosis and that ferroptosis functions as a driver in nervous system diseases (NSDs), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), liver diseases, lung diseases, and kidney diseases. In this review, we first summarize the core molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis. Then, the roles of epigenetic processes, including histone PTMs, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA regulation and PTMs, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, methylation, and ADP-ribosylation, are concisely discussed. The roles of epigenetic modifications and PTMs in ferroptosis regulation in the genesis of diseases, including cancers, NSD, CVDs, liver diseases, lung diseases, and kidney diseases, as well as the application of epigenetic and PTM modulators in the therapy of these diseases, are then discussed in detail. Elucidating the mechanisms of ferroptosis regulation mediated by epigenetic modifications and PTMs in cancer and other diseases will facilitate the development of promising combination therapeutic regimens containing epigenetic or PTM-targeting agents and ferroptosis inducers that can be used to overcome chemotherapeutic resistance in cancer and could be used to prevent other diseases. In addition, these mechanisms highlight potential therapeutic approaches to overcome chemoresistance in cancer or halt the genesis of other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, PR China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Yulin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yinshi Xu
- Department of Outpatient, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Wailong Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China.
| | - Yukuan Feng
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
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15
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Chen B, Hong Y, Zhai X, Deng Y, Hu H, Tian S, Zhang Y, Ren X, Zhao J, Jiang C. m6A and m5C modification of GPX4 facilitates anticancer immunity via STING activation. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:809. [PMID: 38065948 PMCID: PMC10709592 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06241-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is arguably the most rapidly advancing realm of cancer treatment. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) has emerged as the vital enzyme to prevent lipid peroxidation and maintain cellular redox homeostasis. However, the mechanism of GPX4 in the regulation of cancer immunotherapy of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) are incompletely understood. In pan-cancer analysis, we found that GPX4 showed remarkably upregulated expression and exhibited significant association with overall survival in multiple cancer types, especially COAD. Furthermore, upregulated GPX4 expression was positively correlated with increased immune cells infiltration and enhanced expression of immunomodulators. Mechanistically, RBM15B- and IGFBP2-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and NSUN5-mediated 5-methylcytosine (m5C) modification of GPX4 facilitated anticancer immunity via activation of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon (STING) signaling by maintaining redox homeostasis in COAD. The risk model and nomogram model constructed based on the GPX4-derived genes further confirmed the prognostic and treatment-guiding value of GPX4. In all, our study demonstrated that m6A and m5C modification of GPX4 may be a promising target for cancer immunotherapy via activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxiang Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Yuntian Hong
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiang Zhai
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanrong Deng
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Heng Hu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shunhua Tian
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yukang Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xianghai Ren
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Jianhong Zhao
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Congqing Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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16
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Malla R, Kundrapu DB, Bhamidipati P, Nagaraju GP, Muniraj N. Unleashing the Power of Yes-Associated Protein in Ferroptosis and Drug Resistance in Breast Cancer, with a Special Focus on Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5728. [PMID: 38136274 PMCID: PMC10741587 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The YAP protein is a critical oncogenic mediator within the Hippo signaling pathway and has been implicated in various cancer types. In breast cancer, it frequently becomes activated, thereby contributing to developing drug-resistance mechanisms. Recent studies have underscored the intricate interplay between YAP and ferroptosis within the breast tumor microenvironment. YAP exerts a negative regulatory effect on ferroptosis, promoting cancer cell survival and drug resistance. This review offers a concise summary of the current understanding surrounding the interplay between the YAP pathway, ferroptosis, and drug-resistance mechanisms in both bulk tumor cells and cancer stem cells. We also explore the potential of natural compounds alone or in combination with anticancer therapies for targeting the YAP pathway in treating drug-resistant breast cancer. This approach holds the promise of enhancing the effectiveness of current treatments and paving the way for developing novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- RamaRao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India; (D.B.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Durga Bhavani Kundrapu
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India; (D.B.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Priyamvada Bhamidipati
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India; (D.B.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - Nethaji Muniraj
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA;
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17
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Xu C, Chen Y, Yu Q, Song J, Jin Y, Gao X. Compounds targeting ferroptosis in breast cancer: progress and their therapeutic potential. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1243286. [PMID: 37920209 PMCID: PMC10619677 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1243286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of Breast cancer (BC), making it the most common cancer among women and a major threat to women's health. Consequently, there is an urgent need to discover new and effective strategies for treating BC. Ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid reactive oxygen species, has emerged as a distinct regulatory pathway separate from necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy. It is widely recognized as a crucial factor in the development and progression of cancer, offering a promising avenue for BC treatment. While significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of ferroptosis in BC, drug development is still in its early stages. Numerous compounds, including phytochemicals derived from dietary sources and medicinal plants, as well as synthetic drugs (both clinically approved medications and laboratory reagents), have shown the ability to induce ferroptosis in BC cells, effectively inhibiting tumor growth. This comprehensive review aims to examine in detail the compounds that target ferroptosis in BC and elucidate their potential mechanisms of action. Additionally, the challenges associated with the clinical application of ferroptosis-inducing drugs are discussed, offering valuable insights for the development of novel treatment strategies for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchu Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yian Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinghong Yu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqing Song
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Jin
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiufei Gao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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18
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Liu N, Zhang J, Chen W, Ma W, Wu T. The RNA methyltransferase METTL16 enhances cholangiocarcinoma growth through PRDM15-mediated FGFR4 expression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:263. [PMID: 37817227 PMCID: PMC10566113 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02844-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) modification is implicated in the progression of human cancers including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). METTL16 is recently identified as a new RNA methyltransferase responsible for m6A modification, although the role of METTL16 in CCA has not yet been examined. The current study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of the RNA methyltransferase METTL16 in CCA. METHODS The expression of METTL16 in CCA was examined by analyzing publicly available datasets or by IHC staining on tumor samples. siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated loss of function studies were performed in vitro and in vivo to investigate the oncogenic role of METTL16 in CCA. MeRIP-Seq was carried out to identify the downstream target of METTL16. ChIP-qPCR, immunoprecipitation, and immunoblots were used to explore the regulation mechanisms for METTL16 expression in CCA. RESULTS We observed that the expression of METTL16 was noticeably increased in human CCA tissues. Depletion of METTL16 significantly inhibited CCA cell proliferation and decreased tumor progression. PRDM15 was identified as a key target of METTL16 in CCA cells. Mechanistically, our data showed that METTL16 regulated PRDM15 protein expression via YTHDF1-dependent translation. Accordingly, we observed that restoration of PRDM15 expression could rescue the deficiency of CCA cell proliferation/colony formation induced by METTL16 depletion. Our subsequent analyses revealed that METTL16-PRDM15 signaling regulated the expression of FGFR4 in CCA cells. Specifically, we observed that PRDM15 protein was associated with the FGFR4 promoter to regulate its expression. Furthermore, we showed that the histone acetyltransferase p300 cooperated with the transcription factor YY1 to regulate METTL16 gene expression via histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) acetylation in CCA cells. CONCLUSIONS This study describes a novel METTL16-PRDM15-FGFR4 signaling axis which is crucial for CCA growth and may have important therapeutic implications. We showed that depletion of METTL16 significantly inhibited CCA cell proliferation and decreased tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianli Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-79, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-79, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Weina Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-79, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Wenbo Ma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-79, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-79, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Chen X, Zhang L, He Y, Huang S, Chen S, Zhao W, Yu D. Regulation of m 6A modification on ferroptosis and its potential significance in radiosensitization. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:343. [PMID: 37714846 PMCID: PMC10504338 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is often used to treat various types of cancers, but radioresistance greatly limits the clinical efficiency. Recent studies have shown that radiotherapy can lead to ferroptotic cancer cell deaths. Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death caused by excessive lipid peroxidation. The induction of ferroptosis provides a potential therapeutic strategy for radioresistance. As the most common post-transcriptional modification of mRNA, m6A methylation is widely involved in the regulation of various physiopathological processes by regulating RNA function. Dynamic m6A modification controlled by m6A regulatory factors also affects the susceptibility of cells to ferroptosis, thereby determining the radiosensitivity of tumor cells to radiotherapy. In this review, we summarize the mechanism and significance of radiotherapy induced ferroptosis, analyze the regulatory characteristics of m6A modification on ferroptosis, and discuss the possibility of radiosensitization by enhancing m6A-mediated ferroptosis. Clarifying the regulation of m6A modification on ferroptosis and its significance in the response of tumor cells to radiotherapy will help us identify novel targets to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy and reduce or overcome radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Lejia Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangwu Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China.
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Breger K, Kunkler CN, O'Leary NJ, Hulewicz JP, Brown JA. Ghost authors revealed: The structure and function of human N 6 -methyladenosine RNA methyltransferases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 15:e1810. [PMID: 37674370 PMCID: PMC10915109 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the discovery of modified nucleic acids nearly 75 years ago, their biological functions are still being elucidated. N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) is the most abundant modification in eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) and has also been detected in non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNA, ribosomal RNA, and small nuclear RNA. In general, m6 A marks can alter RNA secondary structure and initiate unique RNA-protein interactions that can alter splicing, mRNA turnover, and translation, just to name a few. Although m6 A marks in human RNAs have been known to exist since 1974, the structures and functions of methyltransferases responsible for writing m6 A marks have been established only recently. Thus far, there are four confirmed human methyltransferases that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the N6 position of adenosine, producing m6 A: methyltransferase-like protein (METTL) 3/METTL14 complex, METTL16, METTL5, and zinc-finger CCHC-domain-containing protein 4. Though the methyltransferases have unique RNA targets, all human m6 A RNA methyltransferases contain a Rossmann fold with a conserved SAM-binding pocket, suggesting that they utilize a similar catalytic mechanism for methyl transfer. For each of the human m6 A RNA methyltransferases, we present the biological functions and links to human disease, RNA targets, catalytic and kinetic mechanisms, and macromolecular structures. We also discuss m6 A marks in human viruses and parasites, assigning m6 A marks in the transcriptome to specific methyltransferases, small molecules targeting m6 A methyltransferases, and the enzymes responsible for hypermodified m6 A marks and their biological functions in humans. Understanding m6 A methyltransferases is a critical steppingstone toward establishing the m6 A epitranscriptome and more broadly the RNome. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Recognition RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurtis Breger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Charlotte N Kunkler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Nathan J O'Leary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Jacob P Hulewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Jessica A Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
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21
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Talic ES, Wooten A, Zeczycki TN, Mansfield KD. RNA Methyltransferase METTL16's Protein Domains Have Differential Functional Effects on Cell Processes. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5460-5480. [PMID: 37504262 PMCID: PMC10378215 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
METTL16, a human m6A RNA methyltransferase, is currently known for its modification of U6 and MAT2A RNAs. Several studies have identified additional RNAs to which METTL16 binds, however whether METTL16 modifies these RNAs is still in question. Moreover, a recent study determined that METTL16 contains more than one RNA-binding domain, leaving the importance of each individual RNA-binding domain unknown. Here we examined the effects of mutating the METTL16 protein in certain domains on overall cell processes. We chose to mutate the N-terminal RNA-binding domain, the methyltransferase domain, and the C-terminal RNA-binding domain. With these mutants, we identified changes in RNA-binding ability, protein and RNA expression, cell cycle phase occupancy, and proliferation. From the resulting changes in RNA and protein expression, we saw effects on cell cycle, metabolism, intracellular transport, and RNA processing pathways, which varied between the METTL16 mutant lines. We also saw significant effects on the G1 and S phase occupancy times and proliferative ability with some but not all the mutants. We have therefore concluded that while METTL16 may or may not m6A-modify all RNAs it binds, its binding (or lack of) has a significant outcome on a variety of cell processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Talic
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Ashley Wooten
- Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Tonya N Zeczycki
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Kyle D Mansfield
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
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22
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Xie F, Zheng Y, Fu W, Chi B, Wang X, Zhang J, Gu J, Yin J, Zhou Q, Guo S, Cai L, Yang J, Liu S, Wang H. The m6A methyltransferase METTL16 inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cancer cells via the p21 signaling pathway. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1138238. [PMID: 37182151 PMCID: PMC10166879 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1138238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have reported that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays a critical role in the epigenetic regulation of organisms and especially in the pathogenesis of malignant diseases. However, m6A research has mainly focused on methyltransferase activity mediated by METTL3, and few studies have focused on METTL16. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of METTL16, which mediates m6A modification, and its role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell proliferation. Methods Clinicopathologic and survival data were retrospectively collected from 175 PDAC patients from multiple clinical centers to detect the expression of METTL16. CCK-8, cell cycle, EdU and xenograft mouse model experiments were used to evaluate the proliferation effect of METTL16. Potential downstream pathways and mechanisms were explored via RNA sequencing, m6A sequencing, and bioinformatic analyses. Regulatory mechanisms were studied through methyltransferase inhibition, RIP, MeRIP‒qPCR assays. Results We found that METTL16 expression was markedly downregulated in PDAC, and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that METTL16 was a protective factor for PDAC patients. We also demonstrated that METTL16 overexpression inhibited PDAC cell proliferation. Furthermore, we identified a METTL16-p21 signaling axis, with downregulation of METTL16 resulting in inhibition of CDKN1A (p21). Additionally, METTL16 silencing and overexpression experiments highlighted m6A modification alterations in PDAC. Conclusions METTL16 plays a tumor-suppressive role and suppresses PDAC cell proliferation through the p21 pathway by mediating m6A modification. METTL16 may be a novel marker of PDAC carcinogenesis and target for the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuming Xie
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Chongqing School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Fu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Chongqing School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Bojing Chi
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
| | - Xianxing Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Jianyou Gu
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyang Yin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Chongqing School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shixiang Guo
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Cai
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Songsong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hainan Hospital of People’s Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Huaizhi Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Chongqing School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Engineering for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Lee J, Roh JL. Targeting GPX4 in human cancer: Implications of ferroptosis induction for tackling cancer resilience. Cancer Lett 2023; 559:216119. [PMID: 36893895 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metabolic alterations have been emphasized to protect cancer cells from cell death. The metabolic reprogramming toward a mesenchymal state makes cancer cells resistant to therapy but vulnerable to ferroptosis induction. Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death based on the iron-dependent accumulation of excessive lipid peroxidation. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is the core regulator of ferroptosis by detoxifying cellular lipid peroxidation using glutathione as a cofactor. GPX4 synthesis requires selenium incorporation into the selenoprotein through isopentenylation and selenocysteine tRNA maturation. GPX4 synthesis and expression can be regulated by multiple levels of its transcription, translation, posttranslational modifications, and epigenetic modifications. Targeting GPX4 in cancer may be a promising strategy for effectively inducing ferroptosis and killing therapy-resistant cancer. Several pharmacological therapeutics targeting GPX4 have been developed constantly to activate ferroptosis induction in cancer. The potential therapeutic index of GPX4 inhibitors remains to be tested with thorough examinations of their safety and adverse effects in vivo and clinical trials. Many papers have been published continuously in recent years, requiring state-of-the-art updates in targeting GPX4 in cancer. Herein, we summarize targeting the GPX4 pathway in human cancer, which leads to implications of ferroptosis induction for tackling cancer resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewang Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, General Graduate School, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, General Graduate School, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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Liu Y, Wan Y, Yi J, Zhang L, Cheng W. GPX4: The hub of lipid oxidation, ferroptosis, disease and treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188890. [PMID: 37001616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) moonlights as structural protein and antioxidase that powerfully inhibits lipid oxidation. In the past years, it is considered as a key regulator of ferroptosis, which takes role in the lipid and amine acid metabolism and influences the cell aging, oncogenesis, and cell death. More and more evidences show that targeting GPX4-induced ferroptosis is a promising strategy for disease therapy, especially cancer treatment. In view of these, we generalize the function of GPX4 and regulatory mechanism between GPX4 and ferroptosis, discuss its roles in the disease pathology, and focus on the recent advances of disease therapeutic potential.
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Roles of RNA Methylations in Cancer Progression, Autophagy, and Anticancer Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044225. [PMID: 36835633 PMCID: PMC9959100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA methylations play critical roles in RNA processes, including RNA splicing, nuclear export, nonsense-mediated RNA decay, and translation. Regulators of RNA methylations have been shown to be differentially expressed between tumor tissues/cancer cells and adjacent tissues/normal cells. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal modification of RNAs in eukaryotes. m6A regulators include m6A writers, m6A demethylases, and m6A binding proteins. Since m6A regulators play important roles in regulating the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, targeting m6A regulators can be a strategy for developing anticancer drugs. Anticancer drugs targeting m6A regulators are in clinical trials. m6A regulator-targeting drugs could enhance the anticancer effects of current chemotherapy drugs. This review summarizes the roles of m6A regulators in cancer initiation and progression, autophagy, and anticancer drug resistance. The review also discusses the relationship between autophagy and anticancer drug resistance, the effect of high levels of m6A on autophagy and the potential values of m6A regulators as diagnostic markers and anticancer therapeutic targets.
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