1
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Wang M, Mao H, Chen J, Qi L, Wang J. Ameliorative effect of bayberry leaves proanthocyanidins on high sugar diet induced Drosophila melanogaster. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1008580. [PMID: 36188544 PMCID: PMC9521571 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1008580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bayberry leaves proanthocyanidins (BLPs) were distributed in natural plant food, considered to have the potential for metabolic syndrome. In this study, we raised Drosophila melanogaster on high sugar diet (HSD) from the egg stage to induce hyperglycemia, and the ameliorative effect of BLPs was assessed based on this model. Phenotypical, biochemical, and molecular analyses related to diabetes mellitus pathogenesis were measured. Flies exposed to BLPs were found to suppress the HSD-induced high glucose and high triglycerides levels. Moreover, BLPs showed an inhibitory effect on carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) activity and mRNA expression, exhibiting the potential for carbohydrate digestion retardation. Transcriptional levels of key genes associated with glycolipid metabolism were further evaluated, including dilp, InR, and downstream dAKT-dFOXO-PEPCK, together with E78, SREBP, FAS, and LSD genes, were all downregulated after BLPs-exposure, suggesting the ameliorative effect of BLPs on dysbiosis associated with the insulin signaling pathway. This study provided a new functional compound, which is beneficial to further antidiabetic therapy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Wang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China
| | - Haiguang Mao
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianchu Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Qi
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Qi, ; Jinbo Wang,
| | - Jinbo Wang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Qi, ; Jinbo Wang,
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2
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Kanno K, Kayashima Y, Tamura K, Miyara T, Baba K, Koganei M, Natsume M, Imai S. Fatty acid tryptamide from cacao elongates Drosophila melanogaster lifespan with sirtuin-dependent heat shock protein expression. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12080. [PMID: 35840713 PMCID: PMC9287426 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Life span is increasing in developed countries as Japan, and an aging society is becoming a problem. In fact, healthy lifespan is not extended, and it is desired to extend it by functional food. Cacao (Theobroma cacao) contains various active components and is considered a preventative agent against metabolic disease. In addition, it has long been thought that regular cacao intake extends a healthy lifespan. However, there is no direct evidence for this belief. The purpose of this study is to identify the cacao component that elongate the lifespan of D. melanogaster as a model organism and to elucidate its functional mechanism. The activation of sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases, has been reported to extend the lifespans of various organisms. Heat shock factor 1 is known to be deacetylated by reaction with sirtuins, thereby inducing gene expression of various heat shock proteins by heat stress and effectively extending the lifespan of organisms. Therefore, we evaluated whether components in cacao activate sirtuins and extend the lifespan of D. melanogaster. In the process, we discovered the fatty acid tryptamide as a lifespan-elongating component of cacao. Therefore, we investigated whether the fatty acid tryptamide from cacao upregulates the genes of heat shock proteins. As a result, it was confirmed that the gene expression of multiple heat shock proteins was significantly increased. This suggests that fatty acid tryptamide may activate sirtuins, increase gene expression of heat shock proteins, and elongate the lifespan of D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiko Kanno
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Yasunari Kayashima
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yamanashi Gakuin Junior College, 2-4-5 Sakaori, Kofu-shi, Yamanashi, 400-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuji Tamura
- Meiji.Co., Ltd., 1-29-1, Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0919, Japan
| | - Takako Miyara
- Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., 788, Kayama, Odawara, Kanagawa, 250-0852, Japan
| | - Kento Baba
- Meiji.Co., Ltd., 1-29-1, Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0919, Japan
| | - Megumi Koganei
- Meiji.Co., Ltd., 1-29-1, Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0919, Japan
| | - Midori Natsume
- Meiji.Co., Ltd., 1-29-1, Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0919, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Imai
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan.
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3
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Sergi CM. Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) for Parkinson's Disease. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:1029-1041. [PMID: 35748799 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the last couple of decades, we have experienced increased use of nutraceuticals worldwide with a demand for organic foods, which has been elevated to an extent probably unmatched with other periods of our civilization. One of the nutraceuticals that gained attention is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol in green tea. It has been suggested that diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) can benefit from consuming some antioxidants, despite current results showing little evidence for their use in preventing and treating these diseases. ECGC may be beneficial in delaying the neurodegeneration of the substantia nigra (SN) regardless of the origin of Parkinson's disease (PD). This review covers the effect of EGCG on vitro and animal models of PD, the potential mechanisms of neuroprotection involved and summaries recent clinical trials in human PD. This review also aims to provide an investigative analysis of the current knowledge in this field and identify putative crucial issues. Environmental factors such as dietary habits, drug use, and social interaction are all factors that influence the evolution of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the use of nutraceuticals requires further investigation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consolato M Sergi
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Anatomic Pathology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Orthopedics, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
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4
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Genetic variation of macronutrient tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1637. [PMID: 35347148 PMCID: PMC8960806 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids are essential nutrients to all animals; however, closely related species, populations, and individuals can display dramatic variation in diet. Here we explore the variation in macronutrient tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster using the Drosophila genetic reference panel, a collection of ~200 strains derived from a single natural population. Our study demonstrates that D. melanogaster, often considered a "dietary generalist", displays marked genetic variation in survival on different diets, notably on high-sugar diet. Our genetic analysis and functional validation identify several regulators of macronutrient tolerance, including CG10960/GLUT8, Pkn and Eip75B. We also demonstrate a role for the JNK pathway in sugar tolerance and de novo lipogenesis. Finally, we report a role for tailless, a conserved orphan nuclear hormone receptor, in regulating sugar metabolism via insulin-like peptide secretion and sugar-responsive CCHamide-2 expression. Our study provides support for the use of nutrigenomics in the development of personalized nutrition.
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5
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Phenotyping of Drosophila melanogaster—A Nutritional Perspective. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020221. [PMID: 35204721 PMCID: PMC8961528 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The model organism Drosophila melanogaster was increasingly applied in nutrition research in recent years. A range of methods are available for the phenotyping of D. melanogaster, which are outlined in the first part of this review. The methods include determinations of body weight, body composition, food intake, lifespan, locomotor activity, reproductive capacity and stress tolerance. In the second part, the practical application of the phenotyping of flies is demonstrated via a discussion of obese phenotypes in response to high-sugar diet (HSD) and high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. HSD feeding and HFD feeding are dietary interventions that lead to an increase in fat storage and affect carbohydrate-insulin homeostasis, lifespan, locomotor activity, reproductive capacity and stress tolerance. Furthermore, studies regarding the impacts of HSD and HFD on the transcriptome and metabolome of D. melanogaster are important for relating phenotypic changes to underlying molecular mechanisms. Overall, D. melanogaster was demonstrated to be a valuable model organism with which to examine the pathogeneses and underlying molecular mechanisms of common chronic metabolic diseases in a nutritional context.
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Yi Y, Xu W, Fan Y, Wang HX. Drosophila as an emerging model organism for studies of food-derived antioxidants. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110307. [PMID: 33992327 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with antioxidants provides health benefits by preventing diseases caused by oxidative stress and damage. Consequently, there has been growing interest in the study of antioxidative foods and their active ingredients. Oxidative stress and antioxidative responses are mechanistically conserved from Drosophila to mammals. Therefore, as a well-established model organism with a short life cycle and advantages of genetic manipulation, the fruit fly has been increasingly employed to assess functions of antioxidants in vivo. In this review, the antioxidative defense mechanisms, methods used and assays developed in Drosophila to evaluate antioxidant supplementation, are highlighted. The main manifestations of antioxidation include reduction of reactive species, up-regulation of endogenous antioxidants, inhibition on oxidative damage to biomacromolecules, enhanced resistance against oxidative stress and extension of lifespan, which are related to the activations of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-antioxidant response element pathway and other adaptive responses. Moreover, the key considerations and future perspectives for the application of Drosophila models in the studies of food-derived antioxidants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yi
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Yun Fan
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Hong-Xun Wang
- College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
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7
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Chen PB, Kim JH, Young L, Clark JM, Park Y. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) alters body fat and lean mass through sex-dependent metabolic mechanisms in Drosophila melanogaster. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 70:959-969. [PMID: 31010351 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1602113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the potential role of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in changing body composition to lower body fat with increased lean mass. In this study, we examined the sex-dependent effect of EGCG on body composition, locomotion, feeding behaviour, sugar levels, and transcription levels of key regulators in lipid, carbohydrate, and energy metabolisms in Drosophila melanogaster. EGCG had no effects on body weights in both females and males, but decreased fat accumulation in females compared to the control, accompanied by a reduction in food intake. EGCG treatments increased lean mass and locomotor activity, and downregulated transcription levels of brummer (bmm), adipokinetic hormone (akh), and Drosophila insulin-like peptide 2 (dilp2), and upregulated spargel (srl) in males. In addition, EGCG decreased sugar levels in both females and males. In conclusion, EGCG promotes lean phenotype in D. melanogaster via sex-specific metabolic regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe B Chen
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , Amherst , USA
| | - Ju Hyeon Kim
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts , Amherst , USA
| | - Lynnea Young
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , Amherst , USA
| | - John M Clark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts , Amherst , USA
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts , Amherst , USA
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8
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Bayliak MM, Abrat OB, Storey JM, Storey KB, Lushchak VI. Interplay between diet-induced obesity and oxidative stress: Comparison between Drosophila and mammals. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2018; 228:18-28. [PMID: 30385171 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity caused by excessive fat accumulation in adipocytes is a growing global problem and is a major contributing risk factor for many chronic metabolic diseases. There is increasing evidence that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in both obesity progression and obesity-related complications. In recent years, Drosophila models of diet-induced obesity and associated pathologies have been successfully developed through manipulation of carbohydrate or fat concentrations in the food. Obese flies accumulate triacylglycerols in the fat body, an organ homologous to mammalian adipose tissue and exhibit metabolic and physiological complications including hyperglycemia, redox imbalance and shortened longevity; these are all similar to those observed in obese humans. In this review, we summarize current data on the mechanisms of oxidative stress induction in obesity, with emphasis on metabolic switches and the involvement of redox-responsive signaling pathways such as NF-κB and Nfr2. The recent achievements with D. melanogaster model suggest a complicated relationship between obesity, oxidative stress, and longevity but the Drosophila model offers probably the best opportunities to delve further into unraveling these interactions, particularly the roles of antioxidants and of Nrf2-regulated responses, in order to increase our understanding of the obese metabolic phenotype and test and develop anti-obesity pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Bayliak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str, Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine.
| | - Olexandra B Abrat
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str, Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine.
| | - Janet M Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Volodymyr I Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str, Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine.
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9
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Gáliková M, Klepsatel P. Obesity and Aging in the Drosophila Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071896. [PMID: 29954158 PMCID: PMC6073435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Being overweight increases the risk of many metabolic disorders, but how it affects lifespan is not completely clear. Not all obese people become ill, and the exact mechanism that turns excessive fat storage into a health-threatening state remains unknown. Drosophila melanogaster has served as an excellent model for many diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and hyperglycemia-associated disorders, such as cardiomyopathy or nephropathy. Here, we review the connections between fat storage and aging in different types of fly obesity. Whereas obesity induced by high-fat or high-sugar diet is associated with hyperglycemia, cardiomyopathy, and in some cases, shortening of lifespan, there are also examples in which obesity correlates with longevity. Transgenic lines with downregulations of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IIS) and target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathways, flies reared under dietary restriction, and even certain longevity selection lines are obese, yet long-lived. The mechanisms that underlie the differential lifespans in distinct types of obesity remain to be elucidated, but fat turnover, inflammatory pathways, and dysregulations of glucose metabolism may play key roles. Altogether, Drosophila is an excellent model to study the physiology of adiposity in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gáliková
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 18B, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Peter Klepsatel
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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10
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Rothenberg DO, Zhou C, Zhang L. A Review on the Weight-Loss Effects of Oxidized Tea Polyphenols. Molecules 2018; 23:E1176. [PMID: 29758009 PMCID: PMC6099746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic systems in the body through which tea causes weight loss are complex and multi-dimensional. Additionally, the bioactive components in tea such as catechins, caffeine, and products of tea polyphenol oxidation vary greatly from one major tea type to the next. Green tea has been the primary subject of consideration for investigation into the preventative health effects of tea because it contains the highest levels of phenolic compounds and retains the highest antioxidant capabilities of any major tea type. However, recent research suggests decreasing body fat accumulation has little to do with antioxidant activity and more to do with enzyme inhibition, and gut microbiota interactions. This paper reviews several different tea polyphenol-induced weight-loss mechanisms, and purposes a way in which these mechanisms may be interrelated. Our original 'short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) hypothesis' suggests that the weight-loss efficacy of a given tea is determined by a combination of carbohydrate digestive enzyme inhibition and subsequent reactions of undigested carbohydrates with gut microbiota. These reactions among residual carbohydrates, tea polyphenols, and gut microbiota within the colon produce short-chain fatty acids, which enhance lipid metabolism through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Some evidence suggests the mechanisms involved in SCFA generation may be triggered more strongly by teas that have undergone fermentation (black, oolong, and dark) than by non-fermented (green) teas. We discussed the mechanistic differences among fermented and non-fermented teas in terms of enzyme inhibition, interactions with gut microbiota, SCFA generation, and lipid metabolism. The inconsistent results and possible causes behind them are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caibi Zhou
- Department of Tea Science, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, China.
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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11
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Kayashima Y, Katayanagi Y, Tanaka K, Fukutomi R, Hiramoto S, Imai S. Alkylresorcinols activate SIRT1 and delay ageing in Drosophila melanogaster. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43679. [PMID: 28252007 PMCID: PMC5333101 DOI: 10.1038/srep43679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are enzymes that catalyze NAD+ dependent protein deacetylation. The natural polyphenolic compound resveratrol received renewed interest when recent findings implicated resveratrol as a potent SIRT1 activator capable of mimicking the effects of calorie restriction. However, resveratrol directly interacts with fluorophore-containing peptide substrates. It was demonstrated that the SIRT1 activation of resveratrol is affected by the amino acid composition of the substrate. Resveratrol did increase the enzyme activity in cases in which hydrophobic amino acids are at the +1 position to the acetylated lysine in the substrate. Alkylresorcinols (ARs) are compounds that belong to the family of phenolic lipids, and they are found in numerous biological species. Here we show that the natural activators ARs increased the Vmax of recombinant SIRT1 for NAD+ and peptide substrate, and that ARs decreased acetylated histone in human monocyte cells by stimulating SIRT1-dependent deacetylation of substrates. ARs also extended the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster, which was shown to be dependent on functional Sir2. Our results demonstrated that ARs are natural catalytic activators for sirtuin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunari Kayashima
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yamanashi Gakuin Junior College, 2-4-5 Sakaori, Kofu-shi, Yamanashi 400-8575, Japan
| | - Yuki Katayanagi
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1, Fujimino, Saitama 356-8511, Japan
| | - Keiko Tanaka
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1, Fujimino, Saitama 356-8511, Japan
| | - Ryuta Fukutomi
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1, Fujimino, Saitama 356-8511, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hiramoto
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1, Fujimino, Saitama 356-8511, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Imai
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
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