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Hwang S, Park S, Kim J, Oh AR, Lee HJ, Cha JY. Role of Carbohydrate response element-binding protein in mediating dexamethasone-induced glucose transporter 5 expression in Caco-2BBE cells and during the developmental phase in mice. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:15-24. [PMID: 38192641 PMCID: PMC10773644 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2023.2301009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucose transporter 5 (GLUT5), the main fructose transporter in mammals, is primarily responsible for absorbing dietary fructose in the small intestine. The expression of this intestinal gene significantly increases in response to developmental and dietary cues that reach the glucocorticoid receptor and carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP), respectively. Our study demonstrates that ChREBP is involved in the dexamethasone (Dex)-induced expression of GLUT5 in Caco-2BBE cells and the small intestine of both wild-type and ChREBP-knockout mice. Dex, a glucocorticoid, demonstrated an increase in GLUT5 mRNA levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner. While the overexpression of ChREBP moderately increased GLUT5 expression, its synergistic increase in the presence of Dex was noteworthy, whereas the suppression of ChREBP significantly reduced Dex-induced GLUT5 expression. Dex did not increase ChREBP protein levels but facilitated its nuclear translocation, thereby increasing the activity of the GLUT5 promoter. In vivo experiments conducted on 14-day-old mice pups treated with Dex for three days revealed that only wild-type mice (not ChREBP-knockout mice) exhibited Dex-mediated Glut5 gene induction, which further supports the role of ChREBP in regulating GLUT5 expression. Collectively, our results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of GLUT5 expression in response to developmental and dietary signals mediated by glucocorticoids and ChREBP. General significance: The transcription factor ChREBP is important for Dex-mediated Glut5 gene expression in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonjae Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangbin Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewan Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Oh
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jae Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Cha
- Department of Biochemistry, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Mochizuki K, Ishiyama S, Hariya N, Goda T. Regulation of Carbohydrate-Responsive Metabolic Genes by Histone Acetylation and the Acetylated Histone Reader BRD4 in the Gene Body Region. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:682696. [PMID: 34336926 PMCID: PMC8321877 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.682696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies indicate that induction of metabolic gene expression by nutrient intake, and in response to subsequently secreted hormones, is regulated by transcription factors binding to cis-elements and associated changes of epigenetic memories (histone modifications and DNA methylation) located in promoter and enhancer regions. Carbohydrate intake-mediated induction of metabolic gene expression is regulated by histone acetylation and the histone acetylation reader bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) on the gene body region, which corresponds to the transcribed region of the gene. In this review, we introduce carbohydrate-responsive metabolic gene regulation by (i) transcription factors and epigenetic memory in promoter/enhancer regions (promoter/enhancer-based epigenetics), and (ii) histone acetylation and BRD4 in the gene body region (gene body-based epigenetics). Expression of carbohydrate-responsive metabolic genes related to nutrient digestion and absorption, fat synthesis, inflammation in the small intestine, liver and white adipose tissue, and in monocytic/macrophage-like cells are regulated by various transcription factors. The expression of these metabolic genes are also regulated by transcription elongation via histone acetylation and BRD4 in the gene body region. Additionally, the expression of genes related to fat synthesis, and the levels of acetylated histones and BRD4 in fat synthesis-related genes, are downregulated in white adipocytes under insulin resistant and/or diabetic conditions. In contrast, expression of carbohydrate-responsive metabolic genes and/or histone acetylation and BRD4 binding in the gene body region of these genes, are upregulated in the small intestine, liver, and peripheral leukocytes (innate leukocytes) under insulin resistant and/or diabetic conditions. In conclusion, histone acetylation and BRD4 binding in the gene body region as well as transcription factor binding in promoter/enhancer regions regulate the expression of carbohydrate-responsive metabolic genes in many metabolic organs. Insulin resistant and diabetic conditions induce the development of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, by reducing the expression of BRD4-targeted carbohydrate-responsive metabolic genes in white adipose tissue and by inducing the expression of BRD4-targeted carbohydrate-responsive metabolic genes in the liver, small intestine, and innate leukocytes including monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Mochizuki
- Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
- Department of Integrated Applied Life Science, Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Shiori Ishiyama
- Department of Integrated Applied Life Science, Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Natsuyo Hariya
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Yamanashi Gakuin University, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Toshinao Goda
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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Sakurai N, Inamochi Y, Inoue T, Hariya N, Kawamura M, Yamada M, Dey A, Nishiyama A, Kubota T, Ozato K, Goda T, Mochizuki K. BRD4 regulates adiponectin gene induction by recruiting the P-TEFb complex to the transcribed region of the gene. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11962. [PMID: 28931940 PMCID: PMC5607256 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that induction of the adipocyte-specific gene adiponectin (Adipoq) during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation is closely associated with epigenetic memory histone H3 acetylation on the transcribed region of the gene. We used 3T3-L1 adipocytes and Brd4 heterozygous mice to investigate whether the induction of Adipoq during adipocyte differentiation is regulated by histone acetylation and the binding protein bromodomain containing 4 (BRD4) on the transcribed region. Depletion of BRD4 by shRNA and inhibition by (+)-JQ1, an inhibitor of BET family proteins including BRD4, reduced Adipoq expression and lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Additionally, the depletion and inhibition of BRD4 reduced the expression of many insulin sensitivity-related genes, including genes related to lipid droplet accumulation in adipocytes. BRD4 depletion reduced P-TEFb recruitment and histone acetylation on the transcribed region of the Adipoq gene. The expression levels of Adipoq and fatty acid synthesis-related genes and the circulating ADIPOQ protein level were lower in Brd4 heterozygous mice than in wild-type mice at 21 days after birth. These findings indicate that BRD4 regulates the Adipoq gene by recruiting P-TEFb onto acetylated histones in the transcribed region of the gene and regulates adipocyte differentiation by regulating the expression of genes related to insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Sakurai
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuko Inamochi
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takuya Inoue
- Division of Engineering, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Natsuyo Hariya
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Yamanashi Gakuin University, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Musashi Kawamura
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masami Yamada
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Anup Dey
- Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Takeo Kubota
- Department of Child Studies, Faculty of Child Studies, Seitoku University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiko Ozato
- Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Toshinao Goda
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Mochizuki
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. .,Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
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