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Yang T, Lv X, Bai Y, Jiang H, Chang X, Wang J, Luo G. An all-in-one microfluidic cryopreservation system and protocols with gradually increasing CPA concentration. LAB ON A CHIP 2025. [PMID: 39816004 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00888j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2025]
Abstract
In regular biosample cryopreservation operations, dropwise pipetting and continuous swirling are ordinarily needed to prevent cell damage (e.g. sudden osmotic change, toxicity and dissolution heat) caused by the high-concentration cryoprotectant (CPA) addition process. The following CPA removal process after freezing and rewarming also requires multiple sample transfer processes and manual work. In order to optimize the cryopreservation process, especially for trace sample preservation, here we present a microfluidic approach integrating CPA addition, sample storage, CPA removal and sample resuspension processes on a 30 × 30 × 4 mm3 three-layer chip. The sample solution could be added into CPA solution with pre-generated increasing concentration to decrease possible osmotic damage. Utilizing specially designed microfluidic structure and fluid field analysis, on-chip sample enrichment and CPA removal were achieved. A novel dead-end micro valve strategy with a simplified control module was applied and evaluated to assist on-chip mixing and sample pellet resuspension. The entire biosample cryopreservation process was also performed that verified the functions of the integrated microfluidic platform. Altogether, this developed platform could be an effective approach to realize automatic, all-in-one, low-damage cryopreservation operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhang Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.
- Jinan Guoke Medical Technology Development Co., Ltd, Jinan, China
| | - Xinbei Lv
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuqiao Bai
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huabin Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoran Chang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.
| | - Jinxian Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Suzhou ZhongKe Medical Device Industry Development Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - Gangyin Luo
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- Suzhou ZhongKe Medical Device Industry Development Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China
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Li Y, Zhang C, Hu Z. Hydraulic retention time governed the micro/nanostructures of titanium-incorporated diatoms and their photocatalytic activity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123398. [PMID: 38272163 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Titanium-incorporated diatoms are promising biomaterials to photodegrade micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). Hydraulic retention time (HRT) is a key parameter for diatom cultivation and the incorporation of titanium into diatom frustules. This study assessed how HRT governs the micro/nanostructures, titania (TiO2) content and distribution, and the photocatalytic activity of titanium-incorporated diatom frustules. We cultivated a diatom strain Stephanodiscus hantzschii using a feed solution containing titanium(IV) in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) at a solids retention time (SRT) of 10 d and staged HRTs from 24 to 12 and to 6 h. The decrease in HRT reduced the porosity of diatom frustules but increased their silicon and titania contents. When the HRT decreased from 24 to 12 and to 6 h, the specific surface areas of the diatom decreased from 37.65 ± 3.19 to 31.53 ± 3.71 and to 18.43 ± 2.69 m2·g-1 frustules, while the titanium (Ti) contents increased from 53 ± 14 to 71 ± 9 and to 85 ± 13 mg Ti·g-1 frustules. The increase in the influent flow rates of the MBRs with decreasing HRTs likely enhanced nutrient diffusion inside the diatom valve pores, facilitating the uptake and incorporation of silicon and titanium. The titanium-incorporated frustules were effective in removing two representative PPCPs, bisphenol A (BPA) and N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), from water. As photocatalytic activity depends on the amount of titanium, decreasing the HRT substantially increased the photocatalytic activity of the titanium-incorporated frustules. In batch tests under ultraviolet light, frustules from the diatom cultivated at HRTs of 24, 12, and 6 h had the pseudo-first-order removal (mainly through photodegradation) rate constants of BPA of 0.376, 0.456, and 0.683 h-1, respectively. Under the same experimental condition, the pseudo-first-order removal rate constants of DEET by the frustules cultivated at HRTs of 24, 12, and 6 h increased from 0.270 to 0.330 and to 0.480 h-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315000, China; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, United States
| | - Chiqian Zhang
- Civil Engineering Program, College of Engineering & Computer Science, Arkansas State University, Arkansas, 72467, United States.
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, United States
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