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Basgalupp SP, Altmann V, Vairo FPE, Schwartz IVD, Siebert M. GBA1 variants in Brazilian Gaucher disease patients. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 37:101006. [PMID: 38053927 PMCID: PMC10694776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal disorder caused by pathogenic variants in GBA1 which result in the deficient activity of glucocerebrosidase (GCase). There are few data on the genetic characterization of Brazilian GD patients. This study aimed at characterizing the genotype of 72 unrelated Brazilian GD patients (type I = 63, type II = 4, type III = 5; male = 31). Forty patients were from South Brazil (SB), and 32 were from other regions of Brazil (Others). The exons and exon/intron junctions of GBA1 were analyzed by Sanger sequencing in 8 patients, or by massive parallel sequencing followed by Sanger of exons 9 and 10 in 64 patients. In total, 31 pathogenic variants were identified. The most frequent allele found was N370S (p.(Asn409Ser)) (41.0%), and the most frequent genotype was N370S/RecNciI p.[Asn409Ser];[Leu483Pro;Ala495Pro;Val499=](23.6%). Three variants (N370S - in exon 9, and RecNciI and L444P (p.(Leu483Pro), in exon 10) correspond to 76.3% of total alleles in SB and 59.4% in Others. Two novel variants were described: c.326del(p.(Gln109Argfs*9)) and c.690G>A (p.(?)). Although sequencing all the exons of GBA1 is the gold-standard method for the genetic analysis of GD patients, a step analysis can be proposed for Brazilian patients, starting with analysis of exons 9 and 10. The N370S allele is the most frequently associated with GD in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suelen Porto Basgalupp
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vivian Altmann
- Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Filippo Pinto e Vairo
- Department of Clinical Genomics and Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ida Vanessa Doederlein Schwartz
- Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marina Siebert
- Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Unit of Laboratorial Research, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Parlar SC, Grenn FP, Kim JJ, Baluwendraat C, Gan-Or Z. Classification of GBA1 Variants in Parkinson's Disease: The GBA1-PD Browser. Mov Disord 2023; 38:489-495. [PMID: 36598340 PMCID: PMC10033371 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GBA1 variants are among the most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). GBA1 variants can be classified into three categories based on their role in Gaucher's disease (GD) or PD: severe, mild, and risk variant (for PD). OBJECTIVE This review aims to generate and share a comprehensive database for GBA1 variants reported in PD to support future research and clinical trials. METHODS We performed a literature search for all GBA1 variants that have been reported in PD. The data have been standardized and complemented with variant classification, odds ratio if available, and other data. RESULTS We found 371 GBA1 variants reported in PD: 22 mild, 84 severe, 3 risk variants, and 262 of unknown status. We created a browser containing up-to-date information on these variants (https://pdgenetics.shinyapps.io/GBA1Browser/). CONCLUSIONS The classification and browser presented in this work should inform and support basic, translational, and clinical research on GBA1-PD. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitki Cem Parlar
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Francis P. Grenn
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jonggeol Jeffrey Kim
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Preventive Neurology Unit, Centre for Prevention Diagnosis and Detection, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Cornelis Baluwendraat
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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3
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Lim JL, Lohmann K, Tan AH, Tay YW, Ibrahim KA, Abdul Aziz Z, Mawardi AS, Puvanarajah SD, Lim TT, Looi I, Ooi JCE, Chia YK, Muthusamy KA, Bauer P, Rolfs A, Klein C, Ahmad-Annuar A, Lim SY. Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene variants in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort with Parkinson's disease: mutational spectrum and clinical features. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 129:37-48. [PMID: 34779914 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
GBA variants are associated with increased risk and earlier onset of Parkinson's disease (PD), and more rapid disease progression especially with "severe" variants typified by p.L483P. GBA mutation screening studies from South-East Asia, with > 650 million inhabitants of diverse ancestries, are very limited. We investigated the spectrum of GBA variants, and associated clinico-demographic features, in a multi-ethnic PD cohort in Malaysia. Patients (n = 496) were recruited from seven centres, primarily of Chinese (45%), Malay (37%), and Indian (13%) ethnicities. All GBA coding exons were screened using a next-generation sequencing-based PD gene panel and verified with Sanger sequencing. We identified 14 heterozygous GBA alleles consisting of altogether 17 missense variants (8 classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic for PD) in 25 (5.0%) patients, with a substantially higher yield among early (< 50 years) vs. late-onset patients across all three ethnicities (9.1-13.2% vs. 1.0-3.2%). The most common variant was p.L483P (including RecNciI, n = 11, 2.2%), detected in all three ethnicities. Three novel variants/recombinant alleles of uncertain significance were found; p.P71L, p.L411P, and p.L15S(;)S16G(;)I20V. The common European risk variants, p.E365K, p.T408M, and p.N409S, were not detected. A severe disease course was noted in the majority of GBA-variant carriers, across a range of detected variants. We report a potentially novel observation of spine posture abnormalities in GBA-variant carriers. This represents the largest study on GBA variation from South-East Asia, and highlights that these populations, especially those with EOPD, would be relevant for studies including clinical trials targeting GBA pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,The Mah Pooi Soo and Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's and Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ai Huey Tan
- The Mah Pooi Soo and Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's and Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yi Wen Tay
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,The Mah Pooi Soo and Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's and Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Azmi Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Zariah Abdul Aziz
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Thien Thien Lim
- Island Hospital, Penang, Malaysia.,Penang General Hospital, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Irene Looi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Joshua Chin Ern Ooi
- Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Yuen Kang Chia
- Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Kalai Arasu Muthusamy
- Division of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Peter Bauer
- Centogene AG, Am Strande 7, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Arndt Rolfs
- Centogene AG, Am Strande 7, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Azlina Ahmad-Annuar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Shen-Yang Lim
- The Mah Pooi Soo and Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's and Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Progressive myoclonus epilepsy in Gaucher Disease due to a new Gly-Gly mutation causing loss of an Exonic Splicing Enhancer. J Neurol 2018; 266:92-101. [PMID: 30382391 PMCID: PMC6342868 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-9084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Gaucher Disease (GD) exhibit three phenotypes, including type 1 (non-neuronopathic), type 2 (acute neuronopathic), and type 3 (subacute neuronopathic). AIM Identifying which GBA changes represent benign polymorphisms and which may result in disease-causing mutations is essential for diagnosis and genotype/phenotype correlations but is often challenging. RESULTS Here, we describe a patient with type 3 GD, presenting with drug-resistant epilepsy, who bears a set of GBA polymorphic variants including the novel c.363A > G (Gly82Gly) synonymous mutation. In silico predictions, mRNA and functional studies revealed that the new Gly82Gly mutation causes skipping of GBA exon 4, leading to a severe reduction of the wild type GBA mRNA. This is the first report of a synonymous change causing GD through loss of an exonic splicing enhancer sequence. The synonymous mutation is in trans with the Asn188Ser missense mutation, thus making the Asn188Ser responsible for the patient's phenotype and strengthening the association of Asn188Ser with the particular neurological phenotype of type 3 GD. CONCLUSION We strengthen the association of Asn188Ser with the type 3 GD phenotype and progressive myoclonus epilepsy. Our data confirm that in silico predictions and mRNA analysis are mandatory in discriminating pathological mutations from the background of harmless polymorphisms, especially synonymous changes.
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Hassan S, Lopez G, Stubblefield BK, Tayebi N, Sidransky E. Alleles with more than one mutation can complicate genotype/phenotype studies in Mendelian disorders: Lessons from Gaucher disease. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 125:1-3. [PMID: 29980418 PMCID: PMC6178817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal resessive Mendelian disorders usually result from two inherited disease-causing mutations. However, this is not always the case. Focusing on Gaucher disease, which results from mutations in GBA1, we found that more comprehensive genotyping revealed important exceptions. For example, patients with uniparental disomy or new mutations do not inherit a mutation from each parent. Furthermore, we identified patients found to carry more than one GBA1 mutation on the same allele. It is essential to examine the entire GBA1 gene in order to establish an accurate genotype. Missing the second mutation can complicate genotype/phenotype studies and result in improper genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzeb Hassan
- Medical Genetics Branch NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Grisel Lopez
- Medical Genetics Branch NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Nahid Tayebi
- Medical Genetics Branch NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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6
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Gámez-Valero A, Iranzo A, Serradell M, Vilas D, Santamaria J, Gaig C, Álvarez R, Ariza A, Tolosa E, Beyer K. Glucocerebrosidase gene variants are accumulated in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018; 50:94-98. [PMID: 29487000 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene variants are associated with the development of the Lewy body disorders (LBD) Parkinson disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (IRBD) represents prodromal LBD in most instances. We investigated whether GBA variants are overrepresented in IRBD and if their presence shortens the time to conversion to clinically-defined LBD. METHODS All GBA coding exons from 69 polysomnography-confirmed IRBD patients and 84 matched controls were sequenced by the Sanger method. RESULTS Seven missense variants (E326K, L444P, A446T, A318G, R329C, T369M, N370S) were identified in eight (11.6%) IRBD patients and in one (1.2%) control (P = 0.026). After a mean follow-up of 8.9 ± 3.8 years from IRBD diagnosis, five subjects with GBA variants developed LBD (3 DLB and 2 PD) and three remained disease-free. The risk of developing a LBD was similar in IRBD subjects with GBA variants than in those without variants (log rank test, p = 0.935). CONCLUSIONS In IRBD, GBA variants are 1) more frequent when compared to controls, 2) associated with impending PD and DLB but 3) not indicative of a short-term risk for LBD after IRBD diagnosis. IRBD patients carrying GBA variants could be studied with disease-modifying interventions aiming to restore the GBA metabolic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gámez-Valero
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari and Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Iranzo
- Department of Neurology and Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Serradell
- Department of Neurology and Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Vilas
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Santamaria
- Department of Neurology and Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Gaig
- Department of Neurology and Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramiro Álvarez
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurelio Ariza
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari and Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Tolosa
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBERNED, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katrin Beyer
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari and Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Barkhuizen M, Anderson DG, van der Westhuizen FH, Grobler AF. A molecular analysis of the GBA gene in Caucasian South Africans with Parkinson's disease. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2017; 5:147-156. [PMID: 28361101 PMCID: PMC5370228 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The molecular basis of Parkinson's disease in South African population groups remains elusive. To date, substitutions in the GBA gene are the most common large‐effect genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of GBA substitutions in South Africans with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Methods Participants were recruited from tertiary hospitals in the Gauteng Province in South Africa. All participants were screened for substitutions in GBA exon 8‐11 and the full coding region was analysed in 20 participants. Peripheral β‐glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity of GBA‐carriers was measured in mixed leukocytes. Results Of 105 Caucasian Parkinson's disease participants (82.7% Afrikaner) with an average age of disease onset of 61.9 ± 12.2 years and 40 controls (age 73.4 ± 12.4 years) were included. Heterozygous GBA substitutions were identified in 12.38% of affected participants (p.G35A, p.E326K, p.I368T, p.T369M, p.N370S, p.P387L and p.K441N) and 5.00% of controls (p.E326K and p.T369M). The substitutions ranged from predicted benign to moderately damaging; with p.E326K and p.T369M most prevalent, followed by the Afrikaner Gaucher disease substitution p.P387L. Severe Gaucher disease mutations, like p.L444P, were absent in this cohort. Enzyme activity analysis revealed a nonsignificant reduction in the GBA‐Parkinson's disease individuals (14.49 ± 2.30 nmol/h/mg protein vs. 15.98 ± 3.06 nmol/h/mg in control samples). GBA substitutions occur in both young‐onset and late‐onset Parkinson's cases in the cohort. Conclusion Mild GBA substitutions that may not cause Gaucher disease were a common risk factor for Parkinson's disease in the participant group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Barkhuizen
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development PlatformNorth-West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa; Department of PaediatricsSchool for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastricht6229The Netherlands
| | - David G Anderson
- Department of Neurology University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
| | | | - Anne F Grobler
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform North-West University Potchefstroom 2520 South Africa
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8
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Geiger JT, Ding J, Crain B, Pletnikova O, Letson C, Dawson TM, Rosenthal LS, Pantelyat A, Gibbs JR, Albert MS, Hernandez DG, Hillis AE, Stone DJ, Singleton AB, Hardy JA, Troncoso JC, Scholz SW. Next-generation sequencing reveals substantial genetic contribution to dementia with Lewy bodies. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 94:55-62. [PMID: 27312774 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia after Alzheimer's disease. Although an increasing number of genetic factors have been connected to this debilitating condition, the proportion of cases that can be attributed to distinct genetic defects is unknown. To provide a comprehensive analysis of the frequency and spectrum of pathogenic missense mutations and coding risk variants in nine genes previously implicated in DLB, we performed exome sequencing in 111 pathologically confirmed DLB patients. All patients were Caucasian individuals from North America. Allele frequencies of identified missense mutations were compared to 222 control exomes. Remarkably, ~25% of cases were found to carry a pathogenic mutation or risk variant in APP, GBA or PSEN1, highlighting that genetic defects play a central role in the pathogenesis of this common neurodegenerative disorder. In total, 13% of our cohort carried a pathogenic mutation in GBA, 10% of cases carried a risk variant or mutation in PSEN1, and 2% were found to carry an APP mutation. The APOE ε4 risk allele was significantly overrepresented in DLB patients (p-value <0.001). Our results conclusively show that mutations in GBA, PSEN1, and APP are common in DLB and consideration should be given to offer genetic testing to patients diagnosed with Lewy body dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Geiger
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinhui Ding
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Barbara Crain
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Letson
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Solomon H. Synder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Neuroregeneration Program, Institute of Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liana S Rosenthal
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Pantelyat
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Raphael Gibbs
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dena G Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Argye E Hillis
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David J Stone
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - John A Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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9
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Ankleshwaria C, Mistri M, Bavdekar A, Muranjan M, Dave U, Tamhankar P, Khanna V, Jasinge E, Nampoothiri S, Edayankara Kadangot S, Sheth F, Gupta S, Sheth J. Novel mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene of Indian patients with Gaucher disease. J Hum Genet 2014; 59:223-8. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2014.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Barrett MJ, Giraldo P, Capablo JL, Alfonso P, Irun P, Garcia-Rodriguez B, Pocovi M, Pastores GM. Greater risk of parkinsonism associated with non-N370S GBA1 mutations. J Inherit Metab Dis 2013; 36:575-80. [PMID: 22968580 PMCID: PMC4102607 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-012-9527-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in β-glucosidase (GBA1) are the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD). There is evidence to suggest that PD risk is greater (1) in GBA1 heterozygotes with non-N370S GBA1 mutations compared to N370S mutations and (2) in GD type 1 (GD1) patients compared to GBA1 heterozygotes. This study aimed to determine the comparative risk of parkinsonism in individuals who are affected or carriers of Gaucher disease (GD) and to ascertain the influence of different GBA1 mutations on risk/clinical expression. We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data assessing the prevalence of parkinsonism in a population of GD1 patients and their heterozygote and non-carrier family members. Two logistic regression models, both employing a family-specific random effect, were used to assess (1) the association between GBA1 mutation (N370S or non-N370S) and parkinsonism among GBA1 heterozygotes and (2) the association between GBA1 genotype and parkinsonism. Parkinsonism was present in 8.6 % of GD1 (7/81), 8.7 % of GBA1 heterozygotes (18/207), and 2.2 % of non-carriers (1/45). For those greater than 60 years old, parkinsonism was present in 38.5 % (5/13) of GD1 (5/13), 15.3 % of GBA1 heterozygotes (13/85), and 7.1 % of non-carriers (1/14). Among GBA1 heterozygotes, non-N370S mutations were associated with a significantly increased risk of parkinsonism compared to N370S (OR = 22.5; p = 0.035; 95%CI: 1.24, 411). In this population, each additional GBA1 mutation was associated with a non-significant two-fold increased risk of parkinsonism. GBA1 heterozygotes with non-N370S mutations associated with Gaucher disease have an increased risk of parkinsonism compared to those with N370S mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Barrett
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Medical Center, 10 Union Square East, Suite 5K, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - P. Giraldo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
- Translational Research Unit, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J. L. Capablo
- Neurology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P. Alfonso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
- Translational Research Unit, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P. Irun
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - B. Garcia-Rodriguez
- Translational Research Unit, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Pocovi
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G. M. Pastores
- Department of Neurology, Neurogenetics Unit, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
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11
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Duran R, Mencacci NE, Angeli AV, Shoai M, Deas E, Houlden H, Mehta A, Hughes D, Cox TM, Deegan P, Schapira AH, Lees AJ, Limousin P, Jarman PR, Bhatia KP, Wood NW, Hardy J, Foltynie T. The glucocerobrosidase E326K variant predisposes to Parkinson's disease, but does not cause Gaucher's disease. Mov Disord 2013; 28:232-236. [PMID: 23225227 PMCID: PMC4208290 DOI: 10.1002/mds.25248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the acid beta-glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) gene, responsible for the recessive lysosomal storage disorder, Gaucher's disease (GD), are the strongest known risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Our aim was to assess the contribution of GBA1 mutations in a series of early-onset PD. METHODS One hundred and eighty-five PD patients (with an onset age of ≤50) and 283 age-matched controls were screened for GBA1 mutations by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS We show that the frequency of GBA1 mutations is much higher in this patient series than in typical late-onset patient cohorts. Furthermore, our results reveal that the most prevalent PD-associated GBA1 mutation is E326K, a variant that does not, when homozygous, cause GD. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm recent reports that the mutation, E326K, predisposes to PD and suggest that, in addition to reduced GBA1 activity, other molecular mechanisms may contribute to the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Duran
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Niccolo E. Mencacci
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
,Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Aikaterini V. Angeli
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Maryam Shoai
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Emma Deas
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Atul Mehta
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Unit, Department of Haematology, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Derralynn Hughes
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Unit, Department of Haematology, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Timothy M. Cox
- Lysosomal Diseases Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrick Deegan
- Lysosomal Diseases Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anthony H. Schapira
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Andrew J. Lees
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Patricia Limousin
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Paul R. Jarman
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Kailash P. Bhatia
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Nicholas W. Wood
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
,Correspondence to: Prof. John Hardy, Reta Lila Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK;
| | - Tom Foltynie
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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12
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Siebert M, Donis KC, Socal M, Rieder CRM, Emmel VE, Vairo F, Michelin-Tirelli K, França M, D'Abreu AC, Bettencourt C, Lima M, Lopes Cendes I, Saraiva-Pereira ML, Jardim LB. Glucocerebrosidase gene variants in parkinsonian patients with Machado Joseph/spinocerebellar ataxia 3. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2011; 18:185-90. [PMID: 22001711 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Machado-Joseph disease/spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (MJD/SCA3) may rarely presents a parkinsonian phenotype. Considering that mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene have been associated with Parkinson disease, we investigated whether these would be more prevalent in MJD/SCA3 patients with parkinsonian manifestations than in those without them. METHODS MJD/SCA3 patients with parkinsonian features were identified and compared to relatives and to a MJD/SCA3 control group with no such features. The GBA gene was sequenced and, in a subset of patients and in normal volunteers, GBA enzyme activity was measured. RESULTS We have identified nine index MJD/SCA3 patients with parkinsonian manifestations. Overall, GBA sequence variations were found in 3/9 MJD/SCA3 index cases with parkinsonian manifestations (33%) and in 0/40 MJD/SCA3 controls without parkinsonism (p=0.03, Fisher exact test). The GBA sequence variations found were p.K(-27)R, p.E326K, and p.T369M. The latter two sequence variations were also found in two symptomatic relatives with no parkinsonian manifestations. A MJD/SCA3 relative belonging to the first positive pedigree and carrier of the p.K(-27)R mutation also presented parkinsonian manifestations. GBA activity in MJD/SCA3 patients was similar to those found in the normal control group. CONCLUSION Sequence variations at the GBA gene may play a role as a minor, modifying gene of MJD/SCA3 phenotype. This hypothetical role was not related to changes in GBA activity in peripheral leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Siebert
- Biotechnology Centre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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13
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Hughes DA, Pastores GM. The pathophysiology of GD - current understanding and rationale for existing and emerging therapeutic approaches. Wien Med Wochenschr 2011; 160:594-9. [PMID: 21221911 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-010-0864-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is a genetic disorder of sphingolipid metabolism resulting from dysfunction of the lysosomal membrane-associated glycoprotein glucocerebrosidase (GBA) and resulting in intracellular accumulation of glucosylceramide and other glycolipids. Although the gene defect and relevant biochemical pathways have been defined, the mechanisms by which substrate accumulation causes disease manifestations are not well understood. The direct effects of a build up of substrate laden cells may account for some aspects of disease but the overall pathology is likely to be more complex with effects of stored material on a variety of intra and extra cellular functions. In this article we review the GBA gene and its protein product, with associated defects, lipid metabolism and storage, enzyme misfolding and endoplasmic reticulum stress, calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress and autophagy and at each point examine how therapies that are currently available, in clinical development or at earlier stages of basic research might address the pathological mechanisms.
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14
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Identification of a novel mutation, I403T, in Cuban type 1 Gaucher disease. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2011; 46:327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Lesage S, Anheim M, Condroyer C, Pollak P, Durif F, Dupuits C, Viallet F, Lohmann E, Corvol JC, Honoré A, Rivaud S, Vidailhet M, Dürr A, Brice A. Large-scale screening of the Gaucher's disease-related glucocerebrosidase gene in Europeans with Parkinson's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 20:202-10. [PMID: 20947659 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in the glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) encoding the enzyme deficient in Gaucher's disease (GD) are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). To investigate the sequence variants, their association with PD and the related phenotypes in a large cohort of European, mostly French, patients and controls, we sequenced all exons of GBA in 786 PD patients from 525 unrelated multiplex families, 605 patients with apparently sporadic PD and 391 ethnically matched controls. GBA mutations were significantly more frequent (odds ratio=6.98, 95% confidence interval 2.54-19.21; P=0.00002) in the PD patients (76/1130=6.7%) than in controls (4/391=1.0%) and in patients with family histories of PD (8.4%) than in isolated cases (5.3%). Twenty-eight different mutations were identified in patient and control groups, including seven novel variants. N370S and L444P accounted for 70% of all mutant alleles in the patient group. PD patients with GBA mutations more frequently had bradykinesia as the presenting symptom and levodopa-induced dyskinesias. The phenotype was similar in patients with one, two or complex GBA mutations, although the two patients with c.1263del+RecTL and N370S/RecΔ55 mutations had signs of GD. Segregation analyses in 21 multiplex families showed that 17% of the affected relatives did not carry GBA mutations found in the given family, indicating heterogeneity of the aetiology, but 46% of the unaffected relatives were GBA mutation carriers. These genotype and clinical analyses on the largest homogeneous sample of European patients studied to date confirmed that GBA mutations are the most common genetic risk factor for PD, particularly in familial forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Lesage
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, UMR-S975, and Department of Genetics and Cytogenetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
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16
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Glucocerebrosidase gene mutations in black South Africans with Gaucher disease. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2009; 43:129-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2009.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Hruska KS, LaMarca ME, Scott CR, Sidransky E. Gaucher disease: mutation and polymorphism spectrum in the glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA). Hum Mutat 2008; 29:567-83. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.20676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 463] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Bras J, Paisan-Ruiz C, Guerreiro R, Ribeiro MH, Morgadinho A, Januario C, Sidransky E, Oliveira C, Singleton A. Complete screening for glucocerebrosidase mutations in Parkinson disease patients from Portugal. Neurobiol Aging 2007; 30:1515-7. [PMID: 18160183 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding beta-glucocerebrosidase, a lysosomal degrading enzyme, have recently been associated with the development of Parkinson disease. Here we report the results found in a cohort of Portuguese Parkinson disease patients and healthy age-matched controls for mutations in the aforementioned gene. This screening was accomplished by sequencing the complete open-reading frame, as well as intron/exon boundaries, of the glucocerebrosidase gene, in a total of 230 patients and 430 controls. We have found an increased number of Parkinson disease patients presenting mutations in GBA when compared to controls. These results, together with recent literature, clearly suggest a role of glucocerebrosidase in the development of Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Bras
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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