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Anderson DG. Modern archaeological research and the importance of information management. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403792121. [PMID: 38593085 PMCID: PMC11032483 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403792121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David G. Anderson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN37996-1525
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Krause A, Anderson DG, Ferreira-Correia A, Dawson J, Baine-Savanhu F, Li PP, Margolis RL. Huntington disease-like 2: insight into neurodegeneration from an African disease. Nat Rev Neurol 2024; 20:36-49. [PMID: 38114648 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-023-00906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD)-like 2 (HDL2) is a rare genetic disease caused by an expanded trinucleotide repeat in the JPH3 gene (encoding junctophilin 3) that shows remarkable clinical similarity to HD. To date, HDL2 has been reported only in patients with definite or probable African ancestry. A single haplotype background is shared by patients with HDL2 from different populations, supporting a common African origin for the expansion mutation. Nevertheless, outside South Africa, reports of patients with HDL2 in Africa are scarce, probably owing to limited clinical services across the continent. Systematic comparisons of HDL2 and HD have revealed closely overlapping motor, cognitive and psychiatric features and similar patterns of cerebral and striatal atrophy. The pathogenesis of HDL2 remains unclear but it is proposed to occur through several mechanisms, including loss of protein function and RNA and/or protein toxicity. This Review summarizes our current knowledge of this African-specific HD phenocopy and highlights key areas of overlap between HDL2 and HD. Given the aforementioned similarities in clinical phenotype and pathology, an improved understanding of HDL2 could provide novel insights into HD and other neurodegenerative and/or trinucleotide repeat expansion disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - David G Anderson
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- University of Glasgow, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Aline Ferreira-Correia
- Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jessica Dawson
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Fiona Baine-Savanhu
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Pan P Li
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Russell L Margolis
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Ledesma JA, Ottaway JC, Lambrechts MJ, Dees A, Thomas TL, Kurd MF, Radcliff KE, Anderson DG. Early Experience With Uniplanar Versus Biplanar Expandable Interbody Fusion Devices in Single-Level Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion. Neurospine 2023; 20:487-497. [PMID: 37401067 PMCID: PMC10323343 DOI: 10.14245/ns.2244870.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the early radiographic and clinical outcomes of expandable uniplanar versus biplanar interbody cages used for single-level minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF). METHODS A retrospective review of 1-level MIS-TLIFs performed with uniplanar and biplanar polyetheretherketone cages was performed. Radiographic measurements were performed on radiographs taken preoperatively, at 6-week follow-up, and 1-year follow-up. Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) for back and leg at 3-month and 1-year follow-up. RESULTS A total of 93 patients (41 uniplanar, 52 biplanar) were included. Both cage types provided significant postoperative improvements in anterior disc height, posterior disc height, and segmental lordosis at 1 year. No significant differences in cage subsidence rates were found between uniplanar (21.9%) and biplanar devices (32.7%) at 6 weeks (odds ratio, 2.015; 95% confidence interval, 0.651-6.235; p = 0.249) with no additional instances of subsidence at 1 year. No significant differences in the magnitude of improvements based on ODI, VAS back, or VAS leg at 3-month or 1-year follow-up between groups and the proportion of patients achieving the minimal clinically important difference in ODI, VAS back, or VAS leg at 1 year were not statistically significantly different (p > 0.05). Finally, there were no significant differences in complication rates (p = 0.283), 90-day readmission rates (p = 1.00), revision surgical procedures (p = 0.423), or fusion rates at 1 year (p = 0.457) between groups. CONCLUSION Biplanar and uniplanar expandable cages offer a safe and effective means of improving anterior disc height, posterior disc height, segmental lordosis, and patient-reported outcome measures at 1 year postoperatively. No significant differences in radiographic outcomes, subsidence rates, mean subsidence distance, 1-year patient-reported outcomes, and postoperative complications were noted between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Ledesma
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jesse C. Ottaway
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark J. Lambrechts
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Azra Dees
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Terence L. Thomas
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark F. Kurd
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kris E. Radcliff
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David G. Anderson
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Gandhi SE, Anderson DG, Newman EJ. A Clinical Approach to Focal Dystonias. ACNR 2022. [DOI: 10.47795/ufdf2068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder (HMD), characterised by sustained or intermittent involuntary muscle contractions resulting in abnormal postures and/or movements [1]. Although primary dystonia has an estimated prevalence of 16 per 100,000 [2], the diagnosis may be delayed, due to its clinical heterogeneity, the lack of objective biomarkers and the potential for pseudodystonic conditions to mimic it [1,3]. We provide an overview of the classification and common subtypes of focal dystonia, focusing on the clinical phenomenology and diagnosis.
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Bokov AE, Bulkin AA, Bratsev IS, Kalinina SY, Mlyavykh SG, Anderson DG. Augmentation of Pedicle Screws Using Bone Grafting in Patients with Spinal Osteoporosis. Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2021; 13:6-10. [PMID: 35265344 PMCID: PMC8858411 DOI: 10.17691/stm2021.13.5.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop a new method of vertebral augmentation based on autologous and allogeneic bone chips to be used in pedicle screw fixation and to compare this method with the technique based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Bokov
- Head of the Department of Oncology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - A A Bulkin
- Staff Neurosurgeon, Department of Oncology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - I S Bratsev
- Staff Neurosurgeon, Department of Oncology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - S Ya Kalinina
- Staff Neurosurgeon, Department of Oncology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - S G Mlyavykh
- Director of the Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - D G Anderson
- Professor, Departments of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery; Clinical Director of the Spine Section, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory Thomas Jefferson University, 130 S., 9 St., Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
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Ferreira-Correia A, Krause A, Anderson DG. The Neuropsychiatry of Huntington Disease-Like 2: A Comparison with Huntington's Disease. J Huntingtons Dis 2020; 9:325-334. [PMID: 33044188 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-200422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington Disease-Like 2 (HDL2) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by an abnormal CAG/CTG triplet repeat expansion on chromosome 16q24. The symptoms of progressive decline in motor, cognitive and psychiatric functioning are similar to those of Huntington's disease (HD). The psychiatric features of the HDL2 have been poorly characterized. OBJECTIVE To describe the neuropsychiatric features of HDL2 and compare them with those of HD. METHODS A blinded cross-sectional design was used to compare the behavioural component of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) in participants with HDL2 (n = 15) and HD (n = 13) with African ancestry. RESULTS HDL2 patients presented with psychiatric symptoms involving mood disturbances and behavioural changes that were not significantly different from those in the HD group. Duration of disease and motor performance correlated (p < 0.001) with the Functional Capacity score and the Independence score of the UHDRS. HD patients reported movement dysfunction as the first symptom more frequently than HDL2 Patients (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The psychiatric phenotype of HDL2 is similar to that of HD and linked to motor decline and disease duration. Psychiatric symptoms seem more severe for HDL2 patients in the early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ferreira-Correia
- Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - David G Anderson
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Neurology, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Røed KH, Kvie KS, Losey RJ, Kosintsev PA, Hufthammer AK, Dwyer MJ, Goncharov V, Klokov KB, Arzyutov DV, Plekhanov A, Anderson DG. Temporal and structural genetic variation in reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus) associated with the pastoral transition in Northwestern Siberia. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:9060-9072. [PMID: 32953046 PMCID: PMC7487228 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Just as the domestication of livestock is often cited as a key element in the Neolithic transition to settled, the emergence of large-scaled reindeer husbandry was a fundamental social transformation for the indigenous peoples of Arctic Eurasia. To better understand the history of reindeer domestication, and the genetic processes associated with the pastoral transition in the Eurasian Arctic, we analyzed archaeological and contemporary reindeer samples from Northwestern Siberia. The material represents Rangifer genealogies spanning from 15,000 years ago to the 18th century, as well as modern samples from the wild Taĭmyr population and from domestic herds managed by Nenetses. The wild and the domestic population are the largest populations of their kind in Northern Eurasia, and some Nenetses hold their domestic reindeer beside their wild cousins. Our analyses of 197 modern and 223 ancient mitochondrial DNA sequences revealed two genetic clusters, which are interpreted as representing the gene pools of contemporary domestic and past wild reindeer. Among a total of 137 different mitochondrial haplotypes identified in both the modern and archaeological samples, only 21 were detected in the modern domestic gene pool, while 11 of these were absent from the wild gene pool. The significant temporal genetic shift that we associate with the pastoral transition suggests that the emergence and spread of reindeer pastoralism in Northwestern Siberia originated with the translocation and subsequent selective breeding of a special type of animal from outside the region. The distinct and persistent domestic characteristics of the haplotype structure since the 18th century suggests little genetic exchange since then. The absence of the typical domestic clade in modern nearby wild populations suggests that the contemporary Nenets domestic breed feature an ancestry from outside its present main distribution, possibly from further South.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pavel A. Kosintsev
- Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Plant and Animal EcologyYekaterinburgRussia
| | - Anne K. Hufthammer
- Department of Natural HistoryThe University MuseumUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | | | - Vasiliy Goncharov
- Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture and Ecology of ArcticNorilskRussia
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Pick S, Anderson DG, Asadi-Pooya AA, Aybek S, Baslet G, Bloem BR, Bradley-Westguard A, Brown RJ, Carson AJ, Chalder T, Damianova M, David AS, Edwards MJ, Epstein SA, Espay AJ, Garcin B, Goldstein LH, Hallett M, Jankovic J, Joyce EM, Kanaan RA, Keynejad RC, Kozlowska K, LaFaver K, LaFrance WC, Lang AE, Lehn A, Lidstone S, Maurer CW, Mildon B, Morgante F, Myers L, Nicholson C, Nielsen G, Perez DL, Popkirov S, Reuber M, Rommelfanger KS, Schwingenshuh P, Serranova T, Shotbolt P, Stebbins GT, Stone J, Tijssen MA, Tinazzi M, Nicholson TR. Outcome measurement in functional neurological disorder: a systematic review and recommendations. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:638-649. [PMID: 32111637 PMCID: PMC7279198 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-322180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify existing outcome measures for functional neurological disorder (FND), to inform the development of recommendations and to guide future research on FND outcomes. METHODS A systematic review was conducted to identify existing FND-specific outcome measures and the most common measurement domains and measures in previous treatment studies. Searches of Embase, MEDLINE and PsycINFO were conducted between January 1965 and June 2019. The findings were discussed during two international meetings of the FND-Core Outcome Measures group. RESULTS Five FND-specific measures were identified-three clinician-rated and two patient-rated-but their measurement properties have not been rigorously evaluated. No single measure was identified for use across the range of FND symptoms in adults. Across randomised controlled trials (k=40) and observational treatment studies (k=40), outcome measures most often assessed core FND symptom change. Other domains measured commonly were additional physical and psychological symptoms, life impact (ie, quality of life, disability and general functioning) and health economics/cost-utility (eg, healthcare resource use and quality-adjusted life years). CONCLUSIONS There are few well-validated FND-specific outcome measures. Thus, at present, we recommend that existing outcome measures, known to be reliable, valid and responsive in FND or closely related populations, are used to capture key outcome domains. Increased consistency in outcome measurement will facilitate comparison of treatment effects across FND symptom types and treatment modalities. Future work needs to more rigorously validate outcome measures used in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah Pick
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David G Anderson
- Donald Gordon Medical Centre, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ali A Asadi-Pooya
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Islamic Republic of.,Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Selma Aybek
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern & University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gaston Baslet
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Richard J Brown
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alan J Carson
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Trudie Chalder
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Damianova
- Donald Gordon Medical Centre, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Anthony S David
- Institute of Mental Health, Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Edwards
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St George's University, London, UK
| | - Steven A Epstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Alberto J Espay
- Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Béatrice Garcin
- Department of Neurology, Hopital Avicenne, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Laura H Goldstein
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph Jankovic
- Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eileen M Joyce
- University College London Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Richard A Kanaan
- Department of Psychiatry, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roxanne C Keynejad
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kasia Kozlowska
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Child and Adolescent Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathrin LaFaver
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - W Curt LaFrance
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Movement Disorders Clinic and the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex Lehn
- Mater Neurosciences Centre, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah Lidstone
- Movement Disorders Clinic and the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carine W Maurer
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | | | - Francesca Morgante
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St George's University, London, UK
| | - Lorna Myers
- Northeast Regional Epilepsy Group, New York, New York, USA
| | - Clare Nicholson
- Therapy Services, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Glenn Nielsen
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St George's University, London, UK
| | - David L Perez
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Therapy Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stoyan Popkirov
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Markus Reuber
- Academic Neurology Unit, University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Karen S Rommelfanger
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory Centre for Ethics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Tereza Serranova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paul Shotbolt
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Glenn T Stebbins
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jon Stone
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marina Aj Tijssen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Michele Tinazzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Timothy R Nicholson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Khan T, Lundgren LE, Anderson DG, Nowak I, Dougherty M, Verikas A, Pavel M, Jimison H, Nowaczyk S, Aharonson V. Assessing Parkinson's disease severity using speech analysis in non-native speakers. COMPUT SPEECH LANG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.csl.2019.101047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ferreira-Correia A, Anderson DG, Cockcroft K, Krause A. A comparison between the neurocognitive profile of Huntington Disease-Like 2 and Huntington Disease: Exploring the presence of double dissociations. Appl Neuropsychol Adult 2020; 29:223-233. [PMID: 32149528 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2020.1734810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Huntington Disease Like-2 (HDL2) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by a mutation in the JPH3 gene. HDL2 is the Huntington Disease (HD) phenocopy that has the greatest clinical resemblance to HD. Both are characterized by movement, psychiatric and cognitive dysfunction, which progress to dementia. The present study compared the neuropsychological profile of HDL2 with that of HD. Using a Single Case-Control Methodology in Neuropsychology, three HDL2 and seven matched HD patients were assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery and compared to matched control samples, considering age, years of education, type of school (public/government) and language (all bi/multilingual). Potential double dissociations were explored by using Crawford, Garthwaite, and Wood's Inferential Methods for Comparing the Scores of Two Single-Cases in Case-Control Designs. Double dissociation between HDL2 and HD were identified in three tests, namely Letter Number Sequencing, Rey Auditory Learning Test Delayed and Recognition Trials. These dissociations possible are due to methodological limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ferreira-Correia
- Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - David G Anderson
- Department of Neurology, University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kate Cockcroft
- Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Polet SS, Anderson DG, Koens LH, van Egmond ME, Drost G, Brusse E, Willemsen MA, Sival DA, Brouwer OF, Kremer HP, de Vries JJ, Tijssen MA, de Koning TJ. A detailed description of the phenotypic spectrum of North Sea Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy in a large cohort of seventeen patients. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 72:44-48. [PMID: 32105965 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In 2011, a homozygous mutation in GOSR2 (c.430G > T; p. Gly144Trp) was reported as a novel cause of Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy (PME) with early-onset ataxia. Interestingly, the ancestors of patients originate from countries bound to the North Sea, hence the condition was termed North Sea PME (NSPME). Until now, only 20 patients have been reported in literature. Here, we provide a detailed description of clinical and neurophysiological data of seventeen patients. METHODS We collected clinical and neurophysiological data from the medical records of seventeen NSPME patients (5-46 years). In addition, we conducted an interview focused on factors influencing myoclonus severity. RESULTS The core clinical features of NSPME are early-onset ataxia, myoclonus and seizures, with additionally areflexia and scoliosis. Factors such as fever, illness, heat, emotions, stress, noise and light (flashes) all exacerbated myoclonic jerks. Epilepsy severity ranged from the absence of or incidental clinical seizures to frequent daily seizures and status epilepticus. Some patients made use of a wheelchair during their first decade, whereas others still walked independently during their third decade. Neurophysiological features suggesting neuromuscular involvement in NSPME were variable, with findings ranging from indicative of sensory neuronopathy and anterior horn cell involvement to an isolated absent H-reflex. CONCLUSION Although the sequence of symptoms is rather homogeneous, the severity of symptoms and rate of progression varied considerably among individual patients. Common triggers for myoclonus can be identified and myoclonus is difficult to treat; to what extent neuromuscular involvement contributes to the phenotype remains to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoukje S Polet
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - David G Anderson
- Department of Neurology, University of the Witwatersrand, University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Center, 18 Eton Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa; Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lisette H Koens
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martje E van Egmond
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gea Drost
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Brusse
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michèl Aap Willemsen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Deborah A Sival
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Oebele F Brouwer
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hubertus Ph Kremer
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J de Vries
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marina Aj Tijssen
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J de Koning
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands; Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.
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Ferreira-Correia A, Anderson DG, Cockcroft K, Krause A. The neuropsychological deficits and dissociations in Huntington Disease-Like 2: A series of case-control studies. Neuropsychologia 2020; 136:107238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Mahungu AC, Anderson DG, Rossouw AC, van Coller R, Carr JA, Ross OA, Bardien S. Screening of the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene in South Africans of African ancestry with Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 88:156.e11-156.e14. [PMID: 32035846 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sequence variants in glucocerebrosidase (GBA) are a major genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), and display ethnic-dependent frequencies, for example, variants such as p.N370S and 84insGG are common in Ashkenazi Jewish patients. Notably, there are limited studies on black patients from the African continent; hence, we conducted a study on 30 South African black PD patients. All 11 exons of GBA were screened using a nested PCR approach to avoid pseudogene contamination. We identified previously described Gaucher's disease-associated variants, p.R120W in one patient [age at onset (AAO) of 35 years], and p.R131L in another patient (AAO 30 years) and in her affected sibling (AAO 45 years). In addition, we found 3 previously identified [p.K(-27)R, p.T36del, and p.Q497*] and 2 novel (p.F216L and p.G478R) variants. Screening of ethnic-matched controls for the novel variants revealed that the allele frequency of p.F216L was 9.9%, whereas p.G478R was not found in the controls. Studies such as these are important and necessary to reveal the genetic architecture underlying PD in the understudied patients of African ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amokelani C Mahungu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David G Anderson
- University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Neurology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Anastasia C Rossouw
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Walter Sisulu University, East London, South Africa
| | - Riaan van Coller
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jonathan A Carr
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Neurology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Fischgrund JS, Rhyne A, Franke J, Sasso R, Kitchel S, Bae H, Yeung C, Truumees E, Schaufele M, Yuan P, Vajkoczy P, Depalma M, Anderson DG, Thibodeau L, Meyer B. Intraosseous Basivertebral Nerve Ablation for the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain: 2-Year Results From a Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Sham-Controlled Multicenter Study. Int J Spine Surg 2019; 13:110-119. [PMID: 31131209 DOI: 10.14444/6015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study is to report the 2-year clinical outcomes for chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients treated with radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the basivertebral nerve (BVN) in a randomized controlled trial that previously reported 1-year follow up. Methods A total of 147 patients were treated with RF ablation of the BVN in a randomized controlled trial designed to demonstrate safety and efficacy as part of a Food and Drug Administration-Investigational Device Exemption trial. Evaluations, including patient self-assessments, physical and neurological examinations, and safety assessments, were performed at 2 and 6 weeks, and 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months postoperatively. Participants randomized to the sham control arm were allowed to cross to RF ablation at 12 months. Due to a high rate of crossover, RF ablation treated participants acted as their own control in a comparison to baseline for the 24-month outcomes. Results Clinical improvements in the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the Medical Outcomes Trust Short-Form Health Survey Physical Component Summary were statistically significant compared to baseline at all follow-up time points through 2 years. The mean percent improvements in ODI and VAS compared to baseline at 2 years were 53.7 and 52.9%, respectively. Responder rates for ODI and VAS were also maintained through 2 years with patients showing clinically meaningful improvements in both: ODI ≥ 10-point improvement in 76.4% of patients and ODI ≥ 20-point improvement in 57.5%; VAS ≥ 1.5 cm improvement in 70.2% of patients. Conclusions Patients treated with RF ablation of the BVN for CLBP exhibited sustained clinical benefits in ODI and VAS and maintained high responder rates at 2 years following treatment. Basivertebral nerve ablation appears to be a durable, minimally invasive treatment for the relief of CLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Fischgrund
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Oakland University, William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Alfred Rhyne
- OrthoCarolina Spine Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Jörg Franke
- Department of Orthopedics-Spine and Pediatric Orthopedics, Klinikum Magdeburg gGmbH, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rick Sasso
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Hyun Bae
- Department of Surgery, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Eeric Truumees
- Seton Brain & Spine Institute, Department of Surgery, Dell Medical School, Seton Spine & Scoliosis Center, Austin, Texas
| | | | - Philip Yuan
- Department of Surgery, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, California
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- Department of Neurosugery, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin Campus, Virchow Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - David G Anderson
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Bernhard Meyer
- Direktor der Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Technischen Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
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16
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Anderson DG, Ferreira-Correia A, Rodrigues FB, Aziz NA, Carr J, Wild EJ, Margolis RL, Krause A. Comparison of the Huntington's Disease like 2 and Huntington's Disease Clinical Phenotypes. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2019; 6:302-311. [PMID: 31061838 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Huntington's disease like 2 (HDL2) is the most common Huntington's disease (HD) phenocopy in many countries and described as the phenocopy with the greatest resemblance to HD. The current clinical description of HDL2 is based on retrospective data. It is unknown whether HDL2 has clinical features that distinguish it from HD. Objective To describe the HDL2 phenotype and compare it to HD systematically. Methods A blinded cross-sectional design was used to compare the HDL2 (n = 15) and HD (n = 13) phenotypes. African ancestry participants underwent assessments, including the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS). The UHDRS motor component was video recorded and evaluated by blinded experts and the inter-rater reliability calculated. Results Both groups were homogeneous in terms of demographics and disease characteristics. However, HDL2 patients presented three years earlier with more prominent dysarthria and dystonia. Raters could not distinguish between the two diseases with a high level of agreement. No significant differences in the TMS between HDL2 and HD were found. In both disorders, disease duration correlated with motor scores, with the exception of chorea. Psychiatric and cognitive scores were not significantly different between the groups. Conclusions The HDL2 phenotype is similar to HD and is initially characterized by dementia, chorea, and oculomotor abnormalities, progressing to a rigid and bradykinetic state, suggesting the UHDRS is useful to monitor disease progression in HDL2. Although HDL2 patients scored higher on some UHDRS domains, this did not differentiate between the two diseases; it may however be emerging evidence of HDL2 having a more severe clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Anderson
- The University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre Neurology Johannesburg South Africa.,Division of Human Genetics National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Aline Ferreira-Correia
- Department of Psychology School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand. Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Filipe B Rodrigues
- UCL Huntington's Disease Centre University College London UK.,Clinical Pharmacology Unit Instituto de Medicina Molecular Portugal.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Lisbon Portugal
| | - N Ahmad Aziz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Jonathan Carr
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine University of Stellenbosch Cape Town South Africa
| | - Edward J Wild
- UCL Huntington's Disease Centre University College London UK
| | - Russell L Margolis
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa
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Anderson DG. The Great Paleolithic War: How Science Forged an Understanding of America’s Ice Age Past. David J. Meltzer.Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015, 680 pp. $55.00, cloth. ISBN 9780226293226. Journal of Anthropological Research 2019. [DOI: 10.1086/701918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Harrault L, Milek K, Jardé E, Jeanneau L, Derrien M, Anderson DG. Faecal biomarkers can distinguish specific mammalian species in modern and past environments. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211119. [PMID: 30730906 PMCID: PMC6366745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the presence of animals based on faecal deposits in modern and ancient environments is of primary importance to archaeologists, ecologists, forensic scientists, and watershed managers, but it has proven difficult to distinguish faecal material to the species level. Until now, four 5β-stanols have been deployed as faecal biomarkers to distinguish between omnivores and herbivores, but they cannot distinguish between species. Here we present a database of faecal signatures from ten omnivore and herbivore species based on eleven 5β-stanol compounds, which enables us to distinguish for the first time the faecal signatures of a wide range of animals. We validated this fingerprinting method by testing it on modern and ancient soil samples containing known faecal inputs and successfully distinguished the signatures of different omnivores and herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Harrault
- Department of Archaeology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
- Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Karen Milek
- Department of Archaeology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
- Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Emilie Jardé
- Université Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Rennes, France
| | - Laurent Jeanneau
- Université Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Rennes, France
| | - Morgane Derrien
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - David G. Anderson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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Anderson DG, Haagensen M, Ferreira-Correia A, Pierson R, Carr J, Krause A, Margolis RL. Emerging differences between Huntington's disease-like 2 and Huntington's disease: A comparison using MRI brain volumetry. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 21:101666. [PMID: 30682531 PMCID: PMC6350216 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's Disease-Like 2 (HDL2), caused by a CTG/CAG expansion in JPH3 on chromosome 16q24, is the most common Huntington's Disease (HD) phenocopy in populations with African ancestry. Qualitatively, brain MRIs of HDL2 patients have been indistinguishable from HD. To determine brain regions most affected in HDL2 a cross-sectional study using MRI brain volumetry was undertaken to compare the brains of nine HDL2, 11 HD and nine age matched control participants. Participants were ascertained from the region in South Africa with the world's highest HDL2 incidence. The HDL2 and HD patient groups showed no significant differences with respect to mean age at MRI, disease duration, abnormal triplet repeat length, or age at disease onset. Overall, intracerebral volumes were smaller in both affected groups compared to the control group. Comparing the HDL2 and HD groups across multiple covariates, cortical and subcortical volumes were similar with the exception that the HDL2 thalamic volumes were smaller. Consistent with other similarities between the two diseases, these results indicate a pattern of neurodegeneration in HDL2 that is remarkably similar to HD. However smaller thalamic volumes in HDL2 raises intriguing questions into the pathogenesis of both disorders, and how these volumetric differences relate to their respective phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Anderson
- The University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Neurology, Johannesburg, South Africa; Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Mark Haagensen
- The University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Radiology Department, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Aline Ferreira-Correia
- Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Jonathan Carr
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Russell L Margolis
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Anderson DG, Haagensen M, Ferreira-Correia A, Pierson R, Carr J, Krause A, Margolis RL. E02 Selective thalamic volume loss in huntington’s disease-like 2; a novel MRI finding compared to huntington’s disease. Imaging 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2018-ehdn.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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21
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Luo X, Wang W, Dorkin JR, Veiseh O, Chang PH, Abutbul-Ionita I, Danino D, Langer R, Anderson DG, Dong Y. Poly(glycoamidoamine) brush nanomaterials for systemic siRNA delivery in vivo. Biomater Sci 2018; 5:38-40. [PMID: 27921096 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00683c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Delivery is the key challenge for siRNA based therapeutics. Here, we report the development of new poly(glycoamidoamine) brush nanomaterials for efficient siRNA delivery. GluN4C10 polymer brush nanoparticles, a lead material, demonstrated significantly improved delivery efficiency for siRNA against factor VII (FVII) in mice compared to poly(glycoamidoamine) brush nanomaterials reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Luo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - W Wang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J R Dorkin
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - O Veiseh
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P H Chang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - I Abutbul-Ionita
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion Institute of Technology and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - D Danino
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion Institute of Technology and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - R Langer
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA and Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - D G Anderson
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA and Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Y Dong
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA and The Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA and The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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22
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Fischgrund JS, Rhyne A, Franke J, Sasso R, Kitchel S, Bae H, Yeung C, Truumees E, Schaufele M, Yuan P, Vajkoczy P, DePalma M, Anderson DG, Thibodeau L, Meyer B. Intraosseous basivertebral nerve ablation for the treatment of chronic low back pain: a prospective randomized double-blind sham-controlled multi-center study. Eur Spine J 2018; 27:1146-1156. [PMID: 29423885 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-018-5496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the basivertebral nerve (BVN) for the treatment of chronic low back pain (CLBP) in a Food and Drug Administration approved Investigational Device Exemption trial. The BVN has been shown to innervate endplate nociceptors which are thought to be a source of CLBP. METHODS A total of 225 patients diagnosed with CLBP were randomized to either a sham (78 patients) or treatment (147 patients) intervention. The mean age within the study was 47 years (range 25-69) and the mean baseline ODI was 42. All patients had Type I or Type II Modic changes of the treated vertebral bodies. Patients were evaluated preoperatively, and at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The primary endpoint was the comparative change in ODI from baseline to 3 months. RESULTS At 3 months, the average ODI in the treatment arm decreased 20.5 points, as compared to a 15.2 point decrease in the sham arm (p = 0.019, per-protocol population). A responder analysis based on ODI decrease ≥ 10 points showed that 75.6% of patients in the treatment arm as compared to 55.3% in the sham control arm exhibited a clinically meaningful improvement at 3 months. CONCLUSION Patients treated with RF ablation of the BVN for CLBP exhibited significantly greater improvement in ODI at 3 months and a higher responder rate than sham treated controls. BVN ablation represents a potential minimally invasive treatment for the relief of chronic low back pain. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Fischgrund
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 3535 West 13 Mile Road, Suite 744, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA.
| | - A Rhyne
- Ortho Carolina Spine Center, Charlotte, USA
| | - J Franke
- Department of Orthopedics-Spine and Pediatric Orthopedics, Klinikum Magdeburg GmbH, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - R Sasso
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | | | - H Bae
- Department of Surgery, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - C Yeung
- Desert Institute for Spine Care, Phoenix, USA
| | - E Truumees
- Seton Spine and Scoliosis Center, Seton Medical Center, Brackenridge University Hospital, Austin, USA
| | - M Schaufele
- Pain Solutions Treatment Centers, Marietta, USA
| | - P Yuan
- Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, USA
| | - P Vajkoczy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - M DePalma
- Virginia iSpine Physicians, Richmond, USA
| | - D G Anderson
- Departments of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - B Meyer
- Direktor der Neurochirurgischen Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
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23
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Anderson DG, Carmona S, Naidoo K, Coetzer TL, Carr J, Rudnicki DD, Walker RH, Margolis RL, Krause A. Absence of Acanthocytosis in Huntington's Disease-like 2: A Prospective Comparison with Huntington's Disease. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) 2017; 7:512. [PMID: 29226019 PMCID: PMC5721130 DOI: 10.7916/d81j9pdx] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Huntington’s Disease-like 2 (HDL2) is classified as a neuroacanthocytosis; however, this remains unverified. We aim to determine if acanthocytes are present in HDL2 and whether acanthocytes can differentiate HDL2 from Huntington’s disease (HD). Methods We prospectively compared 13 HD and 12 HDL2 cases against 21 unaffected controls in Johannesburg. Blood smears were prepared using international standards and reviewed by at least two blinded reviewers. An acanthocytosis rate of greater than 1.2% in the dry smear or greater than 3.7% in the wet smear was designated a priori as the threshold for clinical significance based on previously established standards. Flow cytometry was performed on all but four of the cases. Red cell membrane protein analysis was performed on all participants. Results There were 12 HDL2, 13 HD, and 21 controls enrolled. None of the HD or HDL2 participants had defined acanthocytosis or other morphological abnormalities. None of the HD or HDL2 cases had evidence of an abnormal band 3. Discussion Acanthocytosis was not identified in either HDL2 or HD in our patient population. Our results, based on the first prospective study of acanthocytes in HDL2 or HD, suggest that screening for acanthocytes will not help establish the diagnosis of HD or HDL2, nor differentiate between the two disorders and raises the question if HDL2 should be placed within the neuroacanthocytosis syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Anderson
- Department of Neurology, The University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Center, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Division of Human Genetics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sergio Carmona
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kubendran Naidoo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Theresa L Coetzer
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Carr
- Department of Neurology, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dobrila D Rudnicki
- Office of Special Initiatives, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ruth H Walker
- Department of Neurology, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Russell L Margolis
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Anderson DG, Bissett TG, Yerka SJ, Wells JJ, Kansa EC, Kansa SW, Myers KN, DeMuth RC, White DA. Sea-level rise and archaeological site destruction: An example from the southeastern United States using DINAA (Digital Index of North American Archaeology). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188142. [PMID: 29186200 PMCID: PMC5706671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of changing climate on terrestrial and underwater archaeological sites, historic buildings, and cultural landscapes can be examined through quantitatively-based analyses encompassing large data samples and broad geographic and temporal scales. The Digital Index of North American Archaeology (DINAA) is a multi-institutional collaboration that allows researchers online access to linked heritage data from multiple sources and data sets. The effects of sea-level rise and concomitant human population relocation is examined using a sample from nine states encompassing much of the Gulf and Atlantic coasts of the southeastern United States. A 1 m rise in sea-level will result in the loss of over >13,000 recorded historic and prehistoric archaeological sites, as well as over 1000 locations currently eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), encompassing archaeological sites, standing structures, and other cultural properties. These numbers increase substantially with each additional 1 m rise in sea level, with >32,000 archaeological sites and >2400 NRHP properties lost should a 5 m rise occur. Many more unrecorded archaeological and historic sites will also be lost as large areas of the landscape are flooded. The displacement of millions of people due to rising seas will cause additional impacts where these populations resettle. Sea level rise will thus result in the loss of much of the record of human habitation of the coastal margin in the Southeast within the next one to two centuries, and the numbers indicate the magnitude of the impact on the archaeological record globally. Construction of large linked data sets is essential to developing procedures for sampling, triage, and mitigation of these impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Anderson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Thaddeus G. Bissett
- Department of Anthropology, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Yerka
- Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Joshua J. Wells
- Department of Anthropology, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Eric C. Kansa
- The Alexandria Archive Institute/Open Context, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sarah W. Kansa
- The Alexandria Archive Institute/Open Context, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Kelsey Noack Myers
- Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - R. Carl DeMuth
- Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Devin A. White
- Geographic Information Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America
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Anderson DG, Van Coller R, Carr J. South African guideline on deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. S Afr Med J 2017; 107:1027-1032. [PMID: 29183419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, associated with severe impairment of quality of life. Although the motor aspects of the illness are typically successfully treated with medications acting on the dopaminergic system, a number of patients encounter progressive difficulties associated with their medical treatment. RECOMMENDATIONS Carefully selected patients will benefit from deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment for their PD. Selection requires dopamine challenge testing and neuropsychological testing for the presence of cognitive impairment. Careful follow-up and programming of the DBS system are mandatory, and a major reason for DBS failure is inadequate programming and management of medication. CONCLUSION DBS is a useful component of standard therapy for PD and may reduce symptoms, improve quality of life, promote patient independence and reduce healthcare costs by reducing requirements for medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Anderson
- Neurology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Abstract
This review weighs the importance of human–animal sociality in Northern ethnographies through an examination of key concepts such as totemism, ideas of the entitlement, and domestication. It shows how classic narratives of cultural evolution are linked to conservation discourse, whereas current theoretical conversations such as the “ontological turn” are rooted in older idioms of liberal egalitarianism. Using a broad comparative approach with literature from all parts of the circumpolar North, this review weighs the effect of older metaphors on the discipline and suggests that a focus on landscape sociality—or sentient ecology—would best represent Northern situations and stories.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Anderson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3QY, Scotland
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Anderson DG, Kvie KS, Davydov VN, Røed KH. Maintaining genetic integrity of coexisting wild and domestic populations: Genetic differentiation between wild and domestic Rangifer with long traditions of intentional interbreeding. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:6790-6802. [PMID: 28904760 PMCID: PMC5587498 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the genetic effect of an indigenous tradition of deliberate and controlled interbreeding between wild and domestic Rangifer. The results are interpreted in the context of conservation concerns and debates on the origin of domestic animals. The study is located in Northeastern Zabaĭkal'e, Russia at approximately 57 degrees North latitude. Blood and skin samples, collected from wild and domestic Rangifer, are analyzed for their mtDNA and microsatellite signatures. Local husbandry traditions are documented ethnographically. The genetic data are analyzed with special reference to indigenous understandings of the distinctions between local domestic types and wild Rangifer. The genetic results demonstrate a strong differentiation between wild and domestic populations. Notably low levels of mtDNA haplotype sharing between wild and domestic reindeer, suggest mainly male‐mediated gene flow between the two gene pools. The nuclear microsatellite results also point to distinct differences between regional domestic clusters. Our results indicate that the Evenki herders have an effective breeding technique which, while mixing pedigrees in the short term, guards against wholesale introgression between wild and domestic populations over the long term. They support a model of domestication where wild males and domestic females are selectively interbred, without hybridizing the two populations. Our conclusions inform a debate on the origins of domestication by documenting a situation where both wild and domestic types are in constant interaction. The study further informs a debate in conservation biology by demonstrating that certain types of controlled introgression between wild and domestic types need not reduce genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kjersti S Kvie
- Department of Environmental Studies University College of Southeast Norway Bø in Telemark Norway.,Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine Norwegian University of Life Sciences Oslo Norway
| | - Vladimir N Davydov
- Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Knut H Røed
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine Norwegian University of Life Sciences Oslo Norway
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Oakeshott JG, Gibson JB, Anderson PR, Knibb WR, Anderson DG, Chambers GK. ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE AND GLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE CLINES IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER ON DIFFERENT CONTINENTS. Evolution 2017; 36:86-96. [PMID: 28581103 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05013.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/1980] [Revised: 01/12/1981] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J G Oakeshott
- Department of Population Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra City, A.C.T., 2601, Australia
| | - J B Gibson
- Department of Population Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra City, A.C.T., 2601, Australia
| | - P R Anderson
- Department of Population Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra City, A.C.T., 2601, Australia
| | - W R Knibb
- Department of Population Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra City, A.C.T., 2601, Australia
| | - D G Anderson
- Department of Population Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra City, A.C.T., 2601, Australia
| | - G K Chambers
- Department of Population Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra City, A.C.T., 2601, Australia
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Anderson DG. Miggelbrink, Judith, Joachim Otto Habeck, Nuccio Mazzullo & Peter Koch (eds). Nomadic and indigenous spaces: productions and cognitions. xvi, 281 pp., maps, figs, illus., bibliogrs. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing, 2014. £65.00 (cloth). J R Anthropol Inst 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1467-9655.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Anderson
- Department of Anthropology; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen AB24 4QY UK
| | | | - Sara Asu Schroer
- Department of Anthropology; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen AB24 4QY UK
| | - Robert P. Wishart
- Department of Anthropology; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen AB24 4QY UK
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Anderson DG, Damianova M, Hanekom S, Lucas M. A comparative retrospective exploration of the profiles of patients in South Africa diagnosed with epileptic and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 69:37-43. [PMID: 28222340 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) have a high prevalence globally but the accurate diagnosis of this condition still remains a challenge. This is particularly the case in countries where there is scarce expertise and insufficient affordable medical facilities to which patients have access. The rate of PNES diagnosis in epilepsy units is typically within the range of 20 to 30%. In the context of developing countries, this rate tends to be higher and increases demand on the existing scarce health care capacities. Although the profiling of patients with different seizure presentations is essential for informing appropriate treatment, to date there has been no comparative analysis of the profiles of patients with PNES and epilepsy in South Africa. The aim of the present study was to explore retrospectively the demographic and medication characteristics of these patients and to compare these characteristics to those reported in patient populations from other countries and regions. The total sample of 246 participants included 85 (35%) male and 161 (65%) female patients who were admitted to the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit (EMU) at Milpark Hospital, South Africa. Following the video-EEG monitoring assessment, 123 patients (50%) were diagnosed with PNES, and for 123 patients (50%) the diagnosis of epilepsy was confirmed. The results indicated that the demographic profiles of the groups of patients with epilepsy and PNES were similar with reference to age and self-ascribed ethnicity. In both groups, the majority of the patients were females, but proportionally their prevalence was higher in the PNES patient group than in the epilepsy patient group, which is compatible with the trends found in the PNES patient populations internationally. Pre-diagnostically, the type and the number of medications prescribed to patients with PNES and epilepsy were comparable. Subsequent to the diagnosis at the EMU, there was a significant reduction of overall medications in each group, but this reducton was more pronounced in the group with PNES. It is concluded that the rate of misdiagnosis of PNES in South Africa surpasses the rates reported for the patient populations in other countries and is one of the highest documented worldwide. Considering that post-diagnostically, there was reduction in central nervous system (CNS) medications as well as anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) in both patients with epilepsy and those with PNES, it is likely that pre-diagnostically a significant proportion of all patients were over medicated. Compared to the epilepsy diagnosis, the PNES diagnosis resulted in a more substantial reduction of medication. These findings outline important dimensions of the diagnostic and medication treatment practices of epilepsy and PNES and point to the urgent need to improve these practices in South Africa and the African continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Anderson
- University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) Donald Gordon Medical Centre, South Africa
| | - Maria Damianova
- Monash South Africa, South Africa; School of Social and Community Development (Psychology), Faculty of Humanities, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa.
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Barkhuizen M, Anderson DG, van der Westhuizen FH, Grobler AF. A molecular analysis of the GBA gene in Caucasian South Africans with Parkinson's disease. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2017; 5:147-156. [PMID: 28361101 PMCID: PMC5370228 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The molecular basis of Parkinson's disease in South African population groups remains elusive. To date, substitutions in the GBA gene are the most common large‐effect genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of GBA substitutions in South Africans with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Methods Participants were recruited from tertiary hospitals in the Gauteng Province in South Africa. All participants were screened for substitutions in GBA exon 8‐11 and the full coding region was analysed in 20 participants. Peripheral β‐glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity of GBA‐carriers was measured in mixed leukocytes. Results Of 105 Caucasian Parkinson's disease participants (82.7% Afrikaner) with an average age of disease onset of 61.9 ± 12.2 years and 40 controls (age 73.4 ± 12.4 years) were included. Heterozygous GBA substitutions were identified in 12.38% of affected participants (p.G35A, p.E326K, p.I368T, p.T369M, p.N370S, p.P387L and p.K441N) and 5.00% of controls (p.E326K and p.T369M). The substitutions ranged from predicted benign to moderately damaging; with p.E326K and p.T369M most prevalent, followed by the Afrikaner Gaucher disease substitution p.P387L. Severe Gaucher disease mutations, like p.L444P, were absent in this cohort. Enzyme activity analysis revealed a nonsignificant reduction in the GBA‐Parkinson's disease individuals (14.49 ± 2.30 nmol/h/mg protein vs. 15.98 ± 3.06 nmol/h/mg in control samples). GBA substitutions occur in both young‐onset and late‐onset Parkinson's cases in the cohort. Conclusion Mild GBA substitutions that may not cause Gaucher disease were a common risk factor for Parkinson's disease in the participant group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Barkhuizen
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development PlatformNorth-West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa; Department of PaediatricsSchool for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastricht6229The Netherlands
| | - David G Anderson
- Department of Neurology University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
| | | | - Anne F Grobler
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform North-West University Potchefstroom 2520 South Africa
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington Disease-like 2 (HDL2) is a neurodegenerative disorder similar to Huntington Disease (HD) in its clinical phenotype, genetic characteristics, neuropathology and longitudinal progression. Proposed specific differences include an exclusive African ancestry, lack of eye movement abnormalities, increased Parkinsonism, and acanthocytes in HDL2. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine the similarities and differences between HD and HDL2 by establishing the clinical phenotype of HDL2 with the published cases. METHODS A literature review of all clinically described cases of HDL2 until the end of 2016 was performed and a descriptive analysis was carried out. RESULTS Sixty-nine new cases were described between 2001 and 2016. All cases had likely African ancestry, and most were found in South Africa and the USA. Many features were found to be similar to HD, including a strong negative correlation between repeat length and age of onset. Chorea was noted in 48/57 cases (84%). Dementia was reported in 74% patients, and Parkinsonism in 37%. Psychiatric features were reported in 44 out of 47 cases. Patients with chorea had lower expanded repeat lengths compared to patients without chorea. Eye movements were described in 19 cases, 8 were abnormal. Acanthocytes were detected in 4 of the 13 patients tested. Nineteen out of 20 MRIs were reported as abnormal with findings similar to HD. CONCLUSION This review clarifies some aspects of the HDL2 phenotype and highlights others which require further investigation. Features that are unique to HDL2 have been documented in a minority of subjects and require prospective validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Anderson
- The University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Neurology, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service & School of Pathology, The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ruth H Walker
- Department of Neurology, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Myles Connor
- NHS Borders, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Carr
- Department of Neurology, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Russell L Margolis
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service & School of Pathology, The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Kvie KS, Heggenes J, Anderson DG, Kholodova MV, Sipko T, Mizin I, Røed KH. Colonizing the High Arctic: Mitochondrial DNA Reveals Common Origin of Eurasian Archipelagic Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165237. [PMID: 27880778 PMCID: PMC5120779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In light of current debates on global climate change it has become important to know more on how large, roaming species have responded to environmental change in the past. Using the highly variable mitochondrial control region, we revisit theories of Rangifer colonization and propose that the High Arctic archipelagos of Svalbard, Franz Josef Land, and Novaia Zemlia were colonized by reindeer from the Eurasian mainland after the last glacial maximum. Comparing mtDNA control region sequences from the three Arctic archipelagos showed a strong genetic connection between the populations, supporting a common origin in the past. A genetic connection between the three archipelagos and two Russian mainland populations was also found, suggesting colonization of the Eurasian high Arctic archipelagos from the Eurasian mainland. The age of the Franz Josef Land material (>2000 years before present) implies that Arctic indigenous reindeer colonized the Eurasian Arctic archipelagos through natural dispersal, before humans approached this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjersti S Kvie
- Department of Environmental Studies, University College of Southeast Norway, Bø in Telemark, Norway.,Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Heggenes
- Department of Environmental Studies, University College of Southeast Norway, Bø in Telemark, Norway
| | - David G Anderson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | | | - Taras Sipko
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Mizin
- Russian Arctic National Park, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Knut H Røed
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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DeRosa F, Guild B, Karve S, Smith L, Love K, Dorkin JR, Kauffman KJ, Zhang J, Yahalom B, Anderson DG, Heartlein MW. Therapeutic efficacy in a hemophilia B model using a biosynthetic mRNA liver depot system. Gene Ther 2016; 23:699-707. [PMID: 27356951 PMCID: PMC5059749 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
DNA-based gene therapy has considerable therapeutic potential, but the challenges associated with delivery continue to limit progress. Messenger RNA (mRNA) has the potential to provide for transient production of therapeutic proteins, without the need for nuclear delivery and without the risk of insertional mutagenesis. Here we describe the sustained delivery of therapeutic proteins in vivo in both rodents and non-human primates via nanoparticle-formulated mRNA. Nanoparticles formulated with lipids and lipid-like materials were developed for delivery of two separate mRNA transcripts encoding either human erythropoietin (hEPO) or factor IX (hFIX) protein. Dose-dependent protein production was observed for each mRNA construct. Upon delivery of hEPO mRNA in mice, serum EPO protein levels reached several orders of magnitude (>125 000-fold) over normal physiological values. Further, an increase in hematocrit (Hct) was established, demonstrating that the exogenous mRNA-derived protein maintained normal activity. The capacity of producing EPO in non-human primates via delivery of formulated mRNA was also demonstrated as elevated EPO protein levels were observed over a 72-h time course. Exemplifying the possible broad utility of mRNA drugs, therapeutically relevant amounts of human FIX (hFIX) protein were achieved upon a single intravenous dose of hFIX mRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles in mice. In addition, therapeutic value was established within a hemophilia B (FIX knockout (KO)) mouse model by demonstrating a marked reduction in Hct loss following injury (incision) to FIX KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- F DeRosa
- Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - B Guild
- Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - S Karve
- Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - L Smith
- Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - K Love
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J R Dorkin
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - K J Kauffman
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - B Yahalom
- Biomedical Research Models, Inc., Worcester, MA, USA
| | - D G Anderson
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Anderson DG, Németh AH, Fawcett KA, Sims D, Miller J, Krause A. Deep Brain Stimulation in Three Related Cases of North Sea Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy from South Africa. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2016; 4:249-253. [PMID: 30838261 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a white Afrikaans family from eastern South Africa with three members affected with North Sea progressive myoclonus epilepsy, resulting from a homozygous founder GOSR2 mutation (c.430G>T, p.Gly144Trp). The mutation was identified by exomic sequencing in a research study investigating childhood onset ataxias. All three subjects presented with ataxia, tremor, early gait difficulties, and myoclonic and generalized tonic clonic (GTC) epilepsy. Each patient underwent deep brain stimulation of the caudal Zona Incerta before coming to the attention of the authors. In each case there was a reduction in GTC seizures, and two patients exhibited a reduction in involuntary movements, as evaluated during long-term follow-up. In one case there was an improvement in gait and stance when assessed while the stimulation was on.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Anderson
- Department of Neurology University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre Johannesburg South Africa.,Division of Human Genetics School of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Andrea H Németh
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Katherine A Fawcett
- CGAT Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom
| | - David Sims
- CGAT Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Jack Miller
- CGAT Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics School of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa.,Division of Human Genetics National Health Laboratory Service Johannesburg South Africa
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Anderson DG, Florang VR, Schamp JH, Buettner GR, Doorn JA. Antioxidant-Mediated Modulation of Protein Reactivity for 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, a Toxic Dopamine Metabolite. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1098-107. [PMID: 27268734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) is an endogenously produced toxic aldehyde. It is a bifunctional electrophile implicated in the loss of dopaminergic cells concomitant with Parkinson's disease and neurodegeneration. DOPAL is known to react with proteins and amino acids such as N-acetyl lysine (NAL); oxidation of the catechol moiety to the quinone of DOPAL increases this reactivity. Here, we demonstrate the ability of the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine, glutathione, and ascorbic acid to mitigate the reactivity of DOPAL with proteins and amino acids in a dose-dependent fashion. Conversely, Trolox did not lessen the observed reactivity with proteins. Interestingly, use of tricine, a buffer and reducing agent, in these systems also decreased the reactivity of DOPAL with amines, yielding tricine-derived free radical species. Modification of amines with aldehydes typically involves Schiff base chemistry; however, the observance of free radicals suggests that an oxidative step is involved in the reaction of DOPAL with lysine. Furthermore, while Schiff base formation is usually optimal at pH 5, the reaction rate of DOPAL with NAL is negligible at pH 5 and is enhanced under basic conditions (e.g., pH 9). Conditions of high pH are also favorable for catechol auto-oxidation, known to occur for DOPAL. The antioxidant-mediated protection demonstrated here suggests that oxidative stress may impart cellular vulnerability to protein modification by DOPAL. Therefore, depleted antioxidants and increased levels of lipid peroxidation products, known to prevent the detoxifying metabolism of DOPAL, may present a survival challenge to dopaminergic cells targeted in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Anderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa , 115 South Grand Avenue, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1112, United States
| | - Virginia R Florang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa , 115 South Grand Avenue, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1112, United States
| | - Josephine H Schamp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa , 115 South Grand Avenue, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1112, United States
| | - Garry R Buettner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, ESR Facility, Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1101, United States
| | - Jonathan A Doorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa , 115 South Grand Avenue, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1112, United States
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Sayadipour A, Kepler CK, Mago R, Certa KM, Rasouli MR, Vaccaro AR, Albert TJ, Anderson DG. Economic Effects of Anti-Depressant Usage on Elective Lumbar Fusion Surgery. Arch Bone Jt Surg 2016; 4:231-235. [PMID: 27517068 PMCID: PMC4969369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested, although not proven, that presence of concomitant psychiatric disorders may increase the inpatient costs for patients undergoing elective surgery. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that elective lumbar fusion surgery is more costly in patients with under treatment for depression. METHODS This is a retrospective case-control study of 142 patients who underwent elective lumbar fusion. Of those 142 patients, 41 patients were chronically using an antidepressant medication that considered as a "study group", and 101 patients were not taking an antidepressant medication that considered as a "control group". Data was collected for this cohort regarding antidepressant usage patient demographics, length of stay (LOS), age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index scores and cost. Costs were compared between those with a concomitant antidepressant usage and those without antidepressant usage using multivariate analysis. RESULTS Patients using antidepressants and those with no history of antidepressant usage were similar in terms of gender, age and number of operative levels. The LOS demonstrated a non-significant trend towards longer stays in those using anti-depressants. Total charges, payments, variable costs and fixed costs were all higher in the antidepressant group but none of the differences reached statistical significance. Using Total Charges as the dependent variable, gender and having psychiatric comorbidities were retained independent variables. Use of an antidepressant was independently predictive of a 36% increase in Total Charges. Antidepressant usage as an independent variable also conferred a 22% increase in cost and predictive of a 19% increase in Fixed Cost. Male gender was predictive of a 30% increase in Total Charges. CONCLUSION This study suggests use of antidepressant in patients who undergo elective spine fusion compared with control group is associated with increasing total cost and length of hospitalization, although none of the differences reached statistical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirali Sayadipour
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chrisopher K Kepler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rajnish Mago
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth M Certa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohammad R Rasouli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander R Vaccaro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Todd J Albert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David G Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Barkhuizen M, Anderson DG, van der Westhuizen FH, Grobler AF. “Benign” GBA variants may alter gene splicing in South African Parkinson's disease cases. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.10.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Barkhuizen M, Anderson DG, Grobler AF. Advances in GBA-associated Parkinson's disease--Pathology, presentation and therapies. Neurochem Int 2015; 93:6-25. [PMID: 26743617 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
GBA mutations are to date the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease. The GBA gene encodes the lysomal hydrolase glucocerebrosidase. Whilst bi-allelic GBA mutations cause Gaucher disease, both mono- and bi-allelic mutations confer risk for Parkinson's disease. Clinically, Parkinson's disease patients with GBA mutations resemble idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients. However, these patients have a modest reduction in age-of-onset of disease and a greater incidence of cognitive decline. In some cases, GBA mutations are also responsible for familial Parkinson's disease. The accumulation of α-synuclein into Lewy bodies is the central neuropathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. Pathologic GBA mutations reduce enzymatic function. A reduction in glucocerebrosidase function increases α-synuclein levels and propagation, which in turn inhibits glucocerebrosidase in a feed-forward cascade. This cascade is central to the neuropathology of GBA-associated Parkinson's disease. The lysosomal integral membrane protein type-2 is necessary for normal glucocerebrosidase function. Glucocerebrosidase dysfunction also increases in the accumulation of β-amyloid and amyloid-precursor protein, oxidative stress, neuronal susceptibility to metal ions, microglial and immune activation. These factors contribute to neuronal death. The Mendelian Parkinson's disease genes, Parkin and ATP13A2, intersect with glucocerebrosidase. These factors sketch a complex circuit of GBA-associated neuropathology. To clinically interfere with this circuit, central glucocerebrosidase function must be improved. Strategies based on reducing breakdown of mutant glucocerebrosidase and increasing the fraction that reaches the lysosome has shown promise. Breakdown can be reduced by interfering with the ability of heat-shock proteins to recognize mutant glucocerebrosidase. This underlies the therapeutic efficacy of certain pharmacological chaperones and histone deacetylase inhibitors. These therapies are promising for Parkinson's disease, regardless of mutation status. Recently, there has been a boom in studies investigating the role of glucocerebrosidase in the pathology of Parkinson's disease. This merits a comprehensive review of the current cell biological processes and pathological pictures involving Parkinson's disease associated with GBA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Barkhuizen
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa; Department of Paediatrics, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229, The Netherlands.
| | - David G Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Witwatersrand University Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Anne F Grobler
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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Anderson DG, Morris DE. Characteristics of successful 'super ACOs'. Healthc Financ Manage 2015; 69:98-100. [PMID: 26665342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Anderson DG. The handbook of cont-emporary animism
by Harvey, Graham. Social Anthropology/Anthropologie Sociale 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-8676.12096_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Anderson DG, Smallwood AM, Miller DS. Pleistocene Human Settlement in the Southeastern United States: Current Evidence and Future Directions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1179/2055556314z.00000000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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VanderWerf EA, Young LC, Crow SE, Opie E, Yamazaki H, Miller CJ, Anderson DG, Brown LS, Smith DG, Eijzenga J. Increase in Wedge-tailed Shearwaters and Changes in Soil Nutrients following Removal of Alien Mammalian Predators and Nitrogen-fixing Plants at Kaena Point, Hawaii. Restor Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susan E. Crow
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management; University of Hawaii; Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
| | - Eryn Opie
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management; University of Hawaii; Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
| | - Hironao Yamazaki
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management; University of Hawaii; Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
| | - Christopher J. Miller
- Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources; Natural Area Reserve System; Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
| | - David G. Anderson
- Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources; Natural Area Reserve System; Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
| | - Leland S. Brown
- Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources; Natural Area Reserve System; Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
| | - David G. Smith
- Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources; Division of Forestry and Wildlife; 2135 Makiki Heights Drive Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
| | - Jakob Eijzenga
- Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources; Division of Forestry and Wildlife; 2135 Makiki Heights Drive Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
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Våge DI, Nieminen M, Anderson DG, Røed KH. Two missense mutations in melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) are strongly associated with dark ventral coat color in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). Anim Genet 2014; 45:750-3. [PMID: 25039753 DOI: 10.1111/age.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The protein-coding region of melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) was sequenced to identify potential variation affecting coat color in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). A T→C sequence variation at nucleotide position 218 (c.218T>C) causing an amino acid (aa) change from methionine to threonine at aa position 73 (p.Met73Thr) was identified. In addition, a T→G sequence variation was found at nucleotide position 839 (c.839T>G), causing phenylalanine to be exchanged by cysteine at aa position 280 (p.Phe280Cys). The two sequence variants (c.218C and c.839G) were found to be closely associated with a darker belly coat compared with animals not having any of these two variants. The aa acid change p.Met73Thr affects the same position as p.Met73Lys previously reported to give constitutive activation of MC1R in black sheep (Ovis aries), whereas p.Phe280Cys is identical to one of two variants previously reported to be associated with dark coat color in Arctic fox (Alopex lagopus), supporting that the two variants found in reindeer are functional. The complete absence of Thr73 and Cys280 among the 51 wild reindeer analyzed provides some evidence that these variants are more common in the domestic herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Våge
- Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences (IHA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, N-1432, Norway
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Koerner JD, Kepler CK, Rihn JA, Radcliff K, Anderson DG, Vaccaro AR. Reducing radiation exposure in spinal surgery. J Neurosurg Sci 2014; 58:7-13. [PMID: 25371942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Celiz AD, Smith JGW, Patel AK, Langer R, Anderson DG, Barrett DA, Young LE, Davies MC, Denning C, Alexander MR. Chemically diverse polymer microarrays and high throughput surface characterisation: a method for discovery of materials for stem cell culture†Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00054dClick here for additional data file. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:1604-1611. [PMID: 25328672 PMCID: PMC4183437 DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00054d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemically diverse polymer microarrays as a powerful screening tool for the discovery of new materials for a variety of applications.
Materials discovery provides the opportunity to identify novel materials that are tailored to complex biological environments by using combinatorial mixing of monomers to form large libraries of polymers as micro arrays. The materials discovery approach is predicated on the use of the largest chemical diversity possible, yet previous studies into human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) response to polymer microarrays have been limited to 20 or so different monomer identities in each study. Here we show that it is possible to print and assess cell adhesion of 141 different monomers in a microarray format. This provides access to the largest chemical space to date, allowing us to meet the regenerative medicine challenge to provide scalable synthetic culture ware. This study identifies new materials suitable for hPSC expansion that could not have been predicted from previous knowledge of cell-material interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Celiz
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis , School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK .
| | - J G W Smith
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells , Tissue Engineering and Modelling Centre for Biomolecular Sciences , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - A K Patel
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells , Tissue Engineering and Modelling Centre for Biomolecular Sciences , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - R Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 500 Main Street , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA
| | - D G Anderson
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 500 Main Street , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA
| | - D A Barrett
- School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - L E Young
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells , Tissue Engineering and Modelling Centre for Biomolecular Sciences , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - M C Davies
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis , School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK .
| | - C Denning
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells , Tissue Engineering and Modelling Centre for Biomolecular Sciences , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - M R Alexander
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis , School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK .
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Anderson DG. Walking the land, feeding the fire: knowledge and stewardship among the Tlicho Deneby Legat, Allice. Social Anthropology/Anthropologie Sociale 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-8676.12072_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Anderson DG. Who owns the stock? Collective and multiple property rights in animalsby Khazanov, M. Anatoly and Günther Schlee. Social Anthropology/Anthropologie Sociale 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-8676.12065_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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