1
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Yang K, Xiao Y, Zhong L, Zhang W, Wang P, Ren Y, Shi L. p53-regulated lncRNAs in cancers: from proliferation and metastasis to therapy. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1456-1470. [PMID: 37679529 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as master gene regulators through various mechanisms such as transcription, translation, protein modification and RNA-protein complexes. LncRNA dysregulation is frequently associated with a variety of biological functions and human diseases including cancer. The p53 network is a key tumor-suppressive mechanism that transcriptionally activates target genes to suppress cellular proliferation in human malignancies. Recent research indicates that lncRNAs play an important role in the p53 signaling pathway. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of lncRNAs in p53-relevant functions and provide an overview of how these altered lncRNAs contribute to tumor initiation and progression. We also discuss the association between lncRNA and up- or downstream genes of p53. These findings imply that lncRNAs can help identify cellular vulnerabilities that may prove to be promising potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Yang
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Xiao
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghui Zhong
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyang Zhang
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075131, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Ren
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Sengupta S, Singh N, Paul A, Datta D, Chatterjee D, Mukherjee S, Gadhe L, Devi J, Mahesh Y, Jolly MK, Maji SK. p53 amyloid pathology is correlated with higher cancer grade irrespective of the mutant or wild-type form. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261017. [PMID: 37622400 PMCID: PMC7615089 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 (also known as TP53) mutation and amyloid formation are long associated with cancer pathogenesis; however, the direct demonstration of the link between p53 amyloid load and cancer progression is lacking. Using multi-disciplinary techniques and 59 tissues (53 oral and stomach cancer tumor tissue samples from Indian individuals with cancer and six non-cancer oral and stomach tissue samples), we showed that p53 amyloid load and cancer grades are highly correlated. Furthermore, next-generation sequencing (NGS) data suggest that not only mutant p53 (e.g. single-nucleotide variants, deletions, and insertions) but wild-type p53 also formed amyloids either in the nucleus (50%) and/or in the cytoplasm in most cancer tissues. Interestingly, in all these cancer tissues, p53 displays a loss of DNA-binding and transcriptional activities, suggesting that the level of amyloid load correlates with the degree of loss and an increase in cancer grades. The p53 amyloids also sequester higher amounts of the related p63 and p73 (also known as TP63 and TP73, respectively) protein in higher-grade tumor tissues. The data suggest p53 misfolding and/or aggregation, and subsequent amyloid formation, lead to loss of the tumor-suppressive function and the gain of oncogenic function, aggravation of which might determine the cancer grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjinee Sengupta
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Namrata Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ajoy Paul
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debalina Datta
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debdeep Chatterjee
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Semanti Mukherjee
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Laxmikant Gadhe
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Jyoti Devi
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Yeshwanth Mahesh
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Samir K. Maji
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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3
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Dary Gutiérrez-Castañeda L, Nova J, Irene Cerezo-Cortés M. Somatic Mutations in TP53 Gene in Colombian Patients With Non-melanoma Skin Cancer. CANCER DIAGNOSIS & PROGNOSIS 2022; 2:107-114. [PMID: 35400008 PMCID: PMC8962838 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Non-melanoma skin cancer is the most common cancer in the world. Somatic mutations in the TP53 gene are associated with the development of this cancer. To describe mutations in exons 5-8 of the TP53 gene in a sample of Colombian patients with non-melanoma skin cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and fifteen patients with non-melanoma skin cancer were included. Exons 5-8 were amplified and analyzed by PCR-High Resolution Melting and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients with basal cell carcinomas and 58 with squamous cell carcinomas were studied. 16% of patients with basal cell carcinoma and 26% of patients with squamous cell carcinoma had mutations in the TP53 gene. The most frequent mutations were substitutions, while three patients had deletions. The most frequent mutation was p.R158G. CONCLUSION The analysis showed that Colombian individuals with non-melanoma skin cancer have genetic TP53 variants different from those reported as recurrent for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Dary Gutiérrez-Castañeda
- General Dermatology Group, Hospital Universitario Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta E.S.E, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - John Nova
- General Dermatology Group, Hospital Universitario Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta E.S.E, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Irene Cerezo-Cortés
- General Dermatology Group, Hospital Universitario Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta E.S.E, Bogotá, Colombia
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4
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Espíndola MR, Varotti FDP, Aguiar ACC, Andrade SN, Rocha EMMD. In vitro assessment for cytotoxicity screening of new antimalarial candidates. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e18308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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5
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Navalkar A, Pandey S, Singh N, Patel K, Datta D, Mohanty B, Jadhav S, Chaudhari P, Maji SK. Direct evidence of cellular transformation by prion-like p53 amyloid infection. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:269011. [PMID: 34085695 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 mutations are associated with more than 50% of cancers. Aggregation and amyloid formation of p53 is also implicated in cancer pathogenesis, but direct evidence for aggregated p53 amyloids acting as an oncogene is lacking. Here, we conclusively demonstrate that wild-type p53 amyloid formation imparts oncogenic properties to non-cancerous cells. p53 amyloid aggregates were transferred through cell generations, contributing to enhanced survival, apoptotic resistance with increased proliferation and migration. The tumorigenic potential of p53 amyloid-transformed cells was further confirmed in mouse xenografts, wherein the tumors showed p53 amyloids. p53 disaggregation rescued the cellular transformation and inhibited tumor development in mice. We propose that wild-type p53 amyloid formation contributes to tumorigenesis and can be a potential target for therapeutic intervention. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambuja Navalkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India400076
| | - Satyaprakash Pandey
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India400076
| | - Namrata Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India400076
| | - Komal Patel
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India400076
| | - Debalina Datta
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India400076
| | - Bhabani Mohanty
- Small Animal Imaging Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India410210
| | | | - Pradip Chaudhari
- Small Animal Imaging Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India410210.,Department of Life Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India400094
| | - Samir K Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India400076
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6
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Regan JL, Schumacher D, Staudte S, Steffen A, Lesche R, Toedling J, Jourdan T, Haybaeck J, Mumberg D, Henderson D, Győrffy B, Regenbrecht CRA, Keilholz U, Schäfer R, Lange M. RNA sequencing of long-term label-retaining colon cancer stem cells identifies novel regulators of quiescence. iScience 2021; 24:102618. [PMID: 34142064 PMCID: PMC8185225 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data suggest that therapy-resistant quiescent cancer stem cells (qCSCs) are the source of relapse in colon cancer. Here, using colon cancer patient-derived organoids and xenografts, we identify rare long-term label-retaining qCSCs that can re-enter the cell cycle to generate new tumors. RNA sequencing analyses demonstrated that these cells display the molecular hallmarks of quiescent tissue stem cells, including expression of p53 signaling genes, and are enriched for transcripts common to damage-induced quiescent revival stem cells of the regenerating intestine. In addition, we identify negative regulators of cell cycle, downstream of p53, that we show are indicators of poor prognosis and may be targeted for qCSC abolition in both p53 wild-type and mutant tumors. These data support the temporal inhibition of downstream targets of p53 signaling, in combination with standard-of-care treatments, for the elimination of qCSCs and prevention of relapse in colon cancer. Colon tumors contain therapy-resistant quiescent cancer stem cells (qCSCs) qCSC gene expression mirrors that of quiescent stem cells of the regenerating gut qCSCs are enriched for p53 signaling genes qCSC elimination may be achieved by inhibiting downstream targets of p53 signaling
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Regan
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Schumacher
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Staudte
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Lesche
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Nuvisan ICB GmbH, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joern Toedling
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Nuvisan ICB GmbH, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thibaud Jourdan
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Dominik Mumberg
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Henderson
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.,TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian R A Regenbrecht
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,CELLphenomics GmbH, 13125 Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Keilholz
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Lange
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Nuvisan ICB GmbH, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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7
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Garcia-Gil M, Turri B, Gabriele M, Pucci L, Agnarelli A, Lai M, Freer G, Pistello M, Vignali R, Batistoni R, Marracci S. Protopine/Gemcitabine Combination Induces Cytotoxic or Cytoprotective Effects in Cell Type-Specific and Dose-Dependent Manner on Human Cancer and Normal Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020090. [PMID: 33530428 PMCID: PMC7912662 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural alkaloid protopine (PRO) exhibits pharmacological properties including anticancer activity. We investigated the effects of PRO, alone and in combination with the chemotherapeutic gemcitabine (GEM), on human tumor cell lines and non-tumor human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). We found that treatments with different PRO/GEM combinations were cytotoxic or cytoprotective, depending on concentration and cell type. PRO/GEM decreased viability in pancreatic cancer MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells, while it rescued the GEM-induced viability decline in HDFs and in tumor MCF-7 cells. Moreover, PRO/GEM decreased G1, S and G2/M phases, concomitantly with an increase of subG1 phase in MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells. Differently, PRO/GEM restored the normal progression of the cell cycle, altered by GEM, and decreased cell death in HDFs. PRO alone increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1 cells and HDFs, while PRO/GEM increased both intracellular and mitochondrial ROS in the three cell lines. These results indicate that specific combinations of PRO/GEM may be used to induce cytotoxic effects in pancreatic tumor MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells, but have cytoprotective or no effects in HDFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Garcia-Gil
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Turri
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Morena Gabriele
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (L.P.)
| | - Laura Pucci
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (L.P.)
| | - Alessandro Agnarelli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Michele Lai
- Retrovirus Centre, Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Giulia Freer
- Retrovirus Centre, Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Mauro Pistello
- Retrovirus Centre, Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.L.); (G.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Robert Vignali
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Renata Batistoni
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
- Istituto Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Marracci
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.-G.); (B.T.); (A.A.); (R.V.); (R.B.)
- Istituto Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence:
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8
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Benor G, Fuks G, Chin S, Rueda OM, Mukherjee S, Arandkar S, Aylon Y, Caldas C, Domany E, Oren M. Transcriptional profiling reveals a subset of human breast tumors that retain wt TP53 but display mutant p53-associated features. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1640-1652. [PMID: 32484602 PMCID: PMC7400784 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 gene mutations are very common in human cancer. While such mutations abrogate the tumor suppressive activities of the wild-type (wt) p53 protein, some of them also endow the mutant (mut) protein with oncogenic gain of function (GOF), facilitating cancer progression. Yet, p53 may acquire altered functionality even without being mutated; in particular, experiments with cultured cells revealed that wtp53 can be rewired to adopt mut-like features in response to growth factors or cancer-mimicking genetic manipulations. To assess whether such rewiring also occurs in human tumors, we interrogated gene expression profiles and pathway deregulation patterns in the METABRIC breast cancer (BC) dataset as a function of TP53 gene mutation status. Harnessing the power of machine learning, we optimized a gene expression classifier for ER+Her2- patients that distinguishes tumors carrying TP53 mutations from those retaining wt TP53. Interestingly, a small subset of wt TP53 tumors displayed gene expression and pathway deregulation patterns markedly similar to those of TP53-mutated tumors. Moreover, similar to TP53-mutated tumors, these 'pseudomutant' cases displayed a signature for enhanced proliferation and had worse prognosis than typical wtp53 tumors. Notably, these tumors revealed upregulation of genes which, in BC cell lines, were reported to be positively regulated by p53 GOF mutants. Thus, such tumors may benefit from mut p53-associated activities without having to accrue TP53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Benor
- Department of Physics of Complex SystemsThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Garold Fuks
- Department of Physics of Complex SystemsThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Suet‐Feung Chin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of OncologyLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Oscar M. Rueda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of OncologyLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Saptaparna Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Sharathchandra Arandkar
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)Tata Memorial CentreKhargharIndia
| | - Yael Aylon
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of OncologyLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Eytan Domany
- Department of Physics of Complex SystemsThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Moshe Oren
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
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9
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The role of cooperativity in a p53-miR34 dynamical mathematical model. J Theor Biol 2020; 495:110252. [PMID: 32199858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2020.110252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of cooperativity, captured by the Hill coefficient, in a minimal mathematical model describing the interactions between p53 and miR-34a. The model equations are analyzed for negative, none and normal cooperativity using a specific version of bifurcation theory and they are solved numerically. Special attention is paid to the sign of so-called first Lyapunov value. Interpretations of the results are given, both according to dynamic theory and in biological terms. In terms of cell signaling, we propose the hypothesis that when the outgoing signal of a system spends a physiologically significant amount of time outside of its equilibrium state, then the value of that signal can be sampled at any point along the trajectory towards that equilibrium and indeed, at multiple points. Coupled with non-linear behavior, such as that caused by cooperativity, this feature can account for a complex and varied response, which p53 is known for. From dynamical point of view, we found that when cooperativity is negative, the system has only one stable equilibrium point. In the absence of cooperativity, there is a single unstable equilibrium point with a critical boundary of stability. In the case with normal cooperativity, the system can have one, two, or three steady states with both, bi-stability and bi-instability occurring.
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10
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Gruevska A, Moragrega AB, Galindo MJ, Esplugues JV, Blas-Garcia A, Apostolova N. p53 and p53-related mediators PAI-1 and IGFBP-3 are downregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-patients exposed to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Antiviral Res 2020; 178:104784. [PMID: 32272174 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The improved effectiveness and safety of the combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has largely diminished mortality and AIDS-defining morbidity of HIV-patients. Nevertheless, chronic age-related diseases in these individuals are more common and their underlying pathogenic mechanisms of these actions seem to involve accelerated aging and enhanced inflammation. The present study explores markers of these processes in a heterogenous Spanish HIV cohort using peripheral blood samples of HIV-patients and matched uninfected controls. We isolated periheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and i) compared the expression of a panel of 14 genes related to inflammation and senescence in PBMCs of HIV-patients vs matched uninfected controls, ii) analyzed the expression in HIV-patients in association with a number of demographic, biochemical and immunological parameters and iii) in relation with the current cART they received. PBMCs of HIV-patients displayed significantly increased expression of general inflammatory genes (IL6, IL18 and CXCL10) and this occurs irrespectively of the antiviral therapy they have been receiving. Conversely, levels of senescence-associated genes TP53, SERPINE1andIGFBP3 were slightly but significantly reduced in patients compared to uninfected matched individuals and this effect is related to NNRTI-containing treatments. The expression of the inflammatory markers IL6, IL18, IL1B, TNFA, RELA, CCL2, CCL20 and CXCL10 displayed correlation with certain demographic, morbidity- and HIV infection-related parameters. The levels of TP53 mRNA were positively associated only with plasma LDL. Correlation analysis between the expressions of pairs of genes revealed a different pattern between HIV-patients and controls. The diminished expression of TP53 and SERPINE1 in HIV-patients was also observed at a protein level, and the correlation between the two proteins (p53 and PAI1) in patients and controls showed the opposite trend. In conclusion, HIV-patients show dysregulation of p53 and p53-related mediators, a phenomenon which may be of pathophysiological relevance and could be related to the shorter health- and/or life-span observed in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Gruevska
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Valencia, Spain
| | - Angela B Moragrega
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria J Galindo
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas - Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan V Esplugues
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Spain
| | - Ana Blas-Garcia
- FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Spain.
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11
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Pereira GLDC, Almeida TC, Seibert JB, Amparo TR, Soares RDDOA, Rodrigues IV, Bianco de Souza GH, Dos Santos ODH, da Silva GN. Antitumor effect of Cymbopogon densiflorus (Linneu) essential oil in bladder cancer cells. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5238-5242. [PMID: 32241181 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1747453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the antitumor effect of the Cymbopogon densiflorus essential oil in silico and in vitro on bladder cancer cells RT4 and T24, with different TP53 status. The oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and the gas chromatography coupled to the mass spectrometry was used for characterisation. In silico analysis was carried out by Pass online software. Cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and wound healing assays were performed. Five major compounds were identified. In silico analysis showed that major compounds present high potential for antitumor activities. The treatment with C. densiflorus essential oil reduced cell viability of bladder cancer cells. Only in wild-type cells, the increase of apoptosis rates and the decrease of cell migration were observed. In conclusion, the C. densiflorus essential oil presents antitumor effects on TP53 wild-type and mutated bladder cancer cells, however, the mechanism of action is TP53 status-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamires Cunha Almeida
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Janaina Brandão Seibert
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia (BIOTEC), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Roquete Amparo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gustavo Henrique Bianco de Souza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia (BIOTEC), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Orlando David Henrique Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia (BIOTEC), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glenda Nicioli da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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12
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Barros TMB, Lima APB, Almeida TC, da Silva GN. Inhibition of urinary bladder cancer cell proliferation by silibinin. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2020; 61:445-455. [PMID: 32078183 DOI: 10.1002/em.22363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Silibinin, a natural compound extracted from milk thistle, has demonstrated antitumor properties in urinary bladder cancer cells; however, the role of TP53 gene in these effects is unclear. In order to better understand the molecular and antiproliferative mechanisms of this compound, urinary bladder cancer cells with different TP53 gene status, RT4 (low-grade tumor, wild TP53 gene), 5637 (high-grade tumor, Grade 2, mutated TP53 gene), and T24 (high-grade tumor, Grade 3, mutated TP53 gene) were treated with several concentrations of silibinin (1, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 150 μM). Cytotoxicity, prooxidant effect, morphological changes, cell migration, cell cycle progression, global methylation profile, and relative expression of HOXB3, c-MYC, PLK1, SMAD4, SRC, HAT, HDAC, and RASSF1A genes were evaluated. The silibinin presented cytotoxic and prooxidant effects in the three cell lines. In mutated TP53 cells, significant interference in cell migration and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase was observed. Additionally, silibinin induced global DNA hypomethylation in the highest grade tumor cells. For wild-type TP53 cells, a sub-G1 apoptotic population was present. Furthermore, there was modulation of gene expression responsible for cell growth (SMAD and c-MYC), migration (SRC), cell cycle kinetics (PLK1), angiogenesis (HOXB3), and of genes associated with epigenetic events such as DNA acetylation (HAT) and deacetylation (HDAC). In conclusion, the silibinin inhibited the urinary bladder tumor cell proliferation independently of TP53 status; however, cell cycle effects, gene expression changes, and alteration of cell migration are dependent on TP53 status. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane M B Barros
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana P B Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tamires C Almeida
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glenda N da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Biológicas (CBIOL), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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13
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Stefan-van Staden RI, Ilie-Mihai RM, Pogacean F, Pruneanu SM. Needle stochastic sensors for on-site fast recognition and quantification of biomarkers for gastric cancer in biological samples. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03847d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N-Doped graphenes recognised CA19-9, CEA, and p53 in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB
- National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter
- 060021 Bucharest-6
- Romania
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science
| | - Ruxandra-Maria Ilie-Mihai
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB
- National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter
- 060021 Bucharest-6
- Romania
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science
| | - Florina Pogacean
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies
- Cluj-Napoca
- Romania
| | - Stela Maria Pruneanu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies
- Cluj-Napoca
- Romania
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14
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Navalkar A, Ghosh S, Pandey S, Paul A, Datta D, Maji SK. Prion-like p53 Amyloids in Cancer. Biochemistry 2019; 59:146-155. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ambuja Navalkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Saikat Ghosh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Satyaprakash Pandey
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Ajoy Paul
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Debalina Datta
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Samir K. Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
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15
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Almeida TC, Guerra CCC, De Assis BLG, de Oliveira Aguiar Soares RD, Garcia CCM, Lima AA, da Silva GN. Antiproliferative and toxicogenomic effects of resveratrol in bladder cancer cells with different TP53 status. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2019; 60:740-751. [PMID: 31095781 DOI: 10.1002/em.22297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The antitumor activity of resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found mainly in grapes, has been studied in several types of cancer. In bladder cancer, its antiproliferative effects have already been demonstrated; however, its mechanism of action is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate resveratrol antitumor activity (12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μM) and its possible mechanisms of action in bladder tumor cells with different TP53 gene status (RT4, grade 1, TP53 wild type; 5637-grade 2 and T24-grade 3, TP53 mutated). Cell proliferation, clonogenic survival, morphological changes, cell cycle progression, apoptosis rates, genotoxicity, global methylation, immunocytochemistry for p53 and PCNA and relative expression profiles of the AKT, mTOR, RASSF1A, HOXB3, SRC, PLK1, and DNMT1 were evaluated. Resveratrol decreased cell proliferation and induced DNA damage in all cell lines. Regarding the long-term effects, resveratrol reduced the number of colonies in all cell lines; however, TP53 wild type cells were more resistant. Increased rates of apoptosis were found in the TP53 wild type cells and this was accompanied by AKT, mTOR, and SRC downregulation. In addition, the resveratrol antiproliferative effects in wild type TP53 cells were accompanied by modulation of the DNMT1 gene. In the TP53 mutated cells, cell cycle arrest at S phase with PLK1 downregulation was observed. Additionally, there was modulation of the HOXB3/RASSF1A pathway and nuclear PCNA reduction in the highest-grade cells. In conclusion, resveratrol has antiproliferative activity in bladder tumor cells; however, the mechanisms of action are dependent on TP53 status. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 60:740-751, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires Cunha Almeida
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila Chaves Coelho Guerra
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DECBI), Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Carriao Machado Garcia
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DECBI), Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (CBIOL), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Angélica Alves Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glenda Nicioli da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (CBIOL), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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16
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Wang R, Jiang X, Bao P, Qin M, Xu J. Circadian control of stress granules by oscillating EIF2α. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:215. [PMID: 30833545 PMCID: PMC6399301 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stress granule formation is important for stress response in normal cells and could lead to chemotherapy resistance in cancer cells. Aberrant stress granule dynamics are also known to disrupt proteostasis, affect RNA metabolism, and contribute to neuronal cell death. Meanwhile, circadian abnormality is an aging-related risk factor for cancer and neurodegeneration. Whether stress granule dynamics are circadian regulated is entirely unknown. Here we show that the formation of stress granules varied by zeitgeber time in mouse liver. Moreover, altering circadian regulation by silencing the core circadian gene Bmal1 in a cell line expressing an endogenous GFP-tagged G3BP1 significantly increased stress granule dynamics, while the overexpression of Bmal1 decreased them. Surprisingly, increased stress granule dynamics and formation by transient decrease of BMAL1 coincided with increased resistance to stress-induced cell death. The circadian regulation of stress granules was mediated by oscillating eIF2α expression. At zeitgeber time when BMAL1 and eIF2α were at nadir, reduction of unphosphorylated eIF2α could significantly alter the ratio of phosphorylated/total eIF2α and quickly lead to increased formation of stress granules. Therefore, diurnal oscillating eIF2α connects the circadian cue to a cellular stress response mechanism that is vital for both neurodegeneration and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Puhua Bao
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Meiling Qin
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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17
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Marbaniang C, Kma L. Dysregulation of Glucose Metabolism by Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressors in Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2377-2390. [PMID: 30255690 PMCID: PMC6249467 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.9.2377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers are complex diseases having several unique features, commonly described as ‘hallmarks of cancer’. Among them, altered signaling pathways are the common characteristic features that drive cancer progression; this is achieved due to mutations that lead to the activation of growth promoting(s) oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressors. As a result of which, cancer cells increase their glycolytic rate by consuming a large amount of glucose, and convert a majority of glucose to lactate even in the presence of oxygen known as the “Warburg effect”. Tumor cells like other cells are strictly dependent on energy for growth and survival; therefore, understanding energy metabolism will give us an idea to develop new effective anti-cancer therapies that target cancer energy production pathways. This review summarizes the roles of tumor suppressors and oncogenes and their products that provide metabolic advantages to cancer cells which in turn leads to the establishment of the “Warburg effect” and ultimately leads to cancer progression. Understanding cancer cell’s vulnerability will provide potential targets for its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casterland Marbaniang
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer and Radiation Countermeasures Unit,North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
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18
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He L, Zhu H, Zhou S, Wu T, Wu H, Yang H, Mao H, SekharKathera C, Janardhan A, Edick AM, Zhang A, Hu Z, Pan F, Guo Z. Wnt pathway is involved in 5-FU drug resistance of colorectal cancer cells. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-12. [PMID: 30111797 PMCID: PMC6093888 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is widely used in the treatment of cancers, but its antineoplastic activity is limited in drug-resistant cancer cells. To investigate the detailed mechanism of 5-FU resistance, we developed a model of 5-FU-resistant cells from HCT-8 cells, a well-established colorectal cancer cell line. We found that the drug-resistant cells demonstrated high expression of TCF4 and β-catenin, indicating an upregulated Wnt pathway. A microarray analysis revealed that the suppression of the checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) pathway explained the resistance to 5-FU, especially in p53 wild-type cancer cells such as HCT-8. Our data also demonstrated that the CHK1 pathway is suppressed by the Wnt pathway in 5-FU-resistant cells. In summary, we have discovered a novel mechanism for 5-FU resistance mediated by histone deacetylation, which also revealed the crosstalk between the Wnt pathway and CHK1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shiying Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huiwen Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chandra SekharKathera
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Avilala Janardhan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ashlin M Edick
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Zhang
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Feiyan Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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19
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Choi TG, Nguyen MN, Kim J, Jo YH, Jang M, Nguyen NNY, Yun HR, Choe W, Kang I, Ha J, Tang DG, Kim SS. Cyclophilin B induces chemoresistance by degrading wild-type p53 via interaction with MDM2 in colorectal cancer. J Pathol 2018; 246:115-126. [PMID: 29876924 DOI: 10.1002/path.5107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemoresistance is a major problem for effective therapy in CRC. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which peptidylprolyl isomerase B (PPIB; cyclophilin B, CypB) regulates chemoresistance in CRC. We found that CypB is a novel wild-type p53 (p53WT)-inducible gene but a negative regulator of p53WT in response to oxaliplatin treatment. Overexpression of CypB shortens the half-life of p53WT and inhibits oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis in CRC cells, whereas knockdown of CypB lengthens the half-life of p53WT and stimulates p53WT-dependent apoptosis. CypB interacts directly with MDM2, and enhances MDM2-dependent p53WT ubiquitination and degradation. Furthermore, we firmly validated, using bioinformatics analyses, that overexpression of CypB is associated with poor prognosis in CRC progression and chemoresistance. Hence, we suggest a novel mechanism of chemoresistance caused by overexpressed CypB, which may help to develop new anti-cancer drugs. We also propose that CypB may be utilized as a predictive biomarker in CRC patients. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minh Nam Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hwa Jo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miran Jang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Ngo Yen Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Rok Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchae Choe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Inhibition of autophagy enhances DENSpm-induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cells in a p53 independent manner. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:297-317. [PMID: 29492901 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE One of the recently developed polyamine (PA) analogues, N 1 ,N11-diethylnorspermine (DENSpm), has been found to act as an apoptotic inducer in melanoma, breast, prostate and colon cancer cells. Also, its potential to induce autophagy has been established. Unfolded protein responses and starvation of amino acids are known to trigger autophagy. As yet, however, the molecular mechanism underlying PA deficiency-induced autophagy is not fully clarified. Here, we aimed to determine the apoptotic effect of DENSpm after autophagy inhibition by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or siRNA-mediated Beclin-1 silencing in colon cancer cells. METHODS The apoptotic effects of DENSpm after 3-MA treatment or Beclin-1 silencing were determined by PI and AnnexinV/PI staining in conjunction with flow cytometry. Intracellular PA levels were measured by HPLC, whereas autophagy and the expression profiles of PA key players were determined in HCT116, SW480 and HT29 colon cancer cells by Western blotting. RESULTS We found that DENSpm-induced autophagy was inhibited by 3-MA treatment and Beclin-1 silencing, and that apoptotic cell death was increased by PA depletion and spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) upregulation. We also found that autophagy inhibition led to DENSpm-induced apoptosis through Atg5 down-regulation, p62 degradation and LC3 lipidation in both HCT116 and SW480 cells. p53 deficiency did not alter the response of the colon cancer cells to DENSpm-induced apoptotic cell death under autophagy suppression conditions. CONCLUSIONS From our results we conclude that DENSpm-induced apoptotic cell death is increased when autophagy is inhibited by 3-MA or Beclin-1 siRNA through PA depletion and PA catabolic activation in colon cancer cells, regardless p53 mutation status.
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21
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Zhang Y, Li D, Wang Z, Zang W, Rao P, Liang Y, Mei Y. Alpha-terpineol affects synthesis and antitumor activity of triterpenoids fromAntrodia cinnamomeamycelia in solid-state culture. Food Funct 2018; 9:6517-6525. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02079e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To enhance production ofAntrodia cinnamomeatriterpenoids (ACTs) from mycelia in solid-state culture, α-terpineol was added to the medium as an elicitor at an optimal concentration of 0.05 mL L−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Diying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Wanting Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Pan Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Yunxiang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Yuxia Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
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22
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Park JE, Jang YL, Jang CY. The tobacco carcinogen NNK disturbs mitotic chromosome alignment by interrupting p53 targeting to the centrosome. Toxicol Lett 2017; 281:110-118. [PMID: 28964810 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is the most potent risk factor among tobacco-related carcinogens in lung cancer progression and outcomes. Although genetic mutations and chromosome instability have been detected in NNK-induced lung tumors, the oncogenic mechanisms of NNK are not fully understood. Here, we show that NNK increases chromosomal instability by disrupting spindle microtubule (MT) attachment to the kinetochore (KT) and spindle dynamics. Mechanistically, NNK blocks the targeting of p53 to the centrosome during mitosis, leading to chromosome alignment defects in metaphase. Therefore, lung cancer cells with wild-type p53, such as A594 and H226B, are more resistant to the NNK treatment than p53-mutant lung cancer cells, such as A1299 and H226Br. Although NNK does not affect the levels or transcriptional activity of p53, the reduction of the p53 level at the centrosome exacerbates the NNK-induced chromosome alignment defect in A549 and H226B cells. Therefore, p53 protects against NNK-induced chromosome instability by modulating the function of centrosome-localized p53 and not by modulating transcriptional activity. We conclude that NNK may increase the risk of lung cancer progression and poorer outcomes in patients with p53 mutations by perturbing proper mitotic progression and chromosome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Park
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Lim Jang
- Soongeui Girls' High School, Seoul 06944, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Young Jang
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Craveiro M, Cretenet G, Mongellaz C, Matias MI, Caron O, de Lima MCP, Zimmermann VS, Solary E, Dardalhon V, Dulić V, Taylor N. Resveratrol stimulates the metabolic reprogramming of human CD4 + T cells to enhance effector function. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/501/eaal3024. [PMID: 29042482 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aal3024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The polyphenol resveratrol activates the deacetylase Sirt1, resulting in various antioxidant, chemoprotectant, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties. We found that at high concentrations of resveratrol, human CD4+ T cells showed defective antigen receptor signaling and arrest at the G1 stage of the cell cycle, whereas at low concentrations, cells were readily activated and exhibited enhanced Sirt1 deacetylase activity. Nevertheless, low-dose resveratrol rapidly stimulated genotoxic stress in the T cells, which resulted in engagement of a DNA damage response pathway that depended on the kinase ATR [ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and Rad3-related], but not ATM, and subsequently in premitotic cell cycle arrest. The concomitant activation of p53 was coupled to the expression of gene products that regulate cell metabolism, leading to a metabolic reprogramming that was characterized by decreased glycolysis, increased glutamine consumption, and a shift to oxidative phosphorylation. These alterations in the bioenergetic homeostasis of CD4+ T cells resulted in enhanced effector function, with both naïve and memory CD4+ T cells secreting increased amounts of the inflammatory cytokine interferon-γ. Thus, our data highlight the wide range of metabolic adaptations that CD4+ T lymphocytes undergo in response to genomic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Craveiro
- IGMM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Maria I Matias
- IGMM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Caron
- INSERM U1170, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | | | - Eric Solary
- INSERM U1170, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | | | - Naomi Taylor
- IGMM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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24
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Khaodee W, Inboot N, Udomsom S, Kumsaiyai W, Cressey R. Glucosidase II beta subunit (GluIIβ) plays a role in autophagy and apoptosis regulation in lung carcinoma cells in a p53-dependent manner. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 40:579-591. [PMID: 28929344 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Glucosidase II plays a major role in regulating the post-translational modification of N-linked glycoproteins. Previously, we found that the beta subunit of glucosidase II (GluIIβ) levels are significantly increased in lung carcinoma tissues, indicating a potential role in lung tumorigenesis. Here, we investigated the role of GluIIβ in the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis in lung carcinoma- and immortalized human bronchial epithelial-derived cells. METHODS A selective glucosidase II inhibitor, bromoconduritol, was used to inhibit GluII enzyme activity and a siRNA-based technology was used to suppress the expression of the GluIIβ encoding gene PRKCSH in lung carcinoma cells differing in p53 status. Cell viability was assessed using a MTT assay, cell cycle progression was assessed using flow cytometry, autophagy was assessed using Western blotting and apoptosis was assessed using an annexin V-FITC/PI double labeling method. RESULTS We found that GluIIβ inhibition resulted in the induction of autophagy in all cell lines tested, but apoptosis in only wild-type p53 cells. We also found that GluIIβ inhibition dose-dependently decreased activation of the EGFR/RTK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Although the apoptosis inducing effect of GluIIβ inhibition appeared to be p53-dependent, we found that a combined treatment with lysosomal inhibitors to block autophagy enhanced the apoptotic effect of GluIIβ inhibition in both wild-type p53 and p53-null cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that GluIIβ inhibition results in autophagy and apoptosis in lung carcinoma-derived cells, supporting the hypothesis that this enzyme may play a role in blocking these two tumor suppressive processes. Since blocking autophagy by lysosomal inhibitors enhanced the apoptosis-inducing effect of bromoconduritol, independent of p53 status, their combined use may hold promise for the treatment of cancer, particularly lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worapong Khaodee
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nichanan Inboot
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Suruk Udomsom
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Biomedical Engineering Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Warunee Kumsaiyai
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Ratchada Cressey
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. .,MT Cancer Research Unit, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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25
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Zhou R, Xu A, Gingold J, Strong LC, Zhao R, Lee DF. Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Disease Model: A Platform to Develop Precision Cancer Therapy Targeting Oncogenic p53. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 38:908-927. [PMID: 28818333 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a rare hereditary autosomal dominant cancer disorder. Germline mutations in TP53, the gene encoding p53, are responsible for most cases of LFS. TP53 is also the most commonly mutated gene in human cancers. Because inhibition of mutant p53 is considered to be a promising therapeutic strategy to treat these diseases, LFS provides a perfect genetic model to study p53 mutation-associated malignancies as well as to screen potential compounds targeting oncogenic p53. In this review we briefly summarize the biology of LFS and current understanding of the oncogenic functions of mutant p53 in cancer development. We discuss the strengths and limitations of current LFS disease models, and touch on existing compounds targeting oncogenic p53 and in vitro clinical trials to develop new ones. Finally, we discuss how recently developed methodologies can be integrated into the LFS induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) platform to develop precision cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoji Zhou
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - An Xu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Julian Gingold
- Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Louise C Strong
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ruiying Zhao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Dung-Fang Lee
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics and School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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26
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Regulation of Metabolic Activity by p53. Metabolites 2017; 7:metabo7020021. [PMID: 28531108 PMCID: PMC5487992 DOI: 10.3390/metabo7020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells is controlled by the activation of multiple oncogenic signalling pathways in order to promote macromolecule biosynthesis during rapid proliferation. Cancer cells also need to adapt their metabolism to survive and multiply under the metabolically compromised conditions provided by the tumour microenvironment. The tumour suppressor p53 interacts with the metabolic network at multiple nodes, mostly to reduce anabolic metabolism and promote preservation of cellular energy under conditions of nutrient restriction. Inactivation of this tumour suppressor by deletion or mutation is a frequent event in human cancer. While loss of p53 function lifts an important barrier to cancer development by deleting cell cycle and apoptosis checkpoints, it also removes a crucial regulatory mechanism and can render cancer cells highly sensitive to metabolic perturbation. In this review, we will summarise the major concepts of metabolic regulation by p53 and explore how this knowledge can be used to selectively target p53 deficient cancer cells in the context of the tumour microenvironment.
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27
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Crocetin exploits p53-induced death domain (PIDD) and FAS-associated death domain (FADD) proteins to induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32979. [PMID: 27622714 PMCID: PMC5020693 DOI: 10.1038/srep32979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 preserves the genomic integrity by restricting anomaly at the gene level. The hotspots for mutation in half of all colon cancers reside in p53. Hence, in a p53-mutated cellular milieu targeting cancer cells may be achievable by targeting the paralogue(s) of p53. Here we have shown the effectiveness of crocetin, a dietary component, in inducing apoptosis of colon cancer cells with varying p53 status. In wild-type p53-expressing cancer cells, p53 in one hand transactivates BAX and in parallel up-regulates p53-induced death domain protein (PIDD) that in turn cleaves and activates BID through caspase-2. Both BAX and t-BID converge at mitochondria to alter the transmembrane potential thereby leading to caspase-9 and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis. In contrast, in functional p53-impaired cells, this phytochemical exploits p53-paralogue p73, which up-regulates FAS to cleave BID through FAS-FADD-caspase-8-pathway. These findings not only underline the phenomenon of functional switch-over from p53 to p73 in p53-impaired condition, but also validate p73 as a promising and potential target for cancer therapy in absence of functional p53.
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28
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Kim S, Lee JH, Kang I, Hyun S, Yu J, Shin C. An Amphiphilic Peptide Induces Apoptosis Through the miR29b-p53 Pathway in Cancer Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 5:e330. [PMID: 27377134 PMCID: PMC5014530 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2016.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Peptides have been in the limelight, as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment through various applications due to their high target selectivity and exceptional ability to penetrate the cell membrane. Recent studies have revealed that synthesized peptides bind to hairpin structures of RNA that affect their activities such as changing the efficacy of microRNA maturation. MicroRNA-mediated p53 activation by the microRNA-29 (miR29) family is one of the most important regulatory pathways in cancer therapeutics. By targeting the suppressors of p53, a tumor suppressor protein, miR29 induces apoptosis of cancer cells through p53 stabilization. Here, we identify a novel synthesized amphiphilic peptide, LK-L1C/K6W/L8C, which enhances expression of miR29b and promotes p53 activity. In the presence of LK-L1C/K6W/L8C, pre-miR29b preferentially forms a complex with the Dicer protein through interaction of LK-L1C/K6W/L8C with the terminal loop region of pre-miR29b, leading to an increase in Dicer processing. Furthermore, LK-L1C/K6W/L8C stimulates apoptosis by improving p53 stability in miR29-inducible HeLa and MCF7 cells. Collectively, our study shows that a peptide can directly influence the miR29b-mediated p53 activation pathway in cancer cells. Therefore, our findings provide the basis for a new, potentially promising peptide-based drug for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Lee
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Igojo Kang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonsil Hyun
- Department of Chemistry and Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanseok Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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29
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Aoki S, Ariyasu S, Hanaya K, Hisamatsu Y, Sugai T. Chemical Reactions of 8-Quinolinol Derivatives and Their Applications to Biochemical Tools and Enzyme Inhibitors. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2016. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.74.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Aoki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Shinya Ariyasu
- School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University
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30
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p53 regulates the mevalonate pathway in human glioblastoma multiforme. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1909. [PMID: 26469958 PMCID: PMC4632304 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The mevalonate (MVA) pathway is an important metabolic pathway implicated in multiple aspects of tumorigenesis. In this study, we provided evidence that p53 induces the expression of a group of enzymes of the MVA pathway including 3′-hydroxy-3′-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, MVA kinase, farnesyl diphosphate synthase and farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase 1, in the human glioblastoma multiforme cell line, U343 cells, and in normal human astrocytes, NHAs. Genetic and pharmacologic perturbation of p53 directly influences the expression of these genes. Furthermore, p53 is recruited to the gene promoters in designated p53-responsive elements, thereby increasing their transcription. Such effect was abolished by site-directed mutagenesis in the p53-responsive element of promoter of the genes. These findings highlight another aspect of p53 functions unrelated to tumor suppression and suggest p53 as a novel regulator of the MVA pathway providing insight into the role of this pathway in cancer progression.
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31
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Minuti A, Zhou Z, Graugnard DE, Rodriguez-Zas SL, Palladino AR, Cardoso FC, Trevisi E, Loor JJ. Acute mammary and liver transcriptome responses after an intramammary Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide challenge in postpartal dairy cows. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/4/e12388. [PMID: 25921778 PMCID: PMC4425984 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the effect of an intramammary lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on the bovine mammary and liver transcriptome and its consequences on metabolic biomarkers and liver tissue composition. At 7 days of lactation, 7 cows served as controls (CTR) and 7 cows (LPS) received an intramammary Escherichia coli LPS challenge. The mammary and liver tissues for transcriptomic profiling were biopsied at 2.5 h from challenge. Liver composition was evaluated at 2.5 h and 7 days after challenge, and blood biomarkers were analyzed at 2, 3, 7 and 14 days from challenge. In mammary tissue, the LPS challenge resulted in 189 differentially expressed genes (DEG), with 20 down-regulated and 169 up-regulated. In liver tissue, there were 107 DEG in LPS compared with CTR with 42 down-regulated and 65 up-regulated. In mammary, bioinformatics analysis highlighted that LPS led to activation of NOD-like receptor signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, RIG-I-like receptor signaling and apoptosis pathways. In liver, LPS resulted in an overall inhibition of fatty acid elongation in mitochondria and activation of the p53 signaling pathway. The LPS challenge induced changes in liver lipid composition, a systemic inflammation (rise of blood ceruloplasmin and bilirubin), and an increase in body fat mobilization. The data suggest that cells within the inflamed mammary gland respond by activating mechanisms of pathogen recognition. However, in the liver the response likely depends on mediators originating from the udder that affect liver functionality and specifically fatty acid metabolism (β-oxidation, ketogenesis, and lipoprotein synthesis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Minuti
- Istituto di Zootecnica Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie Alimentari e Ambientali Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Daniel E Graugnard
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Sandra L Rodriguez-Zas
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | | | - Felipe C Cardoso
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Istituto di Zootecnica Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie Alimentari e Ambientali Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
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32
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Asada H, Tomiyasu H, Goto-Koshino Y, Fujino Y, Ohno K, Tsujimoto H. Evaluation of the drug sensitivity and expression of 16 drug resistance-related genes in canine histiocytic sarcoma cell lines. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:677-84. [PMID: 25715778 PMCID: PMC4488404 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an aggressive tumor type originating from histiocytic
cell lineages. This disease is characterized by poor response to chemotherapy and short
survival time. Therefore, it is of critical importance to identify and develop effective
antitumor drugs against HS. The objectives of this study were to examine the drug
sensitivities of 10 antitumor drugs. Using a real-time RT-PCR system, the mRNA expression
levels of 16 genes related to drug resistance in 4 canine HS cell lines established from
dogs with disseminated HS were determined and compared to 2 canine lymphoma cell lines
(B-cell and T-cell). These 4 canine HS cell lines showed sensitivities toward microtubule
inhibitors (vincristine, vinblastine and paclitaxel), comparable to those in the canine
B-cell lymphoma cell line. Moreover, it was shown that P-gp in the HS cell lines used in
this study did not have enough function to efflux its substrate. Sensitivities to
melphalan, nimustine, methotrexate, cytarabine, doxorubicin and etoposide were lower in
the 4 HS cell lines than in the 2 canine lymphoma cell lines. The data obtained in this
study using cultured cell lines could prove helpful in the developing of advanced and
effective chemotherapies for treating dogs that are suffering from HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Asada
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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33
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Analysis of p53 transactivation domain mutants reveals Acad11 as a metabolic target important for p53 pro-survival function. Cell Rep 2015; 10:1096-109. [PMID: 25704813 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor plays a key role in maintaining cellular integrity. In response to diverse stress signals, p53 can trigger apoptosis to eliminate damaged cells or cell-cycle arrest to enable cells to cope with stress and survive. However, the transcriptional networks underlying p53 pro-survival function are incompletely understood. Here, we show that in oncogenic-Ras-expressing cells, p53 promotes oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and cell survival upon glucose starvation. Analysis of p53 transcriptional activation domain mutants reveals that these responses depend on p53 transactivation function. Using gene expression profiling and ChIP-seq analysis, we identify several p53-inducible fatty acid metabolism-related genes. One such gene, Acad11, encoding a protein involved in fatty acid oxidation, is required for efficient OXPHOS and cell survival upon glucose starvation. This study provides new mechanistic insight into the pro-survival function of p53 and suggests that targeting this pathway may provide a strategy for therapeutic intervention based on metabolic perturbation.
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34
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In silico assay development for screening of tetracyclic triterpenoids as anticancer agents against human breast cancer cell line MCF7. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111049. [PMID: 25365399 PMCID: PMC4218838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental activity of a compound on cancer cell line/target is mostly analyzed in the form of percentage inhibition at different concentration gradient and time of incubation. In this study a statistical model has been developed referred as in silico assay using support vector regression model, which can act with change in concentration gradient and time of incubation. This model is a function of concentration gradient, treatment hour and independent components; which calculate the percentage inhibition in combination of above three components. This model is designed to screen tetracyclic triterpenoids active against human breast cancer cell line MCF7. The model has been statistically validated, checked for applicability domain and predicted results were reconfirmed by MTT assay, for example Oenotheranstrol derivatives, OenA & B. Computational SAR, target and docking studies were performed to understand the cytotoxic mechanism of action of Oenotheranstrol compounds. The proposed in silico assay model will work for specific chemical family for which it will be optimized. This model can be used to analyze growth kinetics pattern on different human cancer cell lines for designed compounds.
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35
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Lack of functional p53 renders DENSpm-induced autophagy and apoptosis in time dependent manner in colon cancer cells. Amino Acids 2014; 47:87-100. [PMID: 25311224 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs), such as putrescine, spermidine and spermine, are alkyl-amines that are essential for cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and cancer progression in eukaryotic cells. A designed PA analogue; DENSpm, induces cell cycle arrest, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in melanoma, breast, prostate, lung and colon cancer cells. Although the mechanism by which DENSpm induces apoptosis has been examined, the effect of DENSpm on autophagy has not been investigated yet. Therefore, in this study, our objective was to determine the role of p53 in the DENSpm-induced autophagy/apoptotic regulation in a time-dependent manner in colon cancer cells. Exposure of HCT 116 colon cancer cells to DENSpm decreased cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. However, the p53 mutant, SW480, and deficient HCT 116 p53(-/-) cells were more resistant to DENSpm treatment compared to HCT 116 p53(+/+) cells. The resistant profile caused by p53 defect also caused a cell type-specific response to PA pool depletion and SSAT overexpression. In addition to PA depletion, DENSpm induced apoptosis by activating the mitochondria-mediated pathway in a caspase-dependent manner regardless of p53 expression in colon cancer cells. Concomitantly, we determined that DENSpm also affected autophagy in HCT 116 p53(+/+), SW480 and HCT 116 p53(-/-) colon cancer cells for different periods of exposure to DENSpm. Therefore, this study revealed that effect of DENSpm on cell death differs due to p53 protein expression profile. In addition, DENSpm-induced autophagy may be critical in drug resistance in colon cancer cells.
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36
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Design and synthesis of 8-hydroxyquinoline-based radioprotective agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3891-905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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37
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Yadav N, Chandra D. Mitochondrial and postmitochondrial survival signaling in cancer. Mitochondrion 2013; 16:18-25. [PMID: 24333692 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, however, the molecular mechanisms of resistance to therapy remain unclear. Cellular survival machinery protects mitochondrial integrity against endogenous or exogenous stresses. Prodeath molecules orchestrate around mitochondria to initiate and execute cell death in cancer, and also play an underappreciated role in survival of cancer cells. Prosurvival mechanisms can operate at mitochondrial and postmitochondrial levels to attenuate core apoptotic death program. It is intriguing to explore how prosurvival and prodeath molecules crosstalk to regulate mitochondrial functions leading to increased cancer cell survival. This review describes some putative survival mechanisms at mitochondria, which may play a role in designing effective agents for cancer prevention and therapy. These survival pathways may also have significance in understanding other human pathophysiological conditions including diabetes, cardiovascular, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelu Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Dhyan Chandra
- Department of Pharmacology Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States.
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Abstract
Tumor suppressors are so named because cancers occur in their absence, but these genes also have important functions in development, metabolism and tissue homeostasis. Here, we discuss known and potential functions of tumor suppressor genes during tissue regeneration, focusing on the evolutionarily conserved tumor suppressors pRb1, p53, Pten and Hippo. We propose that their activity is essential for tissue regeneration. This is in contrast to suggestions that tumor suppression is a trade-off for regenerative capacity. We also hypothesize that certain aspects of tumor suppressor pathways inhibit regenerative processes in mammals, and that transient targeted modification of these pathways could be fruitfully exploited to enhance processes that are important to regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason H Pomerantz
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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39
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van Gijn DR, Tucker AS, Cobourne MT. Craniofacial development: current concepts in the molecular basis of Treacher Collins syndrome. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013; 51:384-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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40
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Martin S, Janouskova H, Dontenwill M. Integrins and p53 pathways in glioblastoma resistance to temozolomide. Front Oncol 2012; 2:157. [PMID: 23120745 PMCID: PMC3484330 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Surgical resection, postoperative radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) is the standard of care for newly diagnosed glioblastoma. In the past decade, efforts have been made to decipher genomic and core pathway alterations to identify clinically relevant glioblastoma subtypes. Based on these studies and more academic explorations, new potential therapeutic targets were found and several targeting agents were developed. Such molecules should hopefully overcome the resistance of glioblastoma to the current therapy. One of the hallmarks of glioblastoma subtypes was the enrichment of extracellular matrix/invasion-related genes. Integrins, which are cell adhesion molecules important in glioma cell migration/invasion and angiogenesis were one of those genes. Integrins seem to be pertinent therapeutic targets and antagonists recently reached the clinic. Although the p53 pathway appears often altered in glioblastoma, conflicting results can be found in the literature about the clinically relevant impact of the p53 status in the resistance to TMZ. Here, we will summarize the current knowledge on (1) integrin expression, (2) p53 status, and (3) relationship between integrins and p53 to discuss their potential impact on the resistance of glioblastoma to temozolomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Martin
- Laboratory of Biophotonics and Pharmacology, UMR 7213 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg Illkirch, France
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41
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Abstract
There is now strong evidence that mutation not only abrogates p53 tumor-suppressive functions, but in some instances can also endow mutant proteins with novel activities. Such neomorphic p53 proteins are capable of dramatically altering tumor cell behavior, primarily through their interactions with other cellular proteins and regulation of cancer cell transcriptional programs. Different missense mutations in p53 may confer unique activities and thereby offer insight into the mutagenic events that drive tumor progression. Here we review mechanisms by which mutant p53 exerts its cellular effects, with a particular focus on the burgeoning mutant p53 transcriptome, and discuss the biological and clinical consequences of mutant p53 gain of function.
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Freed-Pastor WA, Mizuno H, Zhao X, Langerød A, Moon SH, Rodriguez-Barrueco R, Barsotti A, Chicas A, Li W, Polotskaia A, Bissell MJ, Osborne TF, Tian B, Lowe SW, Silva JM, Børresen-Dale AL, Levine AJ, Bargonetti J, Prives C. Mutant p53 disrupts mammary tissue architecture via the mevalonate pathway. Cell 2012; 148:244-58. [PMID: 22265415 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 672] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
p53 is a frequent target for mutation in human tumors, and mutant p53 proteins can actively contribute to tumorigenesis. We employed a three-dimensional culture model in which nonmalignant breast epithelial cells form spheroids reminiscent of acinar structures found in vivo, whereas breast cancer cells display highly disorganized morphology. We found that mutant p53 depletion is sufficient to phenotypically revert breast cancer cells to a more acinar-like morphology. Genome-wide expression analysis identified the mevalonate pathway as significantly upregulated by mutant p53. Statins and sterol biosynthesis intermediates reveal that this pathway is both necessary and sufficient for the phenotypic effects of mutant p53 on breast tissue architecture. Mutant p53 associates with sterol gene promoters at least partly via SREBP transcription factors. Finally, p53 mutation correlates with highly expressed sterol biosynthesis genes in human breast tumors. These findings implicate the mevalonate pathway as a therapeutic target for tumors bearing mutations in p53.
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43
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Synthesis of cytochrome C oxidase 2: a p53-dependent metabolic regulator that promotes respiratory function and protects glioma and colon cancer cells from hypoxia-induced cell death. Oncogene 2011; 31:3764-76. [PMID: 22120717 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
P53 has an important role in the processing of starvation signals. P53-dependent molecular mediators of the Warburg effect reduce glucose consumption and promote mitochondrial function. We therefore hypothesized that the retention of wild-type p53 characteristic of primary glioblastomas limits metabolic demands induced by deregulated signal transduction in the presence of hypoxia and nutrient depletion. Here we report that short hairpin RNA-mediated gene suppression of wild-type p53 or ectopic expression of mutant temperature-sensitive dominant-negative p53(V135A) increased glucose consumption and lactate production, decreased oxygen consumption and enhanced hypoxia-induced cell death in p53 wild-type human glioblastoma cells. Similarly, genetic knockout of p53 in HCT116 colon carcinoma cells resulted in reduced respiration and hypersensitivity towards hypoxia-induced cell death. Further, wild-type p53 gene silencing reduced the expression of synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2 (SCO2), an effector necessary for respiratory chain function. An SCO2 transgene reverted the metabolic phenotype and restored resistance towards hypoxia in p53-depleted and p53 mutant glioma cells in a rotenone-sensitive manner, demonstrating that this effect was dependent on intact oxidative phosphorylation. Supplementation with methyl-pyruvate, a mitochondrial substrate, rescued p53 wild-type but not p53 mutant cells from hypoxic cell death, demonstrating a p53-mediated selective aptitude to metabolize mitochondrial substrates. Further, SCO2 gene silencing in p53 wild-type glioma cells sensitized these cells towards hypoxia. Finally, lentiviral gene suppression of SCO2 significantly enhanced tumor necrosis in a subcutaneous HCT116 xenograft tumor model, compatible with impaired energy metabolism in these cells. These findings demonstrate that glioma and colon cancer cells with p53 wild-type status can skew the Warburg effect and thereby reduce their vulnerability towards tumor hypoxia in an SCO2-dependent manner. Targeting SCO2 may therefore represent a valuable strategy to enhance sensitivity towards hypoxia and may complement strategies targeting glucose metabolism.
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Zhao J, Lu Y, Shen HM. Targeting p53 as a therapeutic strategy in sensitizing TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2011; 314:8-23. [PMID: 22030255 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2011] [Revised: 09/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been intensively studied as a cancer therapeutic agent due to its unique ability to induce apoptosis in malignant cells but not in normal cells. However, as more human cancer cells are reported to be resistant to TRAIL treatment, it is important to develop new therapeutic strategies to overcome this resistance. p53 is an important tumor suppressor that is widely involved in cellular responses to various stresses. In this mini-review, we aim to provide an overview of the intricate relationship between p53 and the TRAIL-mediated apoptosis pathway, and to summarize the current approaches of targeting p53 as a therapeutic strategy to sensitize TRAIL-induced apoptosis in human cancer cells. Although in some cases TRAIL kills cancer cells in a p53-independent manner, it is believed that in cancers with wild-type and functional p53, targeting p53 may be an important strategy for overcoming TRAIL-resistance in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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45
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Ma W, Lin Y, Xuan W, Iversen PL, Smith LJ, Benchimol S. Inhibition of p53 expression by peptide-conjugated phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers sensitizes human cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Oncogene 2011; 31:1024-33. [PMID: 21765469 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor gene encodes a transcription factor that is commonly mutated in cancer. Tumors arise when premalignant cells are unable to undergo p53-dependent apoptosis, cell cycle arrest or DNA repair. The p53-signaling pathway affects not only tumor development, but also the response of tumors to chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, we use cell penetrating peptide conjugates of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PPMOs) to inhibit p53 expression. We examine the functional properties of endogenous p53 isoforms that are produced upon PPMO-mediated inhibition of p53 translation and splicing, and report that loss of N-terminal or C-terminal sequences interferes with the transcriptional activity of p53. Importantly, we report that PPMO-mediated inhibition of p53 expression sensitizes human cancer cells with wild-type p53 to chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ma
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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46
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Inhibition of p53 by adenovirus type 12 E1B-55K deregulates cell cycle control and sensitizes tumor cells to genotoxic agents. J Virol 2011; 85:7976-88. [PMID: 21680522 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00492-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus E1B-55K represses p53-mediated transcription. However, the phenotypic consequence of p53 inhibition by E1B-55K for cell cycle regulation and drug sensitivity in tumor cells has not been examined. In HCT116 cells with constitutive E1B-55K expression, the activation of p53 target genes such as the p21, Mdm2, and Puma genes was attenuated, despite markedly elevated p53 protein levels. HCT116 cells with E1B-55K expression displayed a cell cycle profile similar to that of the isogenic HCT116p53(-/-) cells, including unhindered S-phase entry despite DNA damage. Surprisingly, E1B-55K-expressing cells were more sensitive to drug treatment than parental cells. Compared to HCT116 cells, HCT116p53(-/-) cells were more susceptible to both doxorubicin and etoposide, and E1B-55K expression had no effects on drug treatment. E1B-55K expression increased the rate of cell proliferation in HCT116 but not in HCT116p53(-/-) cells. Thus, deregulation of p53-mediated cell cycle control by E1B-55K probably underlies sensitization of HCT116 cells to anticancer drugs. Consistently, E1B-55K expression in A549, A172, and HepG2 cells, all containing wild-type (wt) p53, also enhanced etoposide-induced cytotoxicity, whereas in p53-null H1299 cells, E1B-55K had no effects. We generated several E1B-55K mutants with mutations at positions occupied by the conserved Phe/Trp/His residues. Most of these mutants showed no or reduced binding to p53, although some of them could still stabilize p53, suggesting that binding might not be essential for E1B-55K-induced p53 stabilization. Despite heightened p53 protein levels in cells expressing certain E1B-55K mutants, p53 activity was largely suppressed. Furthermore, most of these E1B-55K mutants could sensitize HCT116 cells to etoposide and doxorubicin. These results indicate that E1B-55K might have utility for enhancing chemotherapy.
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47
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Liu W, Dai Q, Lu N, Wei L, Ha J, Rong J, Mu R, You Q, Li Z, Guo Q. LYG-202 inhibits the proliferation of human colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 cells through induction of G1/S cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via p53 and p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression. Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 89:287-98. [PMID: 21491996 DOI: 10.1139/o10-162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently established that LYG-202, a new flavonoid with a piperazine substitution, exerts an anti-tumor effect in vivo and in vitro. In the present study, we demonstrate that LYG-202 induces G1/S phase arrest and apoptosis in human colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 cells. Data showed that the blockade of the cell cycle was associated with increased p21(WAF1/Cip1) and Rb levels and reduced expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and CDK4. Moreover, PARP cleavage, activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, and an increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were detected in LYG-202-induced apoptosis. Additionally, activation of p53 resulted in the up-regulation of its downstream targets PUMA and p21(WAF1/Cip1), as well as the down-regulation of its negative regulator MDM2, suggesting that the p53 pathway may play a crucial role in LYG-202-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, siRNA knockdown of p53 attenuated the G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by LYG-202, as the effects of LYG-202 on up-regulation of p21(WAF1/Cip1) and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and pro-caspase-3 were partly inhibited in p53 siRNA transfected cells compared with control siRNA transfected cells. Collectively, these data indicate that LYG-202 exerts its anti-tumor potency by activating the p53-p21 pathway for G1/S cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, the People's Republic of China
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Woodward KN. Origins of injection-site sarcomas in cats: the possible role of chronic inflammation-a review. ISRN VETERINARY SCIENCE 2011; 2011:210982. [PMID: 23738095 PMCID: PMC3658838 DOI: 10.5402/2011/210982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of feline injection-site sarcomas remains obscure. Sarcomas and other tumors are known to be associated with viral infections in humans and other animals, including cats. However, the available evidence suggests that this is not the case with feline injection-site sarcomas. These tumors have more in common with sarcomas noted in experimental studies with laboratory animals where foreign materials such as glass, plastics, and metal are the causal agent. Tumors arising with these agents are associated with chronic inflammation at the injection or implantation sites. Similar tumors have been observed, albeit infrequently, at microchip implantation sites, and these also are associated with chronic inflammation. It is suggested that injection-site sarcomas in cats may arise at the administration site as a result of chronic inflammation, possibly provoked by adjuvant materials, with subsequent DNA damage, cellular transformation, and clonal expansion. However, more fundamental research is required to elucidate the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin N. Woodward
- Technology Sciences (Europe) Limited, Concordia House, St James Business Park, Grimbald Crag Court, Knaresborough, North Yorkshire, HG5 8QB, UK
- Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health, Breakspear Road South, Harefield, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB9 6LS, UK
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Unexpected functional similarities between gatekeeper tumour suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes revealed by systems biology. J Hum Genet 2011; 56:369-76. [PMID: 21368766 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2011.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Familial tumor suppressor genes comprise two subgroups: caretaker genes (CTs) that repair DNA, and gatekeeper genes (GKs) that trigger cell death. Since GKs may also induce cell cycle delay and thus enhance cell survival by facilitating DNA repair, we hypothesized that the prosurvival phenotype of GKs could be selected during cancer progression, and we used a multivariable systems biology approach to test this. We performed multidimensional data analysis, non-negative matrix factorization and logistic regression to compare the features of GKs with those of their putative antagonists, the proto-oncogenes (POs), as well as with control groups of CTs and functionally unrelated congenital heart disease genes (HDs). GKs and POs closely resemble each other, but not CTs or HDs, in terms of gene structure (P<0.001), expression level and breadth (P<0.01), DNA methylation signature (P<0.001) and evolutionary rate (P<0.001). The similar selection pressures and epigenetic trajectories of GKs and POs so implied suggest a common functional attribute that is strongly negatively selected-that is, a shared phenotype that enhances cell survival. The counterintuitive finding of similar evolutionary pressures affecting GKs and POs raises an intriguing possibility: namely, that cancer microevolution is accelerated by an epistatic cascade in which upstream suppressor gene defects subvert the normal bifunctionality of wild-type GKs by constitutively shifting the phenotype away from apoptosis towards survival. If correct, this interpretation would explain the hitherto unexplained phenomenon of frequent wild-type GK (for example, p53) overexpression in tumors.
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Kasiappan R, Shih HJ, Wu MH, Choy C, Lin TD, Chen L, Hsu HL. The antagonism between MCT-1 and p53 affects the tumorigenic outcomes. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:311. [PMID: 21138557 PMCID: PMC3019166 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MCT-1 oncoprotein accelerates p53 protein degradation via a proteosome pathway. Synergistic promotion of the xenograft tumorigenicity has been demonstrated in circumstance of p53 loss alongside MCT-1 overexpression. However, the molecular regulation between MCT-1 and p53 in tumor development remains ambiguous. We speculate that MCT-1 may counteract p53 through the diverse mechanisms that determine the tumorigenic outcomes. Results MCT-1 has now identified as a novel target gene of p53 transcriptional regulation. MCT-1 promoter region contains the response elements reactive with wild-type p53 but not mutant p53. Functional p53 suppresses MCT-1 promoter activity and MCT-1 mRNA stability. In a negative feedback regulation, constitutively expressed MCT-1 decreases p53 promoter function and p53 mRNA stability. The apoptotic events are also significantly prevented by oncogenic MCT-1 in a p53-dependent or a p53-independent fashion, according to the genotoxic mechanism. Moreover, oncogenic MCT-1 promotes the tumorigenicity in mice xenografts of p53-null and p53-positive lung cancer cells. In support of the tumor growth are irrepressible by p53 reactivation in vivo, the inhibitors of p53 (MDM2, Pirh2, and Cop1) are constantly stimulated by MCT-1 oncoprotein. Conclusions The oppositions between MCT-1 and p53 are firstly confirmed at multistage processes that include transcription control, mRNA metabolism, and protein expression. MCT-1 oncogenicity can overcome p53 function that persistently advances the tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kasiappan
- Division of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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