1
|
Santos Nascimento IJD, de Aquino TM, da Silva Júnior EF. Computer-Aided Drug Design of Anti-inflammatory Agents Targeting Microsomal Prostaglandin E2 Synthase-1 (mPGES-1). Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:5397-5419. [PMID: 35301943 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220317122948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural process in response to external stimuli associated with organism protection. However, this reaction could be exaggerated, leading to severe damages related to physiopathological processes, such as rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, diabetes, allergies, infections, among others. Inflammation is mainly characterized by pain, increased temperature, flushing, and edema, which can be controlled using anti-inflammatory drugs. In this context, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) inhibition has been targeted for designing new compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. It is a bioactive lipid overproduced during an inflammatory process, in which its increased production is carried out mainly by COX-1, COX-2, and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1). Recently, studies have demonstrated that mPGES-1 inhibition is a safe strategy to develop anti-inflammatory agents, which could protect against pain, acute inflammation, arthritis, autoimmune diseases, and different types of cancers. To decrease production costs and increase the probability of discovering active substances, computer-aided drug design (CADD) approaches have been increasingly used for designing new inhibitors. Thus, this review will cover all aspects involving high-throughput virtual screening, molecular docking, dynamics, fragment-based drug design, quantitative structure-activity relationship in seeking new promising mPGES-1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor José Dos Santos Nascimento
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Research in Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacy, Estácio of Alagoas College, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mendonça de Aquino
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Research in Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Edeildo Ferreira da Silva Júnior
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Research in Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang YY, Yao YD, Luo JF, Liu ZQ, Huang YM, Wu FC, Sun QH, Liu JX, Zhou H. Microsomal prostaglandin E 2 synthase-1 and its inhibitors: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic significance. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:105977. [PMID: 34798265 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is closely linked to the abnormal phospholipid metabolism chain of cyclooxygenase-2/microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1/prostaglandin E2 (COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2). In clinical practice, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as upstream COX-2 enzyme activity inhibitors are widely used to block COX-2 cascade to relieve inflammatory response. However, NSAIDs could also cause cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects due to its inhibition on other prostaglandins generation. To avoid this, targeting downstream mPGES-1 instead of upstream COX is preferable to selectively block overexpressed PGE2 in inflammatory diseases. Some mPGES-1 inhibitor candidates including synthetic compounds, natural products and existing anti-inflammatory drugs have been proved to be effective in in vitro experiments. After 20 years of in-depth research on mPGES-1 and its inhibitors, ISC 27864 have completed phase II clinical trial. In this review, we intend to summarize mPGES-1 inhibitors focused on their inhibitory specificity with perspectives for future drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yu Zhang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Yun-Da Yao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Jin-Fang Luo
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huaxi District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province 550025, PR China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510006, PR China
| | - Yu-Ming Huang
- Hunan Zhengqing Pharmaceutical Company Group Ltd, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Fei-Chi Wu
- Hunan Zhengqing Pharmaceutical Company Group Ltd, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Qin-Hua Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua City, Hunan Province 418000, PR China.
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310053, PR China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510006, PR China; Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province 519000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mechanism of action and potential applications of selective inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1-mediated PGE 2 biosynthesis by sonlicromanol's metabolite KH176m. Sci Rep 2021; 11:880. [PMID: 33441600 PMCID: PMC7806836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79466-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were detected in mitochondrial disease patient cells harboring nuclear gene mutations in structural subunits of complex I, using a metabolomics screening approach. The increased levels of this principal inflammation mediator normalized following exposure of KH176m, an active redox-modulator metabolite of sonlicromanol (KH176). We next demonstrated that KH176m selectively inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced PGE2 production in control skin fibroblasts. Comparable results were obtained in the mouse macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7. KH176m selectively inhibited mPGES-1 activity, as well as the inflammation-induced expression of mPGES-1. Finally, we showed that the effect of KH176m on mPGES-1 expression is due to the inhibition of a PGE2-driven positive feedback control-loop of mPGES-1 transcriptional regulation. Based on the results obtained we discuss potential new therapeutic applications of KH176m and its clinical stage parent drug candidate sonlicromanol in mitochondrial disease and beyond.
Collapse
|
4
|
Bülbül B, Küçükgüzel İ. Microsomal Prostaglandin E2 Synthase-1 as a New Macromolecular Drug Target in the Prevention of Inflammation and Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1205-1222. [PMID: 30827263 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190227174137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the most life-threatening diseases worldwide. Since inflammation is considered to be one of the known characteristics of cancer, the activity of PGE2 has been paired with different tumorigenic steps such as increased tumor cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, increased invasiveness, angiogenesis and immunosuppression. OBJECTIVE It has been successfully demonstrated that inhibition of mPGES-1 prevented inflammation in preclinical studies. However, despite the crucial roles of mPGEs-1 and PGE2 in tumorigenesis, there is not much in vivo study on mPGES-1 inhibition in cancer therapy. The specificity of mPGEs-1 enzyme and its low expression level under normal conditions makes it a promising drug target with a low risk of side effects. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed for writing this review. An updated view on PGE2 biosynthesis, PGES isoenzyme family and its pharmacology and the latest information about inhibitors of mPGES-1 have been discussed. RESULTS In this study, it was aimed to highlight the importance of mPGES-1 and its inhibition in inflammationrelated cancer and other inflammatory conditions. Information about PGE2 biosynthesis, its role in inflammationrelated pathologies were also provided. We kept the noncancer-related inflammatory part short and tried to bring together promising molecules or scaffolds. CONCLUSION The information provided in this review might be useful to researchers in designing novel and potent mPGES-1 inhibitors for the treatment of cancer and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahadır Bülbül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlkay Küçükgüzel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A review on mPGES-1 inhibitors: From preclinical studies to clinical applications. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 147:106383. [PMID: 31698145 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a lipid mediator of inflammation and cancer progression. It is mainly formed via metabolism of arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenases (COX) and the terminal enzyme microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1). Widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit COX activity, resulting in decreased PGE2 production and symptomatic relief. However, NSAIDs block the production of many other lipid mediators that have important physiological and resolving actions, and these drugs cause gastrointestinal bleeding and/or increase the risk for severe cardiovascular events. Selective inhibition of downstream mPGES-1 for reduction in only PGE2 biosynthesis is suggested as a safer therapeutic strategy. This review covers the recent advances in characterization of new mPGES-1 inhibitors in preclinical models and their future clinical applications.
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee HH, Moon Y, Shin JS, Lee JH, Kim TW, Jang C, Park C, Lee J, Kim Y, Kim Y, Werz O, Park BY, Lee JY, Lee KT. A novel mPGES-1 inhibitor alleviates inflammatory responses by downregulating PGE2 in experimental models. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 144:106347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
7
|
Prasher P, Mudila H, Sharma M, Khati B. Developmental perspectives of the drugs targeting enzyme-instigated inflammation: a mini review. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
8
|
Kim SH, Roszik J, Cho SN, Ogata D, Milton DR, Peng W, Menter DG, Ekmekcioglu S, Grimm EA. The COX2 Effector Microsomal PGE2 Synthase 1 is a Regulator of Immunosuppression in Cutaneous Melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:1650-1663. [PMID: 30538110 PMCID: PMC6397703 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase 1 (mPGES1) was evaluated as an important downstream effector of the COX2 pathway responsible for tumor-mediated immunosuppression in melanoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The analysis of a stage III melanoma tissue microarray (n = 91) was performed to assess the association between mPGES1, COX2, CD8, and patient survival. Pharmacologic inhibitors and syngeneic mouse models using PTGES-knockout (KO) mouse melanoma cell lines were used to evaluate the mPGES1-mediated immunosuppressive function. RESULTS We observed correlations in expression and colocalization of COX2 and mPGES1, which are associated with increased expression of immunosuppressive markers in human melanoma. In a syngeneic melanoma mouse model, PTGES KO increased melanoma expression of PD-L1, increased infiltration of CD8a+ T cells, and CD8a+ dendritic cells into tumors and suppressed tumor growth. Durable tumor regression was observed in mice bearing PTGES KO tumors that were given anti-PD-1 therapy. Analysis of a stage III melanoma tissue microarray revealed significant associations between high mPGES1 expression and low CD8+ infiltration, which correlated with a shorter patient survival. CONCLUSIONS Our results are the first to illustrate a potential role for mPGES1 inhibition in melanoma immune evasion and selective targeting in supporting the durability of response to PD-1 checkpoint immunotherapy. More research effort in this drug development space is needed to validate the use of mPGES1 inhibitors as safe treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hee Kim
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jason Roszik
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sung-Nam Cho
- Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dai Ogata
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Denái R Milton
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Weiyi Peng
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David G Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Suhendan Ekmekcioglu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth A Grimm
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin YM, Fu Y, Hegde S, Tang Y, Radhakrishnan R, Shi XZ. Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 Plays a Critical Role in Long-term Motility Dysfunction after Bowel Obstruction. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8831. [PMID: 29891860 PMCID: PMC5995953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Motility dysfunction is present not only during bowel obstruction (BO), but after obstruction is resolved. Previous studies found that lumen distension associated mechano-transcription of COX-2 and production of PGE2 in gut smooth muscle cells (SMC) account for motility dysfunction during obstruction. We hypothesized that PGE2 may exert autocrine effect in SMC to induce microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1), which contributes to motility dysfunction after obstruction is resolved. Partial colon obstruction was induced in rats with an obstruction band, which was released 7 days later. Rats were further studied in the post-BO state. Circular muscle contractility of the mid colon (previously distended during obstruction) remained suppressed, and colon transit was impaired in the post-BO state. The COX-2, mPGES-1, and PGE2 levels were all increased in the distended bowel during obstruction. However, after obstruction was resolved, COX-2 expression returned to normal, whereas mPGES-1 and PGE2 levels remained increased. Expression of mPGES-1 in colon SMC was inducible by stretch or PGE2. Administration of mPGES-1 inhibitor Cay 10526 either before or after the release of obstruction normalized PGE2 levels and improved motility in the post-BO rats. In conclusion, mPGES-1 plays a critical role in the continuous suppression of motor function in the post-BO state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Min Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Shrilakshmi Hegde
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Yanbo Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, The first Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Ravi Radhakrishnan
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Xuan-Zheng Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ozen G, Gomez I, Daci A, Deschildre C, Boubaya L, Teskin O, Uydeş-Doğan BS, Jakobsson PJ, Longrois D, Topal G, Norel X. Inhibition of microsomal PGE synthase-1 reduces human vascular tone by increasing PGI 2 : a safer alternative to COX-2 inhibition. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4087-4098. [PMID: 28675448 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The side effects of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors on the cardiovascular system could be associated with reduced prostaglandin (PG)I2 synthesis. Microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1) catalyses the formation of PGE2 from COX-derived PGH2 . This enzyme is induced under inflammatory conditions and constitutes an attractive target for novel anti-inflammatory drugs. However, it is not known whether mPGES-1 inhibitors could be devoid of cardiovascular side effects. The aim of this study was to compare, in vitro, the effects of mPGES-1 and COX-2 inhibitors on vascular tone in human blood vessels. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The vascular tone and prostanoid release from internal mammary artery (IMA) and saphenous vein (SV) incubated for 30 min with inhibitors of mPGES-1 or COX-2 were investigated under normal and inflammatory conditions. KEY RESULTS In inflammatory conditions, mPGES-1 and COX-2 proteins were more expressed, and increased levels of PGE2 and PGI2 were released. COX-2 and NOS inhibitors increased noradrenaline induced vascular contractions in IMA under inflammatory conditions while no effect was observed in SV. Interestingly, the mPGES-1 inhibitor significantly reduced (30-40%) noradrenaline-induced contractions in both vessels. This effect was reversed by an IP (PGI2 receptor) antagonist but not modified by NOS inhibition. Moreover, PGI2 release was increased with the mPGES-1 inhibitor and decreased with the COX-2 inhibitor, while both inhibitors reduced PGE2 release. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In contrast to COX-2 inhibition, inhibition of mPGES-1 reduced vasoconstriction by increasing PGI2 synthesis. Targeting mPGES-1 could provide a lower risk of cardiovascular side effects, compared with those of the COX-2 inhibitors. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Targeting Inflammation to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.22/issuetoc and http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bcp.v82.4/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulsev Ozen
- INSERM U1148, Paris, France.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ingrid Gomez
- INSERM U1148, Paris, France.,Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Armond Daci
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Onder Teskin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Aile Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B Sonmez Uydeş-Doğan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dan Longrois
- INSERM U1148, Paris, France.,AP-HP CHU X. Bichat, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, UMR-S1148, Paris, France
| | - Gokce Topal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Xavier Norel
- INSERM U1148, Paris, France.,University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, UMR-S1148, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Psarra A, Nikolaou A, Kokotou MG, Limnios D, Kokotos G. Microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 inhibitors: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2017.1344218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Psarra
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Nikolaou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maroula G Kokotou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Limnios
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Kokotos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xia Z, Yan A. Computational models for the classification of mPGES-1 inhibitors with fingerprint descriptors. Mol Divers 2017; 21:661-675. [PMID: 28484935 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-017-9743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human microsomal prostaglandin [Formula: see text] synthase (mPGES)-1 is a promising drug target for inflammation and other diseases with inflammatory symptoms. In this work, we built classification models which were able to classify mPGES-1 inhibitors into two groups: highly active inhibitors and weakly active inhibitors. A dataset of 1910 mPGES-1 inhibitors was separated into a training set and a test set by two methods, by a Kohonen's self-organizing map or by random selection. The molecules were represented by different types of fingerprint descriptors including MACCS keys (MACCS), CDK fingerprints, Estate fingerprints, PubChem fingerprints, substructure fingerprints and 2D atom pairs fingerprint. First, we used a support vector machine (SVM) to build twelve models with six types of fingerprints and found that MACCS had some advantage over the other fingerprints in modeling. Next, we used naïve Bayes (NB), random forest (RF) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) methods to build six models with MACCS only and found that models using RF and MLP methods were better than NB. Finally, all the models with MACCS keys were used to make predictions on an external test set of 41 compounds. In summary, the models built with MACCS keys and using SVM, RF and MLP methods show good prediction performance on the test sets and the external test set. Furthermore, we made a structure-activity relationship analysis between mPGES-1 and its inhibitors based on the information gain of fingerprints and could pinpoint some key functional groups for mPGES-1 activity. It was found that highly active inhibitors usually contained an amide group, an aromatic ring or a nitrogen heterocyclic ring, and several heteroatoms substituents such as fluorine and chlorine. The carboxyl group and sulfur atom groups mainly appeared in weakly active inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Aixia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pereira-Leite C, Nunes C, Jamal SK, Cuccovia IM, Reis S. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Therapy: A Journey Toward Safety. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:802-859. [PMID: 28005273 DOI: 10.1002/med.21424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) against inflammation, pain, and fever has been supporting their worldwide use in the treatment of painful conditions and chronic inflammatory diseases until today. However, the long-term therapy with NSAIDs was soon associated with high incidences of adverse events in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the search for novel drugs with improved safety has begun with COX-2 selective inhibitors (coxibs) being straightaway developed and commercialized. Nevertheless, the excitement has fast turned to disappointment when diverse coxibs were withdrawn from the market due to cardiovascular toxicity. Such events have once again triggered the emergence of different strategies to overcome NSAIDs toxicity. Here, an integrative review is provided to address the breakthroughs of two main approaches: (i) the association of NSAIDs with protective mediators and (ii) the design of novel compounds to target downstream and/or multiple enzymes of the arachidonic acid cascade. To date, just one phosphatidylcholine-associated NSAID has already been approved for commercialization. Nevertheless, the preclinical and clinical data obtained so far indicate that both strategies may improve the safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Pereira-Leite
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sarah K Jamal
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Iolanda M Cuccovia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Salette Reis
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Peña Silva RA, Mitchell IJ, Kung DK, Pewe LL, Granja MF, Harty JT, Faraci FM, Heistad DD, Hasan DM. Paradoxical Increase in Mortality and Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms in Microsomal Prostaglandin E2 Synthase Type 1-Deficient Mice: Attenuation by Aspirin. Neurosurgery 2016; 77:613-20. [PMID: 26134597 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000000883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays an important role in formation and rupture of intracranial aneurysms. Expression of microsomal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthase type 1 (mPGES-1) is increased in the wall of intracranial aneurysms in humans. PGE2, a by-product of mPGES-1, is associated with inflammation and cerebrovascular dysfunction. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that deletion of mPGES-1 decreases the formation and rupture of intracranial aneurysms in a murine model. METHODS Intracranial aneurysms were induced in wild-type and mPGES-1 knockout (mPGES-1 KO) mice by using a combination of deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-induced hypertension and intracranial injection of elastase in the basal cistern. Prevalence of aneurysms, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and mortality were assessed. We also tested the effects of administration of aspirin (6 mg/kg/d) by gavage and PGE2 (1 mg/kg/d) by subcutaneous infusion. RESULTS Systolic blood pressure and prevalence of aneurysm were similar in wild-type and mPGES-1 KO mice. However, mortality and the prevalence of subarachnoid hemorrhage were markedly increased in mPGES-1 KO mice (P < .05). Bone marrow reconstitution studies suggest that mPGES-1 derived from leukocytes does not appear to increase rupture of intracranial aneurysms. Aspirin, but not PGE2, attenuated the increased mortality in mPGES-1 KO mice (P < .05). CONCLUSION Vascular mPGES-1 plays a protective role in blood vessels and attenuates rupture of cerebral aneurysms. In contrast to effects on abdominal aneurysms, mPGES-1 deficiency is associated with an increase in rupture of cerebral aneurysms and mortality, which are attenuated by low-dose aspirin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Peña Silva
- *Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia; ‡Departments of Internal Medicine, §Neurosurgery, ¶Microbiology, and ‖Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mohd Aluwi MFF, Rullah K, Yamin BM, Leong SW, Abdul Bahari MN, Lim SJ, Mohd Faudzi SM, Jalil J, Abas F, Mohd Fauzi N, Ismail NH, Jantan I, Lam KW. Synthesis of unsymmetrical monocarbonyl curcumin analogues with potent inhibition on prostaglandin E2 production in LPS-induced murine and human macrophages cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2531-2538. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
16
|
Chandrasekhar S, Harvey AK, Yu XP, Chambers MG, Oskins JL, Lin C, Seng TW, Thibodeaux SJ, Norman BH, Hughes NE, Schiffler MA, Fisher MJ. Identification and Characterization of Novel Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 Inhibitors for Analgesia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 356:635-44. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.228932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
17
|
Khurana P, Jachak SM. Chemistry and biology of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) inhibitors as novel anti-inflammatory agents: recent developments and current status. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) E2, a key mediator of inflammatory pain and fever, is biosynthesized from PGH2 by mPGES-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Khurana
- Department of Natural Products
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali-160062
- India
| | - Sanjay M. Jachak
- Department of Natural Products
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali-160062
- India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schiffler MA, Antonysamy S, Bhattachar SN, Campanale KM, Chandrasekhar S, Condon B, Desai PV, Fisher MJ, Groshong C, Harvey A, Hickey MJ, Hughes NE, Jones SA, Kim EJ, Kuklish SL, Luz JG, Norman BH, Rathmell RE, Rizzo JR, Seng TW, Thibodeaux SJ, Woods TA, York JS, Yu XP. Discovery and Characterization of 2-Acylaminoimidazole Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2015; 59:194-205. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Schiffler
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Stephen Antonysamy
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Shobha N. Bhattachar
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Kristina M. Campanale
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Srinivasan Chandrasekhar
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Bradley Condon
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Prashant V. Desai
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Matthew J. Fisher
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | | | - Anita Harvey
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Michael J. Hickey
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Norman E. Hughes
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Scott A. Jones
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Euibong J. Kim
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Steven L. Kuklish
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - John G. Luz
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Bryan H. Norman
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Richard E. Rathmell
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Windlesham, Surrey GU20
6PH, United Kingdom
| | - John R. Rizzo
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Thomas W. Seng
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Stefan J. Thibodeaux
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Timothy A. Woods
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Jeremy S. York
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Xiao-Peng Yu
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Larsson K, Jakobsson PJ. Inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 as targeted therapy in cancer treatment. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2015; 120:161-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
20
|
Rehal S, von der Weid PY. Experimental ileitis alters prostaglandin biosynthesis in mesenteric lymphatic and blood vessels. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2015; 116-117:37-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
21
|
Xu S, Rouzer CA, Marnett LJ. Oxicams, a class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and beyond. IUBMB Life 2014; 66:803-11. [PMID: 25537198 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxicams are a class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) structurally related to the enolic acid class of 4-hydroxy-1,2-benzothiazine carboxamides. They are used clinically to treat both acute and chronic inflammation by inhibiting the activity of the two cyclooxygenase (COX) isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2. Oxicams are structurally distinct from all other NSAIDs, exhibiting a novel binding pose in the COX active site. The 4-hydroxyl group on the thiazine ring partners with Ser-530 via hydrogen bonding while two coordinated water molecules mediate a polar interaction between the oxicam and COX. The rotation of Leu-531 in the complex opens a new pocket, which is not used for binding other NSAIDs to the enzyme. This structure provides the basis for understanding documented structure-activity relationships within the oxicam class. In addition, from the oxicam template, a series of potent microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) inhibitors represents a new direction for drug development. Here, we review the major route of oxicam synthesis and structure-activity for COX inhibition, as well as recent advances in oxicam-mediated mPGES-1 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Xu
- A.B. Hancock Jr. Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research; Department of Biochemistry; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Banerjee A, Pawar MY, Patil S, Yadav PS, Kadam PA, Kattige VG, Deshpande DS, Pednekar PV, Pisat MK, Gharat LA. Development of 2-aryl substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-one, pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4838-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
23
|
Shimomura K, Kanamoto T, Kita K, Akamine Y, Nakamura N, Mae T, Yoshikawa H, Nakata K. Cyclic compressive loading on 3D tissue of human synovial fibroblasts upregulates prostaglandin E2 via COX-2 production without IL-1β and TNF-α. Bone Joint Res 2014; 3:280-8. [PMID: 25237168 PMCID: PMC4178306 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.39.2000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Excessive mechanical stress on synovial joints causes osteoarthritis
(OA) and results in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a
key molecule in arthritis, by synovial fibroblasts. However, the
relationship between arthritis-related molecules and mechanical
stress is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine
the synovial fibroblast response to cyclic mechanical stress using
an in vitro osteoarthritis model. Method Human synovial fibroblasts were cultured on collagen scaffolds
to produce three-dimensional constructs. A cyclic compressive loading
of 40 kPa at 0.5 Hz was applied to the constructs, with or without
the administration of a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitor
or dexamethasone, and then the concentrations of PGE2, interleukin-1β (IL-1β),
tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-8 and COX-2 were measured. Results The concentrations of PGE2, IL-6 and IL-8 in the loaded samples
were significantly higher than those of unloaded samples; however,
the concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α were the same as the unloaded
samples. After the administration of a COX-2 selective inhibitor,
the increased concentration of PGE2 by cyclic compressive loading
was impeded, but the concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 remained high.
With dexamethasone, upregulation of PGE2, IL-6 and IL-8 was suppressed. Conclusion These results could be useful in revealing the molecular mechanism
of mechanical stress in vivo for a better understanding
of the pathology and therapy of OA. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:280–8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Shimomura
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Kanamoto
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Kita
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Akamine
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - N Nakamura
- Osaka Health Science University, Department of Rehabilitation Science, 1-9-27 Tenma, Kita-ku, Osaka City, Osaka 530-0043, Japan
| | - T Mae
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Yoshikawa
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Nakata
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Health and Sport Sciences, 1-17 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Expression of mPGES-1 and IP mRNA is reduced by LLLT in both subplantar and brain tissues in the model of peripheral inflammation induced by carrageenan. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:83-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1622-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
25
|
PGE2 signaling and its biosynthesis-related enzymes in cholangiocarcinoma progression. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8051-64. [PMID: 24839005 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) involves in progression of various chronic inflammation-related cancers including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). This study aimed to determine the role of PGE2 signaling, its biosynthesis-related enzymes in a clinical prognosis, and their targeted inhibition in CCA progression. The immunohistochemical staining of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, COX-2, mPGES-1, EP1, and EP4 was examined in CCA tissues, and their expressions were compared with clinicopathological parameters. The effect of PGE2 on levels of its signaling molecules was examined in CCA cell lines using proteome profiler array. The suppression of mPGES-1 using a small-molecule inhibitor (CAY10526) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) was determined for growth and migration ability in CCA cells. The results indicated that strong expressions of COX-1, COX-2, mPGES-1, EP1, and EP4 were found in CCA tissues as 87.5, 47.5, 52.5, 55, and 80 % of frequencies, respectively. High mPGES-1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor stages III-IV (p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.004), shorter survival (p = 0.009), and prognostic indicator of CCA patients (HR = 2.512, p = 0.041). Expressions of COX-1, COX-2, and EP receptors did not correlate with data tested from patients. PGE2 markedly enhanced protein levels of integrinα6, VE-cadherin, Jagged1, and Notch3, and CAY10526 suppressed those protein levels as well as PGE2 production in CCA cells. CAY10526 and siRNA mPGES-1 markedly suppressed mPGES-1 protein levels, growth, and migration abilities of CCA cell lines. In conclusion, PGE2 signaling strongly promotes CCA progression. Therefore, inhibition of PGE2 synthesis by suppression of its biosynthesis-related enzymes could be useful for prevention and treatment of CCA.
Collapse
|
26
|
Singh Bahia M, Kumar Katare Y, Silakari O, Vyas B, Silakari P. Inhibitors of Microsomal Prostaglandin E2
Synthase-1 Enzyme as Emerging Anti-Inflammatory Candidates. Med Res Rev 2014; 34:825-55. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malkeet Singh Bahia
- Molecular Modelling Lab (MML); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research; Punjabi University; Patiala Punjab 147002 India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Katare
- Radharaman Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 462046 India
| | - Om Silakari
- Molecular Modelling Lab (MML); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research; Punjabi University; Patiala Punjab 147002 India
| | - Bhawna Vyas
- Department of Chemistry; Punjabi University; Patiala Punjab 147002 India
| | - Pragati Silakari
- Adina institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sagar Madhya Pradesh (M.P.) 470001 India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Salazar F, Vazquez ML, Masferrer JL, Mbalaviele G, Llinas MT, Saez F, Arhancet G, Salazar FJ. Renal effects induced by prolonged mPGES1 inhibition. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 306:F68-74. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00492.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of membrane-bound PGE synthase 1 (mPGES1) in the regulation of renal function has been examined in mPGES1-deficient mice or by evaluating changes in its expression. However, it is unknown whether prolonged mPGES1 inhibition induces significant changes of renal function when Na+ intake is normal or low. This study examined the renal effects elicited by a selective mPGES1 inhibitor (PF-458) during 7 days in conscious chronically instrumented dogs with normal Na+ intake (NSI) or low Na+ intake (LSI). Results obtained in both in vitro and in vivo studies have strongly suggested that PF-458 is a selective mPGES1 inhibitor. The administration of 2.4 mg·kg−1·day−1 PF-458 to dogs with LSI did not induce significant changes in renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). A larger dose of PF-458 (9.6 mg·kg−1·day−1) reduced RBF ( P < 0.05) but not GFR in dogs with LSI and did not induce changes of renal hemodynamic in dogs with NSI. Both doses of PF-458 elicited a decrease ( P < 0.05) in PGE2 and an increase ( P < 0.05) in 6-keto-PGF1α. The administration of PF-458 did not induce significant changes in renal excretory function, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone and thromboxane B2 concentrations in dogs with LSI or NSI. The results obtained suggest that mPGES1 is involved in the regulation of RBF when Na+ intake is low and that the renal effects elicited by mPGES1 inhibition are modulated by a compensatory increment in PGI2. These results may have some therapeutical implications since it has been shown that prolonged mPGES1 inhibition has lower renal effects than those elicited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Salazar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Campus Mare Nostrum of Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; and
| | | | | | | | - Maria T. Llinas
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Campus Mare Nostrum of Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; and
| | - Fara Saez
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Campus Mare Nostrum of Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; and
| | | | - F. Javier Salazar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Campus Mare Nostrum of Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; and
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hanke T, Rörsch F, Thieme TM, Ferreiros N, Schneider G, Geisslinger G, Proschak E, Grösch S, Schubert-Zsilavecz M. Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of benzenesulfonamides as dual species inhibitors of human and murine mPGES-1. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7874-83. [PMID: 24183739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase 1 (mPGES-1) became a desirable target in recent years for the research of new anti-inflammatory drugs. Even though many potent inhibitors of human mPGES-1, tested in vitro assay systems, have been synthesized, they all failed in preclinical trials in rodent models of inflammation, due to the lack of activity on rodent enzyme. Within this work we want to present a new class of mPGES-1 inhibitors derived from a benzenesulfonamide scaffold with inhibitory potency on human and murine mPGES-1. Starting point with an IC50 of 13.8 μM on human mPGES-1 was compound 1 (4-{benzyl[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]sulfamoyl}benzoic acid; FR4), which was discovered by a virtual screening approach. Optimization during a structure-activity relationship (SAR) process leads to compound 28 (4-[(cyclohexylmethyl)[(4-phenylphenyl)methyl]sulfamoyl]benzoic acid) with an improved IC50 of 0.8 μM on human mPGES-1. For the most promising compounds a broad pharmacological characterization has been carried out to estimate their anti-inflammatory potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hanke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Characterization of a human and murine mPGES-1 inhibitor and comparison to mPGES-1 genetic deletion in mouse models of inflammation. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2013; 107:26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
30
|
Korotkova M, Jakobsson PJ. Characterization of Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase 1 Inhibitors. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 114:64-9. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Korotkova
- Rheumatology Unit; Department of Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Rheumatology Unit; Department of Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the periodontium involving interactions between bacterial products, numerous cell populations and inflammatory mediators. It is generally accepted that periodontitis is initiated by complex and diverse microbial biofilms which form on the teeth, i.e. dental plaque. Substances released from this biofilm such as lipopolysaccharides, antigens and other virulence factors, gain access to the gingival tissue and initiate an inflammatory and immune response, leading to the activation of host defence cells. As a result of cellular activation, inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, arachidonic acid metabolites and proteolytic enzymes collectively contribute to tissue destruction and bone resorption. This review summarises recent studies on the pathogenesis of periodontitis, with the main focus on inflammatory mediators and their role in periodontal disease.
Collapse
|
32
|
Gomez I, Foudi N, Longrois D, Norel X. The role of prostaglandin E2 in human vascular inflammation. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2013; 89:55-63. [PMID: 23756023 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PG) are the product of a cascade of enzymes such as cyclooxygenases and PG synthases. Among PG, PGE2 is produced by 3 isoforms of PGE synthase (PGES) and through activation of its cognate receptors (EP1-4), this PG is involved in the pathophysiology of vascular diseases. Some anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. glucocorticoids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) interfere with its metabolism or effects. Vascular cells can initiate many of the responses associated with inflammation. In human vascular tissue, PGE2 is involved in many physiological processes, such as increasing vascular permeability, cell proliferation, cell migration and control of vascular smooth muscle tone. PGE2 has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm but also in physiologic/adaptive processes such as angiogenesis. Understanding the roles of PGE2 and its cognate receptors in vascular diseases could help to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. In addition, from these recent studies new promising therapeutic approaches like mPGES-1 inhibition and/or EP4-antagonism should be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Gomez
- INSERM, U698, Paris F-75018, France; University Paris Nord, UMR-S698, Paris F-75018, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Howe LR, Subbaramaiah K, Kent CV, Zhou XK, Chang SH, Hla T, Jakobsson PJ, Hudis CA, Dannenberg AJ. Genetic deletion of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 suppresses mouse mammary tumor growth and angiogenesis. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2013; 106:99-105. [PMID: 23624019 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cyclooxygenase/prostaglandin (COX/PG) signaling pathway is of central importance in inflammation and neoplasia. COX inhibitors are widely used for analgesia and also have demonstrated activity for cancer prophylaxis. However, cardiovascular toxicity associated with this drug class diminishes their clinical utility and motivates the development of safer approaches both for pain relief and cancer prevention. The terminal synthase microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1) has attracted considerable attention as a potential target. Overexpression of mPGES-1 has been observed in both colorectal and breast cancers, and gene knockout and overexpression approaches have established a role for mPGES-1 in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. Here we evaluate the contribution of mPGES-1 to mammary tumorigenesis using a gene knockout approach. Mice deficient in mPGES-1 were crossed with a strain in which breast cancer is driven by overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu). Loss of mPGES-1 was associated with a substantial reduction in intramammary PGE2 levels, aromatase activity, and angiogenesis in mammary glands from HER2/neu transgenic mice. Consistent with these findings, we observed a significant reduction in multiplicity of tumors ≥1mm in diameter, suggesting that mPGES-1 contributes to mammary tumor growth. Our data identify mPGES-1 as a potential anti-breast cancer target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise R Howe
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology and Weill Cornell Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Leclerc P, Pawelzik SC, Idborg H, Spahiu L, Larsson C, Stenberg P, Korotkova M, Jakobsson PJ. Characterization of a new mPGES-1 inhibitor in rat models of inflammation. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2013; 102-103:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
35
|
Kats A, Båge T, Georgsson P, Jönsson J, Quezada HC, Gustafsson A, Jansson L, Lindberg C, Näsström K, Yucel-Lindberg T. Inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 by aminothiazoles decreases prostaglandin E2 synthesis in vitro and ameliorates experimental periodontitis in vivo. FASEB J 2013; 27:2328-41. [PMID: 23447581 PMCID: PMC3659347 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-214445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The potent inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory conditions, including periodontitis. The inducible enzyme microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1), catalyzing the terminal step of PGE2 biosynthesis, is an attractive target for selective PGE2 inhibition. To identify mPGES-1 inhibitors, we investigated the effect of aminothiazoles on inflammation-induced PGE2 synthesis in vitro, using human gingival fibroblasts stimulated with the cytokine IL-1β and a cell-free mPGES-1 activity assay, as well as on inflammation-induced bone resorption in vivo, using ligature-induced experimental periodontitis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Aminothiazoles 4-([4-(2-naphthyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]amino)phenol (TH-848) and 4-(3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (TH-644) reduced IL-1β-induced PGE2 production in fibroblasts (IC50 1.1 and 1.5 μM, respectively) as well as recombinant mPGES-1 activity, without affecting activity or expression of the upstream enzyme cyclooxygenase-2. In ligature-induced experimental periodontitis, alveolar bone loss, assessed by X-ray imaging, was reduced by 46% by local treatment with TH-848, compared to vehicle, without any systemic effects on PGE2, 6-keto PGF1α, LTB4 or cytokine levels. In summary, these results demonstrate that the aminothiazoles represent novel mPGES-1 inhibitors for inhibition of PGE2 production and reduction of bone resorption in experimental periodontitis, and may be used as potential anti-inflammatory drugs for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kats
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kablaoui N, Patel S, Shao J, Demian D, Hoffmaster K, Berlioz F, Vazquez ML, Moore WM, Nugent RA. Novel benzoxazole inhibitors of mPGES-1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:907-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
37
|
KOEBERLE ANDREAS, WERZ OLIVER. Microsomal Prostaglandin E2 Synthase-1. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG DISCOVERY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849735346-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The prostanoids and leukotrienes (LTs) formed from arachidonic acid (AA) via the cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/2 and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway, respectively, mediate inflammatory responses, chronic tissue remodelling, cancer, asthma and autoimmune disorders, but also possess homeostatic functions in the gastrointestinal tract, uterus, brain, kidney, vasculature and host defence. Based on the manifold functions of these eicosanoids, the clinical use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a class of drugs that block formation of all prostanoids, is hampered by severe side-effects including gastrointestinal injury, renal irritations and cardiovascular risks. Therefore, anti-inflammatory agents interfering with eicosanoid biosynthesis require a well-balanced pharmacological profile to minimize these on-target side-effects. Current anti-inflammatory research aims at identifying compounds that can suppress the massive formation of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin (PG)E2 without affecting homeostatic PGE2 and PGI2 synthesis. The inducible microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is one promising target enzyme. We will give an overview about the structure, regulation and function of mPGES-1 and then present novel inhibitors of mPGES-1 that may possess a promising pharmacological profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ANDREAS KOEBERLE
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy University Jena Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena Germany
| | - OLIVER WERZ
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy University Jena Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Finetti F, Terzuoli E, Bocci E, Coletta I, Polenzani L, Mangano G, Alisi MA, Cazzolla N, Giachetti A, Ziche M, Donnini S. Pharmacological inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 suppresses epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated tumor growth and angiogenesis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40576. [PMID: 22815767 PMCID: PMC3399882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blockade of Prostaglandin (PG) E(2) production via deletion of microsomal Prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) gene reduces tumor cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo on xenograft tumors. So far the therapeutic potential of the pharmacological inhibition of mPGES-1 has not been elucidated. PGE(2) promotes epithelial tumor progression via multiple signaling pathways including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here we evaluated the antitumor activity of AF3485, a compound of a novel family of human mPGES-1 inhibitors, in vitro and in vivo, in mice bearing human A431 xenografts overexpressing EGFR. Treatment of the human cell line A431 with interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) increased mPGES-1 expression, PGE(2) production and induced EGFR phosphorylation, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) expression. AF3485 reduced PGE(2) production, both in quiescent and in cells stimulated by IL-1β. AF3485 abolished IL-1β-induced activation of the EGFR, decreasing VEGF and FGF-2 expression, and tumor-mediated endothelial tube formation. In vivo, in A431 xenograft, AF3485, administered sub-chronically, decreased tumor growth, an effect related to inhibition of EGFR signalling, and to tumor microvessel rarefaction. In fact, we observed a decrease of EGFR phosphorylation, and VEGF and FGF-2 expression in tumours explanted from treated mice. CONCLUSION Our work demonstrates that the pharmacological inhibition of mPGES-1 reduces squamous carcinoma growth by suppressing PGE(2) mediated-EGFR signalling and by impairing tumor associated angiogenesis. These results underscore the potential of mPGES-1 inhibitors as agents capable of controlling tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Finetti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 2, Siena, and Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Italy
| | - Erika Terzuoli
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 2, Siena, and Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Italy
| | - Elena Bocci
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 2, Siena, and Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Italy
| | - Isabella Coletta
- Angelini Research Center–A.C.R.A.F. S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Lorenzo Polenzani
- Angelini Research Center–A.C.R.A.F. S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Giorgina Mangano
- Angelini Research Center–A.C.R.A.F. S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Alisi
- Angelini Research Center–A.C.R.A.F. S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Nicola Cazzolla
- Angelini Research Center–A.C.R.A.F. S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Antonio Giachetti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 2, Siena, and Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Italy
| | - Marina Ziche
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 2, Siena, and Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Italy
- * E-mail: (MZ); (SD)
| | - Sandra Donnini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 2, Siena, and Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Italy
- * E-mail: (MZ); (SD)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rörsch F, Buscató E, Deckmann K, Schneider G, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Geisslinger G, Proschak E, Grösch S. Structure-activity relationship of nonacidic quinazolinone inhibitors of human microsomal prostaglandin synthase 1 (mPGES 1). J Med Chem 2012; 55:3792-803. [PMID: 22449023 DOI: 10.1021/jm201687d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1) is a key enzyme of the arachidonic acid cascade. Its product PGE(2) plays an important role in various inflammatory processes, pain, fever, and cancer. Selective inhibition of mPGES-1 might be a promising step to avoid cyclooxygenase-related effects of NSAIDs. We studied a class of quinazolinone derivatives of the lead structure FR20 for their effects on the isolated human and murine enzymes, human HeLa cells, and in various settings of the whole blood assay. Novel compounds with direct enzyme inhibiting activity in the submicromolar range (IC(50): 0.13-0.37 μM) were designed using a bioisosteric replacement strategy and proved to be effective in both cells and human whole blood. Furthermore, pharmacological profiling of toxicity and eicosanoid screening with LC/MS-MS was applied to characterize this new class of mPGES-1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Rörsch
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, pharmazentrum frankfurt, LiFF/ZAFES, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Prostanoids in tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic intervention beyond COX-2. Trends Mol Med 2012; 18:233-43. [PMID: 22425675 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostanoids regulate angiogenesis in carcinoma and chronic inflammatory disease progression. Although prostanoid biosynthetic enzymes and signaling have been extensively analyzed in inflammation, little is known about how prostanoids mediate tumor-induced angiogenesis. Targeted cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibition in tumor, stromal and endothelial cells is an attractive antiangiogenic strategy; however, the associated cardiovascular side effects have led to the development of a new generation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) acting downstream of COX. These agents target terminal prostanoid synthases and prostanoid receptors, which may also include several peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Here, we discuss the role of prostanoids as modulators of tumor angiogenesis and how prostanoid metabolism reflects complex cell-cell crosstalk that determines tumor growth. Finally, we discuss the potential of new NSAIDs for the treatment of angiogenesis-dependent tumor development.
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), a cyclooxygenase (COX) product, is the best known lipid mediator that contributes to inflammatory pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), inhibitors of COX-1 and/or COX-2, suppress inflammatory pain by reducing generation of prostanoids, mainly PGE(2), while they exhibit gastrointestinal, renal and cardiovascular toxicities. Selective inhibitors of microsomal PGE synthase-1 and subtype-selective antagonists of PGE(2) receptors, particularly EP(1) and EP(4), may be useful as analgesics with minimized side-effects. Protein kinase C (PKC) and PKA downstream of EP(1) and EP(4), respectively, sensitize/activate multiple molecules including transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) channels, purinergic P2X3 receptors, and voltage-gated calcium or sodium channels in nociceptors, leading to hyperalgesia. PGE(2) is also implicated in neuropathic and visceral pain and in migraine. Thus, PGE(2) has a great impact on pain signals, and pharmacological intervention in upstream and downstream signals of PGE(2) may serve as novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of intractable pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsufumi Kawabata
- Division of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka 577–8502, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is the terminal synthase responsible for the synthesis of the pro-tumorigenic prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). mPGES-1 is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers. Since its discovery in 1997 by Bengt Samuelsson and collaborators, the enzyme has been the object of over 200 peer-reviewed articles. Although today mPGES-1 is considered a validated and promising therapeutic target for anticancer drug discovery, challenges in inhibitor design and selectivity are such that up to this date there are only a few published records of small-molecule inhibitors targeting the enzyme and exhibiting some in vivo anticancer activity. This review summarizes the structures, and the in vitro and in vivo activities of these novel mPGES-1 inhibitors. Challenges that have been encountered are also discussed.
Collapse
|
43
|
Wiegard A, Hanekamp W, Griessbach K, Fabian J, Lehr M. Pyrrole alkanoic acid derivatives as nuisance inhibitors of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 48:153-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
44
|
Chang HH, Song Z, Wisner L, Tripp T, Gokhale V, Meuillet EJ. Identification of a novel class of anti-inflammatory compounds with anti-tumor activity in colorectal and lung cancers. Invest New Drugs 2011; 30:1865-77. [PMID: 21931968 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-011-9748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is associated with 25% of all cancers. In the inflammation-cancer axis, prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) is one of the major players. PGE(2) synthases (PGES) are the enzymes downstream of the cyclooxygenases (COXs) in the PGE(2) biosynthesis pathway. Microsomal prostaglandin E(2) synthase 1 (mPGES-1) is inducible by pro-inflammatory stimuli and constitutively expressed in a variety of cancers. The potential role for this enzyme in tumorigenesis has been reported and mPGES-1 represents a novel therapeutic target for cancers. In order to identify novel small molecule inhibitors of mPGES-1, we screened the ChemBridge library and identified 13 compounds as potential hits. These compounds were tested for their ability to bind directly to the enzyme using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and to decrease cytokine-stimulated PGE(2) production in various cancer cell lines. We demonstrate that the compound PGE0001 (ChemBridge ID number 5654455) binds to human mPGES-1 recombinant protein with good affinity (K(D) = 21.3 ± 7.8 μM). PGE0001 reduces IL-1β-induced PGE(2) release in human HCA-7 colon and A549 lung cancer cell lines with EC(50) in the sub-micromolar range. Although PGE0001 may have alternative targets based on the results from in vitro assays, it shows promising effects in vivo. PGE0001 exhibits significant anti-tumor activity in SW837 rectum and A549 lung cancer xenografts in SCID mice. Single injection i.p. of PGE0001 at 100 mg/kg decreases serum PGE(2) levels in mice within 5 h. In summary, our data suggest that the identified compound PGE0001 exerts anti-tumor activity via the inhibition of the PGE(2) synthesis pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hua Chang
- Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yu R, Xiao L, Zhao G, Christman JW, van Breemen RB. Competitive enzymatic interactions determine the relative amounts of prostaglandins E2 and D2. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 339:716-25. [PMID: 21865441 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.185405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) are a family of cellular messengers exerting diverse homeostatic and pathophysiologic effects. Recently, several studies reported significant increases of PGI(2) and PGF(2α) after the inhibition of microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1) expression, which indicated that PGH(2) metabolism might be redistributed when the PGE(2) pathway is blocked. To address the determinants that govern the relative amounts of PGs, we developed an in vitro cell-free method, based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, to measure the exact amounts of these PGs formed in response to the addition of recombinant isomerases and their selective inhibitors. Our in vitro cell-free assay results were confirmed in cells using bone marrow-derived macrophage. Initially, we determined the in vitro stability of PGH(2) and noted that there was spontaneous nonenzymatic conversion to PGD(2) and PGE(2). mPGES-1 markedly increased the conversion to PGE(2) and decreased conversion to PGD(2). Reciprocally, the addition of hematopoietic or lipocalin PGD synthase resulted in a relative increase of PGD(2) and decrease of PGE(2). A detailed titration study showed that the ratio of PGE(2)/PGD(2) was closely correlated with the ratio of PGE synthase/PGD synthase. Our redistribution results also provide the foundation for understanding how PGH(2) metabolism is redistributed by the presence of distal isomerases or by blocking the major metabolic outlet, which could determine the relative benefits and risks resulting from interdiction in nonrated-limiting components of PG synthesis pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jawabrah Al-Hourani B, Sharma SK, Suresh M, Wuest F. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: a literature and patent review (2009 - 2010). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2011; 21:1339-432. [PMID: 21714592 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2011.593510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COXs catalyze the complex conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and thromboxanes, which trigger as autacoids with autocrine and paracrine biological effects many physiological and pathophysiological responses. The structural similarities of the COX-1 and -2 enzymes make the search for selective inhibitors for COX-2 versus -1 a formidable challenge. AREAS COVERED The present review provides a survey of the development of novel COX-2 inhibitors covering literature and patents between 2009 and 2010. The presence of a central, typically 1,2-diaryl substituted, heterocycle or carbocycle as a characteristic structural motif in many selective COX-2 inhibitors represents the basis of their classification in this review. The classification in this review includes COX-2 inhibitors based on five- and six-membered heterocycles, benzoheterocycles (e.g., benzopyrans, benzopyranones, indoles and quinolines), quinones, chalcones, natural products and miscellaneous. When available, COX-2 inhibitors are presented with their related COX-2 inhibitory potency and selectivity. EXPERT OPINION The availability of detailed information on the crystal structure of the COX-2 enzyme with various substrates, cofactors and inhibitors, and the recently reported increased risk of cardiovascular events associated with selective COX-2 inhibitors will further stimulate development of COX-2 inhibitors with favorable COX-2 inhibition profiles without adverse effects to the cardiovascular system.
Collapse
|
47
|
Li CL, Chang TT, Sun MF, Chen HY, Tsai FJ, Fisher M, Chen CYC, Lee CL, Fang WC, Wong YH. Structure-based and ligand-based drug design for microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 inhibitors. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2010.538054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
48
|
Korotkova M, Jakobsson PJ. Microsomal prostaglandin e synthase-1 in rheumatic diseases. Front Pharmacol 2011; 1:146. [PMID: 21927605 PMCID: PMC3174088 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2010.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is a well-recognized target for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs that can reduce symptoms of inflammation in rheumatic diseases and other inflammatory conditions. In this review, we focus on mPGES-1 in rheumatic diseases with the aim to cover the most recent advances in the understanding of mPGES-1 in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and inflammatory myopathies. Novel findings regarding regulation of mPGES-1 cell expression as well as enzyme inhibitors are also summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Korotkova
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kojima F, Matnani RG, Kawai S, Ushikubi F, Crofford LJ. Potential roles of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 in rheumatoid arthritis. Inflamm Regen 2011; 31:157-166. [PMID: 22308189 DOI: 10.2492/inflammregen.31.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease which primarily affects the synovial joints leading to inflammation, pain and joint deformities. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and glucocorticoids, both of which inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX), have been extensively used for treating RA patients. Prostaglandin E synthase (PGES) is a specific biosynthetic enzyme that acts downstream of COX and converts prostaglandin (PG) H(2) to PGE(2). Among PGES isozymes, microsomal PGES-1 (mPGES-1) has been shown to be induced in a variety of cells and tissues under inflammatory conditions. The induction of mPGES-1 in the synovial tissue of RA patients is closely associated with the activation of the tissue by proinflammatory cytokines. Although selective mPGES-1 inhibitors have not yet been widely available, mice lacking mPGES-1 (mPGES-1(-/-) mice) have been generated to evaluate the physiological and pathological roles of mPGES-1 in vivo. Recent studies utilizing mPGES-1(-/-) mice have demonstrated the significance of mPGES-1 in the process of chronic inflammation and evocation of humoral immune response in autoimmune arthritis models. These recent findings highlight mPGES-1 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of autoimmune inflammatory diseases, including RA. Currently, both natural and synthetic chemicals are being tested for inhibition of mPGES-1 activity to produce PGE(2). The present review focuses on the recent advances in understanding the role of mPGES-1 in the pathophysiology of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Kojima
- Department of Pharmacology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Numao A, Hosono K, Suzuki T, Hayashi I, Uematsu S, Akira S, Ogino Y, Kawauchi H, Unno N, Majima M. The inducible prostaglandin E synthase mPGES-1 regulates growth of endometrial tissues and angiogenesis in a mouse implantation model. Biomed Pharmacother 2010; 65:77-84. [PMID: 21247731 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2010.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological diseases in women of reproductive age. Although cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors are effective in the treatment of endometriosis, the adverse cardiovascular effects associated with these inhibitors have limited their use. Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is an inducible enzyme downstream of COX-2 in prostaglandin E(2) biosynthesis. Previously, we developed mPGES-1 knockout mice (mPGES-1(-/-)) and have identified for the first time the roles of ectopic lesion- and host-associated mPGES-1 in angiogenesis and the growth of endometrial tissues. When mPGES-1(-/-) endometrial fragments were implanted into wild type (WT) mice (mPGES-1(-/-)→WT), or WT fragments implanted into mPGES-1(-/-) mice (WT→mPGES-1(-/-)), the growth of the implants was suppressed at days 14 and 28 after implantation, compared toWT→WT transplantation. An even greater degree of suppression was observed in mPGES-1(-/-) endometrial fragments implanted into mPGES-1(-/-) mice (mPGES-1(-/-)→mPGES-1(-/-)). After WT-WT implantation, mPGES-1 expression was localized at the border of the implanted endometrial tissues. Microvessel density, determined by CD31 immunostaining, was markedly suppressed in the mPGES-1(-/-) endometrial fragments implanted into mPGES-1(-/-) mice, with some suppression also observed in the mPGES-1(-/-)→WT and WT→mPGES-1(-/-) groups. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) was significantly reduced in mPGES-1(-/-) endometrial tissues implanted into mPGES-1(-/-) mice at days 14 and 28, in comparison to the WT→WT group. These results suggested that mPGES-1 enhanced angiogenesis and growth of the endometrial implant, and indicate that mPGES-1 may be a good therapeutic target for endometriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Numao
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|