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Lee JS, Min JW, Gye SB, Kim YW, Kang HC, Choi YS, Seo WS, Lee BY. Suppression of UVB-Induced MMP-1 Expression in Human Skin Fibroblasts Using Lysate of Lactobacillus iners Derived from Korean Women's Skin in Their Twenties. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:513-526. [PMID: 38248335 PMCID: PMC10814086 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of skin aging is intricate, involving intrinsic aging, influenced by internal factors, and extrinsic aging, mainly caused by exposure to UV radiation, resulting in photoaging. Photoaging manifests as skin issues such as wrinkles and discoloration. The skin microbiome, a diverse community of microorganisms on the skin's surface, plays a crucial role in skin protection and can be affected by factors like humidity and pH. Probiotics, beneficial microorganisms, have been investigated for their potential to enhance skin health by regulating the skin microbiome. This can be accomplished through oral probiotics, impacting the gut-skin axis, or topical applications introducing live bacteria to the skin. Probiotics mitigate oxidative stress, suppress inflammation, and maintain the skin's extracellular matrix, ultimately averting skin aging. However, research on probiotics derived from human skin is limited, and there is no established product for preventing photoaging. The mechanism by which probiotics shield the skin microbiome and skin layers from UV radiation remains unclear. Recently, researchers have discovered Lactobacillus in the skin, with reports indicating a decrease in this microorganism with age. In a recent study, scientists isolated Lactobacillus iners KOLBM20 from the skin of individuals in their twenties and confirmed its effectiveness. A comparative analysis of genetic sequences revealed that strain KOLBM20 belongs to the Lactobacillus genus and closely relates to L. iners DSM13335(T) with a 99.20% similarity. Importantly, Lactobacillus iners KOLBM20 displayed anti-wrinkle properties by inhibiting MMP-1. This investigation demonstrated the inhibitory effect of KOLBM20 strain lysate on MMP-1 expression. Moreover, the data suggest that KOLBM20 strain lysate may prevent UVB-induced MMP-1 expression by inhibiting the activation of the ERK, JNK, and p38 signaling pathways induced by UVB. Consequently, KOLBM20 strain lysate holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and treating skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sung Lee
- Department of Applied Biotechnology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea;
- R&D Complex, Kolmar Korea, 61, 8-gil, Heolleung-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06800, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.G.); (Y.-W.K.)
| | - Jin-Woo Min
- Green & Biome Customizing Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18471, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.M.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - Seong-Bong Gye
- R&D Complex, Kolmar Korea, 61, 8-gil, Heolleung-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06800, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.G.); (Y.-W.K.)
| | - Yong-Woo Kim
- R&D Complex, Kolmar Korea, 61, 8-gil, Heolleung-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06800, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.G.); (Y.-W.K.)
| | - Hee-Cheol Kang
- Green & Biome Customizing Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18471, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.M.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - Yoon-Seo Choi
- Graduate School-Interdisciplinary Program in Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea;
| | - Won-Sang Seo
- Green & Biome Customizing Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18471, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.M.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - Bun-Yeoul Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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Role of c-Src and reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular diseases. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:315-328. [PMID: 36700976 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-023-01992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, caused by the over production of oxidants or inactivity of antioxidants, can modulate the redox state of several target proteins such as tyrosine kinases, mitogen-activated protein kinases and tyrosine phosphatases. c-Src is one such non-receptor tyrosine kinase which activates NADPH oxidases (Noxs) in response to various growth factors and shear stress. Interaction between c-Src and Noxs is influenced by cell type and primary messengers such as angiotensin II, which binds to G-protein coupled receptor and activates the intracellular signaling cascade. c-Src stimulated activation of Noxs results in elevated release of intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS species disturb vascular homeostasis and cause cardiac hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis and hypertension. Interaction between c-Src and ROS in the pathobiology of cardiac fibrosis is hypothesized to be influenced by cell type and stimuli. c-Src and ROS have a bidirectional relationship, thus increased ROS levels due to c-Src mediated activation of Noxs can further activate c-Src by promoting the oxidation and sulfenylation of critical cysteine residues. This review highlights the role of c-Src and ROS in mediating downstream signaling pathways underlying cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, due to the central role of c-Src in activation of various signaling proteins involved in differentiation, migration, proliferation, and cytoskeletal reorganization of vascular cells, it is presented as therapeutic target for treating cardiovascular diseases except cardiac fibrosis.
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Ginsenoside Rb1 from Panax notoginseng Suppressed TNF-α-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 via the Suppression of Double-Strand RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase (PKR)/NF-κB Pathway. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27228050. [PMID: 36432152 PMCID: PMC9692425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is commonly accompanied by the stimulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) production and the degradation of the extracellular matrix. The overexpression of MMP-9 (Gelatinase B) highly participates in the progression of pathetic cardiac remodeling and liver cancer metastasis. Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen (Sanqi), a widely used traditional Chinese medicinal herb, shows myocardial protective and anti-tumor effects. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effect of different PNG extracts on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced MMP-9 expression in cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells. Using a bioassay-guided fractionation scheme, the most active extract was fractionated by silica gel column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography until an active compound was obtained. The compound was identified as Ginsenoside Rb1 by nuclear magnetic resonance. Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibited TNF-α-induced MMP-9 production in both H9c2 and liver carcinoma HepG-2 cells. Interestingly, it did not affect the MMP-2 (Gelatinase A) level and the cell proliferation of the two cell lines. The inhibitory effects of Ginsenoside Rb1 may be due to its modulation of double-strand RNA-dependent protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways. The results reveal the potential use of Ginsenoside Rb1 for the treatment of inflammatory and MMP-9-related cardiac remodeling and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinomas.
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The ubiquitination of CKIP-1 mediated by Src aggravates diabetic renal fibrosis (original article). Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115339. [PMID: 36347273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Karduz G, Yaman MO, Altan M, Sahin G, Toraman F, Aksu U. St. Thomas and del Nido cardioplegia are superior to Custodiol cardioplegia in a rat model of donor heart. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2020; 55:122-128. [PMID: 33185130 DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2020.1846772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiac transplantation is an effective treatment for advanced heart disease and protection of the donor organ is directly associated with post-transplantation outcomes. Cardioplegic strategies intend to protect the donor heart against ischemic injury during transplantation procedures. In our study, the effects of three different cardioplegia solutions were evaluated in a rat heart donor model in terms of cellular base. Design. Cardioplegia solutions as St. Thomas, del Nido or Custodiol were administered to male Wistar albino rats until cardiac arrest. Arrested hearts were excised and incubated in cold cardioplegia solutions for 4 h. Organ bath experiments were performed using the right ventricular free wall strips of the heart tissues. ATP, sialic acid, TNF-α levels and MMP-9 activities were measured in heart tissues. Incubation media were also used to measure TNF-α and troponin-I levels following organ baths experiments. Results. Custodiol administration led to reduced myocardial contraction (p < .05), decreased ATP levels (p < .001) and increased both TNF-α levels (p < .05), and MMP-9 activity (p < .05). Additionally, troponin-I and TNF-α levels in media were significantly increased (p < .05), TNF-α levels were positively correlated with MMP-9 activities (r = .93, p = .007) and negatively correlated with ATP levels (r = -.91, p = .01) in the Custodiol group. Also, MMP-9 activities were negatively correlated with ATP levels (r = -.90, p = .01) Conclusion. Custodiol cardioplegia cannot prevent functional and cellular damage in donor heart tissue. St. Thomas or del Nido cardioplegia could result in superior functional and biochemical improvement during transplantation procedures. In this respect, these cardioplegic solutions may be more advantageous as cellular and functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsum Karduz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhittin Onur Yaman
- Department of Physiology, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Altan
- Department of Physiology, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulderen Sahin
- Department of Physiology, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fevzi Toraman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugur Aksu
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Neuromedin B mediates IL-6 and COX-2 expression through NF-κB/P65 and AP-1/C-JUN activation in human primary myometrial cells. Biosci Rep 2020; 39:BSR20192139. [PMID: 31527064 PMCID: PMC6822491 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromedin B (NMB) and its receptor regulate labor onset by mediating inflammatory factors; however the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The present study is aimed to investigate the mechanisms of NMB-induced cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression and interleukin (IL)-6 generation in human primary myometrial cells. The results indicated that NMB could increase phosphorylation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) transcription factor p65 (p65) and Jun proto-oncogene, activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor subunit (c-Jun), and in turn, markedly up-regulated the expression levels of COX-2 and IL-6. This up-regulation was significantly attenuated by knockdown of p65 or c-Jun, and enhanced by overexpression of p65 or c-Jun. Furthermore, we identified a potential interaction between p65 and c-Jun following NMB stimulation. In addition, a significant positive correlation was observed between the amount of phosphorylated p65 and the levels of COX-2 and IL-6, and between the amount of phosphorylated c-Jun and COX-2 and IL-6 levels. These data suggested that NMB-induced COX-2 and IL-6 expression were mediated via p65 and c-Jun activation.
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Chen J, Shi Y, Huang J, Luo J, Zhang W. Neuromedin B receptor mediates neuromedin B-induced COX-2 and IL-6 expression in human primary myometrial cells. J Investig Med 2020; 68:1171-1178. [PMID: 32699178 PMCID: PMC7418630 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2020-001412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The precise mechanisms that lead to parturition remain unclear. In our initial complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray experiment, we found that the neuromedin B receptor (NMBR) was differentially expressed in the human myometrium during spontaneous or oxytocin-induced labor. We have previously shown that neuromedin B (NMB) could induce interleukin 6 (IL-6) and type 2 cyclo-oxygenase enzyme (COX-2) expression in the primary human myometrial cells via nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor p65 (p65) and Jun proto-oncogene, activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor subunit (c-Jun). This study is aimed to investigate whether NMBR is required for NMB-induced effect. Primary myometrial cell culture was established to provide a suitable model to investigate the mechanism of NMB in labor initiation. Immunochemical staining was conducted to validate the NMBR expression in primary myometrial cells. The mRNA and protein expression of NMBR, p65, c-Jun, COX-2 and IL-6 were assessed by Quantitative Real Time PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Lentiviruses with shRNAs targeting NMBR or containing cDNA sequence of NMBR were transfected to primary myometrial cells to knockdown or overexpress NMBR. Cell death was determined by annexin V and propidium iodide staining and analyzed by flow cytometry. The upregulation of COX-2 and IL-6 and phosphorylation of p65 and c-Jun were significantly attenuated by knockdown of NMBR and enhanced by overexpressed NMBR following NMB treatment, with no significant change in total p65 and c-Jun. In summary, this study showed that NMBR-mediated NMB-induced NF-κB and AP-1 activation, which in turn, induce expression of IL-6 and COX-2 in primary myometrial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingrui Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiefeng Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weishe Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China .,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Early Life Development and Disease Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression Associated with Cell Migration in Rat Brain Astrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010259. [PMID: 31905967 PMCID: PMC6982104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a landmark of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, one member of MMPs, has been shown to contribute to the pathology of these brain diseases. Several experimental models have demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exerts a pathological role through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. However, the mechanisms underlying LPS-induced MMP-9 expression in rat brain astrocytes (RBA-1) are not completely understood. Here, we applied pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA transfection to assess the levels of MMP-9 protein, mRNA, and promoter activity, as well as protein kinase phosphorylation in RBA-1 cells triggered by LPS. We found that LPS-induced expression of pro-form MMP-9 and cell migration were mediated through TLR4, proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (c-Src), proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK)1/2 signaling molecules in RBA-1 cells. In addition, LPS-stimulated binding of c-Jun to the MMP-9 promoter was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, which was blocked by pretreatment with c-Src inhibitor II, PF431396, AG1296, LY294002, Akt inhibitor VIII, p38 MAP kinase inhibitor VIII, SP600125, and tanshinone IIA. These results suggest that in RBA-1 cells, LPS activates a TLR4/c-Src/Pyk2/PDGFR/PI3K/Akt/p38 MAPK and JNK1/2 pathway, which in turn triggers activator protein 1 (AP-1) activation and ultimately induces MMP-9 expression and cell migration.
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Resveratrol Attenuates Staphylococcus Aureus-Induced Monocyte Adhesion through Downregulating PDGFR/AP-1 Activation in Human Lung Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103058. [PMID: 30301269 PMCID: PMC6213130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a very common Gram-positive bacterium. It is widely distributed in air, soil, and water. S. aureus often causes septicemia and pneumonia in patients. In addition, it is considered to play a key role in mediating cell adhesion molecules upregulation. Resveratrol is a natural antioxidant with diverse biological effects, including the modulation of immune function, anti-inflammation, and cancer chemoprevention. In this study, we proved that S. aureus-upregulated vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression in human lung epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) was inhibited by resveratrol. We also observed that resveratrol downregulated S. aureus-enhanced leukocyte count in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in mice. In HPAEpiCs, S. aureus stimulated c-Src, PDGFR, p38 MAPK, or JNK1/2 phosphorylation, which was inhibited by resveratrol. S. aureus induced the adhesion of THP-1 cells (a human monocytic cell line) to HPAEpiCs, which was also reduced by resveratrol. Finally, we found that S. aureus induced c-Src/PDGFR/p38 MAPK and JNK1/2-dependent c-Jun and ATF2 activation and in vivo binding of c-Jun and ATF2 to the VCAM-1 promoter, which were inhibited by resveratrol. Thus, resveratrol functions as a suppressor of S. aureus-induced inflammatory signaling, not only by inhibiting VCAM-1 expression but also by diminishing c-Src, PDGFR, JNK1/2, p38 MAPK, and AP-1 activation in HPAEpiCs.
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Mechanical stresses induce paracrine β-2 microglobulin from cardiomyocytes to activate cardiac fibroblasts through epidermal growth factor receptor. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1855-1874. [PMID: 30072448 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
By employing a proteomic analysis on supernatant of mechanically stretched cardiomyocytes, we found that stretch induced a significantly high level of β-2 microglobulin (β2M), a non-glycosylated protein, which is related to inflammatory diseases but rarely known in cardiovascular diseases. The present data showed that serum β2M level was increased in patients with hypertension and further increased in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) as compared with control group, and the high level of serum β2M level correlated to cardiac dysfunction in these patients. In pressure overload mice model by transverse aortic constriction (TAC), β2M levels in serum and heart tissue increased progressively in a time-dependent manner. Exogenous β2M showed pro-fibrotic effects in cultured cardiac fibroblasts but few effects in cardiomyocytes. Adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-mediated knockdown of β2M significantly reduced cardiac β2M level and inhibited myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction but not cardiac hypertrophy at 4 weeks after TAC. In vitro, mechanical stretch induced the rapid secretion of β2M mainly from cardiomyocytes by activation of extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK). Conditional medium (CM) from mechanically stretched cardiomyocytes activated cultured cardiac fibroblasts, and the effect was partly abolished by CM from β2M-knockdown cardiomyocytes. In vivo, knockdown of β2M inhibited the increase in phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) induced by TAC. In cultured cardiac fibroblasts, inhibition of EGFR significantly attenuated the β2M-induced the activation of EGFR and pro-fibrotic responses. The present study suggests that β2M is a paracrine pro-fibrotic mediator and associated with cardiac dysfunction in response to pressure overload.
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Jin Y, Wu Z, Wang N, Duan S, Wu Y, Wang J, Wu W, Feng F. Association of EGF Receptor and NLRs signaling with Cardiac Inflammation and Fibrosis in Mice Exposed to Fine Particulate Matter. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2016; 30:429-37. [PMID: 27158778 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ЄAmbient fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) could induce cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but the mechanism remains unknown. To investigate the roles of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs) in PM2.5 -induced cardiac injury, we set up a BALB/c mice model of PM2.5 -induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis with intratracheal instillation of PM2.5 suspension (4.0 mg/kg b.w.) for 5 consecutive days (once per day). After exposure, we found that mRNA levels of CXCL1, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-18 were elevated, but interestingly, mRNA level of NLRP12 was significant decreased in heart tissue from PM2.5 -induced mice compared with those of saline-treated mice using real-time PCR. Protein levels of phospho-EGFR (Tyr1068), phospho-Akt (Thr308), NLRP3, NF-κB-p52/p100, and NF-κB-p65 in heart tissue of PM2.5 -exposed mice were all significantly increased using immunohistochemistry or Western blotting. Therefore, PM2.5 exposure could induce cardiac inflammatory injury in mice, which may be involved with EGFR/Akt signaling, NLRP3, and NLRP12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefei Jin
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoke Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyin Duan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feifei Feng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Interleukin-10 deficiency aggravates angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling in mice. Life Sci 2016; 146:214-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Lin CC, Yang CC, Wang CY, Tseng HC, Pan CS, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. NADPH Oxidase/ROS-Dependent VCAM-1 Induction on TNF-α-Challenged Human Cardiac Fibroblasts Enhances Monocyte Adhesion. Front Pharmacol 2016; 6:310. [PMID: 26858641 PMCID: PMC4729888 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammation-dependent adhesion molecule expressions are characterized in cardiovascular diseases and myocardial tissue infiltrations. Several pro-inflammatory cytokines are elevated in the acute myocardial injury and infarction. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is raised in the injury tissues and inflammatory regions and involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac injury, inflammation, and apoptosis. In fibroblasts, TNF-α-triggered expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 aggravated the heart inflammation. However, the mechanisms underlying TNF-α-mediated VCAM-1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts remain unclear. Here, the primary cultured human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) were used to investigate the effects of TNF-α on VCAM-1 expression. The molecular evidence, including protein, mRNA, and promoter analyses, indicated that TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 gene expression is mediated through the TNFR-dependent manner. Activation of TNF-α/TNFR system triggered PKCα-dependent NADPH oxidase (Nox)/reactive oxygen species (ROS) signal linking to MAPK cascades, and then led to activation of the transcription factor, AP-1. Moreover, the results of mRNA and promoter assay demonstrated that c-Jun/AP-1 phosphorylated by TNF-α turns on VCAM-1 gene expression. Subsequently, up-regulated VCAM-1 on the cell surface of TNF-α-challenged HCFs increased the number of monocytes adhering to these cells. These results indicated that in HCFs, activation of AP-1 by PKCα-dependent Nox/ROS/MAPKs cascades is required for TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 expression. To clarify the mechanisms of TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 expression in HCFs may provide therapeutic strategies for heart injury and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-KouTao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Tseng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Shuo Pan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTao-Yuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and TechnologyTao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Chien PTY, Lin CC, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. Induction of HO-1 by carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 attenuates thrombin-induced COX-2 expression and hypertrophy in primary human cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 289:349-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yang CM, Lin CC, Lee IT, Hsu CK, Tai YC, Hsieh HL, Chi PL, Hsiao LD. c-Src-dependent transactivation of EGFR mediates CORM-2-induced HO-1 expression in human tracheal smooth muscle cells. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2351-61. [PMID: 25921464 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO), a reaction product of the cytoprotective heme oxygenase (HO)-1, displays an anti-inflammatory effect in various cellular injuries, but the precise mechanisms of HO-1 expression remain unknown. We used the transition metal carbonyl compound carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) that acts as carbon monoxide donor. The effects of CORM-2 on expression of HO-1 in human tracheal smooth muscle cells (HTSMCs) were determined by Western blot, real-time PCR, and promoter activity assay. In HTSMCs, CORM-2 activated Nrf2 through the activation of a c-Src/EGFR/PI3K/Akt-dependent pathway, resulting in HO-1 expression. We showed that CORM-2-induced HO-1 protein and mRNA levels were inhibited by the inhibitor of c-Src (PP1 or SU6656), EGFR (AG1478), PI3K (LY294002), Akt (SH-5), JNK1/2 (SP600125), or p38 MAPK (SB202190) and transfection with siRNA of c-Src, EGFR, Akt, p38, JNK2, or Nrf2 in HTSMCs. We also showed that CORM-2 stimulated c-Src, EGFR, Akt, p38 MAPK, and JNK1/2 phosphorylation. CORM-2 also enhanced Nrf2 translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus and antioxidant response element (ARE) promoter activity. Moreover, CORM-2 mediated p38 MAPK and JNK1/2 activation via a c-Src/EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway, which further enhanced Nrf2 activation and translocation. Finally, we observed that CORM-2 induced in vivo binding of Nrf2 to the HO-1 promoter. CORM-2 activates the c-Src/EGFR/PI3K/Akt/JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways, which in turn trigger Nrf2 activation and ultimately induces HO-1 expression in HTSMCs. Thus, the HO-1/CO system might be potential therapeutics in airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkuo and Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kai Hsu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Tai
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Lung Hsieh
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Chi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkuo and Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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16
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Bunaciu RP, Jensen HA, MacDonald RJ, LaTocha DH, Varner JD, Yen A. 6-Formylindolo(3,2-b)Carbazole (FICZ) Modulates the Signalsome Responsible for RA-Induced Differentiation of HL-60 Myeloblastic Leukemia Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135668. [PMID: 26287494 PMCID: PMC4545789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
6-Formylindolo(3,2-b)carbazole (FICZ) is a photoproduct of tryptophan and an endogenous high affinity ligand for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). It was previously reported that, in patient-derived HL-60 myeloblastic leukemia cells, retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation is driven by a signalsome containing c-Cbl and AhR. FICZ enhances RA-induced differentiation, assessed by expression of the membrane differentiation markers CD38 and CD11b, cell cycle arrest and the functional differentiation marker, inducible oxidative metabolism. Moreover, FICZ augments the expression of a number of the members of the RA-induced signalsome, such as c-Cbl, Vav1, Slp76, PI3K, and the Src family kinases Fgr and Lyn. Pursuing the molecular signaling responsible for RA-induced differentiation, we characterized, using FRET and clustering analysis, associations of key molecules thought to drive differentiation. Here we report that, assayed by FRET, AhR interacts with c-Cbl upon FICZ plus RA-induced differentiation, whereas AhR constitutively interacts with Cbl-b. Moreover, correlation analysis based on the flow cytometric assessment of differentiation markers and western blot detection of signaling factors reveal that Cbl-b, p-p38α and pT390-GSK3β, are not correlated with other known RA-induced signaling components or with a phenotypic outcome. We note that FICZ plus RA elicited signaling responses that were not typical of RA alone, but may represent alternative differentiation-driving pathways. In clusters of signaling molecules seminal to cell differentiation, FICZ co-administered with RA augments type and intensity of the dynamic changes induced by RA. Our data suggest relevance for FICZ in differentiation-induction therapy. The mechanism of action includes modulation of a SFK and MAPK centered signalsome and c-Cbl-AhR association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodica P. Bunaciu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
| | - Holly A. Jensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
| | - Robert J. MacDonald
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
| | - Dorian H. LaTocha
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey D. Varner
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
| | - Andrew Yen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Lin CC, Pan CS, Wang CY, Liu SW, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces VCAM-1-mediated inflammation via c-Src-dependent transactivation of EGF receptors in human cardiac fibroblasts. J Biomed Sci 2015; 22:53. [PMID: 26173590 PMCID: PMC4502472 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-015-0165-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine and elevated in the regions of tissue injury and inflammatory diseases. The deleterious effects of TNF-α on fibroblasts may aggravate heart inflammation mediated through the up-regulation of adhesion molecules such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). However, the mechanisms underlying TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the roles of TNF-α in VCAM-1 expression and its effects on human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs). RESULTS The primary culture HCFs were used in this study. The results obtained with Western blotting, real time-quantitative PCR, and promoter activity analyses showed that TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 expression was mediated through TNF receptor (TNFR) 1-dependent gene up-regulation. Activation of TNFR1 by TNF-α transactivated c-Src-dependent EGF receptor (EGFR) linking to PI3K/Akt cascade, and then led to transcriptional activity of NF-κB. Moreover, the results of promoter reporter assay demonstrated that the phosphorylated p65 NF-κB turned on VCAM-1 gene expression. Subsequently, up-regulation of VCAM-1 promoted monocytes adhesion to HCFs challenged with TNF-α determined by cell adhesion assay. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results indicate that in HCFs, activation of NF-κB by c-Src-mediated transactivation of EGFR/PI3K/Akt cascade is required for TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 expression. Finally, increased VCAM-1 enhances monocytes adhering to HCFs challenged with TNF-α. Understanding the mechanisms of VCAM-1 up-regulated by TNF-α on HCFs may provide rationally therapeutic interventions for heart injury or inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkuo, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Shuo Pan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shiau-Wen Liu
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkuo, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkuo, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
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18
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Chien PTY, Lin CC, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. c-Src/Pyk2/EGFR/PI3K/Akt/CREB-activated pathway contributes to human cardiomyocyte hypertrophy: Role of COX-2 induction. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 409:59-72. [PMID: 25869400 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Thrombin and COX-2 regulating cardiac hypertrophy are via various signaling cascades. Several transcriptional factors including CREB involve in COX-2 expression. However, the interplay among thrombin, CREB, and COX-2 in primary human neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes remains unclear. In this study, thrombin-induced COX-2 promoter activity, mRNA and protein expression, and PGE2 synthesis were attenuated by pretreatment with the inhibitors of c-Src (PP1), Pyk2 (PF431396), EGFR (AG1478), PI3K/Akt (LY294002/SH-5), and p300 (GR343), or transfection with siRNAs of c-Src, Pyk2, EGFR, p110, Akt, CREB, and p300. Moreover, thrombin-stimulated phosphorylation of c-Src, Pyk2, EGFR, Akt, CREB and p300 was attenuated by their respective inhibitors. These results indicate that thrombin-induced COX-2 expression is mediated through PAR-1/c-Src/Pyk2/EGFR/PI3K/Akt linking to CREB and p300 cascades. Functionally, thrombin-induced hypertrophy and ANF/BNP release were, at least in part, mediated through a PAR-1/COX-2-dependent pathway. We uncover the importance of COX-2 regarding human cardiomyocyte hypertrophy that will provide a therapeutic intervention in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tzu-Yu Chien
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
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19
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Zhang Y, Sun M, Han Y, Zhai K, Tang Y, Qin X, Cao Z, Yu B, Kou J. The saponin DT-13 attenuates tumor necrosis factor-α-induced vascular inflammation associated with Src/NF-кB/MAPK pathway modulation. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:970-81. [PMID: 26157351 PMCID: PMC4495414 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.11635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effect of DT-13 (25(R,S)-ruscogenin- 1-O- [β-d-glucopyranosyl- (1→2)][β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β -d- fucopyranoside) on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced vascular inflammation and the potential molecular mechanisms. In vitro, DT-13 suppressed TNF-α-induced adhesion and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by inhibiting the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). DT-13 markedly suppressed NF-кB p65 phosphorylation, and when NF-кB p65 was over-expressed, the inhibitory effect of DT-13 on adhesion molecular decreased. DT-13 also suppressed TNF-α induced luciferase activities of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 promoter containing NF-κB binding sites. Furthermore, DT-13 markedly suppressed p38 phosphorylation and Src degradation induced by TNF-α, whereas had no significant effect on ERK and JNK activation. In vivo, DT-13 at 4 mg/kg prevented vascular inflammation and the expression of adhesion molecules induced by TNF-α in mice. These findings suggest that DT-13 abrogates vascular inflammation by down-regulating adhesion molecules associated with modulating the NF-кB, p38MAPK, Src signaling pathways, and NF-κB binding site is at least one of the targets of DT-13. This study provides novel information regarding the mechanism by which DT-13 exerts its effects on vascular inflammation, which is important for the onset and progression of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Minhui Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yuwei Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Kefeng Zhai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Youmei Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaoying Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Junping Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
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20
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Sun Y, Chen H, Ma S, Liang L, Zheng Y, Guo X, Wang M, Wang W, Li G, Zhong D. Administration of SB203580, a p38 MAPK Inhibitor, Reduced the Expression of MMP9, and Relieved Neurologic Severity in the Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis (EAN) in Rats. Neurochem Res 2015; 40:1410-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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21
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Lin CC, Lee IT, Hsu CH, Hsu CK, Chi PL, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. Sphingosine-1-phosphate mediates ICAM-1-dependent monocyte adhesion through p38 MAPK and p42/p44 MAPK-dependent Akt activation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118473. [PMID: 25734900 PMCID: PMC4348486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is frequently implicated in lung inflammation. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been shown to play a key role in inflammation via adhesion molecules induction, and then causes lung injury. However, the mechanisms underlying S1P-induced ICAM-1 expression in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) remain unclear. The effect of S1P on ICAM-1 expression was determined by Western blot and real-time PCR. The involvement of signaling pathways in these responses was investigated by using the selective pharmacological inhibitors and transfection with siRNAs. S1P markedly induced ICAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion which were attenuated by pretreatment with the inhibitor of S1PR1 (W123), S1PR3 (CAY10444), c-Src (PP1), EGFR (AG1478), PDGFR (AG1296), MEK1/2 (U0126), p38 MAPK (SB202190), JNK1/2 (SP600125), PI3K (LY294002), or AP-1 (Tanshinone IIA) and transfection with siRNA of S1PR1, S1PR3, c-Src, EGFR, PDGFR, p38, p42, JNK1, c-Jun, or c-Fos. We observed that S1P-stimulated p42/p44 MAPK and p38 MAPK activation was mediated via a c-Src/EGFR and PDGFR-dependent pathway. S1P caused the c-Src/EGFR/PDGFR complex formation. On the other hand, we demonstrated that S1P induced p42/p44 MAPK and p38 MAPK-dependent Akt activation. In addition, S1P-stimulated JNK1/2 phosphorylation was attenuated by SP600125 or PP1. Finally, S1P enhanced c-Fos mRNA levels and c-Jun phosphorylation. S1P-induced c-Jun activation was reduced by PP1, AG1478, AG1296, U0126, SP600125, SB202190, or LY294002. These results demonstrated that S1P-induced ICAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion were mediated through S1PR1/3/c-Src/EGFR, PDGFR/p38 MAPK, p42/p44 MAPK/Akt-dependent AP-1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Hsu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kai Hsu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Chi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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22
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Li Z, Yang SS, Yin PH, Chang T, Shi LX, Fang L, Fang GE. Activated estrogen receptor-mitogen-activated protein kinases cross talk confer acquired resistance to lapatinib. Thorac Cancer 2015; 6:695-703. [PMID: 26557906 PMCID: PMC4632920 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy of lapatinib is limited by the development of acquired resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of estrogen receptor (ER) signaling compensatory activation in acquired resistance to lapatinib in breast cancer cells BT474 and the related mechanism. Methods Acquired resistant cell model resistant (r)BT474 was generated with an increasing concentration of lapatinib. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to determine the changes of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2 and ER pathways in breast cancer cell BT474 after treatment with lapatinib and the distinction between BT474 and rBT474. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium and colony formation assays were employed to detect the proliferation of rBT474 and BT474 cells treated with lapatinib and/or an ER inhibitor, fulvestrant, respectively. Results Lapatinib could inhibit phosphorylation of HER2 and induce expression of forkhead-box protein O3a and progesterone receptor. Acquired resistant cell model rBT474 could grow in the presence of 5 μM lapatinib, with an apoptosis rate of only 5%. Significant inhibition of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway and the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and ER pathways were detected in rBT474, compared with BT474. Furthermore, the expressions of Src phosphorylation and caveolin-1 were also upregulated. The viability of rBT474 was markedly suppressed by the lapatinib/fulvestrant combination in vitro, confirmed by the BT474 xenograft model. Conclusion ER signaling compensatory activation may partly contribute to lapatinib acquired resistance in HER2-overexpressing/ERα-positive breast cancer cells, which might be related to PI3K/AKT inhibition and MAPK pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Tenth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Sheng Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Hao Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Chang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Tenth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Xiang Shi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Tenth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Fang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Tenth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-En Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
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23
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Hsu CK, Lee IT, Lin CC, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Mediates COX-2 Expression and PGE2/IL-6 Secretion via c-Src-Dependent AP-1 Activation. J Cell Physiol 2014; 230:702-15. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kai Hsu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Kwei-San Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Kwei-San Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Anesthetics; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Kwei-San Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Anesthetics; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Kwei-San Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Kwei-San Tao-Yuan Taiwan
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24
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Lee CS, Bae IH, Han J, Choi GY, Hwang KH, Kim DH, Yeom MH, Park YH, Park M. Compound K inhibits MMP-1 expression through suppression of c-Src-dependent ERK activation in TNF-α-stimulated dermal fibroblast. Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:819-24. [PMID: 25181017 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Compound K (CK) is one of the major metabolites of ginsenosides exhibiting a variety of pharmacological properties such as anti-ageing, anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the protective efficacy of CK in abnormal skin conditions with inflammatory responses was not examined. Here, we investigated the effects of CK on matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and type I procollagen production in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated human skin fibroblasts HS68 cells and human skin equivalents. We found that CK suppressed MMP-1 secretion and increased the level of reduced type I procollagen secretion, caused by the inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation, but not p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation in TNF-α-stimulated HS68 cells. Then, we focused on the involvement of the c-Src and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as upstream signalling molecules for ERK activation by TNF-α in HS68 cells. CK suppressed the phosphorylation of c-Src/EGFR by TNF-α, which led to the inactivation of downstream signalling molecules including AKT and MEK. In addition, CK suppressed AP-1 (c-jun and c-fos) phosphorylation as downstream transcription factors of active ERK for MMP-1 expression in TNFα-stimulated HS68 cells. These results showed novel mechanisms by which CK inhibits TNF-α-induced MMP-1 expression through the inactivation of c-Src/EGFR-dependent ERK/AP-1 signalling pathway, resulting in the inhibition of collagen degradation in human fibroblast cells. Therefore, CK may be a promising protective agent for the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions such as skin ageing and atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Seok Lee
- Medical Beauty Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin, Korea
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25
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Chien PTY, Hsieh HL, Chi PL, Yang CM. PAR1-dependent COX-2/PGE2 production contributes to cell proliferation via EP2 receptors in primary human cardiomyocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:4504-19. [PMID: 24902855 PMCID: PMC4209155 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Different protease-activated receptors (PARs) activated by thrombin are involved in cardiovascular disease, via up-regulation of inflammatory proteins including COX-2. However, the mechanisms underlying thrombin-regulated COX-2 expression in human cardiomyocytes remain unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Human cardiomyocytes were used in the study. Thrombin-induced COX-2 protein and mRNA expression, and signalling pathways were determined by Western blot, real-time PCR and COX-2 promoter luciferase reporter assays, and pharmacological inhibitors or siRNAs. PGE2 generation and cell proliferation were also determined. KEY RESULTS Thrombin-induced COX-2 protein and mRNA expression, promoter activity and PGE2 release was attenuated by the PAR1 antagonist (SCH79797) or the inhibitors of proteinase activity (PPACK), MEK1/2 (U0126), p38 MAPK (SB202190) or JNK1/2 (SP600125), and transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) of PAR1, p38, p42 or JNK2. These results suggested that PAR1-dependent MAPKs participate in thrombin-induced COX-2 expression in human cardiomyocytes. Moreover, thrombin stimulated phosphorylation of MAPKs, which was attenuated by PPACK and SCH79797. Furthermore, thrombin-induced COX-2 expression was blocked by the inhibitors of AP-1 (tanshinone IIA) and NF-κB (helenalin). Moreover, thrombin-stimulated phosphorylation of c-Jun/AP-1 and p65/NF-κB was attenuated by tanshinone IIA and helenalin, respectively, suggesting that thrombin induces COX-2 expression via PAR1/MAPKs/AP-1 or the NF-κB pathway. Functionally, thrombin increased human cardiomyocyte proliferation through the COX-2/PGE2 system linking to EP2 receptors, as determined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin D1 expression. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings demonstrate that MAPKs-mediated activation of AP-1/NF-κB pathways is, at least in part, required for COX-2/PGE2 /EP2 -triggered cell proliferation in human cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tzu-Yu Chien
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, Chang Gung UniversityTao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Lung Hsieh
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and TechnologyTao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Chi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, Chang Gung UniversityTao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Gallardo Bolaños JM, Balao da Silva CM, Martín Muñoz P, Morillo Rodríguez A, Plaza Dávila M, Rodríguez-Martínez H, Aparicio IM, Tapia JA, Ortega Ferrusola C, Peña FJ. Phosphorylated AKT preserves stallion sperm viability and motility by inhibiting caspases 3 and 7. Reproduction 2014; 148:221-35. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AKT, also referred to as protein kinase B (PKB or RAC), plays a critical role in controlling cell survival and apoptosis. To gain insights into the mechanisms regulating sperm survival after ejaculation, the role of AKT was investigated in stallion spermatozoa using a specific inhibitor and a phosphoflow approach. Stallion spermatozoa were washed and incubated in Biggers–Whitten–Whittingham medium, supplemented with 1% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the presence of 0 (vehicle), 10, 20 or 30 μM SH5, an AKT inhibitor. SH5 treatment reduced the percentage of sperm displaying AKT phosphorylation, with inhibition reaching a maximum after 1 h of incubation. This decrease in phosphorylation was attributable to either dephosphorylation or suppression of the active phosphorylation pathway. Stallion spermatozoa spontaneously dephosphorylated during in vitro incubation, resulting in a lack of a difference in AKT phosphorylation between the SH5-treated sperm and the control after 4 h of incubation. AKT inhibition decreased the proportion of motile spermatozoa (total and progressive) and the sperm velocity. Similarly, AKT inhibition reduced membrane integrity, leading to increased membrane permeability and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential concomitantly with activation of caspases 3 and 7. However, the percentage of spermatozoa exhibiting oxidative stress, the production of mitochondrial superoxide radicals, DNA oxidation and DNA fragmentation were not affected by AKT inhibition. It is concluded that AKT maintains the membrane integrity of ejaculated stallion spermatozoa, presumably by inhibiting caspases 3 and 7, which prevents the progression of spermatozoa to an incomplete form of apoptosis.Free Spanish abstractA Spanish translation of this abstract is freely available at http://www.reproduction-online.org/content/148/2/221/suppl/DC1.
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Neural Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Influences Their Chemotactic Responses to Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1α. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2014; 34:1047-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-014-0082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Geraghty P, Hardigan A, Foronjy RF. Cigarette smoke activates the proto-oncogene c-src to promote airway inflammation and lung tissue destruction. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:559-70. [PMID: 24111605 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0258oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) confers a 2-fold increased lung cancer risk even after adjusting for cigarette smoking, suggesting that common pathways are operative in both diseases. Although the role of the tyrosine kinase c-Src is established in lung cancer, less is known about its impact in other lung diseases, such as COPD. This study examined whether c-Src activation by cigarette smoke contributes to the pathogenesis of COPD. Cigarette smoke increased c-Src activity in human small airway epithelial (SAE) cells from healthy donors and in the lungs of exposed mice. Similarly, higher c-Src activation was measured in SAE cells from patients with COPD compared with healthy control subjects. In SAE cells, c-Src silencing or chemical inhibition prevented epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor signaling in response to cigarette smoke but not EGF stimulation. Further studies showed that cigarette smoke acted through protein kinase C α to trigger c-Src to phosphorylate EGF receptor and thereby to induce mitogen-activated protein kinase responses in these cells. To further investigate the role of c-Src, A/J mice were orally administered the specific Src inhibitor AZD-0530 while they were exposed to cigarette smoke for 2 months. AZD-0530 treatment blocked c-Src activation, decreased macrophage influx, and prevented airspace enlargement in the lungs of cigarette smoke-exposed mice. Moreover, inhibiting Src deterred the cigarette smoke-mediated induction of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -12 in alveolar macrophages and lung expression of cathepsin K, IL-17, TNF-α, MCP-1, and KC, all key factors in the pathogenesis of COPD. These results indicate that activation of the proto-oncogene c-Src by cigarette smoke promotes processes linked to the development of COPD.
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Yang CM, Lee IT, Chi PL, Cheng SE, Hsiao LD, Hsu CK. TNF-α induces cytosolic phospholipase A2 expression via Jak2/PDGFR-dependent Elk-1/p300 activation in human lung epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 306:L543-51. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00320.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) plays a pivotal role in mediating agonist-induced arachidonic acid release for prostaglandin (PG) synthesis during inflammation triggered by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). However, the mechanisms underlying TNF-α-induced cPLA2 expression in human lung epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) were not completely understood. Here, we demonstrated that TNF-α induced cPLA2 mRNA and protein expression, promoter activity, and PGE2 secretion in HPAEpiCs. These responses induced by TNF-α were inhibited by pretreatment with the inhibitor of Jak2 (AG490), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) (AG1296), phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) (LY294002), or MEK1/2 (PD98059) and transfection with siRNA of Jak2, PDGFR, Akt, or p42. We showed that TNF-α markedly stimulated Jak2, PDGFR, Akt, and p42/p44 MAPK phosphorylation, which were attenuated by their respective inhibitors. Moreover, TNF-α stimulated Akt activation via a Jak2/PDGFR pathway in HPAEpiCs. In addition, TNF-α-induced p42/p44 MAPK phosphorylation was reduced by AG1296 or LY294002. On the other hand, TNF-α could induce Akt and p42/p44 MAPK translocation from the cytosol into the nucleus, which was inhibited by AG490, AG1296, or LY294002. Finally, we showed that TNF-α stimulated Elk-1 phosphorylation, which was reduced by LY294002 or PD98059. We also observed that TNF-α time dependently induced p300/Elk-1 and p300/Akt complex formation in HPAEpiCs, which was reduced by AG490, AG1296, or LY294002. The activity of cPLA2 protein upregulated by TNF-α was reflected on the PGE2 release, which was reduced by AG490, AG1296, LY294002 , or PD98059. Taken together, these results demonstrated that TNF-α-induced cPLA2 expression and PGE2 release were mediated through a Jak2/PDGFR/PI3K/Akt/p42/p44 MAPK/Elk-1 pathway in HPAEpiCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine and
| | - I-Ta Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine and
| | - Pei-Ling Chi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine and
| | - Shin-Ei Cheng
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine and
| | - Chih-Kai Hsu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, College of Medicine and
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Tsai CL, Chen WC, Lee IT, Chi PL, Cheng SE, Yang CM. c-Src-dependent transactivation of PDGFR contributes to TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression and functional impairment in osteoblasts. Bone 2014; 60:186-97. [PMID: 24361597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-9 especially, have been shown to be induced by cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and may contribute to bone inflammatory diseases and postnatal bone modeling and remodeling. However, the mechanisms underlying MMP-9 expression induced by TNF-α in osteoblasts remain unclear. Here, we showed that in MC3T3-E1 cells, TNF-α induced MMP-9 gene expression determined by real-time PCR, zymography, and promoter assay. TNF-α-mediated responses were attenuated by pretreatment with the inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK; genistein), c-Src (PP1), PDGFR (AG1296), PI3K (LY294002), Akt (SH-5), MEK1/2 (U0126), p38 MAPK (SB202190), JNK1/2 (SP600125), or AP-1 (Tanshinone IIA) and transfection with siRNA of c-Src, PDGFR, p85, Akt, c-Jun, or ATF2. Moreover, TNF-α also time-dependently stimulated phosphorylation of c-Src and PDGFR and c-Src/PDGFR complex formation, which were reduced by pretreatment with PP1 or AG1296. TNF-α-stimulated Akt phosphorylation was inhibited by genistein, PP1, AG1296, LY294002, or SH5. We further demonstrated that TNF-α stimulated ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and JNK1/2 phosphorylation via a c-Src-dependent PDGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway. TNF-α stimulated AP-1 activation, including c-Jun and ATF2 phosphorylation and AP-1 transcription activity via MAPK-dependent pathways. In addition, TNF-α-induced MMP-9 promoter activity was mediated through an AP-1 binding domain of the MMP-9 promoter region. Finally, we found that up-regulation of MMP-9 contributes to MMP-mediated type I collagen degradation and osteoblasts detachment. These results suggested that TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression is mediated through a c-Src-dependent PDGFR transactivation and PI3K/Akt cascade linking to MAPK-mediated activation of AP-1 (c-Jun/ATF2) and leading to functional impairment in osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lan Tsai
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Chi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ei Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
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Tsai CL, Chen WC, Hsieh HL, Chi PL, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. TNF-α induces matrix metalloproteinase-9-dependent soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 release via TRAF2-mediated MAPKs and NF-κB activation in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. J Biomed Sci 2014; 21:12. [PMID: 24502696 PMCID: PMC3926355 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-21-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been shown to be induced by cytokines including TNF-α and may contribute to bone inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying MMP-9 expression induced by TNF-α in MC3T3-E1 cells remain unclear. RESULTS We applied gelatin zymography, Western blot, RT-PCR, real-time PCR, selective pharmacological inhibitors of transcription (actinomycin D, Act.D), translation (cycloheximide, CHI), c-Src (PP1), MEK1/2 (U0126), p38 MAPK (SB202190), JNK1/2 (SP600125), and NF-κB (Bay11-7082), respective siRNAs transfection, promoter assay, immunofluorescence staining, and ELISA to investigate the MMP-9 expression and soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) release induced by TNF-α in MC3T3-E1 cells. Here we demonstrated that TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression was attenuated by Act.D, CHI, PP1, U0126, SB202190, SP600125, and Bay11-7082, and by the transfection with siRNAs for ERK2, p38 MAPK, and JNK2. TNF-α-stimulated TNFR1, TRAF2, and c-Src complex formation was revealed by immunoprecipitation and Western blot. Furthermore, TNF-α-stimulated NF-κB phosphorylation and translocation were blocked by Bay11-7082, but not by PP1, U0126, SB202190, or SP600125. TNF-α time-dependently induced MMP-9 promoter activity which was also inhibited by PP1, U0126, SB202190, SP600125, or Bay11-7082. Up-regulation of MMP-9 was associated with the release of sICAM-1 into the cultured medium, which was attenuated by the pretreatment with MMP-2/9i, an MMP-9 inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrated that TNF-α up-regulates MMP-9 expression via c-Src, MAPKs, and NF-κB pathways. In addition, TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression may contribute to the production of sICAM-1 by MC3T3-E1 cells. The interplay between MMP-9 expression and sICAM-1 release may exert an important role in the regulation of bone inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
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Yang CM, Lee IT, Hsu RC, Chi PL, Hsiao LD. NADPH oxidase/ROS-dependent PYK2 activation is involved in TNF-α-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in rat heart-derived H9c2 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 272:431-42. [PMID: 23774252 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
TNF-α plays a mediator role in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure contributing to cardiac remodeling and peripheral vascular disturbances. The implication of TNF-α in inflammatory responses has been shown to be mediated through up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). However, the detailed mechanisms of TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression in rat embryonic-heart derived H9c2 cells are largely not defined. We demonstrated that in H9c2 cells, TNF-α induced MMP-9 mRNA and protein expression associated with an increase in the secretion of pro-MMP-9. TNF-α-mediated responses were attenuated by pretreatment with the inhibitor of ROS (N-acetyl-l-cysteine, NAC), NADPH oxidase [apocynin (APO) or diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI)], MEK1/2 (U0126), p38 MAPK (SB202190), JNK1/2 (SP600125), NF-κB (Bay11-7082), or PYK2 (PF-431396) and transfection with siRNA of TNFR1, p47(phox), p42, p38, JNK1, p65, or PYK2. Moreover, TNF-α markedly induced NADPH oxidase-derived ROS generation in these cells. TNF-α-enhanced p42/p44 MAPK, p38 MAPK, JNK1/2, and NF-κB (p65) phosphorylation and in vivo binding of p65 to the MMP-9 promoter were inhibited by U0126, SB202190, SP600125, NAC, DPI, or APO. In addition, TNF-α-mediated PYK2 phosphorylation was inhibited by NAC, DPI, or APO. PYK2 inhibition could reduce TNF-α-stimulated MAPKs and NF-κB activation. Thus, in H9c2 cells, we are the first to show that TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression is mediated through a TNFR1/NADPH oxidase/ROS/PYK2/MAPKs/NF-κB cascade. We demonstrated that NADPH oxidase-derived ROS generation is involved in TNF-α-induced PYK2 activation in these cells. Understanding the regulation of MMP-9 expression and NADPH oxidase activation by TNF-α on H9c2 cells may provide potential therapeutic targets of chronic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Heart Failure Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.
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Cho-Clark M, Larco DO, Semsarzadeh NN, Vasta F, Mani SK, Wu TJ. GnRH-(1-5) transactivates EGFR in Ishikawa human endometrial cells via an orphan G protein-coupled receptor. Mol Endocrinol 2013; 28:80-98. [PMID: 24264576 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The decapeptide GnRH is known for its central role in the regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. In addition, it is also known to have local effects within peripheral tissues. The zinc metalloendopeptidase, EC 3.4.24.15 (EP24.15), can cleave GnRH at the Tyr(5)-Gly(6) bond to form the pentapeptide, GnRH-(1-5). The central and peripheral effect of GnRH-(1-5) is different from its parent peptide, GnRH. In the current study, we examined the effect of GnRH-(1-5) on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation and cellular migration. Using the Ishikawa cell line as a model of endometrial cancer, we demonstrate that GnRH-(1-5) stimulates epidermal growth factor release, increases the phosphorylation of EGFR (P < .05) at three tyrosine sites (992, 1045, 1068), and promotes cellular migration. In addition, we also demonstrate that these actions of GnRH-(1-5) are mediated by the orphan G protein-coupled receptor 101 (GPR101). Down-regulation of GPR101 expression blocked the GnRH-(1-5)-mediated release of epidermal growth factor and the subsequent phosphorylation of EGFR and cellular migration. These results suggest that GPR101 is a critical requirement for GnRH-(1-5) transactivation of EGFR in Ishikawa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelaine Cho-Clark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (T.J.W., M.C., F.V.) and the Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology (D.O.L., T.J.W.), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Neuroscience (S.K.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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