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Antony A, Purayil AK, Olakkaran S, Dhannura S, Shekh S, Gowd KH, Gurushankara HP. Antimicrobial and antitumor properties of anuran peptide temporin-SHf induce apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells. Amino Acids 2024; 56:12. [PMID: 38319435 PMCID: PMC10847208 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Temporin-SHf is a linear, ultra-short, hydrophobic, α-helix, and phe-rich cationic antimicrobial peptide. The antitumor activities and mechanism of temporin-SHf-induced cancer cell death are unknown. The temporin-SHf was synthesized by solid-phase Fmoc chemistry and antimicrobial and antitumor activities were investigated. Temporin-SHf was microbiocidal, non-hemolytic, and cytotoxic to human cancer cells but not to non-tumorigenic cells. It affected the cancer cells' lysosomal integrity and caused cell membrane damage. The temporin-SHf inhibited A549 cancer cell proliferation and migration. It is anti-angiogenic and causes cancer cell death through apoptosis. The molecular mechanism of action of temporin-SHf confirmed that it kills cancer cells by triggering caspase-dependent apoptosis through an intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Owing to its short length and broad spectrum of antitumor activity, temporin-SHf is a promising candidate for developing a new class of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anet Antony
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, India
- Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, 673 635, India
| | - Anupama Kizhakke Purayil
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, India
- Department of Molecular Biology, Kannur University, Dr. Janakiammal Campus, Thalasserry, Palayad, Kerala, 670 661, India
| | - Shilpa Olakkaran
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, India
- Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, 673 635, India
| | - Shweta Dhannura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, 585 367, India
| | - Shamasoddin Shekh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, 585 367, India
| | - Konkallu Hanumae Gowd
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, 585 367, India
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Alamdari-Palangi V, Jaberi KR, Shahverdi M, Naeimzadeh Y, Tajbakhsh A, Khajeh S, Razban V, Fallahi J. Recent advances and applications of peptide-agent conjugates for targeting tumor cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:15249-15273. [PMID: 37581648 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer, being a complex disease, presents a major challenge for the scientific and medical communities. Peptide therapeutics have played a significant role in different medical practices, including cancer treatment. METHOD This review provides an overview of the current situation and potential development prospects of anticancer peptides (ACPs), with a particular focus on peptide vaccines and peptide-drug conjugates for cancer treatment. RESULTS ACPs can be used directly as cytotoxic agents (molecularly targeted peptides) or can act as carriers (guiding missile) of chemotherapeutic agents and radionuclides by specifically targeting cancer cells. More than 60 natural and synthetic cationic peptides are approved in the USA and other major markets for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Compared to traditional cancer treatments, peptides exhibit anticancer activity with high specificity and the ability to rapidly kill target cancer cells. ACP's target and kill cancer cells via different mechanisms, including membrane disruption, pore formation, induction of apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and regulation of the immune system. Modified peptides have been developed as carriers for drugs, vaccines, and peptide-drug conjugates, which have been evaluated in various phases of clinical trials for the treatment of different types of solid and leukemia cancer. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the potential of ACPs as a promising therapeutic option for cancer treatment, particularly through the use of peptide vaccines and peptide-drug conjugates. Despite the limitations of peptides, such as poor metabolic stability and low bioavailability, modified peptides show promise in addressing these challenges. Various mechanism of action of anticancer peptides. Modes of action against cancer cells including: inducing apoptosis by cytochrome c release, direct cell membrane lysis (necrosis), inhibiting angiogenesis, inducing autophagy-mediated cell death and immune cell regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahab Alamdari-Palangi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7133654361, Iran
| | - Khojaste Rahimi Jaberi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahshid Shahverdi
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Yasaman Naeimzadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7133654361, Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7133654361, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sahar Khajeh
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Razban
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7133654361, Iran.
| | - Jafar Fallahi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7133654361, Iran.
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Salarpour Garnaie H, Shahabi A, Geranmayeh MH, Barzegar A, Yari Khosroushahi A. Designing Potent Anticancer Peptides by Aurein 1.2 Key Residues Mutation and Catenate Cell-Penetrating Peptide. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:583-591. [PMID: 37646048 PMCID: PMC10460806 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Aurein 1.2 (Aur) peptide is known for possessing anticancer characteristics devoid of conventional therapeutics side effects. For improving Aur peptide anticancer functionality, different anticancer peptides were constructed based on Aur peptide through targeting two separate strategies, including (1) sequence-based mutations and (2) adding a cell-penetrating peptide linker. Methods The study was approached by designing three different analogs of Aur, including (a) Aur mutant (Aurm), (b) Aur with N-terminal polyarginine linker (R5-Aur), and (c) Aurm with R5 (R5-Aurm). Computational molecular dynamics simulations clearly showed higher structural stability of R5-Aur and R5-Aurm compared to Aur, solely. The α-helical properties of R5-Aur and R5-Aurm were protected during 500 ns simulations in water solution while no such structural conservation was seen for Aur in silico. Results The results of the current study highlight response to one of the main challenges of cancer therapy through selective invasion of Aur to cancer cells without significant involvement of normal cells. This issue was confirmed by different assays, including: MTT assay, flow cytometry, qPCR, and nuclei morphological observations. Furthermore, this study intensifies exploiting in silico approaches for adjusting drug delivery. The results of different assessments on designed peptides reveal an anticancer activity pattern rising from Aur toward Aurm, and R5- Aur, consecutively. Conclusion The designed structure of Aur shows improved anticancer activity through molecular changes which makes it suggestable for anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamta Salarpour Garnaie
- Department of Biophysics, Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS), University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arman Shahabi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Abolfazel Barzegar
- Department of Biophysics, Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS), University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Yari Khosroushahi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Qiao Y, Han Y, Guan R, Liu S, Bi X, Liu S, Cui W, Zhang T, He T. Inorganic hollow mesoporous spheres-based delivery for antimicrobial agents. FRONTIERS OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 2023; 17:230631. [PMID: 36911597 PMCID: PMC9991883 DOI: 10.1007/s11706-023-0631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms coexist with human beings and have formed a complex relationship with us. However, the abnormal spread of pathogens can cause infectious diseases thus demands antibacterial agents. Currently available antimicrobials, such as silver ions, antimicrobial peptides and antibiotics, have diverse concerns in chemical stability, biocompatibility, or triggering drug resistance. The "encapsulate-and-deliver" strategy can protect antimicrobials against decomposing, so to avoid large dose release induced resistance and achieve the controlled release. Considering loading capacity, engineering feasibility, and economic viability, inorganic hollow mesoporous spheres (iHMSs) represent one kind of promising and suitable candidates for real-life antimicrobial applications. Here we reviewed the recent research progress of iHMSs-based antimicrobial delivery. We summarized the synthesis of iHMSs and the drug loading method of various antimicrobials, and discussed the future applications. To prevent and mitigate the spread of an infective disease, multilateral coordination at the national level is required. Moreover, developing effective and practicable antimicrobials is the key to enhancing our capability to eliminate pathogenic microbes. We believe that our conclusion will be beneficial for researches on the antimicrobial delivery in both lab and mass production phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Qiao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Clearspring RD 30th, Laishan, Yantai, 264005 China
| | - Yanyang Han
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Clearspring RD 30th, Laishan, Yantai, 264005 China
| | - Rengui Guan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Clearspring RD 30th, Laishan, Yantai, 264005 China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- Weifang Branch Company, Shandong HI-speed Transportation Construction Group Co., Ltd., Qingzhou, 262500 China
| | - Xinling Bi
- Shandong Jinhai Titanium Resources Technology Co., Ltd., Binzhou, 256600 China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Clearspring RD 30th, Laishan, Yantai, 264005 China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Clearspring RD 30th, Laishan, Yantai, 264005 China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Clearspring RD 30th, Laishan, Yantai, 264005 China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Clearspring RD 30th, Laishan, Yantai, 264005 China
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Tripathi AK, Vishwanatha JK. Role of Anti-Cancer Peptides as Immunomodulatory Agents: Potential and Design Strategy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122686. [PMID: 36559179 PMCID: PMC9781574 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The usage of peptide-based drugs to combat cancer is gaining significance in the pharmaceutical industry. The collateral damage caused to normal cells due to the use of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, etc. has given an impetus to the search for alternative methods of cancer treatment. For a long time, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been shown to display anticancer activity. However, the immunomodulatory activity of anti-cancer peptides has not been researched very extensively. The interconnection of cancer and immune responses is well-known. Hence, a search and design of molecules that can show anti-cancer and immunomodulatory activity can be lead molecules in this field. A large number of anti-cancer peptides show good immunomodulatory activity by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory responses that assist cancer progression. Here, we thoroughly review both the naturally occurring and synthetic anti-cancer peptides that are reported to possess both anti-cancer and immunomodulatory activity. We also assess the structural and biophysical parameters that can be utilized to improve the activity. Both activities are mostly reported by different groups, however, we discuss them together to highlight their interconnection, which can be used in the future to design peptide drugs in the field of cancer therapeutics.
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Bioactive cationic peptides as potential agents for breast cancer treatment. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:230394. [PMID: 34874400 PMCID: PMC8655503 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211218c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer continues to affect millions of women worldwide, and the number of new cases dramatically increases every year. The physiological causes behind the disease are still not fully understood. One in every 100 cases can occur in men, and although the frequency is lower than among women, men tend to have a worse prognosis of the disease. Various therapeutic alternatives to combat the disease are available. These depend on the type and progress of the disease, and include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and cancer immunotherapy. However, there are several well-reported side effects of these treatments that have a significant impact on life quality, and patients either relapse or are refractory to treatment. This makes it necessary to develop new therapeutic strategies. One promising initiative are bioactive peptides, which have emerged in recent years as a family of compounds with an enormous number of clinical applications due to their broad spectrum of activity. They are widely distributed in several organisms as part of their immune system. The antitumoral activity of these peptides lies in a nonspecific mechanism of action associated with their interaction with cancer cell membranes, inducing, through several routes, bilayer destabilization and cell death. This review provides an overview of the literature on the evaluation of cationic peptides as potential agents against breast cancer under different study phases. First, physicochemical characteristics such as the primary structure and charge are presented. Secondly, information about dosage, the experimental model used, and the mechanism of action proposed for the peptides are discussed.
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Chen X, Liu H, Li A, Ji S, Fei H. Hydrophobicity-tuned anion responsiveness underlies endosomolytic cargo delivery mediated by amphipathic vehicle peptides. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101364. [PMID: 34736897 PMCID: PMC8639468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide conformation can change subject to environment cues. This concept also applies to many cationic amphipathic peptides (CAPs) known to have cell membrane lytic or penetrative activities. Well-conditioned CAPs can match the properties of the target membrane to support their intended biological functions, e.g., intracellular cargo delivery; however, the intricacy in such conditioning surpasses our current understanding. Here we focused on hydrophobicity, a key biophysical property that dictates the membrane activity of CAPs, and applied a structure–function strategy to evolve a template peptide for endosomolytic cargo delivery. The template was subjected to iterative adjustment to balance hydrophobicity between its N-terminal linear and C-terminal helical domains. We demonstrate that the obtained peptide, LP6, could dramatically promote cargo cell entry and facilitate cytosolic delivery of biomacromolecules such as FITC-dextran, saporin, and human IgG. Among the evolved peptide series, LP6 has low cytotoxicity and moderate hydrophobicity, exhibits maximum change in helical conformation in response to negatively charged phospholipids, and also shows an apparent aggregational behavior in response to sialic acid enrichment. These attributes of LP6 collectively indicate that its anion-responsive conformational change is a critical underlining of its endosomolytic cargo delivery capability. Our results also suggest that modulation of hydrophobicity serves as a key to the precise tuning of CAP's membrane activity for future biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hanjie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shuangshuang Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Fei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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Sun ZG, Zhao LH, Yeh SM, Li ZN, Ming X. Research Development, Optimization and Modifications of Anti-cancer Peptides. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:58-68. [PMID: 32767954 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200729163146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anti-cancer peptides play an important role in the area of cancer inhibition. A variety of anti- cancer peptides have emerged through the extraction and structural modification of peptides from biological tissues. This review provides the research background of anti-cancer peptides, the introduction of the mechanism of anti-cancer peptides for inhibition of cancers, the discovery and development along with optimization and modifications of these peptides in the clinical application. In conclusion, it can be said that anti-cancer peptides will play a major role in the future oncologic clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Sun
- Central Laboratory, Linyi Central Hospital, No. 17 Jiankang Road, Linyi 276400, China
| | - Liang-Hui Zhao
- Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Stacy Mary Yeh
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston- Salem, NC 27101, United States
| | - Zhi-Na Li
- Central Laboratory, Linyi Central Hospital, No. 17 Jiankang Road, Linyi 276400, China
| | - Xin Ming
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston- Salem, NC 27101, United States
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Li D, Yang Y, Li R, Huang L, Wang Z, Deng Q, Dong S. N-terminal acetylation of antimicrobial peptide L163 improves its stability against protease degradation. J Pept Sci 2021; 27:e3337. [PMID: 33987904 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptide L163 was computationally designed by our laboratory; L163 is active against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria but is easily degraded in the plasma and by trypsin. Amino acid substitution, cyclization, and amino-terminal (N-terminal) acetylation were performed to obtain L163 analogs with high stability in the plasma and in trypsin solutions. The stability, antimicrobial activity, and biosafety of L163 and its analogs were investigated. Comparison with unmodified L163 indicated that N-terminal acetylation enhanced the stability against pH, plasma, and trypsin degradation, and phenylalanine (Phe) substitution for leucine (Leu) and cysteine bridge (S-S) cyclization decreased the stability. N-terminal acetylation also enhanced antimicrobial activity against MDR Streptococcus Sc181, Listeria monocytogenes, and Enterococcus E1478F; did not change the activity against MDR Staphylococcus aureus 9, Staphylococcus sciuri P254, and Staphylococcus aureus RN4220; and decreased the activity against Candida tropicalis, Candida albicans, and Enterococcus faecalis Fbc35. Phe substitution for Leu and S-S cyclization decreased the antimicrobial activity. The negative effect of these modifications was detected against biofilm formation by the tested microbial strains. Comparison of Phe substitution for Leu and S-S cyclization indicated that N-terminally acetylated L163 (L163-Ac) is the best candidate. L163-Ac peptide had the highest antibacterial activity and enhanced tolerance to temperature, pH, plasma, and trypsin and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Yang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruifang Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liang Huang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zichao Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiwu Deng
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuaibo Dong
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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Behzadi M, Arasteh S, Bagheri M. Palmitoylation of Membrane-Penetrating Magainin Derivatives Reinforces Necroptosis in A549 Cells Dependent on Peptide Conformational Propensities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56815-56829. [PMID: 33296603 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer lipopeptides (ACLPs) are considered promising alternatives to combat resistant cancer cells, but the influence of peptide conformational propensity alone on their selectivity and mechanism remains obscure. In this study, we developed N-palmitoylated MK5E (P1MK5E) and MEK5 (P1MEK5) that have the same composition of 23 residues undergoing the pH-dependent structural alterations but differ in the conformational tendency of their amino acid composites. Nonlipidated peptides were readily accumulated in the A549 cell nucleus by the direct membrane translocation and the heparan sulfate-mediated endocytosis than the lipid-raft-dependent pathway. The increased hydrophobicity favored the amino acid-position-dependent folding of P1MK5E and P1MEK5, respectively, toward the α-helical coiled-coil nanofibrils and amyloidlike β-protofibrils. At the close concentrations (∼7.5 μM) to the toxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX), P1MK5E exhibited (i) an increased anticancer toxicity through a time-dependent S-phase arrest, (ii) enhanced plasma membrane permeability, and (iii) dose-dependent changes in the cell death characteristic features in the A549 cells relative to P1MEK5 that was almost inactive at ∼75 μM. These observations were in accordance with the TNF-α-mediated necroptotic signaling in the c-MYC/PARP1-overexpressed A549 cells exposed to P1MK5E and accompanied by the ultrastructure of plasma membrane protrusions, extensive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane expansion, mitochondrial swelling, and the formation of distinct cytoplasmic vacuolation. The structural results and the bioactivity behaviors, herein, declared the significance of α-helical propensity in the peptide sequence and the nanostructure morphologies of self-assembling ACLPs upon the selectivity and enhanced anticancer effectiveness, which notably holds promise in the design and development of efficient therapeutics for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Behzadi
- Peptide Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, 16 Azar Street, 14176-14335 Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Arasteh
- Peptide Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, 16 Azar Street, 14176-14335 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Bagheri
- Peptide Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, 16 Azar Street, 14176-14335 Tehran, Iran
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Wanyan Y, Xu X, Liu K, Zhang H, Zhen J, Zhang R, Wen J, Liu P, Chen Y. 2-Deoxy-d-glucose Promotes Buforin IIb-Induced Cytotoxicity in Prostate Cancer DU145 Cells and Xenograft Tumors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235778. [PMID: 33297583 PMCID: PMC7730206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the glycolytic pathway is a critical strategy in anticancer therapy because of the role of aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. The glycolytic inhibitor 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) has shown potential in combination with other anticancer agents. Buforin IIb is an effective antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with broad-spectrum anticancer activity and selectivity. The efficacy of combination treatment with 2-DG and buforin IIb in prostate cancer remains unknown. Here, we tested the efficacy of buforin IIb as a mitochondria-targeting AMP in the androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell line DU145. Combining 2-DG with buforin IIb had a synergistic toxic effect on DU145 cells and mouse xenograft tumors. Combination treatment with 2-DG and buforin IIb caused stronger proliferation inhibition, greater G1 cell cycle arrest, and higher apoptosis than either treatment alone. Combination treatment dramatically decreased L-lactate production and intracellular ATP levels, indicating severe inhibition of glycolysis and ATP production. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy results indicate that 2-DG may increase buforin IIb uptake by DU145 cells, thereby increasing the mitochondria-targeting capacity of buforin IIb. This may partly explain the effect of combination treatment on enhancing buforin IIb-induced apoptosis. Consistently, 2-DG increased mitochondrial dysfunction and upregulated Bax/Bcl-2, promoting cytochrome c release to initiate procaspase 3 cleavage induced by buforin IIb. These results suggest that 2-DG sensitizes prostate cancer DU145 cells to buforin IIb. Moreover, combination treatment caused minimal hemolysis and cytotoxicity to normal WPMY-1 cells. Collectively, the current study demonstrates that dual targeting of glycolysis and mitochondria by 2-DG and buforin IIb may be an effective anticancer strategy for the treatment of some advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuqing Chen
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13645197488; Fax: +86-02586227805
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12
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O-glycan recognition and function in mice and human cancers. Biochem J 2020; 477:1541-1564. [PMID: 32348475 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation represents a nearly ubiquitous post-translational modification, and altered glycosylation can result in clinically significant pathological consequences. Here we focus on O-glycosylation in tumor cells of mice and humans. O-glycans are those linked to serine and threonine (Ser/Thr) residues via N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), which are oligosaccharides that occur widely in glycoproteins, such as those expressed on the surfaces and in secretions of all cell types. The structure and expression of O-glycans are dependent on the cell type and disease state of the cells. There is a great interest in O-glycosylation of tumor cells, as they typically express many altered types of O-glycans compared with untransformed cells. Such altered expression of glycans, quantitatively and/or qualitatively on different glycoproteins, is used as circulating tumor biomarkers, such as CA19-9 and CA-125. Other tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), such as the Tn antigen and sialyl-Tn antigen (STn), are truncated O-glycans commonly expressed by carcinomas on multiple glycoproteins; they contribute to tumor development and serve as potential biomarkers for tumor presence and stage, both in immunohistochemistry and in serum diagnostics. Here we discuss O-glycosylation in murine and human cells with a focus on colorectal, breast, and pancreatic cancers, centering on the structure, function and recognition of O-glycans. There are enormous opportunities to exploit our knowledge of O-glycosylation in tumor cells to develop new diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Han Z, Lian C, Ma Y, Zhang C, Liu Z, Tu Y, Ma Y, Gu Y. A frog-derived bionic peptide with discriminative inhibition of tumors based on integrin αvβ3 identification. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:5920-5930. [PMID: 32959810 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01187h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aureins, natural active peptides extracted from skin secretions of Australian bell frogs, have become a research focus due to the antitumor effects caused by lysing cell membranes. However, clinical translation of Aureins is still limited by non-selective toxicity between normal and cancer cells. Herein, by structure-activity relationship analysis and rational linker design, a dual-function fusion peptide RA3 is designed by tactically fusing Aurein peptide A1 with strong anticancer activity, with a tri-peptide with integrin αvβ3-binding ability which was screened in our previous work. Rational design and selection of fusion linkers ensures α-helical conformation and active functions of this novel fusion peptide, inducing effective membrane rupture and selective apoptosis of cancer cells. The integrin binding and tumor recognition ability of the fusion peptide is further validated by fluorescence imaging in cell and mouse models, in comparison with the non-selective A1 peptide. Meanwhile, increased stability and superior therapeutic efficacy are achieved in vivo for the RA3 fusion peptide. Our study highlights that aided by computational simulation technologies, the biomimetic fusion RA3 peptide has been successfully designed, surmounting the poor tumor-selectivity of the natural defensive peptide, serving as a promising therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biomedicine Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, 210009, China.
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14
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Limón D, Vilà S, Herrera-Olivas A, Vera R, Badia J, Baldomà L, Planas M, Feliu L, Pérez-García L. Enhanced cytotoxicity of highly water-soluble gold nanoparticle-cyclopeptide conjugates in cancer cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 197:111384. [PMID: 33113488 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Conjugation of cytostatic drugs to nanomaterials seeks to improve their low bioavailability and selectivity to overcome the important associated side effects. In this work, we aimed to synthesize water-soluble gold nanoparticles as transporters for synthetic cyclic peptides with a potential anticancer activity but with a limited bioavailability. The highly water-soluble nanoparticles (2.5 nm diameter gold core) are coated with a mixture of polyethylene glycol linkers, one bearing a terminal hydroxyl group for increasing dispersibility in water, and the second bearing a carboxylic acid group for peptide conjugation through amide bond formation. Peptide-functionalized particles have a 9.7 ± 1.8 nm hydrodynamic diameter and are highly water-soluble and stable in solution for at least one year. The morphology of the gold cores as well as their organic coating was studied using Transmission Electron Microscopy, showing that the attachment of a limited number of peptides per nanoparticle leads to a uneven organic coating of two different thicknesses, one of 2.0 ± 0.6 nm formed by polyethylene glycol linkers, and a second of 3.6 ± 0.5 nm which includes the peptide. GNP significantly enhance the internalization of the cyclic peptide BPC734 in cells as compared to peptide in solution, with improved uptake in cancerous HT29 cells. Cytotoxicity studies show that peptide BPC734 in solution is toxic in the micromolar range, whereas peptide-functionalized particles are toxic at nanomolar peptide concentrations and with a significantly higher toxicity for cancerous cells. All these results, besides the stability and expected passive tumor targeting, make these particles a promising option for improving the bioavailability, efficacy, and selectivity in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Limón
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia UB (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Vilà
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Anahí Herrera-Olivas
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Vera
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefa Badia
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Baldomà
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Planas
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Lidia Feliu
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Lluïsa Pérez-García
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia UB (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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15
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Pei X, Gong Z, Wu Q, Chen X, Wang L, Ma C, Xi X, Chen T, Shaw C, Zhou M. Characterisation of a novel peptide, Brevinin-1H, from the skin secretion of Amolops hainanensis and rational design of several analogues. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 97:273-282. [PMID: 32812694 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As drug-resistant bacteria have become a serious health problem and have caused thousands of deaths, finding new antibiotics has become an urgent research priority. A novel antimicrobial peptide, named Brevinin-1H, was identified in the skin secretion of Amolops hainanensis through 'shotgun' cloning. It has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against tested micro-organisms and has anticancer cell activity. To improve its bioactivity and decrease its cytotoxicity, two structural analogues-Brevinin-1Ha and Brevinin-1HY-were designed based on the secondary structure of the natural peptide. Brevinin-1HY, in which tyrosine substituted Pro11 , had similar activity to the natural peptide against Gram-negative bacteria and cancer cells, but showed a dramatic increase in haemolytic activity and cytotoxicity at its minimum inhibitory concentration. Brevinin-1Ha, which transferred the Rana-box from the C-terminal to a central position, had significantly decreased haemolytic activity, but also in antimicrobial and anticancer activity. The present data suggest that increasing the proportion of α-helix structure in an AMP can increase its target micro-organism bioactivity to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Pei
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zijian Gong
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Lei Wang
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Chengbang Ma
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Xinping Xi
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Tianbao Chen
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Chris Shaw
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mei Zhou
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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16
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Xie M, Liu D, Yang Y. Anti-cancer peptides: classification, mechanism of action, reconstruction and modification. Open Biol 2020; 10:200004. [PMID: 32692959 PMCID: PMC7574553 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer peptides (ACPs) are a series of short peptides composed of 10-60 amino acids that can inhibit tumour cell proliferation or migration, or suppress the formation of tumour blood vessels, and are less likely to cause drug resistance. The aforementioned merits make ACPs the most promising anti-cancer candidate. However, ACPs may be degraded by proteases, or result in cytotoxicity in many cases. To overcome these drawbacks, a plethora of research has focused on reconstruction or modification of ACPs to improve their anti-cancer activity, while reducing their cytotoxicity. The modification of ACPs mainly includes main chain reconstruction and side chain modification. After summarizing the classification and mechanism of action of ACPs, this paper focuses on recent development and progress about their reconstruction and modification. The information collected here may provide some ideas for further research on ACPs, in particular their modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Xie
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519040, People's Republic of China
| | - Dijia Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519040, People's Republic of China.,Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519040, People's Republic of China
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17
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Aljohani AI, Joseph C, Kurozumi S, Mohammed OJ, Miligy IM, Green AR, Rakha EA. Myxovirus resistance 1 (MX1) is an independent predictor of poor outcome in invasive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 181:541-551. [PMID: 32350677 PMCID: PMC7220876 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is a disease with variable morphology, clinical behaviour and response to therapy. Identifying factors associated with the progression of early-stage BC can help understand the risk of metastasis and guide treatment decisions. Myxovirus resistance 1 (MX1), which is involved in the cellular antiviral mechanism, plays a role in some solid tumours; however, its role in invasive BC remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of MX1 in BC. Methods MX1 was assessed at the protein level using tissue microarrays from a large well-annotated BC cohort (n = 845). The expression of MX1 mRNA was assessed at the transcriptomic level using the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC; n = 1980) and validated using three publicly available cohorts on Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner (bc-GenExMiner version 4.4). The associations between MX1 expression and clinicopathological factors, and outcome were evaluated. Results High MX1 protein expression was associated with features of aggressiveness, including large tumour size, high tumour grade, high Nottingham prognostic index scores, hormone receptor negativity and high Ki67 expression. High MX1 expression showed an association with poor patient outcome and it was an independent predictor of short BC-specific survival (p = 0.028; HR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.0–2.2). Consistent with the protein results, high MX1 mRNA levels showed an association with features of aggressive behaviour and with shorter survival. Conclusion This study identified MX1 as an independent predictor of poor outcome in patients with BC. Further functional studies are needed to investigate the biological role of MX1 in BC and its potential value as a therapeutic target. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10549-020-05646-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar I Aljohani
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chitra Joseph
- School of Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sasagu Kurozumi
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Omar J Mohammed
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Islam M Miligy
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.,Histopathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibïn al-Kawm, Egypt
| | - Andrew R Green
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. .,Histopathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibïn al-Kawm, Egypt. .,Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.
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18
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Pan X, Xu J, Jia X. Research Progress Evaluating the Function and Mechanism of Anti-Tumor Peptides. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:397-409. [PMID: 32021452 PMCID: PMC6970611 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s232708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors cause a high mortality rate worldwide, and they severely threaten human health and negatively affect the economy. Despite the advancements in tumor-related molecular genetics and effective new processes in anti-tumor drug development, the anti-tumor drugs currently used in clinical practice are inadequate due to their poor efficacy or severe side effects. Therefore, developing new safe and efficient drugs is a top priority for curing cancer. The peptide has become a suitable agent due to its exact molecular weight between whole protein and small molecule, and it has high targeting ability, high penetrability, low immunogenicity, and is convenient to synthesize and easy to modify. Because of these advantages, peptides have excellent prospect for application as anti-tumor agents. This article reviews the recent research progress evaluating anti-tumor peptides and their anti-tumor mechanisms, and may act as a reference for the future development and clinical application of anti-tumor peptides. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/snZy3e6sVio
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Pan
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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19
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Zhong C, Zhu N, Zhu Y, Liu T, Gou S, Xie J, Yao J, Ni J. Antimicrobial peptides conjugated with fatty acids on the side chain of D-amino acid promises antimicrobial potency against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 141:105123. [PMID: 31676352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the alarming burden of antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) seem to be novel antimicrobial alternatives for infection treatment due to their rapid broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and low tendency for bacterial resistance. To obtain promising AMPs, a series of new peptides were designed and synthesized by conjugating various lengths of fatty acid chains onto the side chain of the position 4 or 7 D-amino acid of Ano-D4,7 (analogue of anoplin with D-amino acid substitutions at positions 4 and 7). The new peptides exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against a range of bacteria, especially multidrug-resistant bacteria in contrast to conventional antibiotics. Moreover, the new peptides conjugated with fatty acid chains ranging from 8 to 12 carbons in length presented preferable antimicrobial selectivity and anti-biofilm activity. Additionally, the new peptides also exerted high stability to trypsin, serum, salts and different pH environments. Most notably, the new peptides showed a low tendency to develop bacterial resistance and they displayed optimal antimicrobial activity against the obtained resistant strains. Furthermore, the results from the outer/inner membrane permeabilization and cytoplasmic membrane depolarization assays and flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy analyses demonstrated that the new peptides exert antimicrobial effects by typical non-receptor-mediated membrane mechanisms, as well as intracellular targets characterized by gel retardation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation assays. Furthermore, the new peptides presented remarkable in vivo antimicrobial potency, anti-inflammatory activity, and endotoxin neutralization. Collectively, the conjugation of fatty acids to the side chains of D-amino acids is a potential strategy for designing hopeful antimicrobial alternatives to tackle the risk of bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ningyi Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuewen Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sanhu Gou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junqiu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Yao
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingman Ni
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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20
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Zhang H, Han D, Lv T, Liu K, Yang Y, Xu X, Chen Y. Novel peptide myristoly-CM4 induces selective cytotoxicity in leukemia K562/MDR and Jurkat cells by necrosis and/or apoptosis pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:2153-2167. [PMID: 31308628 PMCID: PMC6612960 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s207224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: There is an urgent need for the development of novel, effective, and less toxic drugs to treat leukemia. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have received much more attention as alternative chemotherapeutic agents. This study aimed to examined the cytotoxicity of a novel AMP myristoly-CM4 against chronic myeloid leukemia cells (K562/MDR) and acute lymphocytic leukemia cells (Jurkat), and further investigated its selectivity to clarify the cytotoxic mechanism. Materials and methods: In this study, the cytotoxicity and selectivity of myristoly-CM4 against K562/MDR and Jurkat cells were assessed in vitro, and the anticancer mechanism responsible for its cytotoxicity and selectivity was further investigated. Results: Myristoly-CM4 was cytotoxic to these leukemia cell lines (IC50 2–4 μM) and was less cytotoxic to normal cells (HEK-293, L02 cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and erythrocytes). Myristoyl-CM4 had stronger affinity to K562/MDR and Jurkat cells than to normal cells, while the contents of phosphatidylserine and sialic acids on the cell surfaces of K562/MDR and Jurkat cells were significantly higher than that of HEK293 cells. The myristoyl group effectively mediated the internalization of myristoyl-CM4 to leukemia cells. After internalization, myristoyl-CM4 could target mitochondria and affected mitochondrial function, including disruption of Δψm, increasing the accumulation of ROS, increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, activating caspase 9 and 3, and PARP to induce mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in both K562/MDR and Jurkat cells. Myristoyl-CM4 also induced K562/MDR cell necrosis by directive membrane disruption, and significantly decreased the level of P-glycoprotein in K562/MDR cells. Conclusion: These results suggested that myristoyl-CM4 showed selective cytotoxicity to leukemia K562/MDR and Jurkat cells by apoptosis and/or necrosis pathway. Myristoyl-CM4, thus, appears to be a promising candidate for leukemia treatment, including multidrug-resistant leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongju Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongtong Lv
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqing Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xixi Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Han Y, Lu M, Zhou J. Buforin IIb induces androgen-independent prostate cancer cells apoptosis though p53 pathway in vitro. Toxicon 2019; 168:16-21. [PMID: 31229626 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common male cancer types, androgen-independent prostate cancer possesses poor prognosis. Buforin IIb, an attractive antibacterial peptide derived from histone H2A, showed selective cytotoxicity against most cancer cell lines. However, the molecular mechanism of buforin IIb on prostate cancer cell has still not been determined. In this study, we found buforin IIb significantly inhibited the prostate cancer cells proliferation, Furthermore, buforin IIb-induced cell apoptosis through downregulation of pro-caspase 3/8/9, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase PARP and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax. In addition, buforin IIb increased the expression of tumor suppressor p53 and its target genes - p21, fas, noxa and puma. The cytotoxicity of buforin IIb on PC-3 and Du-145 cells is decreased by p53 knockdown. In conclusion, our results indicated that buforin IIb induced PC-3 and Du-145 cell apoptosis and could be considered as a potential drug for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Han
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Jinsong Zhou
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
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22
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Shim G, Le QV, Suh J, Choi S, Kim G, Choi HG, Kim YB, Macgregor RB, Oh YK. Sequential activation of anticancer therapy triggered by tumor microenvironment-selective imaging. J Control Release 2019; 298:110-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Li C, Liu H, Yang Y, Xu X, Lv T, Zhang H, Liu K, Zhang S, Chen Y. N-myristoylation of Antimicrobial Peptide CM4 Enhances Its Anticancer Activity by Interacting With Cell Membrane and Targeting Mitochondria in Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1297. [PMID: 30483133 PMCID: PMC6242968 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as highly effective and selective anticancer agents would represent great progress in cancer treatment. Here we show that myristoyl-CM4, a new synthetic analog generated by N-myristoylation of AMPs CM4, had anticancer activity against MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MX-1 breast cancer cells (IC50 of 3–6 μM) and MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumors. The improved activity was attributed to the effect of myristoyl on the cell membrane. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy results showed that N-myristoylation significantly increased the membrane affinity toward breast cancer cells and also effectively mediated cellular entry. Despite increasing cytotoxicity against HEK293 and NIH3T3 cells and erythrocytes associated with its anticancer activity, myristoyl-CM4 maintained a certain selectivity toward breast cancer cells. Accordingly, the membrane affinity toward breast cancer cells was two to threefold higher than that of normal cells. Glycosylation analysis showed that sialic acid-containing oligosaccharides (including O-mucin and gangliosides) were important targets for myristoyl-CM4 binding to breast cancer cells. After internalization, co-localization analysis revealed that myristoyl-CM4 targeted mitochondria and induced mitochondrial dysfunction, including alterations in mitochondrial transmembrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cytochrome c release. Activation of caspase 9, caspase 3 and cleavage of PARP were observed in MX-1, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cells after myristoyl-CM4 treatment. The current work indicates that increasing hydrophobicity by myristoylation to modulate peptide-membrane interactions and then target mitochondria is a good strategy to develop AMPs as anticancer agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunqing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xixi Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongtong Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huidan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kehang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuangquan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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24
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Antimicrobial peptides, nanotechnology, and natural metabolites as novel approaches for cancer treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 183:160-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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25
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Sang M, Wu Q, Xi X, Ma C, Wang L, Zhou M, Burrows JF, Chen T. Identification and target-modifications of temporin-PE: A novel antimicrobial peptide in the defensive skin secretions of the edible frog, Pelophylax kl. esculentus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:2539-2546. [PMID: 29191658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A potent natural antimicrobial peptide named temporin-PE was identified and encoded from the skin secretions of Pelophylax kl. esculentus via "shotgun" cloning and LC-MS/MS fragmentation analysis. Target-modifications were carried out to further enhance the antimicrobial and anti-proliferative bioactivities, whilst decreasing the hemolytic effect. A range of bioassays demonstrated that replacing a proline with a tyrosine residue resulted in a loss of the bioactivity against Gram-negative bacteria, but dramatically improved the hemolytic and anti-proliferative activity, indicating the FLP- motif influences the hemolytic activity of temporins. Moreover, the coupling of TAT to the peptide dramatically improved its antimicrobial activity, indicating coupling TAT to these peptides could be considered as a potential tool to improve their antimicrobial activity. Overall, we have shown that targeted modifications of this natural antimicrobial peptide can adjust its bioactivities to help its development as an antibiotic or anti-proliferative agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Qinan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; National and Local Collaborative Engineering, Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Xinping Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Chengbang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - James F Burrows
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Tianbao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
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26
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Roudi R, Syn NL, Roudbary M. Antimicrobial Peptides As Biologic and Immunotherapeutic Agents against Cancer: A Comprehensive Overview. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1320. [PMID: 29081781 PMCID: PMC5645638 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a pervasive and evolutionarily ancient component of innate host defense which is present in virtually all classes of life. In recent years, evidence has accumulated that parallel or de novo mechanisms by which AMPs curb infectious pathologies are also effective at restraining cancer cell proliferation and dissemination, and have consequently stimulated significant interest in their deployment as novel biologic and immunotherapeutic agents against human malignancies. In this review, we explicate the biochemical underpinnings of their tumor-selectivity, and discuss results of recent clinical trials (outside of oncologic indications) which substantiate their safety and tolerability profiles. Next, we present evidence for their preclinical antitumor activity, systematically organized by the major and minor classes of natural AMPs. Finally, we discuss the barriers to their clinical implementation and envision directions for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Roudi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nicholas L Syn
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maryam Roudbary
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Misra SK, Schwartz-Duval AS, Pan D. Genomic DNA Interactions Mechanize Peptidotoxin-Mediated Anticancer Nanotherapy. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2254-2261. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K. Misra
- Department of Bioengineering,
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, and Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Aaron S. Schwartz-Duval
- Department of Bioengineering,
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, and Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Bioengineering,
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, and Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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28
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Cathelicidin-trypsin inhibitor loop conjugate represents a promising antibiotic candidate with protease stability. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2600. [PMID: 28572668 PMCID: PMC5453931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidins are regarded as promising antibiotics due to their capability against antibiotic-resistant bacteria without cytotoxicity. However, some concerns about the balance of cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity, weak stability and enzymatic susceptibility sually restrict their therapeutic use. Here, we designed a series of shortened variants, Hc1~15, based on our previously characterized Hc-CATH. Hc3, the one with the best activity, after point mutation was engineered with a trypsin inhibitor loop, ORB-C, to obtain four hybrid peptides: H3TI, TIH3, H3TIF and TIH3F. All four except TIH3 were found possessing an appreciable profile of proteases inhibitory and antimicrobial characteristics without increase in cytotoxicity. Among them, TIH3F exhibited the most potent and broad-spectrum antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Fluorescence spectroscopy has demonstrated a quick induction of bacterial membrane permeability by TIH3F leading to the cell death, which also accounts for its fast anti-biofilm activity. Such mode of antimicrobial action was mainly attributed to peptides’ amphiphilic and helical structures determined by CD and homology modeling. Besides, TIH3F exhibited good tolerance to salt, serum, pH, and temperature, indicating a much better physiological stability in vitro than Hc3, Most importantly, in the case of resistance against proteases hydrolysis, current hybrid peptides displayed a remarkable enhancement than their original templates.
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29
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Szabo R, Skropeta D. Advancement of Sialyltransferase Inhibitors: Therapeutic Challenges and Opportunities. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:219-270. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Szabo
- School of Chemistry; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Danielle Skropeta
- School of Chemistry; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Centre for Medical & Molecular Bioscience; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
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30
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Moret F, Gobbo M, Reddi E. Conjugation of photosensitisers to antimicrobial peptides increases the efficiency of photodynamic therapy in cancer cells. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 14:1238-50. [PMID: 26014915 DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00038f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Some antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the ability to penetrate and kill not only pathogenic microorganisms but also cancer cells, while they are less active toward normal eukaryotic cells. Here we have investigated the potential of three AMPs, namely apidaecin 1b (Api), magainin 2 (Mag) and buforin II (Buf), as carriers of drugs for cancer cells by using the hydrophobic photosensitiser 5-(4-carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (cTPP) as the drug model, conjugated to the N-terminus of the peptides. Flow cytometry measurements demonstrated that conjugation of cTPP increased its rate and efficiency of uptake in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells in the order Mag > Buf > Api. In vitro photodynamic therapy (PDT) experiments showed that the increased uptake of the conjugated cTPP determined 100% cell killing at concentrations in the nanomolar range while micromolar concentrations were required for the same killing effect with unconjugated cTPP. Serum proteins interacted with cTPP conjugated to Buf and Api and slightly interfered with the cellular uptake of these conjugates but not with that of Mag. The data suggest electrostatic interactions of the conjugates with sialic acid and ganglioside rich domains, as lipid rafts of the plasma membrane, followed by cell internalization via non-caveolar dynamin-dependent endocytosis as indicated by the effects of inhibitors of specific endocytic pathways. Our study demonstrated that the three AMPs investigated, Mag in particular, have the ability to carry a hydrophobic cargo inside cancer cells and may therefore represent useful carriers of anticancer drugs, especially those with a poor capacity to penetrate inside the target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Moret
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy.
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31
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Zhang D, Wan L, Zhang J, Liu C, Sun H. Effect of BMAP-28 on human thyroid cancer TT cells is mediated by inducing apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:2620-2626. [PMID: 26622900 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant endocrine tumor, with significant morbidity and mortality. Bovine myeloid antimicrobial peptide 28 (BMAP-28) is a cathelicidin that is found in bovine neutrophils. In the present study, the effect and relative mechanism of BMAP-28 on the human thyroid cancer TT cell line in vitro and in vivo were investigated. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometry and a TT-xenograft mouse model were used in this study. The data obtained indicated that BMAP-28 significantly inhibited the proliferation of the TT cells in vitro. In addition, the Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay detected that BMAP-28 induced apoptotic effects in the TT cells. Moreover, the expression of activated caspase-3 and -9 was upregulated at the transcriptional and translational levels. Simultaneously, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)3 and MMP9 was downregulated following BMAP-28 treatment. Finally, BMAP-28 significantly prevented the tumor growth in the TT-xenograft mouse model. These results indicated that BMAP-28 could be a potential agent for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqi Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin Univeristy, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Lanlan Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Jinnan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hui Sun
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin Univeristy, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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32
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Ma Z, Wei D, Yan P, Zhu X, Shan A, Bi Z. Characterization of cell selectivity, physiological stability and endotoxin neutralization capabilities of α-helix-based peptide amphiphiles. Biomaterials 2015; 52:517-30. [PMID: 25818457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
While naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been of increasing interest as alternative antibiotics due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and reduced possibility for the development of bacterial drug-resistance, some concerns such as potential cytotoxicity, poor antimicrobial activity and weak physiological stability may ultimately weaken their development as antimicrobial agents. To generate AMPs with enhanced therapeutic potential, we designed α-helical hybrid peptides based on PRW4, Fowlicidin-2, Protegrin-3 and Tritrpticin sequences to gain insights into their selectivities, physiological stabilities and endotoxin neutralization capabilities. The designed hybrid peptides PR-FO, PR-PG and PR-TR exhibited high cell selectivity towards bacterial cells over human red blood cells (hRBCs). Their activities were maintained in the presence of physiological concentrations of salts or serum, indicating a high stability in vitro. The results from fluorescence spectroscopy, flow cytometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that these designed peptides killed microbial cells by increasing membrane permeability and damaging membrane envelope integrity. Moreover, the hybrid peptides effectively neutralized endotoxins while causing minimal cytotoxicities. Collectively, our results suggest that these hybrid peptides, in particular PR-FO, have tremendous potential for use as novel antimicrobial and antisepsis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ping Yan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xin Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Zhongpeng Bi
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
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33
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Gaspar D, Freire JM, Pacheco TR, Barata JT, Castanho MA. Apoptotic human neutrophil peptide-1 anti-tumor activity revealed by cellular biomechanics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:308-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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34
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Antimicrobial peptide m2163 or m2386 identified from Lactobacillus casei ATCC 334 can trigger apoptosis in the human colorectal cancer cell line SW480. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:3775-89. [PMID: 25557887 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-3018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal synthesized antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are widely distributed in nature and are toxic to certain microorganisms. Some of these AMPs are found to exhibit cytotoxic activity against the growth of cancer cells and thus have obvious anticancer potential. Here, we have studied the antiproliferation on the human colorectal cancer cell line SW480 of two AMPs, namely m2163 and m2386, identified by us from a lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus casei ATCC 334 previously. A half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 40 μg/ml is determined first using the MTT (3-(4, 5-cimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay for either peptide m2163 or m2386. The apoptosis in treated SW480 cells by either peptide m2163 or m2386 is analyzed using flow cytometry with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and propidium iodide double staining. These analyses show that a substantial population of treated SW480 cells can undergo apoptosis by either peptide m2163 or m2386. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot analyses are subsequently used to study how the apoptosis is induced in the treated SW480 cells by either peptide m2163 or m2386. While m2163 is found to induce the expression of Fas and TRAILR1, the expression of Fas, TNFR1, and TRAILR1 death receptors on the cell surface of treated SW480 cells is found to be induced by m2386. Further, the expression of some mitochondria-related apoptosis proteins such as Smac is found to be also induced, suggesting that either peptide m2163 or m2386 can trigger both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. The cell membrane permeability is greatly enhanced upon treatment with either peptide m2163 or m2386 as analyzed by the flow cytometry using both FITC-labeled peptides. The flow cytometry is also used to analyze the fluorescence intensity given by FITC-m2163 in either the mitochondria or cytoplasm fraction of the treated and fractionated SW480 cells. It is found that the detected fluorescence intensity of the mitochondria fraction is much weaker than that of the cytoplasm one, suggesting that most of the FITC-m2163 peptides are located in the cytoplasm rather than the mitochondria. This is further confirmed by a confocal microscopy study that either peptide m2163 or m2386 can localize on the cell membrane for a substantial length of time and then penetrate into the cell cytoplasm to induce the apoptosis.
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35
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Wu D, Gao Y, Qi Y, Chen L, Ma Y, Li Y. Peptide-based cancer therapy: opportunity and challenge. Cancer Lett 2014; 351:13-22. [PMID: 24836189 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional cancer therapies mainly focus on mass cell killing without high specificity and often cause severe side effects and toxicities. Peptides are a novel class of anticancer agents that could specifically target cancer cells with lower toxicity to normal tissues, which will offer new opportunities for cancer prevention and treatment. Anticancer peptides face several therapeutic challenges. In this review, we present the sources and mechanisms of anticancer peptides and further discuss modification strategies to improve the anticancer effects of bioactive peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wu
- College of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Lixiang Chen
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuanfang Ma
- College of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yanzhang Li
- College of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China.
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