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Zhang Z, Shan X, Li S, Chang J, Zhang Z, Dong Y, Wang L, Liang F. Retinal light damage: From mechanisms to protective strategies. Surv Ophthalmol 2024:S0039-6257(24)00079-1. [PMID: 39053594 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Visible light serves as a crucial medium for vision formation.;however, prolonged or excessive exposure to light is recognized as a significant etiological factor contributing to retinal degenerative diseases. The retina, with its unique structure and adaptability, relies on the homeostasis of cellular functions to maintain visual health. Under normal conditions, the retina can mount adaptive responses to various insults, including light-induced damage. Unfortunately, exposure to intense and excessive light triggers a cascade of pathological alterations in retinal photoreceptor cells, pigment epithelial cells, ganglion cells, and glial cells. These alterations encompass disruption of intracellular REDOX and Ca²⁺ homeostasis, pyroptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and the release of inflammatory cytokines, culminating in irreversible retinal damage. We first delineate the mechanisms of retinal light damage through 4 main avenues: mitochondria function, endoplasmic reticulum stress, cell autophagy, and inflammation. Subsequently, we discuss protective strategies against retinal light damage, aiming to guide research toward the prevention and treatment of light-induced retinal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Shujiao Li
- Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Jun Chang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Tongliang District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402560, China
| | - Yang Dong
- Ji'nan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Fengming Liang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
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Zhu S, Li X, Dang B, Wu F, Gou K, Wang C, Lin C. Hydrogen sulfide protects retina from blue light-induced photodamage and degeneration via inhibiting ROS-mediated ER stress-CHOP apoptosis signal. Redox Rep 2022; 27:100-110. [PMID: 35482945 PMCID: PMC9067965 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2022.2069534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a small reducing gas molecule with various biological functions such as anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of exogenous H2S in the experimental models of retinal photodamage in vivo and in vitro. Methods: Rats with open eyelids were pretreated with H2S (80~120 μmol/kg) for 10 days and then continuously exposed to blue light (435~445nm, 11.2W/m2) for 8 h to establish in vivo experimental model. ARPE-19 cells were pretreated with H2S and then exposed to blue light to establish in vitro experimental model. Results: In vivo experiments, H2S significantly ameliorated blue light-induced retinal oxidative stress, apoptosis and degeneration. Moreover, H2S inhibited the activation of blue light-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress CHOP apoptotic signaling. In vitro experiments, H2S improved blue light-induced oxidative stress and oxidative damage. H2S inhibited ROS-mediated activation of ER stress CHOP apoptotic signaling. H2S alleviated blue light-induced apoptosis and increases cell viability. The ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA alleviated blue light-induced apoptosis and increases cell viability. Conclusion: Taken together, these results indicate that H2S can inhibit ROS-mediated ER stress-CHOP apoptosis signal, thereby alleviating blue light-triggered retinal apoptosis and degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Li
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingrong Dang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Gou
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunming Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Changjun Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Badiei A, Beltran WA, Aguirre GD. Altered transsulfuration pathway enzymes and redox homeostasis in inherited retinal degenerative diseases. Exp Eye Res 2022; 215:108902. [PMID: 34954206 PMCID: PMC8923955 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Retinal degenerative diseases result from apoptotic photoreceptor cell death. As endogenously produced gaseous molecules such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) play a key role in apoptosis, we compared the expression levels of genes and proteins involved in the production of these molecules in the retina of normal dogs and three canine models (rcd1, crd2, and xlpra2) of human inherited retinal degeneration (IRD). Using qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC), we showed that mRNA and protein levels of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), an enzyme that produces H2S in neurons, are increased in retinal degeneration, but those of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), an enzyme involved in the production of glutathione (GSH), an antioxidant, are not. Such findings suggest that increased levels of H2S that are not counterbalanced by increased antioxidant potential may contribute to disease in affected retinas. We also studied the expression of neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthase (nNOS and iNOS), the enzymes responsible for NO production. Western blot and IHC results revealed increased levels of nNOS and iNOS, resulting in increased NO levels in mutant retinas. Finally, photoreceptors are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that can make these cells vulnerable to oxidative damage through reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results showed increased levels of acrolein and hydroxynonenal (4HNE), two main toxic products of PUFAs, surrounding the membranes of photoreceptors in affected canines. Increased levels of these toxic products, together with increased NO and ROS, likely render these cells susceptible to an intrinsic apoptotic pathway involving mitochondrial membranes. To assess this possibility, we measured the levels of BCL2, an anti-apoptotic protein in the mitochondrial membrane. Western blot results showed decreased levels of BCL2 protein in affected retinas. Overall, the results of this study identify alterations in the expression of enzymes directly involved in maintaining the normal redox status of the retina during retinal degeneration, thereby supporting future studies to investigate the role of H2S and NO in retinal degeneration and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Badiei
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Alaska Fairbanks, AK, USA; Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - William A Beltran
- Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gustavo D Aguirre
- Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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4
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Ogawa H, Kusumoto J, Nomura T, Hashikawa K, Terashi H, Sakakibara S. Wire Myography for Continuous Estimation of the Optimal Concentration of Topical Lidocaine as a Vasodilator in Microsurgery. J Reconstr Microsurg 2021; 37:541-550. [PMID: 33517569 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraoperative vasospasm during reconstructive microvascular surgery is often unpredictable and may lead to devastating flap loss. Therefore, various vasodilators are used in reconstructive microsurgery to prevent and relieve vasospasm. Lidocaine is a vasodilator commonly used in microvascular surgery. Although many reports have described its in vitro and in vivo concentration-dependent vasodilatory effects, limited studies have examined the pharmacological effects of lidocaine on blood vessels in terms of persistence and titer. METHODS In this study, the vasodilatory effect of lidocaine was examined by using the wire myograph system. Abdominal aortas were harvested from female rats, sliced into rings of 1-mm thickness, and mounted in the wire myograph system. Next, 10, 5, 2, and 1% lidocaine solutions were applied to the artery, and the change in vasodilation force, persistence of the force, and time required to reach equilibrium were measured. RESULTS The vasodilatory effect was confirmed in all groups following lidocaine treatment. Although strong vasodilation was observed in the 10% lidocaine group, it was accompanied by irreversible degeneration of the artery. Vasodilation in the 1% lidocaine group was weaker than that in the other groups 500 seconds after lidocaine addition (p < 0.05). Between the 5 and 2% lidocaine groups, 5% lidocaine showed a stronger vasodilatory effect 400 to 600 seconds after lidocaine addition (p < 0.01); however, there was no significant difference in these groups after 700 seconds. Additionally, there was no difference in the time required for the relaxation force to reach equilibrium among the 5, 2, and 1% lidocaine groups. CONCLUSION Although our study confirmed the dose-dependent vasodilatory effect of lidocaine, 5% lidocaine showed the best vasodilatory effect and continuity with minimal irreversible changes in the arterial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruo Ogawa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junya Kusumoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nomura
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Hashikawa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terashi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sakakibara
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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Oliveira SR, Castelhano J, Sereno J, Vieira HLA, Duarte CB, Castelo-Branco M. Response of the cerebral vasculature to systemic carbon monoxide administration-Regional differences and sexual dimorphism. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:2771-2780. [PMID: 32168385 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies about the modulation of the vasculature by CO were performed exclusively in male or sexually immature animals. Understanding the sex differences regarding systemic drug processing and pharmacodynamics is an important feature for safety assessment of drug dosing and efficacy. In this work, we used CORM-A1 as source of CO to examine the effects of this gasotransmitter on brain perfusion and the sex-dependent differences. Dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging (DCE)-based analysis was used to characterize the properties of CO in the modulation of cerebral vasculature in vivo, in adult C57BL/6 healthy mice. Perfusion of the temporal muscle, maxillary vein and in hippocampus, cortex and striatum was analysed for 108 min following CORM-A1 administration of 3 or 5 mg/kg. Under control conditions, brain perfusion was lower in females when compared with males. Under CO treatment, females showed a surprisingly overall reduced perfusion compared with controls (F = 3.452, p = .0004), while no major alterations (or even the expected increase) were observed in males. Cortical structures were only modulated in females. A striking female-dominated vasoconstriction effect was observed in the hippocampus and striatum following administration of CO, in this mixed-sex cohort. As these two regions are implicated in episodic and procedural memory formation, CO may have a relevant impact in learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciência Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Castelhano
- CIBIT, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences, ICNAS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Sereno
- CIBIT, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences, ICNAS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Helena L A Vieira
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciência Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Oeiras, Portugal.,UCIBIO, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carlos B Duarte
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- CIBIT, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences, ICNAS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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6
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Kulkarni-Chitnis M, Mitchell-Bush L, Belford R, Robinson J, Opere CA, Ohia SE, Mbye YFN. Interaction between hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide, and carbon monoxide pathways in the bovine isolated retina. AIMS Neurosci 2019; 6:104-115. [PMID: 32341971 PMCID: PMC7179363 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2019.3.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are physiologically relevant gaseous neurotransmitters that are endogenously produced in mammalian tissues. In the present study, we investigated the possibility that NO and CO can regulate the endogenous levels of H2S in bovine isolated neural retina. Methods Isolated bovine neural retina were homogenized and tissue homogenates were treated with a NO synthase inhibitor, NO donor, heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor, and/donor. H2S concentrations in bovine retinal homogenates were measured using a well-established colorimetric assay. Results L-NAME (300 nM–500 µM) caused a concentration-dependent decrease in basal endogenous levels of H2S by 86.2%. On the other hand, SNP (10–300 µM) elicited a concentration-related increase in H2S levels from 18.3 nM/mg of protein to 65.7 nM/mg of protein. ZnPP-IX (300 nM–10 µM) caused a concentration-dependent increase in the endogenous production of H2S whereas hemin (300 nM–20 µM) attenuated the basal levels of H2S. Conclusion We conclude that changes in the biosynthesis and availability of both NO and CO can interfere with the pathway/s involved in the production of H2S in the retina. The demonstrated ability of NO, CO and H2S to interact in the mammalian retina affirms a physiological/pharmacological role for these gaseous mediators in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Kulkarni-Chitnis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Leah Mitchell-Bush
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Remmington Belford
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Jenaye Robinson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Catherine A Opere
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Sunny E Ohia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Ya Fatou N Mbye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
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Han Y, Shang Q, Yao J, Ji Y. Hydrogen sulfide: a gaseous signaling molecule modulates tissue homeostasis: implications in ophthalmic diseases. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:293. [PMID: 30926772 PMCID: PMC6441042 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1525-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) serves as a gasotransmitter in the regulation of organ development and maintenance of homeostasis in tissues. Its abnormal levels are associated with multiple human diseases, such as neurodegenerative disease, myocardial injury, and ophthalmic diseases. Excessive exposure to H2S could lead to cellular toxicity, orchestrate pathological process, and increase the risk of various diseases. Interestingly, under physiological status, H2S plays a critical role in maintaining cellular physiology and limiting damages to tissues. In mammalian species, the generation of H2S is catalyzed by cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS), cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE), 3-mercapto-methylthio pyruvate aminotransferase (3MST) and cysteine aminotransferase (CAT). These enzymes are found inside the mammalian eyeballs at different locations. Their aberrant expression and the accumulation of substrates and intermediates can change the level of H2S by orders of magnitude, causing abnormal structures or functions in the eyes. Detailed investigations have demonstrated that H2S donors' administration could regulate intraocular pressure, protect retinal cells, inhibit oxidative stress and alleviate inflammation by modulating the function of intra or extracellular proteins in ocular tissues. Thus, several slow-releasing H2S donors have been shown to be promising drugs for treating multiple diseases. In this review, we discuss the biological function of H2S metabolism and its application in ophthalmic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Qianwen Shang
- Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Yao
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Bankhele P, Salvi A, Jamil J, Njie-Mbye F, Ohia S, Opere CA. Comparative Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide-Releasing Compounds on [ 3H]D-Aspartate Release from Bovine Isolated Retinae. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:692-701. [PMID: 29353375 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the pharmacological actions of a slow-releasing H2S donor, GYY 4137; a substrate for the biosynthesis of H2S, L-cysteine and its precursor, N-acetylcysteine on potassium (K+; 50 mM)-evoked [3H]D-aspartate release from bovine isolated retinae using the Superfusion Method. GYY 4137 (10 nM-10 µM), L-cysteine (100 nM-10 µM) and N-acetylcysteine (10 µM-1 mM) elicited a concentration-dependent decrease in K+-evoked [3H]D-aspartate release from isolated bovine retinae without affecting basal tritium efflux. At equimolar concentration of 10 µM, the rank order of activity was as follows: L-cysteine > GYY 4137 > N-acetylcysteine. A dual inhibitor of the biosynthetic enzymes for H2S, cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), amino-oxyacetic acid (AOA; 3 mM) reversed the inhibitory responses caused by GYY 4137, L-cysteine and N-acetylcysteine on K+-evoked [3H]D-aspartate release. Glibenclamide (300 µM), an inhibitor of KATP channels blocked the inhibitory action of GYY 4137 and L-cysteine but not that elicited by N-acetylcysteine on K+-induced [3H]D-aspartate release. The inhibitory effect of GYY 4137 and L-cysteine on K+-evoked [3H]D-aspartate release was reversed by the non-specific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), L-NAME (300 µM). Furthermore, a specific inhibitor of inducible NOS (iNOS), aminoguanidine (10 µM) blocked the inhibitory action of L-cysteine on K+-evoked [3H]D-aspartate release. We conclude that both donors and substrates for H2S production can inhibit amino acid neurotransmission in bovine isolated retinae, an effect that is dependent, at least in part, upon the intramural biosynthesis of this gas, and on the activity of KATP channels and NO synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Bankhele
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Ankita Salvi
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Jamal Jamil
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Fatou Njie-Mbye
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, 77004, USA
| | - Sunny Ohia
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, 77004, USA
| | - Catherine A Opere
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
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Bucolo C, Platania CBM, Drago F, Bonfiglio V, Reibaldi M, Avitabile T, Uva M. Novel Therapeutics in Glaucoma Management. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:978-992. [PMID: 28925883 PMCID: PMC6120119 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170915142727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by retinal ganglion cell death and alterations of visual field. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered the main risk factor of glaucoma, even though other factors cannot be ruled out, such as epigenetic mechanisms. OBJECTIVE An overview of the ultimate promising experimental drugs to manage glaucoma has been provided. RESULTS In particular, we have focused on purinergic ligands, KATP channel activators, gases (nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide), non-glucocorticoid steroidal compounds, neurotrophic factors, PI3K/Akt activators, citicoline, histone deacetylase inhibitors, cannabinoids, dopamine and serotonin receptors ligands, small interference RNA, and Rho kinase inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS The review has been also endowed of a brief chapter on last reports about potential neuroprotective benefits of anti-glaucoma drugs already present in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Bucolo
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; Tel: +39 095 4781196;
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10
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Ohia SE, Robinson J, Mitchell L, Ngele KK, Heruye S, Opere CA, Njie-Mbye YF. Regulation of Aqueous Humor Dynamics by Hydrogen Sulfide: Potential Role in Glaucoma Pharmacotherapy. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2017; 34:61-69. [PMID: 29215951 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2017.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous transmitter with well-known biological actions in a wide variety of tissues and organs. The potential involvement of this gas in physiological and pathological processes in the eye has led to several in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies to understand its pharmacological role in some mammalian species. Evidence from literature demonstrates that 4 enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of this gas (cystathionine β-synthase, CBS; cystathionine γ-lyase, CSE; 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, 3MST; and d-amino acid oxidase) are present in the cornea, iris, ciliary body, lens, and retina. Studies of the pharmacological actions of H2S (using several compounds as fast- and slow-releasing gas donors) on anterior uveal tissues reveal an effect on sympathetic neurotransmission and the ability of the gas to relax precontracted iris and ocular vascular smooth muscles, responses that were blocked by inhibitors of CSE, CBS, and KATP channels. In the retina, there is evidence that H2S can inhibit excitatory amino acid neurotransmission and can also protect this tissue from a wide variety of insults. Furthermore, exogenous application of H2S-releasing compounds was reported to increase aqueous humor outflow facility in an ex vivo model of the porcine ocular anterior segment and lowered intraocular pressure (IOP) in both normotensive and glaucomatous rabbits. Taken together, the finding that H2S-releasing compounds can lower IOP and can serve a neuroprotective role in the retina suggests that H2S prodrugs could be used as tools or therapeutic agents in diseases such as glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny E Ohia
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University , Houston, Texas
| | - Jenaye Robinson
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University , Houston, Texas
| | - Leah Mitchell
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University , Houston, Texas
| | - Kalu K Ngele
- 2 Department of Biology/Microbiology/Biotechnology, Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo , Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Segewkal Heruye
- 3 Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Catherine A Opere
- 3 Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Ya Fatou Njie-Mbye
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University , Houston, Texas
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11
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Muenster S, Lieb WS, Fabry G, Allen KN, Kamat SS, Guy AH, Dordea AC, Teixeira L, Tainsh RE, Yu B, Zhu W, Ashpole NE, Malhotra R, Brouckaert P, Bloch DB, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Stamer WD, Kuehn MH, Pasquale LR, Buys ES. The Ability of Nitric Oxide to Lower Intraocular Pressure Is Dependent on Guanylyl Cyclase. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:4826-4835. [PMID: 28973329 PMCID: PMC5624778 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-22168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose While nitric oxide (NO) donors are emerging as treatments for glaucoma, the mechanism by which NO lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) is unclear. NO activates the enzyme guanylyl cyclase (GC) to produce cyclic guanosine monophosphate. We studied the ocular effects of inhaled and topically applied NO gas in mice and lambs, respectively. Methods IOP and aqueous humor (AqH) outflow were measured in WT and GC-1α subunit null (GC-1−/−) mice. Mice breathed 40 parts per million (ppm) NO in O2 or control gas (N2/O2). We also studied the effect of ocular NO gas exposure (80, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm) on IOP in anesthetized lambs. NO metabolites were measured in AqH and plasma. Results In awake WT mice, breathing NO for 40 minutes lowered IOP from 14.4 ± 1.9 mm Hg to 10.9 ± 1.0 mm Hg (n = 11, P < 0.001). Comparable results were obtained in anesthetized WT mice (n = 10, P < 0.001). In awake or anesthetized GC-1−/− mice, IOP did not change under similar experimental conditions (P ≥ 0.08, n = 20). Breathing NO increased in vivo outflow facility in WT but not GC-1−/− mice (+13.7 ± 14.6% vs. −12.1 ± 9.4%, n = 4 each, P < 0.05). In lambs, ocular exposure to NO lowered IOP in a dose-dependent manner (−0.43 mm Hg/ppm NO; n = 5 with 40 total measurements; P = 0.04) without producing corneal pathology or altering pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics. After ocular NO exposure, NO metabolites were increased in AqH (n = 8, P < 0.001) but not in plasma. Conclusions Breathing NO reduced IOP and increased outflow facility in a GC-dependent manner in mice. Exposure of ovine eyes to NO lowers IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Muenster
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfgang S Lieb
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gregor Fabry
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Kaitlin N Allen
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Shivani S Kamat
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ann H Guy
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ana C Dordea
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Leandro Teixeira
- Department of Pathological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Robert E Tainsh
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Binglan Yu
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Nicole E Ashpole
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Peter Brouckaert
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Department of Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Donald B Bloch
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases and the Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - W Daniel Stamer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Markus H Kuehn
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Emmanuel S Buys
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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12
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Villari A, Giurdanella G, Bucolo C, Drago F, Salomone S. Apixaban Enhances Vasodilatation Mediated by Protease-Activated Receptor 2 in Isolated Rat Arteries. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:480. [PMID: 28769809 PMCID: PMC5513931 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Apixaban (APX) is a direct inhibitor of factor X (FXa) approved for prophylaxis and treatment of deep venous thrombosis and atrial fibrillation. Because FXa activates protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) in endothelium and vascular smooth muscle, inhibition of FXa by APX may affect vasomotor function. The effect of APX was assessed in vitro, by wire myography, in rat mesenteric resistance arteries (MRAs) and basilar arteries challenged with vasoconstrictors [phenylephrine (PE); 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)], vasodilators [acetylcholine (ACh); sodium nitroprusside (SNP)] or with the PAR-2 peptide agonist SLIGRL. APX (10 μM) reduced the vasoconstriction to PE and 5-HT while did not change the vasodilatation to ACh or SNP. SLIGRL induced concentration-dependent vasodilation in pre-constricted arteries, that was reduced by incubation with the NO inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) and abolished by endothelium removal. APX enhanced vasodilation to SLIGRL either in the presence or in the absence of L-NNA, but was ineffective in endothelium-denuded vessels. In preparations from heparin-treated rats (to inhibit FXa) APX did not change the vasodilation to SLIGRL. FXa enzymatic activity, detected in mesentery homogenates from controls, was inhibited by APX, whereas APX-sensitive enzymatic activity was undetectable in homogenates from heparin-treated rats. Immunoblot analysis showed that incubation of MRA or aorta with APX increased the abundance of PAR-2, an effect not seen in MRA from heparin-treated rats or in endothelium-denuded aortas. In conclusion, inhibition of FXa by APX increases vasodilatation mediated by PAR-2. APX may act by inhibiting PAR-2 desensitization induced by endogenous FXa. This effect could be useful in the context of endothelial dysfunction associated to cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Villari
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Giurdanella
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Claudio Bucolo
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Salomone
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of CataniaCatania, Italy
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13
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Qiao L, Zhang N, Huang JL, Yang XQ. Carbon monoxide as a promising molecule to promote nerve regeneration after traumatic brain injury. Med Gas Res 2017; 7:45-47. [PMID: 28480031 PMCID: PMC5402346 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.202909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is known as a toxic gas. Although there have been many studies on both toxic and protective effects of CO, most of these studies lack novelty, except for Eng H Lo team's study on the therapeutic effect of CO on brain injuries. In this commentary, we summarize the potential application value of CO in the treatment of some clinical diseases, especially its protective effect and nerve regeneration in brain injuries, hoping that our interest in CO could promote related clinical application studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qiao
- Department of Anatomy, Center of Regenerative Medicine, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Naval Aviation, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Long Huang
- Department of Naval Aviation, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Qun Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Center of Regenerative Medicine, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Caprnda M, Qaradakhi T, Hart JL, Kobyliak N, Opatrilova R, Kruzliak P, Zulli A. H 2S causes contraction and relaxation of major arteries of the rabbit. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:56-60. [PMID: 28214688 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) caused by atherosclerosis remains a worldwide burden. Hydrogen sulfide is a promising new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of CVD, however reports show exogenous H2S has both vasodilator and vasoconstrictor effects depending on organ examined, and in vitro studies in animal models which are not resistant to developing atherosclerosis are limited. We sought to determine if rabbit arteries constricted or dilated to hydrogen sulfide. MATERIAL AND METHODS The aorta, carotid, renal and iliac arteries were harvested from New Zealand White rabbits (n=4) and subjected to a concentration response curve to the fast H2S releaser NaHS. In addition, a bolus dose of NaHS was used to determine if further dilation was achievable after maximum dilation to acetylcholine similar to nitric oxide donors. Further, NaHS was used to determine if H2S could impair homocysteine induced endothelial dysfunction. RESULTS Blood vessels relaxed poorly to NaHS and contracted at higher doses. A bolus dose of NaHS relaxed then contracted the aorta, however a bolus dose of NaHS after maximal relaxation to acetylcholine caused marked contraction. NaHS did not prevent homocysteine induced vascular dysfunction. CONCLUSION NaHS at low doses caused minor relaxation of rabbit blood vessels, indicating a possible therapeutic benefit for low dose H2S in the cellular milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Caprnda
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tawar Qaradakhi
- The Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Werribee Campus, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne L Hart
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora West, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nazarii Kobyliak
- Department of Endocrinology, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Radka Opatrilova
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czechia.
| | - Anthony Zulli
- The Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Werribee Campus, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Oren DA, Duda M, Kozioł K, Romerowicz-Misielak M, Koziorowska A, Sołek P, Nowak S, Kulpa M, Koziorowski M. Retinal venous blood carbon monoxide response to bright light in male pigs: A preliminary study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 168:12-15. [PMID: 28135573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The physical mechanism by which light is absorbed in the eye and has antidepressant and energizing effects in Seasonal Affective Disorder and other forms of psychiatric major depression is of scientific interest. This study was designed to explore one specific aspect of a proposed humoral phototransduction mechanism, namely that carbon monoxide (CO) levels increase in retinal venous blood in response to bright light. Eleven mature male pigs approximately six months of age were kept for 7days in darkness and fasted for 12h prior to surgery. Following mild sedation, anesthesia was induced. Silastic catheters were inserted into the dorsal nasal vein through the angular vein of the eye to reach the ophthalmic sinus, from which venous blood outflowing from the eye area was collected. The animals were exposed to 5000lx of fluorescent-generated white light. CO levels in the blood were analyzed by gas chromatography before and after 80min of light exposure. At baseline, mean CO levels in the retinal venous blood were 0.43±0.05(SE)nmol/ml. After bright light, mean CO levels increased to 0.54±0.06nmol/ml (two-tailed t-test p<0.05). This study provides preliminary mammalian evidence that acute bright light exposure raises carbon monoxide levels in ophthalmic venous blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan A Oren
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Duda
- Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kozioł
- Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Maria Romerowicz-Misielak
- Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Anna Koziorowska
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Przemysław Sołek
- Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Sławomir Nowak
- Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulpa
- Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Marek Koziorowski
- Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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16
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Yang PM, Huang YT, Zhang YQ, Hsieh CW, Wung BS. Carbon monoxide releasing molecule induces endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation through a calcium and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt mechanism. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 87:209-218. [PMID: 27720892 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The production of nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) plays a major role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. This study elucidated the potential role of carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecules (CORMs) in NO production and explored the underlying mechanisms in endothelial cells. We observed that 25μM CORM-2 could increase NO production and stimulate an increase in the intracellular Ca2+ level. Furthermore, ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetra acetic acid caused CORM-2-induced NO production, which was abolished by 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetraacetoxy-methyl ester (BAPTA-AM), indicating that intracellular Ca2+ release plays a major role in eNOS activation. The inhibition of the IP3 receptor diminished the CORM-2-induced intracellular Ca2+ increase and NO production. Furthermore, CORM-2 induced eNOS Ser1179 phosphorylation and eNOS dimerization, but it did not alter eNOS expression. CORM-2 (25μM) also prolonged Akt phosphorylation, lasting for at least 12h. Pretreatment with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (wortmannin or LY294002) inhibited the increases in NO production and phosphorylation but did not affect eNOS dimerization. CORM-2-induced eNOS Ser1179 phosphorylation was intracellularly calcium-dependent, because pretreatment with an intracellular Ca2+ chelator (BAPTA-AM) inhibited this process. Although CORM-2 increases intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), pretreatment with antioxidant enzyme catalase and N-acetyl-cysteine did not abolish the CORM-2-induced eNOS activity or phosphorylation, signifying that ROS is not involved in this activity. Hence, CORM-2 enhances eNOS activation through intracellular calcium release, Akt phosphorylation, and eNOS dimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Min Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Qi Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Hsieh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Being-Sun Wung
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan.
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17
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Overview of Antagonists Used for Determining the Mechanisms of Action Employed by Potential Vasodilators with Their Suggested Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2016; 21:495. [PMID: 27092479 PMCID: PMC6274436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper is a review on the types of antagonists and the signaling mechanism pathways that have been used to determine the mechanisms of action employed for vasodilation by test compounds. Thus, we exhaustively reviewed and analyzed reports related to this topic published in PubMed between the years of 2010 till 2015. The aim of this paperis to suggest the most appropriate type of antagonists that correspond to receptors that would be involved during the mechanistic studies, as well as the latest signaling pathways trends that are being studied in order to determine the route(s) that atest compound employs for inducing vasodilation. The methods to perform the mechanism studies were included. Fundamentally, the affinity, specificity and selectivity of the antagonists to their receptors or enzymes were clearly elaborated as well as the solubility and reversibility. All the signaling pathways on the mechanisms of action involved in the vascular tone regulation have been well described in previous review articles. However, the most appropriate antagonists that should be utilized have never been suggested and elaborated before, hence the reason for this review.
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18
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The Gatekeepers in the Mouse Ophthalmic Artery: Endothelium-Dependent Mechanisms of Cholinergic Vasodilation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20322. [PMID: 26831940 PMCID: PMC4735817 DOI: 10.1038/srep20322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic regulation of arterial luminal diameter involves intricate network of intercellular communication between the endothelial and smooth muscle cells that is highly dependent on the molecular mediators released by the endothelium. Albeit the well-recognized contribution of nitric oxide (NO) towards vasodilation, the identity of compensatory mechanisms that maintain vasomotor tone when NO synthesis is deranged remain largely unknown in the ophthalmic artery. This is the first study to identify the vasodilatory signalling mechanisms of the ophthalmic artery employing wild type mice. Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vasodilation was only partially attenuated when NO synthesis was inhibited. Intriguingly, the combined blocking of cytochrome P450 oxygenase (CYP450) and lipoxygenase (LOX), as well as CYP450 and gap junctions, abolished vasodilation; demonstrating that the key compensatory mechanisms comprise arachidonic acid metabolites which, work in concert with gap junctions for downstream signal transmission. Furthermore, the voltage-gated potassium ion channel, Kv1.6, was functionally relevant in mediating vasodilation. Its localization was found exclusively in the smooth muscle. In conclusion, ACh-induced vasodilation of mouse ophthalmic artery is mediated in part by NO and predominantly via arachidonic acid metabolites, with active involvement of gap junctions. Particularly, the Kv1.6 channel represents an attractive therapeutic target in ophthalmopathologies when NO synthesis is compromised.
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Winther AK, Dalsgaard T, Hedegaard ER, Simonsen U. Involvement of hydrogen sulfide in perivascular and hypoxia-induced inhibition of endothelin contraction in porcine retinal arterioles. Nitric Oxide 2015; 50:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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20
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Calderone V, Testai L, Martelli A, Citi V, D'Antongiovanni V, Breschi MC. Different patterns of H2S/NO cross-talk in the control of the coronary vascular bed under normotensive or hypertensive conditions. Nitric Oxide 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2015.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Kulkarni-Chitnis M, Njie-Mbye YF, Mitchell L, Robinson J, Whiteman M, Wood ME, Opere CA, Ohia SE. Inhibitory action of novel hydrogen sulfide donors on bovine isolated posterior ciliary arteries. Exp Eye Res 2015; 134:73-9. [PMID: 25845295 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigate the inhibitory effect of novel H2S donors, AP67 and AP72 on isolated bovine posterior ciliary arteries (PCAs) under conditions of tone induced by an adrenoceptor agonist. Furthermore, we examined the possible mechanisms underlying the AP67- and AP72-induced relaxations. Isolated bovine PCA were set up for measurement of isometric tension in organ baths containing oxygenated Krebs solution. The relaxant action of H2S donors was studied on phenylephrine-induced tone in the absence or presence of enzyme inhibitors for the following pathways: cyclooxygenase (COX); H2S; nitric oxide and the ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP) channel. The H2S donors, NaSH (1 nM - 10 μM), AP67 (1 nM - 10 μM) and AP72 (10 nM - 1 μM) elicited a concentration-dependent relaxation of phenylephrine-induced tone in isolated bovine PCA. While the COX inhibitor, flurbiprofen (3 μM) blocked significantly (p < 0.05) the inhibitory response elicited by AP67, it had no effect on relaxations induced by NaSH and AP72. Both aminooxyacetic acid (30 μM) and propargylglycine (1 mM), enzyme inhibitors of H2S biosynthesis caused significant (p < 0.05) rightward shifts in the concentration-response curve to AP67 and AP72. Furthermore, the KATP channel antagonist, glibenclamide (300 μM) and the NO synthase inhibitor, l-NAME (100 μM) significantly attenuated (p < 0.05) the relaxation effect induced by AP67 and AP72 on PCA. We conclude that H2S donors can relax pre-contracted isolated bovine PCA, an effect dependent on endogenous production of H2S. The inhibitory action of only AP67 on pre-contracted PCA may involve the production of inhibitory endogenous prostanoids. Furthermore, the observed inhibitory action of H2S donors on PCA may depend on the endogenous biosynthesis of NO and by an action of KATP channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Kulkarni-Chitnis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Ya Fatou Njie-Mbye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Leah Mitchell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Jenaye Robinson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Mark E Wood
- Department of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Catherine A Opere
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Sunny E Ohia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA.
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22
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Whiteman M, Perry A, Zhou Z, Bucci M, Papapetropoulos A, Cirino G, Wood ME. Phosphinodithioate and Phosphoramidodithioate Hydrogen Sulfide Donors. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2015; 230:337-363. [PMID: 26162843 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18144-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide is rapidly emerging as a key physiological mediator and potential therapeutic tool in numerous areas such as acute and chronic inflammation, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity and cancer. However, the vast majority of the published studies have employed crude sulfide salts such as sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH) and sodium sulfide (Na2S) as H2S "donors" to generate H2S. Although these salts are cheap, readily available and easy to use, H2S generated from them occurs as an instantaneous and pH-dependent dissociation, whereas endogenous H2S synthesis from the enzymes cystathionine γ-lyase, cystathionine-β-synthase and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase is a slow and sustained process. Furthermore, sulfide salts are frequently used at concentrations (e.g. 100 μM to 10 mM) far in excess of the levels of H2S reported in vivo (nM to low μM). For the therapeutic potential of H2S is to be properly harnessed, pharmacological agents which generate H2S in a physiological manner and deliver physiologically relevant concentrations are needed. The phosphorodithioate GYY4137 has been proposed as "slow-release" H2S donors and has shown promising efficacy in cellular and animal model diseases such as hypertension, sepsis, atherosclerosis, neonatal lung injury and cancer. However, H2S generation from GYY4137 is inefficient necessitating its use at high concentrations/doses. However, structural modification of the phosphorodithioate core has led to compounds (e.g. AP67 and AP105) with accelerated rates of H2S generation and enhanced biological activity. In this review, the therapeutic potential and limitations of GYY4137 and related phosphorodithioate derivatives are discussed.
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