1
|
Zhu MZ, Yang MF, Song Y, Xu HM, Xu J, Yue NN, Zhang Y, Tian CM, Shi RY, Liang YJ, Yao J, Wang LS, Nie YQ, Li DF. Exploring the efficacy of herbal medicinal products as oral therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115266. [PMID: 37541177 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses a collection of idiopathic diseases characterized by chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Patients diagnosed with IBD often experience necessitate long-term pharmacological interventions. Among the multitude of administration routes available for treating IBD, oral administration has gained significant popularity owing to its convenience and widespread utilization. In recent years, there has been extensive evaluation of the efficacy of orally administered herbal medicinal products and their extracts as a means of treating IBD. Consequently, substantial evidence has emerged, supporting their effectiveness in IBD treatment. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive summary of recent studies evaluating the effects of herbal medicinal products in the treatment of IBD. We delved into the regulatory role of these products in modulating immunity and maintaining the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier. Additionally, we examined their impact on antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory properties, and the modulation of intestinal flora. By exploring these aspects, we aimed to emphasize the significant advantages associated with the use of oral herbal medicinal products in the treatment of IBD. Of particular note, this review introduced the concept of herbal plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) as the active ingredient in herbal medicinal products for the treatment of IBD. The inclusion of PDENs offers distinct advantages, including enhanced tissue penetration and improved physical and chemical stability. These unique attributes not only demonstrate the potential of PDENs but also pave the way for the modernization of herbal medicinal products in IBD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Zheng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei-Feng Yang
- Department of Hematology, Yantian District People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Ming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning-Ning Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Administration, Huizhou Institute of Occupational Diseases Control and Prevention, Huizhou 516000, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng-Mei Tian
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui-Yue Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Jie Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yu-Qiang Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - De-Feng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Su W, Liu C, Jiang X, Lv Y, Chen Q, Shi J, Zhang H, Ma Q, Ge C, Kong F, Li X, Liu Y, Chen Y, Qu D. An intravitreal-injectable hydrogel depot doped borneol-decorated dual-drug-coloaded microemulsions for long-lasting retina delivery and synergistic therapy of wAMD. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:71. [PMID: 36859261 PMCID: PMC9976542 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01829-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained retina drug delivery and rational drug combination are considered essential for enhancing the efficacy of therapy for wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) due to the conservative structure of the posterior ocular segment and the multi-factorial pathological mechanism. Designing a drug co-delivery system that can simultaneously achieve deep penetration and long-lasting retention in the vitreous is highly desired, yet remains a huge challenge. In this study, we fabricated Bor/RB-M@TRG as an intravitreal-injectable hydrogel depot for deep penetration into the posterior ocular segment and long-lasting distribution in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer. The Bor/RB-M@TRG consisted of borneol-decorated rhein and baicalein-coloaded microemulsions (Bor/RB-M, the therapy entity) and a temperature-responsive hydrogel matrix (the intravitreal depot). Bor/RB-M exhibited the strongest in vitro anti-angiogenic effects among all the groups studied, which is potentially associated with improved cellular uptake, as well as the synergism of rhein and baicalein, acting via anti-angiogenic and anti-oxidative stress pathways, respectively. Importantly, a single intravitreal (IVT) injection with Bor/RB-M@TRG displayed significant inhibition against the CNV of wAMD model mice, compared to all other groups. Particularly, coumarin-6-labeled Bor/RB-M@TRG (Bor/C6-M@TRG) could not only deeply penetrate into the retina but also stably accumulate in the RPE layer for at least 14 days. Our design integrates the advantages of borneol-decorated microemulsions and hydrogel depots, offering a promising new approach for clinically-translatable retinal drug delivery and synergistic anti-wAMD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Su
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Congyan Liu
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China ,grid.496727.90000 0004 1790 425XJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Xi Jiang
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Yanli Lv
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China ,grid.496727.90000 0004 1790 425XJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Qin Chen
- grid.428392.60000 0004 1800 1685Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Jiachen Shi
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Huangqin Zhang
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China ,grid.496727.90000 0004 1790 425XJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Qiuling Ma
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Chang Ge
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Fei Kong
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China ,grid.496727.90000 0004 1790 425XJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Yuping Liu
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China ,grid.496727.90000 0004 1790 425XJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Yan Chen
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 China ,grid.496727.90000 0004 1790 425XJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, 210028 China
| | - Ding Qu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng YX, Wang KX, Chen SJ, Liao MX, Chen YP, Guan DG, Wu J, Xiong K. Decoding the Key Functional Combined Components Group and Uncovering the Molecular Mechanism of Longdan Xiegan Decoction in Treating Uveitis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3991-4011. [PMID: 36420429 PMCID: PMC9677932 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s385136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Longdan Xiegan Decoction (LXD) is a famous herbal formula in China. It has been proved that LXD has been shown to have a significant inhibitory effect on suppresses the inflammatory cells associated with uveitis. However, the key functional combination of component groups and their possible mechanisms remain unclear. Methods The community detecting model of the network, the functional response space, and reverse prediction model were utilized to decode the key components group (KCG) and possible mechanism of LXD in treating uveitis. Finally, MTT assay, NO assay and ELISA assay were applied to verify the effectiveness of KCG and the accuracy of our strategy. Results In the components-targets-pathogenic genes-disease (CTP) network, a combination of Huffman coding and random walk algorithm was used and eight foundational acting communities (FACs) were discovered with important functional significance. Verification has shown that FACs can represent the corresponding C-T network for treating uveitis. A novel node importance calculation method was designed to construct the functional response space and pick out 349 effective proteins. A total of 54 components were screened and defined as KCG. The pathway enrichment results showed that KCG and their targets enriched signal pathways of IL-17, Toll-like receptor, and T cell receptor played an important role in the pathogenesis of uveitis. Furthermore, experimental verification results showed that important KCG quercetin and sitosterol markedly inhibited the production of nitric oxide and significantly regulated the level of TNF-α and IFN-γ in Lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells. Discussion In this research, we decoded the potential mechanism of the multi-components-genes-pathways of LXD’s pharmacological action mode against uveitis based on an integrated pharmacology approach. The results provided a new perspective for the future studies of the anti-uveitis mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xu Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke-Xin Wang
- Neurosurgery Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Jin Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mu-Xi Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Peng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dao-Gang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Huiqiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jing Wu; Ke Xiong, Email ;
| | - Ke Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang J, Chen S, Zhang J, Wu J. Scutellaria baicalensis georgi is a promising candidate for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:946030. [PMID: 36188625 PMCID: PMC9524225 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.946030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases a group of disorders elicited by unexpected outcome of lymphocytes self-tolerance failure, and the common members of which include multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes mellitus, etc. The pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is not fully understood and the current therapeutic regimen’s inefficacy in certain cases coupled with low rates of success, exorbitant financial burden, as well as numerous side effects, which do open new avenues for the role of natural products as novel therapeutic agents for auto-inflammatory disorders. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a well-known and widely-recognized herbal medicine with certain ameliorative effect on diverse inflammation-involved dysfunction. Though recent advances do highlight its potential to be applied in the fight against autoimmune diseases, the specific mechanism and the related opinion on the exploring possibility are still limited which hampered the further progress. Here in this timeline review, we traced and collected the evidence of how Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and its bioactive contents, namely baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside and wogonin affect autoimmune diseases. Moreover, we also discussed the clinical implications and therapeutic potential of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and its bioactive contents in autoimmune diseases treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy and Emergency, Yaan People’s Hospital, Yaan, PR, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy and Emergency, Yaan People’s Hospital, Yaan, PR, China
| | - Jizhou Zhang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR, China
| | - Jiasi Wu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR, China
- *Correspondence: Jiasi Wu,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Design of an L-Valine-Modified Nanomicelle-Based Drug Delivery System for Overcoming Ocular Surface Barriers. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061277. [PMID: 35745853 PMCID: PMC9230556 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of ocular surface disease (OSD) is increasing, with a trend towards younger ages. However, it is difficult for drugs to reach the deep layers of the cornea due to ocular surface barriers, and bioavailability is less than 5%. In this study, DSPE-PEG2000 was modified with L-valine (L-Val), and an HS15/DSPE-PEG2000-L-Val nanomicelle delivery system containing baicalin (BC) (BC@HS15/DSPE-PEG2000-L-Val) was constructed using thin-film hydration, with a high encapsulation rate, small particle size and no irritation to the ocular surface. Retention experiments on the ocular surface of rabbits and an in vivo corneal permeation test showed that, compared with the control, nanomicelles not only prolonged retention time but also enhanced the ability to deliver drugs to the deep layers of the cornea. The results of a protein inhibition and protein expression assay showed that nanomicelles could increase uptake in human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) through energy-dependent endocytosis mediated by clathrin, caveolin and the carrier pathway mediated by PepT1 by inhibiting the overexpression of claudin-1 and ZO-1 and suppressing the expression of PepT1-induced by drug stimulation. These results indicate that BC@HS15/DSPE-PEG2000-L-Val is suitable for drug delivery to the deep layers of the ocular surface, providing a potential approach for the development of ocular drug delivery systems.
Collapse
|
6
|
Zi C, He L, Yao H, Ren Y, He T, Gao Y. Changes of Th17 cells, regulatory T cells, Treg/Th17, IL-17 and IL-10 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 2022; 76:263-272. [PMID: 35397088 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of Helper T cells 17 (Th17 cells), Regulatory T cells (Treg cells), Treg/Th17, Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Four electronic resource databases were searched from their inception to 1 August 2021. Case-control studies about changes of Th17 cells, Treg cells, Treg/Th17, IL-17 and IL-10 in patients with T2DM were retrieved. We performed this meta-analysis via RevMan V.5.3 and Stata14. RESULTS 20 studies with 1242 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the controls, the patients with T2DM had significantly increased levels of percentage of Th17 cells (SMD, 1.74; 95% CI, 0.47-3.01; p < 0.001), IL-17 (SMD, 2.17; 95% CI, 0.06-4.28; p < 0.001), IL-10 (SMD, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.81-1.59; p = 0.003), but decreased levels of percentage of Treg cells (SMD, -1.17; 95% CI, -2.22 to -0.13; p < 0.001) and Treg/Th17 ratio (SMD, -4.43; 95% CI, -7.07 to -1.78; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that percentage of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Tregs (SMD, -2.36; 95% CI, -3.19 to -1.52; p = 0.003) in patients was notably lower than controls. While not significant changes were found in the percentage of CD4+CD25+Tregs (SMD, 0.03; 95% CI, -0.34-0.40; p = 0.63) between patients and controls. For plasma or serum IL-10, a higher plasma IL-10 level (SMD,1.37; 95% CI, 0.92-1.82; p = 0.01) was observed in T2DM. While serum IL-10 (SMD, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.35-1.12; p = 0.79) had no obvious difference between patients and controls. For ELISA or flow cytometry, IL-10 (SMD, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.71-1.70; p = 0.001) was higher in T2DM patients by using detection method of ELISA. Yet IL-10 using flow cytometry and subgroup analysis of IL-17 had no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Adaptive immune system indeed plays an essential role in the process of T2DM. Imbalance between Th17 and Treg triggers pro-inflammatory environment in patients with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changyan Zi
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Lisha He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Huan Yao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Tingting He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- School of International Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 610075, Chengdu, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Luo Y, Liu L, Liao Y, Yang P, Liu X, Lu L, Chen J, Qu C. Multifunctional Baicalin-Modified Contact Lens for Preventing Infection, Regulating the Ocular Surface Microenvironment and Promoting Corneal Repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:855022. [PMID: 35309981 PMCID: PMC8926214 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.855022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal injury inevitably leads to disruption of the ocular surface microenvironment, which is closely associated with delayed epithelial cell repair and the development of infection. Recently, drug-loaded therapeutic contact lenses have emerged as a new approach to treating corneal injury due to their advantages of relieving pain, promoting corneal repair, and preventing infection. However, few therapeutic contact lenses could modulate the ocular surface’s inflammation and oxidative stress microenvironment. To address this, in this study, we covalently immobilized multifunctional baicalin (BCL), a flavon molecular with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and antibacterial capabilities, onto the surface of the contact lens. The BCL-modified contact lens showed excellent optical properties, powerful antibacterial properties, and non-toxicity to endothelial cells. Furthermore, the BCL-modified contact lens could significantly modulate the ocular surface microenvironment, including inhibition of macrophage aggregation and resistance to epithelium damage caused by oxidative stress. In animal models, BCL-modified corneal contact lens effectively promoted corneal epithelial cells repair. These excellent properties suggested that multifunctional BCL molecules had great application potential in the surface engineering of ophthalmic medical materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Luo
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, The Department of Medical Genetics, The Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Luying Liu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Surface Engineering Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuzhen Liao
- Institute of Biomaterials and Surface Engineering Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Surface Engineering Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, The Department of Medical Genetics, The Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Lu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Chen, ; Chao Qu,
| | - Chao Qu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, The Department of Medical Genetics, The Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Chen, ; Chao Qu,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ibrahim A, Nasr M, El-Sherbiny IM. Baicalin as an emerging magical nutraceutical molecule: Emphasis on pharmacological properties and advances in pharmaceutical delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
9
|
Wang X, Xie L, Long J, Liu K, Lu J, Liang Y, Cao Y, Dai X, Li X. Therapeutic effect of baicalin on inflammatory bowel disease: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114749. [PMID: 34666140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Baicalin (BI) is an important biologically active flavonoid isolated from the root of Scutellaria radix (Huang Qin). Traditionally Scutellaria radix was the common drug of dysentery. As the main flavonoid compound, there is a distribution tendency of baicalin to the intestinal tract and it has a protective effect on the gastrointestinal tract. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to compile up-to-date and comprehensive information on the efficacy of baicalin in vitro and in vivo, about treating inflammatory bowel disease. Relevant information on the therapeutic potential of baicalin against inflammatory bowel disease was collected from the Web of Science, Pubmed and so on. Additionally, a few books and magazines were also consulted to get the important information. RESULTS The mechanisms of baicalin against inflammatory bowel disease mainly include anti-inflammation, antioxidant, immune regulation, maintenance of intestinal barrier, maintenance of intestinal flora balance. Also, BI can relieve parts of extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs), and prevent colorectal cancer. CONCLUSION Baicalin determined the promising therapeutic prospects as potential supplementary medicines for the treatment of IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wang
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Long Xie
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Jiaying Long
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Youdan Liang
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Yi Cao
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Xiaolin Dai
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Clinical Efficacy of Adjuvant Treatment of Primary Nephrotic Syndrome in Pediatric Patients with Chinese Medicine. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:1516633. [PMID: 35126899 PMCID: PMC8808196 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1516633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Current study aimed to investigate the benefits of adjuvant therapy with traditional Chinese medicine on the pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome. Methods. A total of 455 patients with PNS admitted to our hospital from January 2010 to January 2019 were divided into the traditional Chinese medicine group (n = 217) and the control group (n = 238). The control group received conventional Western medical treatment, and the traditional Chinese medicine group was treated with traditional Chinese medicine supplemented with Western medical treatment. The differences in remission rate, recurrence rate, and recurrence-free survival between the two groups were evaluated. Results. The differences in clinical parameters between the two groups were not statistically significant. Compared with the control group, adjuvant treatment with traditional Chinese medicine increased the clinical remission rate (
), decreased the relapse rate (
), prolonged relapse-free survival (
), and was an independent protective factor for relapse-free survival in children with PNS (HR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.49–0.63,
). In a subgroup analysis of the traditional Chinese medicine formulations, Yuebi Jiazhu Tang, Ganlu Xiaodu Dan, and Yupingfeng granules significantly reduced the risk of recurrence in children (
,
,
). Conclusion. Adjuvant treatment of pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome with traditional Chinese medicine could benefit the children.
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu M, Han S, Wang M, Han L, Huang Y, Bo P, Fang P, Zhang Z. Baicalin protects against insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction through activation of GALR2/GLUT4 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153869. [PMID: 34923235 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder associated with obesity, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Activation of GALR2 has been proposed as a therapeutic target for the treatment of insulin resistance. The previous studies showed that baicalin could mitigate insulin resistance, but the detailed mechanism of baicalin on insulin resistance has not been fully explored yet. PURPOSE In the present study, we evaluated whether baicalin mitigated insulin resistance via activation of GALR2 signaling pathway. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS Baicalin (25 mg/kg/d and 50 mg/kg/d) and/or GALR2 antagonist M871 (10 mg/kg/d) were injected individually or in combinations into obese mice once a day for three weeks, and normal and GALR2 knockdown myotubes were treated with baicalin (100 μM and 400 μM) or metformin (4 mM) in the absence or presence of M871 (800 nM) for 12 h, respectively. The molecular mechanism was explored in skeletal muscle and L6 myotubes. RESULTS The present findings showed that baicalin mitigated hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and elevated the levels of PGC-1α, GLUT4, p-p38MAPK, p-AKT and p-AS160 in skeletal muscle of obese mice. Strikingly, the baicalin-induced beneficial effects were abolished by GALR2 antagonist M871 in obese mice. In vitro, baicalin dramatically augmented glucose consumption and the activity of PGC1α-GLUT4 axis in myotubes through activation of p38MAPK and AKT pathways. Moreover, baicalin-induced elevations in glucose consumption related genes were abolished by GALR2 antagonist M871 or silencing of GALR2 in myotubes. CONCLUSIONS The present study for the first time demonstrated that baicalin protected against insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction mainly through activation of GALR2-GLUT4 signal pathway. Our findings identified that activation of GALR2-GLUT4 signal pathway by baicalin could be a new therapeutic approach to treat insulin resistance and T2DM in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yu
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shiyu Han
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Long Han
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yujie Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Ping Bo
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Penghua Fang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Physiology, Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China.
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Han L, Fu Q, Deng C, Luo L, Xiang T, Zhao H. Immunomodulatory potential of flavonoids for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and tumour. Scand J Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Limin Han
- Department of Pathophysiology Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
- Department of Endocrinology People’s Hospital of Changshou Chongqing Chongqing China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Organ Transplantation Center Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
| | - Chuan Deng
- Department of Neurology People’s Hospital of Changshou Chongqing Chongqing China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Forensic Medicine Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
| | - Tengxiao Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology People’s Hospital of Changshou Chongqing Chongqing China
| | - Hailong Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Plant Occurring Flavonoids as Modulators of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082315. [PMID: 33923487 PMCID: PMC8073824 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor deeply implicated in health and diseases. Historically identified as a sensor of xenobiotics and mainly toxic substances, AhR has recently become an emerging pharmacological target in cancer, immunology, inflammatory conditions, and aging. Multiple AhR ligands are recognized, with plant occurring flavonoids being the largest group of natural ligands of AhR in the human diet. The biological implications of the modulatory effects of flavonoids on AhR could be highlighted from a toxicological and environmental concern and for the possible pharmacological applicability. Overall, the possible AhR-mediated harmful and/or beneficial effects of flavonoids need to be further investigated, since in many cases they are contradictory. Similar to other AhR modulators, flavonoids commonly exhibit tissue, organ, and species-specific activities on AhR. Such cellular-context dependency could be probably beneficial in their pharmacotherapeutic use. Flavones, flavonols, flavanones, and isoflavones are the main subclasses of flavonoids reported as AhR modulators. Some of the structural features of these groups of flavonoids that could be influencing their AhR effects are herein summarized. However, limited generalizations, as well as few outright structure-activity relationships can be suggested on the AhR agonism and/or antagonism caused by flavonoids.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wei Y, Jing J, Peng Z, Liu X, Wang X. Acacetin ameliorates insulin resistance in obesity mice through regulating Treg/Th17 balance via MiR-23b-3p/NEU1 Axis. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:57. [PMID: 33781239 PMCID: PMC8008644 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00688-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of miR-23b-3p in insulin resistance (IR) remained poorly understood. METHODS After acacetin injection, obesity-induced IR model was constructed with or without miR-23b-3p upregulation and Neuraminidase 1 (NEU1) overexpression in mice. Body weight, serum metabolite and fat percent of the mice were measured. Tests on oral glucose and insulin tolerance were performed, and inflammatory cytokines C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) levels were quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The binding sites between miR-23b-3p and NEU1 were predicted by TargetScan, and verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Relative expressions were detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Proportion of Treg and Th17 cells in total CD4+ T cells was detected with flow cytometry. RESULTS MiR-23b-3p offset the effects of acacetin on body weight, fat percent, inflammatory cytokines levels and expressions of markers of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and T helper 17 cells (Th17 cells), NEU1 and miR-23b-3p. NEU1 was a target of miR-23b-3p, and overexpressed NEU1 reversed the effects of upregulated miR-23b-3p on reducing Treg cells but increased body weight, fat percent and inflammatory cytokines levels, percentage of Th17 cells, and upregulated NEU1 expression. CONCLUSION Upregulation of miR-23b-3p offset the effects of acacetin on obesity-induced IR through regulating Treg/Th17 cell balance via targeting NEU1.The present findings provide a possible prevention strategy for obesity-induced IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.453 Stadium Road, Xihu District, Zhejiang, 310007, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jianhong Jing
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.453 Stadium Road, Xihu District, Zhejiang, 310007, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Peng
- Department of Geriatrics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.453 Stadium Road, Xihu District, Zhejiang, 310007, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.453 Stadium Road, Xihu District, Zhejiang, 310007, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueyang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.453 Stadium Road, Xihu District, Zhejiang, 310007, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shen J, Li P, Liu S, Liu Q, Li Y, Sun Y, He C, Xiao P. Traditional uses, ten-years research progress on phytochemistry and pharmacology, and clinical studies of the genus Scutellaria. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113198. [PMID: 32739568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scutellaria (Lamiaceae), which includes approximately 360-469 accepted species, is widespread in Europe, North America, East Asia, and South America. Several species have a long history being used as traditional medicines to treat respiratory, peptic, neurological, and hepatic and gall diseases. The phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Scutellaria have been developed dramatically in the past ten years, and the traditional uses and clinical studies of the genus have not been systematically summarized. Therefore, it is especially valuable to review the current state of knowledge to provide a basis for further exploration of its medicinal potential. AIM OF THE REVIEW The review aims to provide updated information on the ethnopharmacology, the ten-year research progress of phytochemistry and pharmacology, and clinical studies of Scutellaria and to explore the potential medicinal values and further studies of Scutellaria. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review is based on published studies and books from the library and electronic sources, including SciFinder, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Baidu Scholar, CNKI, the online ethnobotanical database, and ethnobotanical monographs. This literature is related to ethnopharmacology, the ten-year research progress on the phytochemistry and pharmacology, and clinical studies of Scutellaria. RESULTS A total of 50 species, 5 subspecies and 17 varieties of the genus Scutellaria are used as traditional medicine with various biological activities. In the past ten years, 208 chemical constituents have been identified from 16 species and 1 variety of the genus Scutellaria, such as neo-clerodane diterpenoids, sesterterpenoids, terpenoids, flavonoids. Pharmacological research has demonstrated that the extracts and compounds identified from this genus exhibit extensive biological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antibacterial activities, effects on cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases as well as hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects. The species S. baicalensis, S. barbata, and S. lateriflora and the main compounds baicalein, baicalin and wogonin are involved in clinical trials, which point the way for us to conduct further studies, such as study on the anticancer, antihypertensive, anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and other effects of Scutellaria. CONCLUSIONS The species included in the genus Scutellaria can be used to treat cancer, infection, hepatic disorders, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and other diseases. Some indications in traditional medicines have been confirmed by modern pharmacological studies, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective activity, and hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects. The available literature indicated that most of the bioactivities could be attributed to flavonoids and neo-clerodane diterpenoids. Although there are some uses of Scutellaria in clinical practice, the existing research on this genus is still limited. In order to expand the development of medicinal resources of Scutellaria, the already studied species in this genus are recommended for more comprehensive investigation on their active substances, pharmacological mechanisms, quality control, clinical use and new drug research. Additionally, it is necessary to study species that their chemical composition or pharmacological activity have not yet been investigated, especially those used in folk medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Pei Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Qing Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yue Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yuhua Sun
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, 830004, China.
| | - Chunnian He
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Safe S, Jayaraman A, Chapkin RS, Howard M, Mohankumar K, Shrestha R. Flavonoids: structure-function and mechanisms of action and opportunities for drug development. Toxicol Res 2021; 37:147-162. [PMID: 33868973 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-020-00080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are polyphenolic phytochemicals produced in fruits, nuts and vegetables and dietary consumption of these structurally diverse compounds is associated with multiple health benefits including increased lifespan, decreased cardiovascular problems and low rates of metabolic diseases. Preclinical studies with individual flavonoids demonstrate that these compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities and they enhance the immune system. Their effectiveness in both chemoprevention and chemotherapy is associated with their targeting of multiple genes/pathways including nuclear receptors, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), kinases, receptor tyrosine kinases and G protein-coupled receptors. However, despite the remarkable preclinical activities of flavonoids, their clinical applications have been limited and this is due, in part, to problems in drug delivery and poor bioavailability and these problems are being addressed. Further improvements that will expand clinical applications of flavonoids include mechanism-based precision medicine approaches which will identify critical mechanisms of action of individual flavonoids with optimal activities that can be used in combination therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466 USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Marcell Howard
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466 USA
| | - Kumaravel Mohankumar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466 USA
| | - Rupesh Shrestha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Miao Y, Ishfaq M, Liu Y, Wu Z, Wang J, Li R, Qian F, Ding L, Li J. Baicalin attenuates endometritis in a rabbit model induced by infection with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus via NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106508. [PMID: 32861957 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a rabbit endometritis model was developed to study cow endometritis. In addition, the protective effects of baicalin (a flavonoid) against endometritis were investigated. Clinical symptoms, differential leukocyte counting, uterine secretion smear microscopy and chemical examination, urine testing, and signs of necropsy showed abnormal changes and inflammatory responses in the uterus of rabbits. Histopathological results revealed visible inflammatory exudates and blood spots between intercellular spaces which confirmed that the rabbit endometritis model was successfully developed. Most importantly, these inflammatory signs were partially attenuated with baicalin treatment. The data revealed that the increased body temperature and leukocyte cells, pus, and the detachment of epithelial cells were alleviated with baicalin administration in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological tissue changes such as inflammatory cells infiltrates, hyperemia, hemorrhages, and shedding of epithelial cells were partially attenuated with baicalin treatment. In addition, the mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes (iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-4, and IL-6) was significantly altered in RAW264.7 cells after LPS treatment. Further, the phosphorylated protein expression of JNK, p65, and IκBα were significantly reduced with LPS treatment. Intriguingly, baicalin pretreatment reversed the alteration in mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes and significantly reduced the phosphorylation of JNK, p65, and IκBα. In summary, our results suggest that baicalin has protective effects on bacterial-induced endometritis in rabbits that involve the suppression of NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Miao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - M Ishfaq
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Y Liu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Z Wu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - J Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - R Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - F Qian
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - L Ding
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - J Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang Z, Li W, Su W. Tregs in Autoimmune Uveitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1278:205-227. [PMID: 33523450 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-6407-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Uveitis is a chronic disease with relapsing and remitting ocular attack, which requires corticosteroids and systemic immunosuppression to prevent severe vision loss. Classically, uveitis is referred to an autoimmune disease, mediated by pro-inflammatory Th17 cells and immunosuppressive CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T-regulatory cells (Tregs). More and more evidence indicates that Tregs are involved in development, resolution, and remission of uveitis. Clinically, many researchers have conducted quantitative and functional analyses of peripheral blood from patients with different subtypes of uveitis, in an attempt to find the changing rules of Tregs. Consistently, using the experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) model, researchers have explored the development and resolution mechanism of uveitis in many aspects. In addition, many drug and Tregs therapy investigations have yielded encouraging results. In this chapter, we introduced the current understanding of Tregs, summarized the clinical changes in the number and function of patients with uveitis and the immune mechanism of Tregs involved in EAU model, as well as discussed the progress and shortcomings of Tregs-related drug therapy and Tregs therapy. Although the exact mechanism of Tregs-mediated uveitis protection remains to be elucidated, the strategy of Tregs regulation may provide a specific and meaningful way for the prevention and treatment of uveitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huo J, Liu T, Li F, Song X, Hou X. MicroRNA‑21‑5p protects melanocytes via targeting STAT3 and modulating Treg/Teff balance to alleviate vitiligo. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:51. [PMID: 33200798 PMCID: PMC7716409 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo (VIT) is caused by loss and degradation of functional epidermal melanocytes. Studies have indicated that melanocyte destruction may be associated with an imbalance between regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and effector T cells (Teff cells). The current study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism through which Treg/Teff balance affects VIT pathogenesis. To explore this, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from patients with VIT and healthy individuals. The present study revealed that the proportions of CD4+ T cells, Treg cells and T helper 1 (Th1) cells were decreased in patients with VIT, but those of Teff cells (Th17 and Th22 cells) were increased; additionally, Foxp3 expression was decreased, but the expression levels of interferon‑γ, interleukin (IL)‑17A and IL‑22 were increased. Furthermore, in patients with VIT, microRNA (miR)‑21‑5p expression was decreased, while that of STAT3 was increased. Further in vitro experiments in CD4+ T cells revealed that STAT3 was targeted by miR‑21‑5p. Functional analysis further indicated that miR‑21‑5p overexpression in Th17‑polarized CD4+ T cells decreased the proportion of Teff cells and associated cytokines, such as IL‑17A and IL‑22, but increased the proportion of Treg cells and Foxp3. However, the effects of miR‑21‑5p overexpression were partly reversed by STAT3 overexpression. Increased apoptosis of melanocytes was detected after co‑culture with Th17‑polarized CD4+ T cells in the presence of a miR‑21‑5p mimic. However, this indirect effect of the miR‑21‑5p mimic on melanocytes was decreased via STAT3 overexpression. Therefore, miR‑21‑5p may protect melanocytes via targeting STAT3 and regulating Treg/Teff balance. The current findings may provide a possible treatment method for managing VIT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huo
- Department of Dermatology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Taibin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Fenghua Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Xinfeng Song
- Pathology Laboratory, Dezhou College, Dezhou, Shandong 253000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Hou
- Department of Dermatology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen Y, Li Z, Li H, Su W, Xie Y, Pan Y, Chen X, Liang D. Apremilast Regulates the Teff/Treg Balance to Ameliorate Uveitis via PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 Signaling Pathway. Front Immunol 2020; 11:581673. [PMID: 33281814 PMCID: PMC7705241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.581673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune uveitis (AU), being one of the sight-threatening ocular inflammatory disorders, has been widely regarded by ophthalmologists and immunologists as a great challenge. Apremilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor (PDE4i), which was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of active psoriatic arthritis in 2014, has been attracting researchers, who are exploring its efficiency and mechanism on uveitis. In this study, we used an experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), a representative model for human AU, to investigate the effect of apremilast on regulating anti-inflammatory mediators. Our study demonstrated that apremilast treatment resulted in a decrease in vascular leakage, macular edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the retina, corresponding to decreased clinical and pathological scores. Specifically, apremilast decreased the proportion and population of Th17 cells and increased the proportion and population of T regulatory (Treg) cells. Mechanistically, apremilast may regulate Th17 and Treg cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)/Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) signaling pathway. These findings suggested that apremilast alleviated EAU by regulating Th17 and Treg through the PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kaboli PJ, Zhang L, Xiang S, Shen J, Li M, Zhao Y, Wu X, Zhao Q, Zhang H, Lin L, Yin J, Wu Y, Wan L, Yi T, Li X, Cho CH, Li J, Xiao Z, Wen Q. Molecular Markers of Regulatory T Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy with Special Focus on Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) - A Systematic Review. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4673-4698. [PMID: 31584362 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191004164041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The next-generation immunotherapy can only be effective if researchers have an in-depth understanding of the function and regulation of Treg cells in antitumor immunity combined with the discovery of new immunity targets. This can enhance clinical efficacy of future and novel therapies and reduces any adverse reactions arising from the latter. This review discusses tumor treatment strategies using regulatory T (Treg) cell therapy in a Tumor Microenvironment (TME). It also discusses factors affecting TME instability as well as relevant treatments to prevent future immune disorders. It is prognosticated that PD-1 inhibitors are risky and their adverse effects should be taken into account when they are administered to treat Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), lung adenocarcinoma, and prostate adenocarcinoma. In contrast, Treg molecular markers FoxP3 and CD25 analyzed here have stronger expression in almost all kinds of cancers compared with normal people. However, CD25 inhibitors are more effective compared to FoxP3 inhibitors, especially in combination with TGF-β blockade, in predicting patient survival. According to the data obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas, we then concentrate on AML immunotherapy and discuss different therapeutic strategies including anti-CD25/IL-2, anti-CTLA-4, anti-IDO, antityrosine kinase receptor, and anti-PI3K therapies and highlight the recent advances and clinical achievements in AML immunotherapy. In order to prognosticate the risk and adverse effects of key target inhibitors (namely against CTLA-4, FoxP3, CD25, and PD-1), we finally analyzed and compared the Cancer Genome Atlas derived from ten common cancers. This review shows that Treg cells are strongly increased in AML and the comparative review of key markers shows that Tregbased immunotherapy is not effective for all kinds of cancer. Therefore, blocking CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Treg cells is suggested in AML more than other kinds of cancer; meanwhile, Treg markers studied in other cancers have also great lessons for AML immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Shixin Xiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Jianhua Yin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanlin Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Wan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li J, Lin X, Liu X, Ma Z, Li Y. Baicalin regulates Treg/Th17 cell imbalance by inhibiting autophagy in allergic rhinitis. Mol Immunol 2020; 125:162-171. [PMID: 32688118 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baicalin has many biological properties such as anti-oxidation and anti-allergy. The current study aimed to explore the effect of Baicalin on allergic rhinitis (AR) and its potential mechanism of action. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. Expression levels of Th17 and Treg cells-related proteins in nasal mucosa and peripheral blood cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR, flow cytometry and Western blot. The mice were randomly divided into Control, ovalbumin (OVA), l-Baicalin, H-Baicalin, DSGC, 3-MA, and H-Baicalin + Rapa groups. Changes of allergic rhinitis conditions and eosinophil infiltration of the mice were detected and scored by Diff-Quik staining, and histological changes were observed by Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining and Periodate Schiff (PAS) staining. Serological changes, expression levels of interleukin-17A (IL-17A), interleukin-10 (IL-10), eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) and anti-OVA-specific antibodies were detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Clinical case analysis found that AR patients had a Th17/Treg imbalance and activated autophagy, however, Baicalin restored Th17/Treg cell balance and inhibited autophagy in vitro. in vivo experiments demonstrated that Baicalin inhibited OVA-induced allergic nasal symptoms and the activation of autophagy pathway, which was the same as the regulation of 3-MA, while Rapa could weaken the effects of H-baicalin. Moreover, Baicalin reduced the infiltration of different inflammatory cells of the nasal lavage fluid, prevented the damages to epithelial cells, and improved nasal mucosal thickness and mucus secretion. In addition, Baicalin regulated the balance of mouse anti-OVA-specific antibody levels and expressions of Th17/Treg-associated cytokines. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that Baicalin can be used to treat AR, and the effect is realized through inhibiting autophagy to regulate Th17/Treg cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310006, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- The Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.261, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310006, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310006, China
| | - Zhiqi Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310006, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang XS, Cao F, Zhang Y, Pan HF. Therapeutic potential of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in autoimmunity. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:63-81. [PMID: 31617124 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a type of transcriptional factor, is widely expressed in immune cells. The activation of AhR signaling pathway depends on its ligands, which exist in environment and can also be produced by metabolism. Normal expressions of AhR and AhR-mediated signaling may be essential for immune responses, and effects of AhR signaling on the development and function of innate and adaptive immune cells have also been revealed in previous studies. Recent studies also indicate that aberrant AhR signaling may be related to autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), autoimmune uveitis (AU), autoimmune diabetes, Behcet's disease (BD) and myasthenia gravis (MG). Moreover, administration of AhR ligands or drugs has been proven effective for improving pathological outcomes in some autoimmune diseases or models. In this review, we summarize the effects of AhR on several innate and adaptive immune cells associated with autoimmunity, and the mechanism on how AhR participates in autoimmune diseases. In addition, we also discuss therapeutic potential and application prospect of AhR in autoimmune diseases, so as to provide valuable information for exploring novel and effective approaches to autoimmune disease treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Song Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Cao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Anhui Women and Child Health Care Hospital, 15 Yimin Street, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Su W, Chen X, Zhu W, Yu J, Li W, Li Y, Li Z, Olsen N, Liang D, Zheng SG. The cAMP-Adenosine Feedback Loop Maintains the Suppressive Function of Regulatory T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:1436-1446. [PMID: 31420466 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic manipulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been regarded as a promising approach for the treatment of immune disorders. However, a better understanding of the immunomodulatory mechanisms of Tregs and new safe and effective methods to improve the therapeutic effects of Tregs are highly desired. In this study, we have identified the key roles of a cAMP-adenosine positive feedback loop in the immunomodulatory function of Tregs. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were used for an experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) model, Tregs, and uveitogenic T cells (UTs). In established EAU, induced Tregs (iTregs) administration alleviated the inflammatory response. In vitro, iTregs inhibited UTs proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production. Mechanistically, cAMP is partially responsible for iTreg-mediated inhibition on UTs. Importantly, intracellular cAMP regulates CD39 expression and CD39-dependent adenosine production in iTregs, and cAMP directly participates in iTreg-derived adenosine production by a CD39 signaling-independent extracellular cAMP-adenosine pathway. Moreover, extracellular adenosine increases the intracellular cAMP level in Tregs. More importantly, increasing the cAMP level in iTregs before transfer improves their therapeutic efficacy in established EAU. Notably, the cAMP-adenosine loop exists in both iTregs and naturally occurring Tregs. These findings provide new insights into the immunosuppressive mechanisms of Tregs and suggest a new strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy of Tregs in established autoimmune disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Center for Clinical Immunology, Sun Yat-sen University Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Wenjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Weihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yingqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Nancy Olsen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Penn State University Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| |
Collapse
|