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Qi LJ, Gao S, Ning YH, Chen XJ, Wang RZ, Feng X. Bimin Kang ameliorates the minimal persistent inflammation in allergic rhinitis by reducing BCL11B expression and regulating ILC2 plasticity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118454. [PMID: 38852638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Minimal persistent inflammation (MPI) is a major contributor to the recurrence of allergic rhinitis (AR). The traditional Chinese herbal medicine known as Bimin Kang Mixture (BMK) have been used in clinics for decades to treat AR, which can relieve AR symptoms, reduce inflammatory response and improve immune function. However, its mechanism in controlling MPI is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to assess the therapeutic effect of BMK on MPI, and elaborate the mechanism involved in BMK intervention in BCL11B regulation of type 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) plasticity in the treatment of MPI. MATERIAL AND METHODS The effect of BMK (9.1 ml/kg) and Loratadine (15.15 mg/kg) on MPI was evaluated based on symptoms, pathological staining, and ELISA assays. RT-qPCR and flow cytometry were also employed to assess the expression of BCL11B, IL-12/IL-12Rβ2, and IL-18/IL-18Rα signaling pathways associated with ILC2 plasticity in the airway tissues of MPI mice following BMK intervention. RESULTS BMK restored the airway epithelial barrier, and markedly reduced inflammatory cells (eosinophils, neutrophils) infiltration (P < 0.01) and goblet cells hyperplasia (P < 0.05). BCL11B expression positively correlated with the ILC2 proportion in the lungs and nasal mucosa of AR and MPI mice (P < 0.01). BMK downregulated BCL11B expression (P < 0.05) and reduced the proportion of ILC2, ILC3 and ILC3-like ILC2 subsets (P < 0.05). Moreover, BMK promoted the conversion of ILC2 into an ILC1-like phenotype through IL-12/IL-12Rβ2 and IL-18/IL-18Rα signaling pathways in MPI mice. CONCLUSION By downregulating BCL11B expression, BMK regulates ILC2 plasticity and decreases the proportion of ILC2, ILC3, and ILC3-like ILC2 subsets, promoting the conversion of ILC2 to ILC1, thus restoring balance of ILC subsets in airway tissues and control MPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Qi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Shang Gao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Yun-Hong Ning
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Xiang-Jing Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China.
| | - Ren-Zhong Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China.
| | - Xin Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Chen M, Li D, Meng X, Sun Y, Liu R, Sun T. Review of isolation, purification, structural characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128565. [PMID: 38061516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Portulaca oleracea L., also known as purslane, affiliates to the Portulacaceae family. It is an herbaceous succulent annual plant distributed worldwide. P. oleracea L. is renowned for its nutritional value and medicinal value, which has been utilized for thousands of years as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The extract derived from P. oleracea L. has shown efficacy in treating various diseases, including intestinal dysfunction and inflammation. Polysaccharides from P. oleracea L. (POP) are the primary constituents of the crude extract which have been found to have various biological activities, including antioxidant, antitumor, immune-stimulating, and intestinal protective effects. While many publications have highlighted on the structural identification and bioactivity evaluation of POP, the underlying structure-activity relationship of POP still remains unclear. In view of this, this review aims to focus on the extraction, purification, structural features and bioactivities of POP. In addition, the potential structure-activity relationship and the developmental perspective for future research of POP were also explored and discussed. The current review would provide a valuable research foundation and the up-to-date information for the future development and application of POP in the field of the functional foods and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Chen
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Dan Li
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Xianwei Meng
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Tiedong Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Mantha KB. An opinion on H1-antihistamines as a potential avenue for endometriosis management. AJOG GLOBAL REPORTS 2023; 3:100274. [PMID: 37941601 PMCID: PMC10628608 DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory gynecologic condition among women of reproductive age causing a plethora of symptoms that significantly affect their quality of life and mental health. Recent literature reports mounting evidence for several inflammation-mediated pathways for endometriosis pathogenesis, where elevated levels of proinflammatory factors, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and nuclear factor kappa B have been established. Simultaneously, the prevalent clinical use of H1-antihistamines for other pathologies along with active research into its action pathways has led to our current understanding that H1-antihistamines counteract several inflammation mediators, including intercellular adhesion molecule 1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and nuclear factor kappa B. Although a wide range of existing drug-based endometriosis managements act via the estrogen-dependent pathways, along with some newer ones attempting to use antagonists of targeted inflammation-modulating factors, investigations into the direct use of H1-antihistamines in the context of endometriosis are currently lacking. In this brief perspective opinion essay, correlative evidence has been placed forward that points toward a potential avenue of H1-antihistamines for endometriosis management, and some ideas have been highlighted for future research considerations.
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Seif M, Aati H, Amer M, Ragauskas AJ, Seif A, El-Sappah AH, Aati A, Madboli AENA, Emam M. Mitigation of Hepatotoxicity via Boosting Antioxidants and Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Carbendazim-Treated Rats Using Adiantum Capillus-Veneris L. Extract. Molecules 2023; 28:4720. [PMID: 37375275 PMCID: PMC10300738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to food contaminants continues to be a substantial source of human health risks all over the world, particularly in developing countries. Carbendazim (CBZ) is a chemical fungicide used to control the spread of various fungi and other pathogens in the agriculture and veterinary sectors. The hazardous effects of CBZ on human health occur due to the accumulation of its residues in agricultural food products. In this study, the possible hepatoprotective effects of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (ACVL) extract were evaluated in CBZ-treated rats. A GC-MS analysis revealed that ACVL extract contained several bioactive hydrocarbon components and fatty acids, and that the components exerted hepatic protection by mitigating oxidative stress via upregulating antioxidant agents and neutralizing nitrogen and oxygen free radicals. Moreover, ACVL extracts relieved hepatic inflammation via decreasing NO, NF-κB, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-6) in the liver of CBZ-treated rats, both at protein and mRNA levels. In addition, the protective effect of ACVL has appeared in the histopathological figures and function markers in the livers of CBZ-treated rats. According to the present results, ACVL extract can protect the hepatic tissue and restore its functions to a control level in CBZ-treated rats; this effect may be attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Seif
- Toxicology and Food Contaminants Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Hanan Aati
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Amer
- Toxicology and Food Contaminants Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Arthur J. Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA;
| | - Amr Seif
- Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Asyut 71516, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed H. El-Sappah
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Abdulrahman Aati
- Rokn Al-Madaein Pharmaceutical Warehouse Co., P.O. Box 2990, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abd El-Nasser A. Madboli
- Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination Department, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud Emam
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
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Villarruel-Melquiades F, Mendoza-Garrido ME, García-Cuellar CM, Sánchez-Pérez Y, Pérez-Carreón JI, Camacho J. Current and novel approaches in the pharmacological treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:2571-2599. [PMID: 37213397 PMCID: PMC10198058 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i17.2571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumours worldwide. The mortality-to-incidence ratio is up to 91.6% in many countries, representing the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Systemic drugs, including the multikinase inhibitors sorafenib and lenvatinib, are first-line drugs used in HCC treatment. Unfortunately, these therapies are ineffective in most cases due to late diagnosis and the development of tumour resistance. Thus, novel pharmacological alternatives are urgently needed. For instance, immune checkpoint inhibitors have provided new approaches targeting cells of the immune system. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies against programmed cell death-1 have shown benefits in HCC patients. In addition, drug combinations, including first-line treatment and immunotherapy, as well as drug repurposing, are promising novel therapeutic alternatives. Here, we review the current and novel pharmacological approaches to fight HCC. Preclinical studies, as well as approved and ongoing clinical trials for liver cancer treatment, are discussed. The pharmacological opportunities analysed here should lead to significant improvement in HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Villarruel-Melquiades
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - María Eugenia Mendoza-Garrido
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Claudia M García-Cuellar
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Julio Isael Pérez-Carreón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Javier Camacho
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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Ni C, Wu G, Miao T, Xu J. Wnt4 prevents apoptosis and inflammation of dental pulp cells induced by LPS by inhibiting the IKK/NF‑κB pathway. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:75. [PMID: 36684653 PMCID: PMC9842946 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt4 has been shown to promote the recovery of odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells under inflammatory conditions, but its role in inflammation and apoptosis of pulpitis remains to be elucidated. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 µg/ml) was applied to treat the human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) for 24 h. Western blotting measured the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis-related proteins. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The level of Wnt4 was evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The results indicated that LPS could promote inflammatory response and apoptosis in HDPCs and downregulated Wnt4 expression was found in LPS-HDPCs. Overexpression of Wnt4 ameliorated cell inflammatory response and apoptosis, presented by reduced expressions of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, Bax, cleaved-caspase 3 and enhanced Bcl-2 expression as well as decreased apoptosis rate. Moreover, overexpression of Wnt4 reduced the phosphorylation levels of IKK2, IκBα and p65 proteins upregulated by LPS. Finally, overexpression of IKK2 reversed the effects of Wnt4 on inflammation and apoptosis of LPS-HDPCs and NF-κB inhibitor reversed the effect of IKK2 overexpression in LPS-HDPCs. Wnt4 inhibited LPS-triggered inflammation and apoptosis in HDPCs via regulating the IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway, which provided a new viewpoint for understanding the pathological mechanism of pulpitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengli Ni
- College of Stomatology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Ms. Chengli Ni, College of Stomatology, Anhui Medical College, 632 Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Shanghai Smartee Denti-Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Miao
- College of Stomatology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Jianguang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research of Anhui Province, Department of Orthodontics, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Development of Co-Amorphous Loratadine–Citric Acid Orodispersible Drug Formulations. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at the preparation and characterization of co-amorphous loratadine–citric acid orally disintegrating dosage forms (ODx). A co-amorphous loratadine–citric acid was prepared by solvent evaporation method in three different molecular ratios. DSC, FTIR, and dissolution studies have been conducted for the binary system. The co-amorphous system was used to obtain oral lyophilizates and orally disintegrating tablets by direct compression. Diameter, thickness, hardness, disintegration time, uniformity of mass, and dissolution was determined for the dosage forms. DSC curves showed a lack of sharp endothermic peaks for the binary systems. FTIR spectra presented a hypsochromic modification of the characteristic peaks. Dissolution studies indicated a five-fold increase in the dissolved amount compared to pure loratadine in water. Disintegration times of direct compression ODx varied in the range of 34–41 s and for freeze-dried ODx in the range of 8–9 s. Friability was under 1% in all cases. The dissolution of loratadine in buffer solution at pH = 1 was almost complete. In conclusion binary systems of loratadine and citric acid enhance solubility and combined with the orally disintegrating pharmaceutical form also increase patient compliance.
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Song C, Shen T, Kim HG, Hu W, Cho JY. 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol from Panax ginseng Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Gastric Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Src. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 51:205-221. [PMID: 36408728 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2350012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD), a metabolite of Panax ginseng, has multiple pharmacological properties. However, the effects of PPD against human gastric cancer have not been elucidated. Our purpose in this study was to investigate if PPD has anticancer effects against human gastric cancer in vitro. Cell viability, migration, clone formation, and invasion were assessed to explore the effects of PPD on cancer cells. PI and annexin V staining as well as immunoblotting were employed to determine if PPD-induced apoptosis and autophagy of MKN1 and MKN45 cells. The target of PPD was identified using immunoblotting, overexpression analysis, and flow cytometric analysis. PPD exhibited significantly suppressed cell viability, migration, colony formation, and invasion. Phosphorylation of Src and its down-stream effectors were inhibited by PPD. PPD-enhanced apoptosis and autophagy in a dose- and time-dependent manner by inhibiting Src. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PPD induces apoptosis and autophagy in gastric cancer cells in vitro by inhibiting Src.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoran Song
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Ting Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional, Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural, Biotechnology Around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, P. R. China
| | - Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Weicheng Hu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional, Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural, Biotechnology Around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, P. R. China
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Zheng X, Qiu J, Pan W, Gong Y, Zhang W, Jiang T, Chen L, Chen W, Hong Z. Selumetinib - a potential small molecule inhibitor for osteoarthritis treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:938133. [PMID: 36238555 PMCID: PMC9552066 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.938133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease that mainly manifests as inflammation and destruction of cartilage and subchondral bone. Recently, necroptosis has been reported to play an important role in the development of OA. Selumetinib displays a contrasting expression pattern to necroptosis-related proteins. The present study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of selumetinib in OA process. Methods:In vitro experiments, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was used to induce necroptosis of chondrocytes. We used high-density cell culture, Western Blot and PT-PCR to observe the effect of different concentrations of selumetinib on the extracellular matrix of cartilage. Afterwards, we visualized the effect of selumetinib on osteoclast formation by TRAP staining and F-actin rings. In vivo experiment, we induced experimental osteoarthritis in mice by surgically destabilizing the medial meniscus (DMM) while administering different concentrations of selumetinib intraperitoneally. Results: Selumetinib promoted cartilage matrix synthesis and inhibited matrix decomposition. We found that selumetinib exerted a protective function by inhibiting the activation of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL signaling pathways in chondrocytes. Selumetinib also inhibited the activation of RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in BMMs, thereby interfering with the expression of osteoclast marker genes. In the DMM-induced OA model, a postsurgical injection of selumetinib inhibited cartilage destruction and lessened the formation of TRAP-positive osteoclasts in subchondral bone. Conclusion: Selumetinib can protect chondrocytes by regulating necroptosis to prevent the progression of OA and reduce osteoclast formation. In summary, our findings suggest that selumetinib has potential as a therapeutic agent for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Zheng
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Jianxin Qiu
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Wenjun Pan
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Yuhang Gong
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Weikang Zhang
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Weifu Chen
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- *Correspondence: Weifu Chen, ; Zhenghua Hong,
| | - Zhenghua Hong
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- *Correspondence: Weifu Chen, ; Zhenghua Hong,
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Van den Eynde C, Held K, Ciprietti M, De Clercq K, Kerselaers S, Marchand A, Chaltin P, Voets T, Vriens J. Loratadine, an antihistaminic drug, suppresses the proliferation of endometrial stromal cells by inhibition of TRPV2. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 928:175086. [PMID: 35714693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) channel TRPV2 is widely expressed in a variety of different cell types and tissues. However, elucidating the exact biological functions of TRPV2 is significantly hampered by the lack of selective pharmacological tools to modulate channel activity in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to identify new compounds that modify TRPV2 activity via the use of a plate-based calcium imaging approach to screen a drug repurposing library. Three antihistaminic drugs, loratadine, astemizole and clemizole were identified to reduce calcium-influx evoked by the TRPV2 agonist tetrahydrocannabivarin in HEK293 cells expressing murine TRPV2. Using single-cell calcium-microfluorimetry and whole-cell patch clamp recordings, we further confirmed that all three compounds induced a concentration-dependent block of TRPV2-mediated Ca2+ influx and whole-cell currents, with loratadine being the most potent antagonist of TRPV2. Moreover, this study demonstrated that loratadine was able to block both the human and mouse TRPV2 orthologs, without inhibiting the activity of other closely related members of the TRPV superfamily. Finally, loratadine inhibited TRPV2-dependent responses in a primary culture of mouse endometrial stromal cells and attenuated cell proliferation and migration in in vitro cell proliferation and wound healing assays. Taken together, our study revealed that the antihistaminic drugs loratadine, astemizole and clemizole target TRPV2 in a concentration-dependent manner. The identification of these antihistaminic drugs as blockers of TRPV2 may form a new starting point for the synthesis of more potent and selective TRPV2 antagonists, which could further lead to the unravelling of the physiological role of the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Van den Eynde
- Laboratory of Endometrium, Endometriosis & Reproductive Medicine, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 611, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katharina Held
- Laboratory of Endometrium, Endometriosis & Reproductive Medicine, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 611, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martina Ciprietti
- Laboratory of Endometrium, Endometriosis & Reproductive Medicine, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 611, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Clercq
- Laboratory of Endometrium, Endometriosis & Reproductive Medicine, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 611, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Kerselaers
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Marchand
- CISTIM Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, 3001, Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Patrick Chaltin
- CISTIM Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, 3001, Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium; Centre for Drug Design and Discovery (CD3), KU Leuven, Gaston Geenslaan 2, 3001, Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Thomas Voets
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris Vriens
- Laboratory of Endometrium, Endometriosis & Reproductive Medicine, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 611, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Li L, Song X, Qi MF, Sun B. Weak Brønsted Base-Promoted Photoredox Catalysis for C–H Alkylation of Heteroarenes Mediated by Triplet Excited Diaryl Ketone. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Xing P, Zhang Y, Chi Q, Li S. Zinc Alleviates Arsenic-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in the Head Kidney of Common Carp by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2380-2390. [PMID: 34287812 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) pollution is ubiquitous in water, which shows immunotoxicity to aquatic organisms. As an indispensable regulator of gene transcription and enzymatic modification, zinc (Zn) may play a preventive and therapeutic effect on As toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactions of As and Zn on the head kidney of common carp Cyprinus carpio. Herein the carp were treated alone or in combination with waterborne As3+ (2.83 mg/L) and/or Zn2+ (1 mg/L). Results suggested a head kidney-toxic effect of As exposure, which was manifested by the histopathological damage of the head kidney, elevation of nuclear translocation of pro-inflammatory nuclear factor-kappa light chain enhancer of B cells (NF-κB), and blockage of the anti-oxidative nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. The global activation of three endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways led to the execution of programmed cell death, including ER apoptosis mediated by C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), death receptor-mediated exogenous cell apoptosis, and the endogenous apoptosis executed by Caspases9. The combined application of Zn can significantly improve the histopathological damage of the head kidney, the imbalance of the antioxidant system, and the apoptosis outcomes due to ER stress. In conclusion, this study indicates that Zn has an antagonistic effect on the head kidney injury of common carp induced by sub-chronic As exposure. The results of this study provide basic data for the risk assessment of As accumulation in an aquatic environment and a reference for the use of Zn preparation in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Xing
- College of International Culture and Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qianru Chi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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13
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Zhang YY, Yao YD, Cheng QQ, Huang YF, Zhou H. Establishment of a High Content Image Platform to Measure NF-κB Nuclear Translocation in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages for Screening Anti-inflammatory Drug Candidates. Curr Drug Metab 2022; 23:394-414. [PMID: 35410593 DOI: 10.2174/1389200223666220411121614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High content image (HCI), an automatic imaging and analysis system, provides a fast drug screening method by detecting the subcellular distribution of protein in intact cells. OBJECTIVE This study established the first standardized HCI platform for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages to screen anti-inflammatory compounds by measuring nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation. METHOD The influence of the cell passages, cell density, LPS induction time and concentration, antibody dilution, serum, dimethyl sulfoxide and analysis parameters on NF-κB nuclear translocation and HCI data quality was optimized. The BAY-11-7085, the positive control for inhibiting NF-κB and Western blot assay were separately employed to verify the stability and reliability of the platform. Lastly, the effect of BHA on NO release, iNOS expression, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells was detected. RESULTS The optimal conditions for measuring NF-κB translocation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells by HCI were established. Cells that do not exceed 22 passages were seeded at a density of 10 k cells/well and pretreated with compounds following 200 ng/mL LPS for 40 min. Parameters including nuclear area of 65 μm2, cell area of 80 μm2, collar of 0.9 μm and sensitivity of 25% were recommended for image segmentation algorithms in the analysis workstation. Benzoylhypaconine from aconite was screened for the first time as an anti-inflammatory candidate by the established HCI platform. The inhibitory effect of benzoylhypaconine on NF-κB translocation was verified by Western blot. Furthermore, benzoylhypaconine reduced the release of NO, inhibited the expression of iNOS, decreased the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. CONCLUSION The established HCI platform could be applied to screen anti-inflammatory compounds by measuring the NF-κB nuclear translocation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yu Zhang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, P.R. China.,Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Da Yao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, P.R. China.,Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Qing Cheng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, P.R. China.,Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Feng Huang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, P.R. China.,Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, P.R. China.,Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China.,Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province 519000, P.R. China
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14
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Qiu W, Chen B, Tang L, Zheng C, Xu B, Liu Z, Magnuson JT, Zhang S, Schlenk D, Xu EG, Xing B. Antibiotic Chlortetracycline Causes Transgenerational Immunosuppression via NF-κB. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4251-4261. [PMID: 35286074 PMCID: PMC8988297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The extensive and increasing global use of antibiotics results in the ubiquitous presence of antibiotics in the environment, which has made them "pseudo persistent organic contaminants." Despite numerous studies showing wide adverse effects of antibiotics on organisms, the chronic environmental risk of their exposure is unknown, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of antibiotic toxicity remain unclear. Here, we systematically quantified transgenerational immune disturbances after chronic parental exposure to environmental levels of a common antibiotic, chlortetracycline (CTC), using zebrafish as a model. CTC strongly reduced the antibacterial activities of fish offspring by transgenerational immunosuppression. Both innate and adaptive immunities of the offspring were suppressed, showing significant perturbation of macrophages and neutrophils, expression of immune-related genes, and other immune functions. Moreover, these CTC-induced immune effects were either prevented or alleviated by the supplementation with PDTC, an antagonist of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), uncovering a seminal role of NF-κB in CTC immunotoxicity. Our results provide the evidence in fish that CTC at environmentally relevant concentrations can be transmitted over multiple generations and weaken the immune defense of offspring, raising concerns on the population hazards and ecological risk of antibiotics in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Qiu
- School
of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control,
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bei Chen
- Fisheries
Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361013, China
| | - Liang Tang
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chunmiao Zheng
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control,
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bentuo Xu
- School
of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou
University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Fisheries
Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361013, China
| | - Jason T. Magnuson
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, University of
California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control,
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, University of
California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department
of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge
School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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15
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Anti-Inflammatory Activities of an Anti-Histamine Drug, Loratadine, by Suppressing TAK1 in AP-1 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073986. [PMID: 35409346 PMCID: PMC8999734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Loratadine is an anti-histamine routinely used for treating allergies. However, recent findings have shown that Loratadine may also have anti-inflammatory functions, while their exact mechanisms have not yet been fully uncovered. In this paper, we investigated whether Loratadine can be utilized as an anti-inflammatory drug through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments using a murine macrophage cell line and an acute gastritis mouse model. Loratadine was found to dramatically reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, including MMP1, MMP3, and MMP9, and inhibit AP-1 transcriptional activation, as demonstrated by the luciferase assay. Therefore, we decided to further explore its role in the AP-1 signaling pathway. The expression of c-Jun and c-Fos, AP-1 subunits, was repressed by Loratadine and, correspondingly, the expression of p-JNK, p-MKK7, and p-TAK1 was also inhibited. In addition, Loratadine was able to reduce gastric bleeding in acute gastritis-induced mice; Western blotting using the stomach samples showed reduced p-c-Fos protein levels. Loratadine was shown to effectively suppress inflammation by specifically targeting TAK1 and suppressing consequent AP-1 signaling pathway activation and inflammatory cytokine production.
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16
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Chen H, Hong YH, Woo BY, Hong YD, Manilack P, Souladeth P, Jung JH, Lee WS, Jeon MJ, Kim T, Hossain MA, Yum J, Kim JH, Cho JY. Cocculus hirsutus ameliorates gastric and lung injuries by suppressing Src/Syk. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153778. [PMID: 34628239 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W. Thedo., a traditionally well-known plant, has confirmed antitumor properties as well as acute and chronic diuretic effects. However, little is known about its inflammatory activities and the potential effect on inflammatory disease treatment. PURPOSE Our aim in this study was to explore additional beneficial properties of C. hirsutus ethanol extract (Ch-EE) such as anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo as well as its underlying mechanisms and to provide a theoretical basis for its role as a candidate natural drug in clinical gastritis and lung disease therapy. STUDY DESIGN RAW264.7 cells, HEK293T cells, peritoneal macrophages, and mouse models of acute gastritis and acute lung injury were used to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of Ch-EE. METHODS Decreases in LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and cytokine expression by RAW264.7 cells after Ch-EE treatment were evaluated by Griess assays and PCR, respectively. Transcription factor activity was assessed through luciferase reporter gene assay, and protein expression was determined by Western blotting analysis. Overexpression assays and cellular thermal shift assays were executed in HEK293T cells. Our two in vivo models were an HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis model and an LPS-induced lung injury model. Changes in stomach lesions, lung edema, and lung histology were examined upon treatment with Ch-EE. Components of Ch-EE were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS LPS-induced nitric oxide production and Pam3CSK4- and L-NAME-induced NO production were inhibited by Ch-EE treatment of RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, LPS-induced increases in transcript levels of iNOS, COX2, CCL12, and IL-1β were reduced by Ch-EE treatment. Ch-EE decreased both MyD88- and TRIF-induced NF-κB promotor activity. Proteins upstream of NF-κB, namely p-p50, p-p65, p-IκBα, p-AKT1, p-Src, and p-Syk, were all downregulated by Ch-EE. Moreover, Src and Syk were targets of Ch-EE. Ch-EE treatment reduced the size of inflammatory stomach lesions induced by HCl/EtOH, lung edema, and accumulation of activated neutrophils caused by LPS. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly suggest that Cocculus hirsutus can be developed as a promising anti-inflammatory remedy with Src- and Syk-inhibitory functions targeting diseases related to gastritis and lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxi Chen
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Yong Deog Hong
- AmorePacific R&D Center, Yongin, 17074, Republic of Korea.
| | - Philaxay Manilack
- Department of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane, P.O. Box: 811, The Lao People's Democratic Republic.
| | - Phetlasy Souladeth
- Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forest Science, National University of Laos, Vientiane, P.O. Box: 7322, The Lao People's Democratic Republic.
| | - Ji Hwa Jung
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Shin Lee
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi Jeong Jeon
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taewoo Kim
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinwhoa Yum
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Kim JK, Shin KK, Kim H, Hong YH, Choi W, Kwak YS, Han CK, Hyun SH, Cho JY. Korean Red Ginseng exerts anti-inflammatory and autophagy-promoting activities in aged mice. J Ginseng Res 2021; 45:717-725. [PMID: 34764726 PMCID: PMC8569327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a traditional herb that has several beneficial properties including anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and autophagy regulatory effects. However, the mechanisms of these effects are not well understood. In this report, the underlying mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and autophagy-promoting effects were investigated in aged mice treated with KRG-water extract (WE) over a long period. METHODS The mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and autophagy-promoting activities of KRG-WE were evaluated in kidney, lung, liver, stomach, and colon of aged mice using semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), and western blot analysis. RESULTS KRG-WE significantly suppressed the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and IL-6 in kidney, lung, liver, stomach, and colon of the aged mice. Furthermore, KRG-WE downregulated the expression of transcription factors and their protein levels associated with inflammation in lung and kidney of aged mice. KRG-WE also increased the expression of autophagy-related genes and their protein levels in colon, liver, and stomach. CONCLUSION The results suggest that KRG can suppress inflammatory responses and recover autophagy activity in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyeong Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kon Kuk Shin
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeyeop Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Choi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Seong Kwak
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Kyun Han
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Hyun
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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18
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Zhou JT, Ren KD, Hou J, Chen J, Yang G. α‑rhamnrtin‑3‑α‑rhamnoside exerts anti‑inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide‑stimulated RAW264.7 cells by abrogating NF‑κB and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:799. [PMID: 34523697 PMCID: PMC8456313 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
α-rhamnrtin-3-α-rhamnoside (ARR) is the principal compound extracted from Loranthus tanakae Franch. & Sav. However, its underlying pharmacological properties remain undetermined. Inflammation is a defense mechanism of the body; however, the excessive activation of the inflammatory response can result in physical injury. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of ARR on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages and to determine the underlying molecular mechanism. A Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to assess cytotoxicity. Nitric oxide (NO) production was measured via a NO colorimetric kit. Levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6, were detected using ELISAs. Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR analysis was performed to detect the mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-6 and IL-1β in LPS-induced RAW246.7 cells. Western blotting, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry analyses were performed to measure the expression levels of NF-κB and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway-related proteins to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the inflammatory response. The results of the cytotoxicity assay revealed that doses of ARR ≤200 µg/ml exhibited no significant effect on the viability of RAW264.7 cells. The results of the Griess assay demonstrated that ARR inhibited the production of NO. In addition, the results of the ELISAs and RT-qPCR analysis discovered that ARR reduced the production of the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6, as well as the proinflammatory mediators, PGE2, iNOS and COX-2, in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that ARR inhibited LPS-induced activation of TNF-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and NF-κB p65 signaling molecules, while reversing the downregulation of the NOD-like receptor family CARD domain containing 3 (NLRC3) signaling molecule, which was consistent with the results of the western blotting analysis. Immunofluorescence results indicated that ARR reduced the increase of NF-κB p65 nuclear expression induced by LPS. Furthermore, the results of the western blotting experiments also revealed that ARR upregulated heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 and Nrf2 pathway molecules. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that ARR may exert anti-inflammatory effects by downregulating NF-κB and activating Nrf2-mediated inflammatory responses, suggesting that ARR may be an attractive anti-inflammatory candidate drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Tao Zhou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, P.R. China
| | - Kai Da Ren
- Department of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, P.R. China
| | - Jing Hou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, P.R. China
| | - Guan'e Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, P.R. China
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19
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Laha A, Panja AS, Bandopadhyay R. Structural Phylogeny of Different Allergens May Reveal Common Epitopic Footprint. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:1099-1107. [PMID: 34161203 DOI: 10.2174/0929866528666210622145710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of allergy is increasing at an alarming rate for the last few decades. OBJECTIVE Our present study is focused on finding out the structurally homologous motifs present in different proteinaceous allergens Methods: Significant number of protein sequences and their corresponding structures of various pollen, fungal, bacterial, and food allergens were retrieved, and the sequence and structural identity were analyzed. RESULTS Intra- and inter-sequence and their structural analysis of the proteinaceous allergens, resulted in no significant relationships among them. A few, but not negligible number of high structural similarities were observed within different groups of allergens from fungus, angiosperms, and animals (Aves and Mammalia). CONCLUSION Our in silico study on thirty-six different allergens showed a significant level of structural similarities among themselves, regardless of their sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anubhab Laha
- Department of Botany, Chandernagore College, Chandernagore-712136, Hooghly, West Bengal, India.,UGC Centre for Advanced Study, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan - 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Anindya Sundar Panja
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajib Bandopadhyay
- UGC Centre for Advanced Study, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan - 713104, West Bengal, India
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20
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Colonic macrophage-targeted curcumin nanoparticles alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice through the NF-kappa B pathway. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Li S, Hui Y, Yuan J, Zhang Z, Li X, Fang N, Lin M, Hou Q. Syk-Targeted, a New 3-Arylbenzofuran Derivative EAPP-2 Blocks Airway Inflammation of Asthma-COPD Overlap in vivo and in vitro. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2173-2185. [PMID: 34079326 PMCID: PMC8164447 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s310875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) overlap (ACO) coexists with asthma and COPD syndrome characteristics, with more frequent exacerbations, heavier disease burden, higher medical utilization, and even lower quality of life. However, the ACO standard medications supported by evidence-based medicine have not yet appeared. Methods By using an ACO mouse model established previously and LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro, a potential therapeutic candidate, EAPP-2, was screened from derivatives of 3-arylbenzofuran, and its effect and mechanism on ACO inflammation were evaluated. Results EAPP-2 significantly alleviated airway inflammation in ACO mice and also inhibited the inflammatory reactions in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, EAPP-2 significantly inhibited the expression and phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), a common target regulating both eosinophils and neutrophils inflammation. In addition to this, EAPP-2 significantly down-regulates the expression of NF-κB, p-NF-κB, and NLRP3 in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, by using specific inhibitors in vitro, it was validated that EAPP-2 targeted on Syk and then regulated its downstream NF-κB and NLRP3. Conclusion EAPP-2 is shown to be a potentially useful therapeutic candidate for ACO, and its mechanism is at least partially achieved by targeting on Syk and then inhibiting NF-κB or NLRP3. Moreover, this study suggests that Syk may be a potentially effective target for ACO therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Hui
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiqiao Yuan
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqian Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyu Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Fang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingbao Lin
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Hou
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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22
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Kim JK, Choi E, Hong YH, Kim H, Jang YJ, Lee JS, Choung ES, Woo BY, Hong YD, Lee S, Lee BH, Bach TT, Kim JH, Kim JH, Cho JY. Syk/NF-κB-targeted anti-inflammatory activity of Melicope accedens (Blume) T.G. Hartley methanol extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113887. [PMID: 33539951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Melicope accedens (Blume) Thomas G. Hartley is a plant included in the family Rutaceae and genus Melicope. It is a native plant from Vietnam that has been used for ethnopharmacology. In Indonesia and Malaysia, the leaves of M. accedens are applied externally to decrease fever. AIM OF THE STUDY The molecular mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory properties of M. accedens are not yet understood. Therefore, we examined those mechanisms using a methanol extract of M. accedens (Ma-ME) and determined the target molecule in macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of Ma-ME in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and in an HCl/EtOH-triggered gastritis model in mice. To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity, we performed a nitric oxide (NO) production assay and ELISA assay for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). RT-PCR, luciferase gene reporter assays, western blotting analyses, and a cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) were conducted to identify the mechanism and target molecule of Ma-ME. The phytochemical composition of Ma-ME was analyzed by HPLC and LC-MS/MS. RESULTS Ma-ME suppressed the production of NO and PGE2 and the mRNA expression of proinflammatory genes (iNOS, IL-1β, and COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells without cytotoxicity. Ma-ME inhibited NF-κB activation by suppressing signaling molecules such as IκBα, Akt, Src, and Syk. Moreover, the CETSA assay revealed that Ma-ME binds to Syk, the most upstream molecule in the NF-κB signal pathway. Oral administration of Ma-ME not only alleviated inflammatory lesions, but also reduced the gene expression of IL-1β and p-Syk in mice with HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis. HPLC and LC-MS/MS analyses confirmed that Ma-ME contains various anti-inflammatory flavonoids, including quercetin, daidzein, and nevadensin. CONCLUSIONS Ma-ME exhibited anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo by targeting Syk in the NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, we propose that Ma-ME could be used to treat inflammatory diseases such as gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyeong Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunju Choi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Haeyeop Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Jin Jang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Sub Lee
- DanjoungBio Co., Ltd., Wonju, 26303, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eui Su Choung
- DanjoungBio Co., Ltd., Wonju, 26303, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Yong Deog Hong
- AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center, Yongin, 17074, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tran The Bach
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Song C, Kim MY, Cho JY. Olea europaea Suppresses Inflammation by Targeting TAK1-Mediated MAP Kinase Activation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061540. [PMID: 33799767 PMCID: PMC8000943 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Possessing a variety of medicinal functions, Olea europaea L. is widely cultivated across the world. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Olea europaea is not yet fully elucidated. In this study, how the methanol extract of the leaves of Olea europaea (Oe-ME) can suppress in vitro inflammatory responses was examined in terms of the identification of the target protein. RAW264.7 and HEK293T cells were used to study macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and to validate the target protein using PCR, immunoblotting, nuclear fraction, overexpression, and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) under fixed conditions. Oe-ME treatment inhibited the mRNA expression levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-9, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in activated RAW264.7 cells. Oe-ME diminished the activation of activator protein (AP)-1 and the phosphorylation of its upstream signaling cascades, including extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3/6 (MKK3/6), p38, MKK7, and transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), in stimulated-RAW264.7 cells. Overexpression and CETSA were carried out to verify that TAK1 is the target of Oe-ME. Our results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of Oe-ME could be attributed to its control of posttranslational modification and transcription of TAK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoran Song
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-2-820-0458 (M.-Y.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-2-820-0458 (M.-Y.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
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A brief study on the kinetic of the voltammetric behavior of the modified carbon paste electrode with NiO nanoparticles towards loratadine as a carboxylate-amidic drug compound. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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25
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Tomazic PV, Lang-Loidolt D. Current and emerging pharmacotherapy for pediatric allergic rhinitis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 22:849-855. [PMID: 32808819 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1808622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem in adults as well as the younger population, continuously increasing and posing a significant problem for patients, health care systems and economies. For the younger population, some aspects differ from treatment of adults, namely, prevention, compliance and adherence. AREAS COVERED This narrative review summarizes all the pharmacotherapeutic options with special focus on the pediatric population. Moreover, it elucidates prevention strategies as well as future developments of AR treatment. Currently, symptomatic therapy in the form of steroids and antihistamines is applied topically and systemically where steroids need to be administered with caution and for a very short term. The only disease-modifying and causal treatment is allergen immunotherapy administered sublingually and subcutaneously. Future and current novel therapeutic options are human monoclonal antibodies. EXPERT OPINION The greatest potential for future developments currently lie in allergen immunotherapy and here in different routes of administration and modification of (recombinant) allergens as well as immune-modulating adjuvants and nanoparticles. Secondly, monoclonal antibodies are promising molecules blocking and/or interfering with up- and downstream immune mechanisms. Another important aspect lies in prevention of allergic sensitization and disease progression through both AIT and biologics which is particularly true for the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Valentin Tomazic
- Department of General Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Doris Lang-Loidolt
- Department of General Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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