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Xie YX, Yao H, Peng JF, Ni D, Liu WT, Li CQ, Yi GH. Insight into modulators of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor and implications for cardiovascular therapeutics. J Drug Target 2024; 32:300-310. [PMID: 38269855 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2309577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and it's of great importance to understand its underlying mechanisms and find new treatments. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is an active lipid that exerts its effects through S1P receptors on the cell surface or intracellular signal, and regulates many cellular processes such as cell growth, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell survival, and so on. S1PR modulators are a class of modulators that can interact with S1PR subtypes to activate receptors or block their activity, exerting either agonist or functional antagonist effects. Many studies have shown that S1P plays a protective role in the cardiovascular system and regulates cardiac physiological functions mainly through interaction with cell surface S1P receptors (S1PRs). Therefore, S1PR modulators may play a therapeutic role in cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review five S1PRs and their functions and the progress of S1PR modulators. In addition, we focus on the effects of S1PR modulators on atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury, diabetic cardiovascular diseases, and myocarditis, which may provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Xie
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Fu Peng
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Ni
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wan-Ting Liu
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chao-Quan Li
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Pepe G, Cotugno M, Marracino F, Capocci L, Pizzati L, Forte M, Stanzione R, Scarselli P, Di Pardo A, Sciarretta S, Volpe M, Rubattu S, Maglione V. Abnormal expression of sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes in the heart of spontaneously hypertensive rat models. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159411. [PMID: 37949293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids exert important roles within the cardiovascular system and related diseases. Perturbed sphingolipid metabolism was previously reported in cerebral and renal tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Specific defects related to the synthesis of sphingolipids and to the metabolism of Sphingosine-1-Phospahte (S1P) were exclusively identified in the stroke-prone (SHRSP) with the respect to the stroke-resistant (SHRSR) strain. In this study, we explored any existing perturbation in either protein or gene expression of enzymes involved in the sphingolipid pathways in cardiac tissue from both SHRSP and SHRSR strains, compared to the normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) strain. The two hypertensive rat models showed an overall perturbation of the expression of different enzymes involved in the sphingolipid metabolism in the heart. In particular, whereas the expression of the S1P-metabolizing-enzyme, SPHK2, was significantly reduced in both SHR strains, SGPL1 protein levels were decreased only in SHRSP. The protein levels of S1P receptors 1-3 were reduced only in the cardiac tissue of SHRSP, whereas S1PR2 levels were reduced in both SHR strains. The de novo synthesis of sphingolipids was aberrant in the two hypertensive strains. A significant reduction of mRNA expression of the Sgms1 and Smpd3 enzymes, implicated in the metabolism of sphingomyelin, was found in both hypertensive strains. Interestingly, Smpd2, devoted to sphingomyelin degradation, was reduced only in the heart of SHRSP. In conclusion, alterations in the expression of sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes may be involved in the susceptibility to cardiac damage of hypertensive rat strains. Specific differences detected in the SHRSP, however, deserve further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, (IS), Italy; Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, (IS), Italy; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
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Vališ M, Achiron A, Hartung HP, Mareš J, Tichá V, Štourač P, Halusková S, Angelucci F, Pavelek Z. The Benefits and Risks of Switching from Fingolimod to Siponimod for the Treatment of Relapsing-Remitting and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Drugs R D 2023; 23:331-338. [PMID: 37640862 PMCID: PMC10676342 DOI: 10.1007/s40268-023-00434-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, MS treatment is limited to several Food and Drug Administration (FDA)- and European Medicines Agency (EMA)-approved medications that slow disease progression by immunomodulatory action. Fingolimod and siponimod have similar mechanisms of action, and consequently, their therapeutic effects may be comparable. However, while fingolimod is mainly used for relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), siponimod, according to EMA label, is recommended for active secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Clinicians and scientists are analysing whether patients can switch from fingolimod to siponimod and identifying the advantages or disadvantages of such a switch from a therapeutic point of view. In this review, we aim to discuss the therapeutic effects of these two drugs and the advantages/disadvantages of switching treatment from fingolimod to siponimod in patients with the most common forms of MS, RRMS and SPMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vališ
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Sokolská 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Anat Achiron
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Neurology Department, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hans Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine at Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jan Mareš
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine at Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Tichá
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Štourač
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Sokolská 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Halusková
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Sokolská 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Francesco Angelucci
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Sokolská 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyšek Pavelek
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Sokolská 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Martín-Hernández D, Muñoz-López M, Tendilla-Beltrán H, Caso JR, García-Bueno B, Menchén L, Leza JC. Immune System and Brain/Intestinal Barrier Functions in Psychiatric Diseases: Is Sphingosine-1-Phosphate at the Helm? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12634. [PMID: 37628815 PMCID: PMC10454107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, extensive research has shed light on immune alterations and the significance of dysfunctional biological barriers in psychiatric disorders. The leaky gut phenomenon, intimately linked to the integrity of both brain and intestinal barriers, may play a crucial role in the origin of peripheral and central inflammation in these pathologies. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that regulates both the immune response and the permeability of biological barriers. Notably, S1P-based drugs, such as fingolimod and ozanimod, have received approval for treating multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory condition of the colon, respectively. Although the precise mechanisms of action are still under investigation, the effectiveness of S1P-based drugs in treating these pathologies sparks a debate on extending their use in psychiatry. This comprehensive review aims to delve into the molecular mechanisms through which S1P modulates the immune system and brain/intestinal barrier functions. Furthermore, it will specifically focus on psychiatric diseases, with the primary objective of uncovering the potential of innovative therapies based on S1P signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martín-Hernández
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (J.R.C.); (B.G.-B.); (J.C.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Muñoz-López
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (J.R.C.); (B.G.-B.); (J.C.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 72570 Puebla, Mexico;
| | - Javier R. Caso
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (J.R.C.); (B.G.-B.); (J.C.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja García-Bueno
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (J.R.C.); (B.G.-B.); (J.C.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Menchén
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBEREHD, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C. Leza
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (J.R.C.); (B.G.-B.); (J.C.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Weigel C, Bellaci J, Spiegel S. Sphingosine-1-phosphate and its receptors in vascular endothelial and lymphatic barrier function. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104775. [PMID: 37142226 PMCID: PMC10220486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular and lymphatic systems both comprise a series of structurally distinct vessels lined with an inner layer of endothelial cells that function to provide a semipermeable barrier to blood and lymph. Regulation of the endothelial barrier is critical for maintaining vascular and lymphatic barrier homeostasis. One of the regulators of endothelial barrier function and integrity is sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite secreted into the blood by erythrocytes, platelets, and endothelial cells and into the lymph by lymph endothelial cells. Binding of S1P to its G protein-coupled receptors, known as S1PR1-5, regulates its pleiotropic functions. This review outlines the structural and functional differences between vascular and lymphatic endothelium and describes current understanding of the importance of S1P/S1PR signaling in regulation of barrier functions. Most studies thus far have been primarily focused on the role of the S1P/S1PR1 axis in vasculature and have been summarized in several excellent reviews, and thus, we will only discuss new perspectives on the molecular mechanisms of action of S1P and its receptors. Much less is known about the responses of the lymphatic endothelium to S1P and the functions of S1PRs in lymph endothelial cells, and this is the major focus of this review. We also discuss current knowledge related to signaling pathways and factors regulated by the S1P/S1PR axis that control lymphatic endothelial cell junctional integrity. Gaps and limitations in current knowledge are highlighted together with the need to further understand the role of S1P receptors in the lymphatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Weigel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jacqueline Bellaci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
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Dumitrescu L, Papathanasiou A, Coclitu C, Garjani A, Evangelou N, Constantinescu CS, Popescu BO, Tanasescu R. An update on the use of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:495-509. [PMID: 36946625 PMCID: PMC10069376 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2178898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disorder of the CNS manifested by recurrent attacks of neurological symptoms (related to focal inflammation) and gradual disability accrual (related to progressive neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation). Sphingosine-1-phosphate-receptor (S1PR) modulators are a class of oral disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for relapsing MS. The first S1PR modulator developed and approved for MS was fingolimod, followed by siponimod, ozanimod, and ponesimod. All are S1P analogues with different S1PR-subtype selectivity. They restrain the S1P-dependent lymphocyte egress from lymph nodes by binding the lymphocytic S1P-subtype-1-receptor. Depending on their pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, they can also interfere with other biological functions. AREAS COVERED Our narrative review covers the PubMed English literature on S1PR modulators in MS until August 2022. We discuss their pharmacology, efficacy, safety profile, and risk management recommendations based on the results of phase II and III clinical trials. We briefly address their impact on the risk of infections and vaccines efficacy. EXPERT OPINION S1PR modulators decrease relapse rate and may modestly delay disease progression in people with relapsing MS. Aside their established benefit, their place and timing within the long-term DMT strategy in MS, as well as their immunological effects in the new and evolving context of the post-COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination campaigns warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dumitrescu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Athanasios Papathanasiou
- Department of Neurology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Catalina Coclitu
- Department of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, CHU Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Afagh Garjani
- Academic Clinical Neurology, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nikos Evangelou
- Department of Neurology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
- Academic Clinical Neurology, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Cris S Constantinescu
- Academic Clinical Neurology, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Neurology, Cooper Neurological Institute, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Bogdan Ovidiu Popescu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Tanasescu
- Department of Neurology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
- Academic Clinical Neurology, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Basavarajappa D, Gupta V, Wall RV, Gupta V, Chitranshi N, Mirshahvaladi SSO, Palanivel V, You Y, Mirzaei M, Klistorner A, Graham SL. S1PR1 signaling attenuates apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells via modulation of cJun/Bim cascade and Bad phosphorylation in a mouse model of glaucoma. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22710. [PMID: 36520045 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201346r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by optic nerve damage and apoptotic retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, and is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Among the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) family, S1PR1 is a highly expressed subtype in the central nervous system and has gained rapid attention as an important mediator of pathophysiological processes in the brain and the retina. Our recent study showed that mice treated orally with siponimod drug exerted neuroprotection via modulation of neuronal S1PR1 in experimental glaucoma. This study identified the molecular signaling pathway modulated by S1PR1 activation with siponimod treatment in RGCs in glaucomatous injury. We investigated the critical neuroprotective signaling pathway in vivo using mice deleted for S1PR1 in RGCs. Our results showed marked upregulation of the apoptotic pathway was associated with decreased Akt and Erk1/2 activation levels in the retina in glaucoma conditions. Activation of S1PR1 with siponimod treatment significantly increased neuroprotective Akt and Erk1/2 activation and attenuated the apoptotic signaling via suppression of c-Jun/Bim cascade and by increasing Bad phosphorylation. Conversely, deletion of S1PR1 in RGCs significantly increased the apoptotic cells in the ganglion cell layer in glaucoma and diminished the neuroprotective effects of siponimod treatment on Akt/Erk1/2 activation, c-Jun/Bim cascade, and Bad phosphorylation. Our data demonstrated that activation of S1PR1 in RGCs induces crucial neuroprotective signaling that suppresses the proapoptotic c-Jun/Bim cascade and increases antiapoptotic Bad phosphorylation. Our findings suggest that S1PR1 is a potential therapeutic target for neuroprotection of RGCs in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Basavarajappa
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roshana Vander Wall
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Veer Gupta
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Seyed Shahab Oddin Mirshahvaladi
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Viswanthram Palanivel
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yuyi You
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander Klistorner
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Xu L, Lu P, Wang Y. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and other immune-mediated diseases. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02961-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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9
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Microglia Contributes to BAF-312 Effects on Blood–Brain Barrier Stability. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091174. [PMID: 36139013 PMCID: PMC9496388 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia, together with astrocytes and pericytes, cooperate to ensure blood–brain barrier (BBB) stability, modulating endothelial responses to inflammatory insults. Agonists of the sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) receptors, such as siponimod (BAF-312), are important pharmacological tools in multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory diseases. Modulation of S1P receptors may result in a reduced inflammatory response and increased BBB stability. An in vitro BBB model was reproduced using human-derived endothelial cells, astrocytes and microglia. Co-cultures were exposed to inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, 10 UI and IFNγ, 5 UI) in the presence of BAF-312 (100 nM), and the BBB properties and microglia role were evaluated. The drug facilitated microglial migration towards endothelial/astrocyte co-cultures, involving the activity of the metalloprotease 2 (MMP2). Microglia actively cooperated with astrocytes in the maintenance of endothelial barrier stability: in the triple co-culture, selective treatment of microglial cells with BAF-312 significantly prevented cytokines’ effects on the endothelial barrier. In conclusion, BAF-312, modulating S1P receptors in microglia, may contribute to the reinforcement of the endothelial barrier at the BBB, suggesting an additional effect of the drug in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
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Preventive effects of a standardized flavonoid extract of safflower in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease rat model. Neuropharmacology 2022; 217:109209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wang F, Zhang X, Liu Y, Li Z, Wei R, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Khan S, Yong VW, Xue M. Neuroprotection by Ozanimod Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:927150. [PMID: 35782389 PMCID: PMC9242004 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.927150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The destruction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with poor prognosis. Modulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) may improve outcomes from ICH. Ozanimod (RPC-1063) is a newly developed S1PR regulator which can selectively modulate type 1/5 sphingosine receptors. Here, we studied the impact of Ozanimod on neuroprotection in an experimental mouse model of ICH, induced by injecting collagenase type VII into the basal ganglia. Ozanimod was administered by gavage 2 h after surgery and once a day thereafter until sacrifice. The results demonstrate that Ozanimod treatment improved neurobehavioral deficits in mice and decreased weight loss after ICH. Ozanimod significantly reduced the density of activated microglia and infiltrated neutrophils in the perihematoma region. Furthermore, Ozanimod reduced hematoma volume and water content of the ICH brain. The results of TUNEL staining indicate that Ozanimod mitigated brain cell death. The quantitative data of Evans blue (EB) staining showed that Ozanimod reduced EB dye leakage. Overall, Ozanimod reduces the destruction of the BBB and exert neuroprotective roles following ICH in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruixue Wei
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruiyi Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suliman Khan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - V. Wee Yong
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, The Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: V. Wee Yong,
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Mengzhou Xue,
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12
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Spampinato SF, Sortino MA, Salomone S. Sphingosine-1-phosphate and Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors in the cardiovascular system: pharmacology and clinical implications. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 94:95-139. [PMID: 35659378 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid that binds and activates five distinct receptor subtypes, S1P1, S1P2, S1P3, S1P4, S1P5, widely expressed in different cells, tissues and organs. In the cardiovascular system these receptors have been extensively studied, but no drug acting on them has been approved so far for treating cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, a number of S1P receptor agonists are approved as immunomodulators, mainly for multiple sclerosis, because of their action on lymphocyte trafficking. This chapter summarizes the available information on S1P receptors in the cardiovascular system and discusses their potential for treating cardiovascular conditions and/or their role on the clinical pharmacology of drugs so far approved for non-cardiovascular conditions. Basic research has recently produced data useful to understand the molecular pharmacology of S1P and S1P receptors, regarding biased agonism, S1P storage, release and vehiculation and chaperoning by lipoproteins, paracrine actions, intracellular non-receptorial S1P actions. On the other hand, the approval of fingolimod and newer generation S1P receptor ligands as immunomodulators, provides information on a number of clinical observations on the impact of these drugs on cardiovascular system which need to be integrated with preclinical data. S1P receptors are potential targets for prevention and treatment of major cardiovascular conditions, including hypertension, myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Angela Sortino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Salomone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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13
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Devasani K, Yao Y. Expression and functions of adenylyl cyclases in the CNS. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:23. [PMID: 35307032 PMCID: PMC8935726 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00322-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenylyl cyclases (ADCYs), by generating second messenger cAMP, play important roles in various cellular processes. Their expression, regulation and functions in the CNS, however, remain largely unknown. In this review, we first introduce the classification and structure of ADCYs, followed by a discussion of the regulation of mammalian ADCYs (ADCY1-10). Next, the expression and function of each mammalian ADCY isoform are summarized in a region/cell-specific manner. Furthermore, the effects of GPCR-ADCY signaling on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity are reviewed. Last, current challenges and future directions are discussed. We aim to provide a succinct review on ADCYs to foster new research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Devasani
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 8, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 8, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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14
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Spampinato SF, Merlo S, Costantino G, Sano Y, Kanda T, Sortino MA. Decreased Astrocytic CCL2 Accounts for BAF-312 Effect on PBMCs Transendothelial Migration Through a Blood Brain Barrier in Vitro Model. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2022; 17:427-436. [PMID: 34599741 PMCID: PMC9810569 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-021-10016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) is a common event in several neurological diseases and in particular, in multiple sclerosis (MS), it contributes to the infiltration of the central nervous system by peripheral inflammatory cells. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive molecule with pleiotropic effects. Agonists of S1P receptors such as fingolimod and siponimod (BAF-312) are in clinical practice for MS and have been shown to preserve BBB function in inflammatory conditions. Using an in vitro BBB model of endothelial-astrocytes co-culture exposed to an inflammatory insult (tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ; T&I), we show that BAF-312 reduced the migration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) through the endothelial layer, only in the presence of astrocytes. This effect was accompanied by decreased expression of the adhesion molecule ICAM-1. BAF-312 also reduced the activation of astrocytes, by controlling NF-kB and NLRP3 induction and preventing the increase of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokines. Reduction of CCL2 by BAF-312 may be responsible for the observed effects and, accordingly, addition of exogenous CCL2 was able to counteract BAF-312 effects and rescued T&I responses on PBMC migration, ICAM-1 expression and astrocyte activation. The present results further point out BAF-312 effects on BBB properties, suggesting also the key role of astrocytes in mediating drug effects on endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona F. Spampinato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sara Merlo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Costantino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy ,Ph.D. Program in Neuroscience and Education, DISCUM, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Yasuteru Sano
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanda
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Maria Angela Sortino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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15
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Takata F, Nakagawa S, Matsumoto J, Dohgu S. Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction Amplifies the Development of Neuroinflammation: Understanding of Cellular Events in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells for Prevention and Treatment of BBB Dysfunction. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:661838. [PMID: 34588955 PMCID: PMC8475767 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.661838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is involved in the onset or progression of various neurodegenerative diseases. Initiation of neuroinflammation is triggered by endogenous substances (damage-associated molecular patterns) and/or exogenous pathogens. Activation of glial cells (microglia and astrocytes) is widely recognized as a hallmark of neuroinflammation and triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to neurotoxicity and neuronal dysfunction. Another feature associated with neuroinflammatory diseases is impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB, which is composed of brain endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, maintains brain homeostasis and protects neurons. Impairment of this barrier allows trafficking of immune cells or plasma proteins into the brain parenchyma and subsequent inflammatory processes in the brain. Besides neurons, activated glial cells also affect BBB integrity. Therefore, BBB dysfunction can amplify neuroinflammation and act as a key process in the development of neuroinflammation. BBB integrity is determined by the integration of multiple signaling pathways within brain endothelial cells through intercellular communication between brain endothelial cells and brain perivascular cells (pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes). For prevention of BBB disruption, both cellular components, such as signaling molecules in brain endothelial cells, and non-cellular components, such as inflammatory mediators released by perivascular cells, should be considered. Thus, understanding of intracellular signaling pathways that disrupt the BBB can provide novel treatments for neurological diseases associated with neuroinflammation. In this review, we discuss current knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms involved in BBB impairment by inflammatory mediators released by perivascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuko Takata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinya Dohgu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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16
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Colombo E, Farina C. Lessons from S1P receptor targeting in multiple sclerosis. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 230:107971. [PMID: 34450231 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a potent bioactive sphingolipid binding to specific G protein-coupled receptors expressed in several organs. The relevance of S1P-S1P receptor axis in the pathophysiology of immune and nervous systems has encouraged the development of S1P receptor modulators for the treatment of neurological, autoimmune and/or inflammatory disorders. Currently, four S1P receptor modulators are approved drugs for multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. As main pharmacologic effect, these treatments induce lymphopenia due to the loss of responsiveness to S1P gradients guiding lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs into the bloodstream. Recent data point to immunological effects of the S1P modulators beyond the inhibition of lymphocyte trafficking. Further, these drugs may cross the blood-brain barrier and directly target CNS resident cells expressing S1P receptors. Here we review the role of S1P signalling in neuroimmunology at the light of the evidences generated from the study of the mechanism of action of S1P receptor modulators in MS and integrate this information with findings derived from neuroinflammatory animal models and in vitro observations. These insights can direct the application of therapeutic approaches targeting S1P receptors in other disease areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Colombo
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Cinthia Farina
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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17
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Wei W, Ma D, Li L, Zhang L. Progress in the Application of Drugs for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:724718. [PMID: 34326775 PMCID: PMC8313804 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.724718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which gives rise to focal lesion in CNS and cause physical disorders. Although environmental factors and susceptibility genes are reported to play a role in the pathogenesis of MS, its etiology still remains unclear. At present, there is no complete cure, but there are drugs that decelerate the progression of MS. Traditional therapies are disease-modifying drugs that control disease severity. MS drugs that are currently marketed mainly aim at the immune system; however, increasing attention is being paid to the development of new treatment strategies targeting the CNS. Further, the number of neuroprotective drugs is presently undergoing clinical trials and may prove useful for the improvement of neuronal function and survival. In this review, we have summarized the recent application of drugs used in MS treatment, mainly introducing new drugs with immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, or regenerative properties and their possible treatment strategies for MS. Additionally, we have presented Food and Drug Administration-approved MS treatment drugs and their administration methods, mechanisms of action, safety, and effectiveness, thereby evaluating their treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Denglei Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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18
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Ziegler AC, Gräler MH. Barrier maintenance by S1P during inflammation and sepsis. Tissue Barriers 2021; 9:1940069. [PMID: 34152926 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.1940069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a multifaceted lipid signaling molecule that activates five specific G protein-coupled S1P receptors. Despite the fact that S1P is known as one of the strongest barrier-enhancing molecules for two decades, no medical application is available yet. The reason for this lack of translation into clinical practice may be the complex regulatory network of S1P signaling, metabolism and transportation.In this review, we will provide an overview about the physiology and the network of S1P signaling with the focus on endothelial barrier maintenance in inflammation. We briefly describe the physiological role of S1P and the underlying S1P signaling in barrier maintenance, outline differences of S1P signaling and metabolism in inflammatory diseases, discuss potential targets and compounds for medical intervention, and summarize our current knowledge regarding the role of S1P in the maintenance of specialized barriers like the blood-brain barrier and the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke C Ziegler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus H Gräler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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19
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Wu H, Liu X, Gao ZY, Lin M, Zhao X, Sun Y, Pu XP. Icaritin Provides Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease by Attenuating Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Energy Deficiency. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040529. [PMID: 33805302 PMCID: PMC8066334 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction are all important pathogenic mechanisms underlying motor dysfunction and dopaminergic neuronal damage observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, despite extensive efforts, targeting inflammation and oxidative stress using various approaches has not led to meaningful clinical outcomes, and mitochondrial enhancers have also failed to convincingly achieve disease-modifying effects. We tested our hypothesis that treatment approaches in PD should simultaneously reduce neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and improve alterations in neuronal energy metabolism using the flavonoid icaritin in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of PD. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), coupled with biochemical analyses and behavioral tests, we demonstrate that icaritin improves PD by attenuating the the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity and stabilizing mitochondrial function, based on our extensive analyses showing the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome, reduction of NLRP3-mediated IL-1β secretion, and improvements in the levels of antioxidant molecules. Our data also indicated that icaritin stabilized the levels of proteins related to mitochondrial function, such as voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and ATP synthase subunit beta (ATP5B), as well as those of molecules related to energy metabolism, such as ATP and ADP, ultimately improving mitochondrial dysfunction. By employing molecular docking, we also discovered that icaritin can interact with NLRP3, VDAC, ATP5B, and several blood–brain barrier (BBB)-related proteins. These data provide insights into the promising therapeutic potential of icaritin in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (Z.-Y.G.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi Liu
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (Z.-Y.G.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ze-Yu Gao
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (Z.-Y.G.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming Lin
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (Z.-Y.G.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (Z.-Y.G.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Sun
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (Z.-Y.G.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Pu
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (Z.-Y.G.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-8280-2431
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