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Sukanya SD, Swamy BEK, Shashikumara JK, Sharma SC, Hariprasad SA. A novel, extreme low-cost poly (Erythrosine) modified pencil graphite electrode for determination of Adrenaline. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4523. [PMID: 36941302 PMCID: PMC10027675 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple, novel, and less cost yellow (Erythrosine) modified pencil graphite electrode (Po-ERY/MGPE) was successfully fabricated via electropolymerization method using cyclic voltammetric techniques. The fabricated Po-ERY/MGPE opted as a sensor for the detection of Adrenaline (ADR) in 0.2 M PBS (7.4 pH). This reported senor displayed excellent electrocatalytic activity, increased sensitivity, high stability, superior electron transfer kinetics in the oxidation of ADR once relative to BGPE. The significance of pH, scan rate, and impact of concentration was assessed at the sensor. As per the pH and scan rate study, redox routes carry the same number of electrons and protons, and electro-oxidation of ADR was adsorption controlled respectively. The LOD of ADR was found to be 0.499 µM. The DPV data indicate that there is a significant peak divergence among ADR and uric acid (UA) which could make it easier to determine them alone and simultaneously on the sensor. The described method has been employed for the determination of ADR in injection sample. Good recovery values indicate the efficacy and applicability of the sensor in detecting ADR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Sukanya
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Analytical Chemistry, Alva's College, Moodubidire, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, 574227, India
| | - B E Kumara Swamy
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Industrial Chemistry, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta, Shivmoga, Karnataka, 577451, India.
| | - J K Shashikumara
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Industrial Chemistry, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta, Shivmoga, Karnataka, 577451, India
| | - S C Sharma
- National Assessment and Accreditation Council (Work Carried Out as Honorary Professor), Jain University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 069, India.
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Zoubir J, Bakas I, Qourzal S, Tamimi M, Assabbane A. Electrochemical sensor based on a ZnO-doped graphitized carbon for the electrocatalytic detection of the antibiotic hydroxychloroquine. Application: tap water and human urine. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2023; 53:1279-1294. [PMID: 36644408 PMCID: PMC9825087 DOI: 10.1007/s10800-022-01835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract In December 2019, the world experienced a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, causing coronavirus disease 2019 originating from Wuhan.The virus has crossed national borders and now affects more than 200 countries and territories. Hydroxychloroquine has been considered as a drug capable of treating COVID-19. The objective of this work is to establish a simple platform for electrocatalytic detection of hydroxychloroquine in human urine samples and pharmaceutical samples (tablets) using a ZnO@CPE sensor constructed by simple and inexpensive hydrothermal methods using a square wave voltammetry method. The best results are obtained in a PBS electrolyte with irreversible behavior of the hydroxychloroquine complement and controlled by diffusion coupled with absorption phenomena. The ZnO@CPE shifts the oxidation potential of hydroxychloroquine with the formation of a single very intense peak at the position of Epa = 0.5 V/(vs Ag/AgCl) with a shift is ΔEp = 0.1 V(vs Ag/AgCl) compared to the unmodified electrode. The obtained ZnO@CPE hybrid nanocomposite was characterized by different techniques and showed excellent electrocatalytic activity and higher active surface area compared to the bare carbon paste electrode. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the ZnO@CPE sensor showed good analytical performance for the determination of trace amounts of hydroxychloroquine, a wide linearity range from 10-3 M to 0.8 × 10-6 M with a very low detection limit in the range of 1.33 × 10-7 M, satisfactory selectivity, acceptable repeatability and reproducibility. The calculated recovery and coefficient of variation for the two samples analyzed are very satisfactory, ranging from 97.6 to 102% and 1.2 to 2.3% respectively. The proposed applied method and the fabricated sensor offer the possibility to analyze traces of hydroxychloroquine in real human urine and water samples. Graphical abstract Strategy for the electro-oxidation reaction of hydroxychloroquine on the electro-catalytic surface of the ZnO@Carbon graphite electrode and real-time detection of hydroxychloroquine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jallal Zoubir
- Team of Catalysis and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, BP 8106, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Idriss Bakas
- Team of Catalysis and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, BP 8106, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Samir Qourzal
- Team of Catalysis and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, BP 8106, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Malika Tamimi
- Team of Catalysis and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, BP 8106, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Ali Assabbane
- Team of Catalysis and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, BP 8106, Agadir, Morocco
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Sawkar RR, Shanbhag MM, Tuwar SM, Mondal K, Shetti NP. Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Mediated Graphene Sensor for Electrochemical Detection of the Antibiotic Drug: Ciprofloxacin. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7872. [PMID: 36431357 PMCID: PMC9696905 DOI: 10.3390/ma15227872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study involves detecting and determining CIP by a new electrochemical sensor based on graphene (Gr) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) employing voltammetric techniques. Surface morphology studies of the sensing material were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). In the electroanalysis of CIP at the developed electrode, an enhanced anodic peak response was recorded, suggesting the electro-oxidation of CIP at the electrode surface. Furthermore, we evaluated the impact of the electrolytic solution, scan rate, accumulation time, and concentration variation on the electrochemical behavior of CIP. The possible electrode mechanism was proposed based on the acquired experimental information. A concentration variation study was performed using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in the lower concentration range, and the fabricated electrode achieved a detection limit of 2.9 × 10-8 M. The proposed sensor detected CIP in pharmaceutical and biological samples. The findings displayed good recovery, with 93.8% for tablet analysis and 93.3% to 98.7% for urine analysis. The stability of a developed electrode was tested by inter- and intraday analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh R. Sawkar
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahesh M. Shanbhag
- Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Hubballi 580027, Karnataka, India
| | - Suresh M. Tuwar
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India
| | - Kunal Mondal
- Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
| | - Nagaraj P. Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidyanagar, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India
- University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
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Sawkar RR, Shanbhag MM, Tuwar SM, Veerapur RS, Shetti NP. Glucose Incorporated Graphite Matrix for Electroanalysis of Trimethoprim. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:909. [PMID: 36291048 PMCID: PMC9599278 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The antibiotic drug trimethoprim (TMP) is used to treat bacterial infections in humans and animals, and frequently TMP is used along with sulfonamides. However, a large portion of TMP is excreted in its active state, which poses a severe problem to humans and the environment. A sensitive, rapid, cost-effective analytical tool is required to monitor the TMP concentration in biological and environmental samples. Hence, this study proposed an analytical methodology to analyze TMP in clinical, biological and environmental samples. The investigations were carried out using a glucose-modified carbon paste electrode (G-CPE) employing voltammetric techniques. Electrochemical behavior was examined with 0.5 mM TMP solution at optimum pH 3.4 (Phosphate Buffer Solution, I = 0.2 M). The influence of scan rate on the electro-oxidation of TMP was studied within the range of 0.05 to 0.55 V/s. The effect of pH and scan rate variations revealed proton transfer during oxidation. Moreover, diffusion phenomena governed the irreversibility of the electrode reaction. A probable and suitable electrode interaction and reaction mechanism was proposed for the electrochemical oxidation of TMP. Further, the TMP was quantitatively estimated with the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique in the concentration range from 9.0 × 10-7 to 1.0 × 10-4 M. The tablet, spiked water and urine analysis demonstrated that the selected method and developed electrode were rapid, simple, sensitive, and cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh R. Sawkar
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad 580001, India
| | - Mahesh M. Shanbhag
- Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Hubballi 580027, India
| | - Suresh M. Tuwar
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad 580001, India
| | - Ravindra S. Veerapur
- Department of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Malawi Institute of Technology, Malawi University of Science and Technology, Limbe 5196, Malawi
| | - Nagaraj P. Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidyanagar, Hubballi 580031, India
- University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India
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Lisboa TP, de Cássia Moreira B, Cunha de Souza C, Veríssimo de Oliveira WB, Costa Matos MA, Matos RC. A pencil graphite-based disposable device for electrochemical monitoring of sulfanilamide in honey and water samples. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:3867-3874. [PMID: 36129347 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01137a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present paper reports a simple, fast, and inexpensive process of manufacturing a disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) from widely available materials, which showed a reproducibility of at least 7.5%. The electrode was compared to the commercial glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and showed superior electroanalytical performance for sulfanilamide (SFA) with approximately 3.9-fold higher current density. Additionally, a displacement of the oxidation peak from approximately 80 mV to more cathodic regions was observed. Therefore, a method based on square wave voltammetry (SWV) was developed for the determination of the antimicrobial SFA in honey and tap water samples using the proposed sensor. The optimized method presented good detectability (LOD = 2.37 μmol L-1), with excellent precision and accuracy (relative standard deviation < 4.2%) and percent recovery from spiked samples ranging from 92 to 97%. In addition, the sensor did not suffer significant interference from sample matrix components and other commonly evaluated antimicrobials, which demonstrates the potential of these electrodes for implementation in routine analysis and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalles Pedrosa Lisboa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36026-900, Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil.
| | - Bianca de Cássia Moreira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36026-900, Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil.
| | - Cassiano Cunha de Souza
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36026-900, Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Renato Camargo Matos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36026-900, Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil.
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Zinc Oxide–Graphene Nanocomposite-Based Sensor for the Electrochemical Determination of Cetirizine. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12101166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A nanocomposite electrode of graphene (Gr) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles was fabricated to study the electrochemical oxidation behavior of an anti-inflammatory drug, i.e., cetirizine (CET). The voltametric response of CET for bare CPE, Gr/CPE, ZnO/CPE, and the ZnO-Gr nanocomposite electrode was studied. The modifier materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) to comprehend the surface morphology of the utilized modifiers. The influence of pH, scan rate, and accumulation time on the electrooxidation of CET was examined. It was found that the electrochemical oxidation of CET was diffusion-controlled, in which two protons and two electrons participated. The detection limit was found to be 2.8 × 10−8 M in a linearity range of 0.05–4.0 µM. Study of excipients was also performed, and it was found that they had negligible interference with the peak potential of CET. The validation and utility of the fabricated nanocomposite sensor material were examined by analyzing clinical and biological samples. Stability testing of the nanocomposite electrode was conducted to assess the reproducibility, determining that the developed biosensor has good stability and high efficiency in producing reproducible results.
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Patil VB, Malode SJ, Mangasuli SN, Tuwar SM, Mondal K, Shetti NP. An Electrochemical Electrode to Detect Theophylline Based on Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Composited with Graphene Oxide. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13081166. [PMID: 35893164 PMCID: PMC9394302 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical analysis of theophylline (THP) was investigated by fabricating a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with graphene oxide (GO) along with copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (CuO-GO/CPE). The impact of electro-kinetic parameters such as the heterogeneous rate constant, the scan rate, the accumulation time, the pH, the transfer coefficient, and the number of electrons and protons transferred into the electro-oxidation mechanism of THP has been studied utilizing electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The differential pulse voltammetry technique was employed to investigate THP in pharmaceutical and biological samples, confirming the limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of the THP. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were performed to characterize the CuO nanoparticles. The CuO-GO/CPE was more sensitive in THP detection because its electrocatalytic characteristics displayed an enhanced peak current in the 0.2 M supporting electrolyte of pH 6.0, proving the excellent sensing functioning of the modified electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinoda B. Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India; (V.B.P.); (S.N.M.)
| | - Shweta J. Malode
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidyanagar, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India;
| | - Sumitra N. Mangasuli
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India; (V.B.P.); (S.N.M.)
| | - Suresh M. Tuwar
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India; (V.B.P.); (S.N.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.T.); (K.M.); (N.P.S.)
| | - Kunal Mondal
- Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
- Correspondence: (S.M.T.); (K.M.); (N.P.S.)
| | - Nagaraj P. Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidyanagar, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India;
- Correspondence: (S.M.T.); (K.M.); (N.P.S.)
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Bustos E, Sandoval-González A, Martínez-Sánchez C. Detection and Treatment of Persistent Pollutants in Water: General Review of Pharmaceutical Products. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Bustos
- Centro de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico en Electroquimica SC Science Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroq76703México 76703 Pedro Escobedo MEXICO
| | - Antonia Sandoval-González
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica SC: Centro de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico en Electroquimica SC Science Parque Tecnológico Querétaro s/nSanfandila 76703 Pedro Escobedo MEXICO
| | - Carolina Martínez-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica SC: Centro de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico en Electroquimica SC Science Parque Tecnológico Querétaro s/nSanfandila 76703 Pedro Escobedo MEXICO
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Recent Developments in Voltammetric Analysis of Pharmaceuticals Using Disposable Pencil Graphite Electrodes. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The even growing production of both well-known and new derivatives with pharmaceutical action involves the need for developing facile and reliable methods for the analysis of these compounds. Among the widely used instrumental techniques, the electrochemical ones are probably the simplest and the most rapid, also having good performance characteristics. However, the key tool in electroanalysis is the working electrode. Due to the inherent electrochemical and economic advantages of the pencil graphite electrode (PGE), the interest in its applicability in the analysis of different analytes has continuously increased in recent years. Thus, this paper aims to review the scientific reports published in the last 10 years on the use of the disposable eco- and user-friendly PGEs in the electroanalysis of compounds of pharmaceutical importance in different matrices. The PGE characteristics and designs (bare or modified with various types of materials), along with their applications and performance parameters (e.g., linear range, limit of detection, and reproducibility), will be discussed, and their advantages and limitations will be critically emphasized.
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Graphene sheet-based electrochemical sensor with cationic surfactant for sensitive detection of atorvastatin. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2022.100198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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MWCNT modified glassy carbon electrode in presence of cationic surfactant for the electro-analysis of paclitaxel. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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