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Liu M, Fu X, Lu M, Liu J, Xie H, Wei P, Zhang W, Xie Y, Qi Y. Colorimetric and visual determination of iodide ions via morphology transition of gold nanobipyramids. Anal Biochem 2023; 666:115077. [PMID: 36754136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The gold nanobipyramids (Au NBPs) are widely used in the analytical detection of biochemistry due to their unique localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties. In our developed approach, I- in kelp was detected by etching Au NBPs in the presence of IO3-. Under acidic conditions, IO3- reacted rapidly with I- to form I2, subsequently I2 reacted with I- to form the intermediate I3-. In the presence of CTAB, Au NBPs were etched by I2 derived from I3-, resulting in a decrease in the aspect ratio of Au NBPs, to form a significant blue shift of LSPR longitudinal peak and color variation of colloid which changed from blue-green to magenta and could be employed to quantitatively detect the concentration of I- with the naked eye. A linear relationship can be found between the LSPR peak changes with the I- concentration in a wide range from 4.0 μM to 15.0 μM, and the sensitive limit of detection (LOD) was 0.2 μM for UV-vis spectroscopy and the obvious color changes with a visual LOD was 4.0 μM for the naked eye. Benefiting from the high specificity, the proposed colorimetric detection of I- in kelp samples was achieved, indicating the available potential of the colorimetric detection for the determination of I- in real samples. What's more, this detection procedure was time-saving and could avoid tedious procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Xiaojuan Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Mengjie Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Jijian Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Huihui Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Peng Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
| | - Yahong Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China.
| | - Ying Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China.
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Chen Q, Su A, Zou X, Liu F, Gong R, Zhu J, Li Z, Wei T. Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Outcomes of Massive Multinodular Goiter: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:850235. [PMID: 35685217 PMCID: PMC9170891 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.850235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroidectomy for massive goiters is challenging because of the increased risk of tracheomalacia, combined sternotomy, postoperative morbidity, and mortality, whereas studies investigating the clinicopathologic characteristics, postoperative morbidities, and surgical outcomes of massive goiters are limited. METHODS Patients with goiters undergoing thyroid surgery between 2009 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 227 patients were enrolled and divided into massive goiter group and large goiter group according to the weight of the goiter. Clinicopathologic characteristics, postoperative morbidities, and surgical outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Seventy-four patients (32.6%) had a goiter weighing more than 250 g and 153 patients (67.4%) were categorized in the large goiter group. Compared to large goiter patients, massive goiter patients had higher rates of retrosternal extension (82.4% vs. 30.7%), combined sternotomy (12.2% vs. 1.3%), intensive care unit admission (25.7% vs. 7.2%), transient hypoparathyroidism (41.9% vs. 25.5%), and transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (10.8% vs. 3.3%) as well as prolonged length of hospital stay (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Massive goiter patients were at increased risk of combined sternotomy, intensive care unit admission, postoperative morbidities as well as prolonged length of hospital stay after thyroidectomy compared to large goiter patients, but most of them can be treated through a cervical approach with a favorable outcome.
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Chávarro Bermeo FE, Arteaga Diaz JM, Roth Deubel AN. Política mundial de yodación de sal: desafíos. Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) 2021. [DOI: 10.15446/rsap.v23n6.98302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo Identificar los desafíos que conlleva la implementación de la política mundial de yodación de sal para el consumo humano.
Métodos Se realizó una revisión de la literatura publicada entre el año 2000 y 2021 en PubMed, con los términos MeSH yodo, política pública, cloruro de sodio y los términos complementarios yodo/deficiencia, exceso. Se obtuvieron 141 artículos y se revisaron 50 aplicando como criterio de inclusión el abordaje de la implementación de la política de yodación.
Resultados Se identificaron siete desafíos: sostenibilidad de la política, eliminar la brecha entre la explotación y la comercialización de la sal, prevenir la fortificación indiscriminada de los alimentos, promover la educación sobre la ingesta de sal yodada, controlar la ingesta excesiva de yodo, equilibrar la ingesta óptima de yodo con la reducción del consumo de cloruro de sodio y producir suficiente información oficial sobre la política.
Conclusión La yodación universal de la sal es una política que requiere mayor sensibilidad a las situaciones locales de cada país para mitigar efectivamente el problema de salud pública de los desórdenes por deficiencia y exceso en la ingesta de yodo alrededor del mundo.
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Shannon OM, Easton C, Shepherd AI, Siervo M, Bailey SJ, Clifford T. Dietary nitrate and population health: a narrative review of the translational potential of existing laboratory studies. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:65. [PMID: 34099037 PMCID: PMC8186051 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00292-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary inorganic nitrate (NO3-) is a polyatomic ion, which is present in large quantities in green leafy vegetables and beetroot, and has attracted considerable attention in recent years as a potential health-promoting dietary compound. Numerous small, well-controlled laboratory studies have reported beneficial health effects of inorganic NO3- consumption on blood pressure, endothelial function, cerebrovascular blood flow, cognitive function, and exercise performance. Translating the findings from small laboratory studies into 'real-world' applications requires careful consideration. MAIN BODY This article provides a brief overview of the existing empirical evidence basis for the purported health-promoting effects of dietary NO3- consumption. Key areas for future research are then proposed to evaluate whether promising findings observed in small animal and human laboratory studies can effectively translate into clinically relevant improvements in population health. These proposals include: 1) conducting large-scale, longer duration trials with hard clinical endpoints (e.g. cardiovascular disease incidence); 2) exploring the feasibility and acceptability of different strategies to facilitate a prolonged increase in dietary NO3- intake; 3) exploitation of existing cohort studies to explore associations between NO3- intake and health outcomes, a research approach allowing larger samples sizes and longer duration follow up than is feasible in randomised controlled trials; 4) identifying factors which might account for individual differences in the response to inorganic NO3- (e.g. sex, genetics, habitual diet) and could assist with targeted/personalised nutritional interventions; 5) exploring the influence of oral health and medication on the therapeutic potential of NO3- supplementation; and 6) examining potential risk of adverse events with long term high- NO3- diets. CONCLUSION The salutary effects of dietary NO3- are well established in small, well-controlled laboratory studies. Much less is known about the feasibility and efficacy of long-term dietary NO3- enrichment for promoting health, and the factors which might explain the variable responsiveness to dietary NO3- supplementation between individuals. Future research focussing on the translation of laboratory data will provide valuable insight into the potential applications of dietary NO3- supplementation to improve population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver M Shannon
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Chris Easton
- Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, University of the West of Scotland, Blantyre, Scotland, UK
| | - Anthony I Shepherd
- School of Sport, Health & Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stephen J Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Tom Clifford
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
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Cappelli C, Pirola I, Gandossi E, Rotondi M, Casella C, Lombardi D, Agosti B, Ferlin A, Castellano M. Ultrasound of benign thyroid nodules: A 120 months follow-up study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2021; 94:866-871. [PMID: 33394535 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some evidence suggests that most benign nodules exhibit no significant size increase during 5 years of follow-up, although conflicting results have emerged. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the frequency and the magnitude of growth in benign nodules during 120 months of follow-up. DESIGN We reviewed the medical and imaging records of patients who were submitted to ultrasound-guided FNA of thyroid nodules at our hospital from January 2007 to March 2009. We selected only patients with benign nodules who underwent annual ultrasound evaluation in our Department. RESULTS Among 966 selected patients, 289 were lost during follow-up, meaning that the total number of patients analysed was 677 (474 women and 203 men), with a mean age of 45.6 (16-71) years. In 559/677 patients (82.7%), the size of the nodule remained stable during follow-up; 42 (6.2%) patients experienced spontaneous nodule shrinkage, and 75 (11.1%) patients showed nodule growth. Patients with or without nodule growth during follow-up were superimposable at baseline for age, gender, TSH values, number of patients on levothyroxine treatment and nodule characteristics. All baseline variables in predicting nodular growth were entered to an adjusted multivariate logistic regression model. None of the parameters taken into account was associated with nodular growth. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the majority of benign nodules remained stable over the period of monitoring. On the basis of our experience, we recommend ultrasound examination at a distance of 2 and 5 years following cytological evaluation, then every 4-5 years from then on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Cappelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilenia Pirola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Gandossi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mario Rotondi
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudio Casella
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Lombardi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Agosti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Ferlin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Castellano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Tolu F, Palermo M, Dore MP, Errigo A, Canelada A, Poulain M, Pes GM. Association of endemic goitre and exceptional longevity in Sardinia: evidence from an ecological study. Eur J Ageing 2019; 16:405-414. [PMID: 31798366 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-019-00510-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to test the hypothesis that a high prevalence of endemic goitre, considered as a proxy measure for subclinically reduced thyroid function in the population, is geographically associated with exceptional longevity. Using historical data available for 377 Sardinian municipalities in the first half of the twentieth century, we performed an ecological study to investigate the geographic distribution of goitre and its spatial association with demographic indicators of population longevity. This analysis was conducted by using both conventional ordinary least square and geographically weighted regression models to take into account spatial autocorrelation and included other longevity-associated factors previously identified in Sardinia. The spatial analysis revealed that the goitre rate (p < 0.0001), the proportion of inhabitants involved in pastoralism (p = 0.016), the terrain inclination (p = 0.008), and the distance from the workplace as a proxy for physical activity (p = 0.023) were consistently associated with population longevity at an aggregated level in the 377 municipalities. Within the limits of an ecological study design, our findings support the existence of a significant association between high goitre prevalence and increased probability to survive into old age. The present study confirms previous results and is consistent with animal studies and epidemiological surveys in other long-lived areas known as Blue Zones. Potential mechanisms underlying this association need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tolu
- 1S.C. di Endocrinologia, Malattie della Nutrizione e del Ricambio - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Palermo
- 1S.C. di Endocrinologia, Malattie della Nutrizione e del Ricambio - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Dore
- 2Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Ana Canelada
- 4Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública e Historia de la Ciencia, Universidad de Màlaga, Màlaga, Spain
| | - Michel Poulain
- 5Estonian Institute for Population Studies, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Giovanni Mario Pes
- 2Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Sardinia Blue Zone Observatory, Sardinia, Italy
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Ma ZF. Thyrotoxicosis after iodine fortification. A 21-year Danish population-based study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018; 89:677-678. [PMID: 30176058 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Feei Ma
- Department of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
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Apellaniz-Ruiz M, de Kock L, Sabbaghian N, Guaraldi F, Ghizzoni L, Beccuti G, Foulkes WD. Familial multinodular goiter and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors associated with a large intragenic in-frame DICER1 deletion. Eur J Endocrinol 2018; 178:K11-K19. [PMID: 29187512 DOI: 10.1530/eje-17-0904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Familial multinodular goiter (MNG), with or without ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (SLCT), has been linked to DICER1 syndrome. We aimed to search for the presence of a germline DICER1 mutation in a large family with a remarkable history of MNG and SLCT, and to further explore the relevance of the identified mutation. DESIGN AND METHODS Sanger sequencing, Fluidigm Access Array and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) techniques were used to screen for DICER1 mutations in germline DNA from 16 family members. Where available, tumor DNA was also studied. mRNA and protein extracted from carriers' lymphocytes were used to characterize the expression of the mutant DICER1. RESULTS Nine of 16 tested individuals carried a germline, in-frame DICER1 deletion (c.4207-41_5364+1034del), which resulted in the loss of exons 23 and 24 from the cDNA. The mutant transcript does not undergo nonsense-mediated decay and the protein is devoid of specific metal ion-binding amino acids (p.E1705 and p.D1709) in the RNase IIIb domain. In addition, characteristic somatic 'second hit' mutations in this region were found on the other allele in tumors. CONCLUSIONS Patients with DICER1 syndrome usually present a combination of a typically truncating germline DICER1 mutation and a tumor-specific hotspot missense mutation within the sequence encoding the RNase IIIb domain. The in-frame deletion found in this family suggests that the germline absence of p.E1705 and p.D1709, which are crucial for RNase IIIb activity, may be enough to permit DICER1 syndrome to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Apellaniz-Ruiz
- Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Leanne de Kock
- Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nelly Sabbaghian
- Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Federica Guaraldi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Pituitary Unit, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Ghizzoni
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Beccuti
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - William D Foulkes
- Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology and Human Genetics, Program in Cancer Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Iodine Deficiency, Still a Global Problem? CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2017; 43:103-111. [PMID: 30595864 PMCID: PMC6284174 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.43.02.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Iodine Deficiency Disorders are a major public health problem worldwide affecting all groups of people of which children and lactating women are the most vulnerable categories. At a global scale, aproximately 2 billion people suffer of iodine deficiency (ID) of which aproximately 50 million present with clinical manifestations. Assesing iodine levels through different methods has proven to have a key role when discussing treatment options. Screening programs, and early ID diagnostic is important for pregnant women’s follow-up, especially in known countries with iodine dificiency. Universal salt iodization programs have been proposed over the world, but unfortunately have covered about 71% of the world’s population. The aim of this article is to adress the current standings of iodine status and influence on general population with a general focus on newborns and pregnant women and to review the worldwide perspective on available prevention methods.
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Pes GM, Tognotti E, Poulain M, Chambre D, Dore MP. Why were Sardinians the shortest Europeans? A journey through genes, infections, nutrition, and sex. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2017; 163:3-13. [PMID: 28138956 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Since ancient times the Mediterranean island of Sardinia has been known for harboring a population with an average body height shorter than almost every other ethnic group in Europe. After over a century of investigations, the cause(s) at the origin of this uniqueness are not yet clear. The shorter stature of Sardinians appears to have been documented since prehistoric times, as revealed by the analysis of skeletal remains discovered in archaeological sites on the island. Recently, a number of genetic, hormonal, environmental, infective and nutritional factors have been put forward to explain this unique anthropometric feature, which persisted for a long time, even when environmental and living conditions improved around 1960. Although some of the putative factors are supported by sound empirical evidence, weaker support is available for others. The recent advent of whole genome analysis techniques shed new light on specific variants at the origin of this short stature. However, the marked geographical variability of stature across time and space within the island, and the well-known presence of pockets of short height in the population of the southern districts, are still puzzling findings that have attracted the interest of anthropologists and geneticists. The purpose of this review is to focus on the state-of-the-art research on stature, as well as the factors that made Sardinians the shortest among Europeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Mario Pes
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Eugenia Tognotti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Michel Poulain
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Dany Chambre
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Dore
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy
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Monitoring the effects of iodine prophylaxis in the adult population of southern Italy with deficient and sufficient iodine intake levels: a cross-sectional, epidemiological study. Br J Nutr 2017; 117:170-175. [PMID: 28098046 PMCID: PMC5297575 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516004499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
I prophylaxis is the most effective strategy to eradicate I deficiency disorders, but it has been shown to affect the thyroid disease pattern. In this study, we assessed the frequency of thyroid disorders in an adult population living in two areas of southern Italy after implementing I prophylaxis. To this aim, a cross-sectional, population-based study including 489 subjects from an I-deficient rural and an I-sufficient urban area of southern Italy was conducted. Thyroid ultrasound was performed on all participants, and urine and blood samples were collected from each subject. The levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin (TgAb) and thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb), urinary I excretion (UIE), and thyroid volume and echogenicity were evaluated. We found that the median UIE was higher in the urban than in the rural area (P=0·004), whereas the prevalence of subjects affected by goitre was higher in the rural compared with the urban area (P=0·003). Positive TgAb rather than TPOAb were more frequent in subjects from the urban area compared with the rural area (P=0·009). The hypoechoic pattern at thyroid ultrasound (HT-US) was similar between the two areas, but TgAb were significantly higher (P=0·01) in HT-US subjects from the urban area. The frequency of elevated TSH did not differ between the two screened populations, and no changes were found for TgAb positivity in subjects with high TSH in the urban compared with the rural area. Our findings support that the small risks of I supplementation are far outweighed by the substantial benefits of correcting I deficiency, although continued monitoring of populations is necessary.
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Bailey SJ, Blackwell JR, Wylie LJ, Emery A, Taylor E, Winyard PG, Jones AM. Influence of iodide ingestion on nitrate metabolism and blood pressure following short-term dietary nitrate supplementation in healthy normotensive adults. Nitric Oxide 2016; 63:13-20. [PMID: 28024935 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Uptake of inorganic nitrate (NO3-) into the salivary circulation is a rate-limiting step for dietary NO3- metabolism in mammals. It has been suggested that salivary NO3- uptake occurs in competition with inorganic iodide (I-). Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that I- supplementation would interfere with NO3- metabolism and blunt blood pressure reductions after dietary NO3- supplementation. Nine healthy adults (4 male, mean ± SD, age 20 ± 1 yr) reported to the laboratory for initial baseline assessment (control) and following six day supplementation periods with 140 mL·day-1 NO3--rich beetroot juice (8.4 mmol NO3-·day-1) and 198 mg potassium gluconate·day-1 (nitrate), and 140 mL·day-1 NO3--rich beetroot juice and 450 μg potassium iodide·day-1 (nitrate + iodide) in a randomized, cross-over experiment. Salivary [I-] was higher in the nitrate + iodide compared to the control and NIT trials (P < 0.05). Salivary and plasma [NO3-] and [NO2-] were higher in the nitrate and nitrate + iodide trials compared to the control trial (P < 0.05). Plasma [NO3-] was higher (474 ± 127 vs. 438 ± 117 μM) and the salivary-plasma [NO3-] ratio was lower (14 ± 6 vs. 20 ± 6 μM), indicative of a lower salivary NO3- uptake, in the nitrate + iodide trial compared to the nitrate trial (P < 0.05). Plasma and salivary [NO2-] were not different between the nitrate and nitrate + iodide trials (P > 0.05). Systolic blood pressure was lower than control (112 ± 13 mmHg) in the nitrate (106 ± 13 mmHg) and nitrate + iodide (106 ± 11 mmHg) trials (P < 0.05), with no differences between the nitrate and nitrate + iodide trials (P > 0.05). In conclusion, co-ingesting NO3- and I- perturbed salivary NO3- uptake, but the increase in salivary and plasma [NO2-] and the lowering of blood pressure were similar compared to NO3- ingestion alone. Therefore, increased dietary I- intake, which is recommended in several countries worldwide as an initiative to offset hypothyroidism, does not appear to compromise the blood pressure reduction afforded by increased dietary NO3- intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Bailey
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK.
| | - Jamie R Blackwell
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Lee J Wylie
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Annabelle Emery
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Ellie Taylor
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Paul G Winyard
- University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew M Jones
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK
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Urciuoli C, Abelleira E, Balonga MC, Arevalo de Cross G, Schmidt A, Sala M, Rosales M, Maidana P, Mesch V, Pitoia F. Prevalencia de enfermedades tiroideas en una población del área metropolitana de Buenos Aires. REVISTA ARGENTINA DE ENDOCRINOLOGÍA Y METABOLISMO 2016; 53:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.raem.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
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