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Carletti A, Gavaia PJ, Cancela ML, Laizé V. Metabolic bone disorders and the promise of marine osteoactive compounds. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 81:11. [PMID: 38117357 PMCID: PMC10733242 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic bone disorders and associated fragility fractures are major causes of disability and mortality worldwide and place an important financial burden on the global health systems. These disorders result from an unbalance between bone anabolic and resorptive processes and are characterized by different pathophysiological mechanisms. Drugs are available to treat bone metabolic pathologies, but they are either poorly effective or associated with undesired side effects that limit their use. The molecular mechanism underlying the most common metabolic bone disorders, and the availability, efficacy, and limitations of therapeutic options currently available are discussed here. A source for the unmet need of novel drugs to treat metabolic bone disorders is marine organisms, which produce natural osteoactive compounds of high pharmaceutical potential. In this review, we have inventoried the marine osteoactive compounds (MOCs) currently identified and spotted the groups of marine organisms with potential for MOC production. Finally, we briefly examine the availability of in vivo screening and validation tools for the study of MOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Carletti
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Paulo Jorge Gavaia
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Associação Oceano Verde (GreenCoLab), Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria Leonor Cancela
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Vincent Laizé
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
- Collaborative Laboratory for Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture (S2AQUAcoLAB), Olhão, Portugal.
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2
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Hu X, Foster BL, Zhao B, Tseng HC, Wu YC, Ko CC. Optineurin regulates osteoblast function in an age-dependent fashion in a mouse model of Paget's disease of bone. Bone 2023; 177:116929. [PMID: 37802379 PMCID: PMC10591808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a degenerative disorder affecting the skull and bones. Hyperactive osteoclasts (OCs) initiate bone degradation in the early stage, followed by increased bone formation by osteoblasts (OBs) in trabecular bones during the advanced stage. This OB-OC uncoupling results in bone deformations and irregular trabecular bone patterns. Current mouse models poorly replicate the advanced-stage characteristics of PDB. Optineurin (Gene: OPTN in humans, Optn in mice, protein: OPTN) has been implicated in PDB by genetic analyses. We identified PDB-like cortical lesions associated with OC hyperactivation in an Optn knockout (Optn-/-) mouse model. However, the effects of OPTN dysfunction on OBs and trabecular bone in advanced PDB remain unclear. In this study, we used the Optn-/- mouse model to investigate trabecular bone abnormalities and OB activity in PDB. Micro-computed tomography analysis revealed severe pagetic alterations in craniofacial bones and femurs of aged Optn-/- mice, resembling clinical manifestations of PDB. Altered OB activity was observed in aged Optn-/- mice, implicating compensatory OB response in trabecular bone anomalies. To elucidate the role of OC-OB interactions in PDB, we conducted in vitro experiments using OC conditioned media (CM) to examine the effects on OB osteogenic potential. We found OC CM restored compromised osteogenic induction of Optn-/- bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from young mice, suggesting OCs maintain OB activity through secreted factors. Strikingly, OC CM from aged Optn-/- mice significantly enhanced osteogenic capability of Optn-/- BMSCs, providing evidence for increased OB activity in advanced stages of PDB. We further identified TGF-β/BMP signaling pathway in mediating the effects of OC CM on OBs. Our findings provide insights into Optn's role in trabecular bone abnormalities and OB activity in PDB. This enhances understanding of PDB pathogenesis and may contribute to potential therapeutic strategies for PDB and related skeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Hu
- Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Brian L Foster
- Division of Biosciences, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Baohong Zhao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Henry C Tseng
- Duke Eye Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yi-Chu Wu
- Division of Periodontology, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ching-Chang Ko
- Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Rizvi AH, Mobeen H, Ahmad A, Saghir H, Farhan A. Paget's Disease of Bone: A Rare Incidence in Early Adult Life in Pakistan, Southeast Asia. Cureus 2023; 15:e50242. [PMID: 38192941 PMCID: PMC10772316 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a focal disorder of skeletal remodeling leading to alteration of bony structures and properties, uncommonly reported in people under the age of 40 years, particularly in the Southeast Asia region. In the literature, PDB has been well reported in regions of Europe, in contrast to Asia where there has been limited records of prevalence of PDM especially in the younger age population. Here, we report a 21-year-old male patient presenting with an advanced disease with complaints of auditory impairment, bone pain, and neurological signs due to compression of the interverbal disc developed progressively over two months, having an elevated serum alkaline phosphatase level of 601 IU/L. The patient was administered zoledronic acid that brought significant improvement in his health. We aim to signify the advanced presentation of PDB in our region to create awareness about the condition among physicians and aid in the prompt diagnosis and prevention of the most dreaded complications of the disease, such as osteosarcoma, secondary osteoarthritis, and fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Rizvi
- Internal Medicine, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Hafsa Mobeen
- Internal Medicine, HBS Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Afaq Ahmad
- General Surgery, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Hina Saghir
- Internal Medicine, HBS Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Ahmed Farhan
- Medicine, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, PAK
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4
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Dong Y, Chen Y, Ma G, Cao H. The role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in bone homeostasis and related diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3963-3987. [PMID: 37799379 PMCID: PMC10547920 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) dedicates to degrade intracellular proteins to modulate demic homeostasis and functions of organisms. These enzymatic cascades mark and modifies target proteins diversly through covalently binding ubiquitin molecules. In the UPS, E3 ubiquitin ligases are the crucial constituents by the advantage of recognizing and presenting proteins to proteasomes for proteolysis. As the major regulators of protein homeostasis, E3 ligases are indispensable to proper cell manners in diverse systems, and they are well described in physiological bone growth and bone metabolism. Pathologically, classic bone-related diseases such as metabolic bone diseases, arthritis, bone neoplasms and bone metastasis of the tumor, etc., were also depicted in a UPS-dependent manner. Therefore, skeletal system is versatilely regulated by UPS and it is worthy to summarize the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, based on the current status of treatment, normal or pathological osteogenesis and tumorigenesis elaborated in this review highlight the clinical significance of UPS research. As a strategy possibly remedies the limitations of UPS treatment, emerging PROTAC was described comprehensively to illustrate its potential in clinical application. Altogether, the purpose of this review aims to provide more evidence for exploiting novel therapeutic strategies based on UPS for bone associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guixing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Wang H, Liu Q, Jiang M, Song C, Liu D. Optimization of the dosage regimen of zoledronic acid with a kinetic-pharmacodynamic model and exposure-response analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1089774. [PMID: 37829305 PMCID: PMC10565503 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1089774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In order to support the dose optimization of zoledronic acid, the kinetic-pharmacodynamic model and exposure-response analysis were used to describe the changes in bone mineral density in different doses of zoledronic acid and establish the relationship between dose and acute phase reaction. Methods: Data were extracted from literature in accessible public databases. The kinetic-pharmacodynamic model was developed based on the above data using the NONMEM package to estimate parameters describing the relationship between the dose of zoledronic acid and bone mineral density. Exposure-response analysis was developed to establish the relationship between dose and acute phase reaction. Model evaluation was performed using goodness-of-fit, coefficient of variation (CV%). And sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the necessity of related parameters. Then the established model was used to simulate the changes of bone mineral density under different administration regimens, and the literature data was verified. Results: The kinetic-pharmacodynamic model successfully described zoledronic acid dose and change of bone mineral density in osteoporosis patients, with coefficient of variation of most less than 71.5%. The exposure-response analysis showed the incidence of acute phase reaction is dose-dependent. The bone mineral density was simulated based on the developed kinetic-pharmacodynamic model. And the simulated change of bone mineral density and the incidence of acute phase reaction could be helpful to propose a dosage regimen. Conclusion: Overall, the kinetic-pharmacodynamic model described changes of bone mineral density in different doses of zoledronic acid in vivo. And, the model and the exposure-response analysis also showed to provide the assessment of dose-response relationship for zoledronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Drug Clinical Trial Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Clinical Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Drug Clinical Trial Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Clinical Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Muhan Jiang
- Drug Clinical Trial Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Clinical Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Clinical Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- Drug Clinical Trial Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Clinical Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing, Beijing, China
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Kamalumpundi V, Shams E, Torfah M, Correia ML. Amelioration of Paget Disease of Bone After Denosumab for Osteopenia. AACE Clin Case Rep 2023; 9:158-161. [PMID: 37736316 PMCID: PMC10509370 DOI: 10.1016/j.aace.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits bone resorption and is indicated for the treatment of osteoporosis, bone metastases, and giant cell tumor of bone. We describe a woman with symptomatic Paget disease of the skull whose headaches and monostotic disease of the skull improved after receiving denosumab for concomitant low bone density. Case Report A 75-year-old woman presented with unremitting headache of 1 month. She had a medical history of polymyalgia rheumatica, osteopenia, hypothyroidism, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. She reported taking prednisone 1 to 20 mg daily for polymyalgia rheumatica for 1 year and received a dose of denosumab 60 mg for osteopenia 1 month before presentation. The calcium, alkaline phosphatase, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels were 8.2 mg/dL (reference range [RR], 8.5-10.5 mg/dL), 132 U/L (RR, 40-129 U/L), and 17.8 μg/L (RR, 7-22.4 μg/L), respectively. Skull radiography revealed sclerosis/hyperostosis, lytic lesions, and expansion of bone, consistent with Paget disease of bone (PDB). Five months after the initial presentation, her headache resolved, and her calcium and alkaline phosphatase levels were 9.7 U/L and 96 U/L, respectively. Discussion Denosumab neutralizes the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand. To date, there have been 2 case reports reported in the English literature of denosumab used successfully in patients with PDB who could not tolerate or were not eligible for bisphosphonates. This case report describes a patient with PDB treated with denosumab for osteopenia who experienced improvement in PDB-related symptoms. Conclusion Although denosumab was originally approved for the treatment of osteoporosis, the inhibition of bone resorption via inhibition of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand may be potentially effective in the treatment of PDB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayvardhan Kamalumpundi
- Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Elham Shams
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Maisoon Torfah
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Marcelo L. Correia
- Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
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Ikarashi A, Sano H, Tanaka M, Ohshima H. The accuracy of quantifying the degree of hard tissue calcification using an electron probe micro analyzer, micro-focus X-ray computed tomography, and tissue sectioning methods. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:226-232. [PMID: 37307873 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Micro-focus X-ray computed tomography (μCT) helps evaluate specimens without destroying it. However, its accuracy of quantifying bone mineral density remains to be fully elucidated. We aimed to verify the accuracy of calcification assessed by μCT, by comparing the images of identical specimens obtained via different methods such as μCT and electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA) analyses. METHODS The maxillae, mandibles, and tibiae of five-week-old male mice were analyzed. Calcification density was analyzed using μCT. The right sides of the specimens were decalcified and processed for Azan staining. The left side of the specimens underwent elemental mapping for Ca, Mg, and P using EPMA. RESULTS μCT revealed a significant increase in calcification levels in the following order: enamel, dentin, cortical bone, and trabecular bone. These results reflected the Ca and P levels observed in the EPMA analyses. μCT demonstrated significant differences in the degree of calcification among the enamel tissues or dentin tissues, except for dentin in the maxillary incisors and molars. However, EPMA analysis did not demonstrate significant differences in the Ca and P levels among the same tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS EPMA elemental analysis can be used to measure Ca and P levels for evaluating the calcification rate of hard tissues. Additionally, the study results validate the evaluation of calcification density via μCT. Furthermore, μCT can evaluate even minute differences in calcification rates compared with EPMA analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Ikarashi
- Division of Instrumental Analysis, Center for Coordination of Research Facilities, Institute for Research Administration, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroto Sano
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Technology, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Mikako Tanaka
- Division of Dental Laboratory Technology, Meirin College, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
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Stoilov B, Truong VK, Gronthos S, Vasilev K. Noninvasive and Microinvasive Nanoscale Drug Delivery Platforms for Hard Tissue Engineering. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:2925-2943. [PMID: 37565698 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue plays a crucial role in protecting internal organs and providing structural support and locomotion of the body. Treatment of hard tissue defects and medical conditions due to physical injuries, genetic disorders, aging, metabolic syndromes, and infections is more often a complex and drawn out process. Presently, dealing with hard-tissue-based clinical problems is still mostly conducted via surgical interventions. However, advances in nanotechnology over the last decades have led to shifting trends in clinical practice toward noninvasive and microinvasive methods. In this review article, recent advances in the development of nanoscale platforms for bone tissue engineering have been reviewed and critically discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of noninvasive and microinvasive methods for treating medical conditions related to hard tissue regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borislav Stoilov
- Biomedical Nanoengineering Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- Biomedical Nanoengineering Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide/SAHMRI, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- Biomedical Nanoengineering Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
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Godoi MA, Camilli AC, Gonzales KGA, Costa VB, Papathanasiou E, Leite FRM, Guimarães-Stabili MR. JAK/STAT as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Osteolytic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10290. [PMID: 37373437 PMCID: PMC10299676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several cytokines with major biological functions in inflammatory diseases exert their functions through the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signal transduction pathway. JAKs phosphorylate the cytoplasmic domain of the receptor, inducing the activation of its substrates, mainly the proteins known as STATs. STATs bind to these phosphorylated tyrosine residues and translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, further regulating the transcription of several genes that regulate the inflammatory response. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. There is also increasing evidence indicating that the persistent activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is related to several inflammatory bone (osteolytic) diseases. However, the specific mechanism remains to be clarified. JAK/STAT signaling pathway inhibitors have gained major scientific interest to explore their potential in the prevention of the destruction of mineralized tissues in osteolytic diseases. Here, our review highlights the importance of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in inflammation-induced bone resorption and presents the results of clinical studies and experimental models of JAK inhibitors in osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariely A. Godoi
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, UNESP, Araraquara 14801-385, Brazil; (M.A.G.)
| | - Angelo C. Camilli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, UNESP, Araraquara 14801-385, Brazil; (M.A.G.)
| | - Karen G. A. Gonzales
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, UNESP, Araraquara 14801-385, Brazil; (M.A.G.)
| | - Vitória B. Costa
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, UNESP, Araraquara 14801-385, Brazil; (M.A.G.)
| | - Evangelos Papathanasiou
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - Fábio R. M. Leite
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre, Singapore 168938, Singapore;
- Oral Health Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Morgana R. Guimarães-Stabili
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, UNESP, Araraquara 14801-385, Brazil; (M.A.G.)
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Wu Y, Ai H, Xi Y, Yin P, Qu Y, Xu J, Dou C, Luo F. Reduced osteoclast-derived apoptotic bodies in bone marrow characterizes the pathological progression of osteoporosis. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:135. [PMID: 37185334 PMCID: PMC10130088 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01434-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is associated with excessive activity of osteoclasts. In bone turn over, most osteoclasts undergo apoptosis after bone resorption and produce a large number of apoptotic bodies (ABs). However, the biological function of osteoclast-derived apoptotic bodies (OC-ABs) in the progression of osteoporosis is still unknow. In our study, we identified a reduction of OC-AB quantity in the bone marrow cavity during the progression of osteoporosis, an apoptotic body-deficient MRL/lpr mice were used to study the pro-osteogenic ability of OC-ABs. Mechanistically, OC-ABs promote osteogenesis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by activating the downstream mTOR pathway via RANKL-mediated reverse signaling. Moreover, systemic infusion of exogenous OC-ABs effectively delayed the bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, validated the role of OC-ABs as bone protective factor in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Taken together, our study elucidates the biological function of OC-ABs in the pathological progression of osteoporotic bone loss and suggests a potential therapeutic strategy to delay bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hongbo Ai
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuhang Xi
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Pengbin Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ying Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ce Dou
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Banaganapalli B, Fallatah I, Alsubhi F, Shetty PJ, Awan Z, Elango R, Shaik NA. Paget's disease: a review of the epidemiology, etiology, genetics, and treatment. Front Genet 2023; 14:1131182. [PMID: 37180975 PMCID: PMC10169728 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1131182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is the second most prevalent metabolic bone disorder worldwide, with a prevalence rate of 1.5%-8.3%. It is characterized by localized areas of accelerated, disorganized, and excessive bone production and turnover. Typically, PDB develops in the later stages of life, particularly in the late 50s, and affects men more frequently than women. PDB is a complex disease influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. PDB has a complex genetic basis involving multiple genes, with SQSTM1 being the gene most frequently associated with its development. Mutations affecting the UBA domain of SQSTM1 have been detected in both familial and sporadic PDB cases, and these mutations are often associated with severe clinical expression. Germline mutations in other genes such as TNFRSF11A, ZNF687 and PFN1, have also been associated with the development of the disease. Genetic association studies have also uncovered several PDB predisposing risk genes contributing to the disease pathology and severity. Epigenetic modifications of genes involved in bone remodelling and regulation, including RANKL, OPG, HDAC2, DNMT1, and SQSTM1, have been implicated in the development and progression of Paget's disease of bone, providing insight into the molecular basis of the disease and potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Although PDB has a tendency to cluster within families, the variable severity of the disease across family members, coupled with decreasing incidence rates, indicates that environmental factors may also play a role in the pathophysiology of PDB. The precise nature of these environmental triggers and how they interact with genetic determinants remain poorly understood. Fortunately, majority of PDB patients can achieve long-term remission with an intravenous infusion of aminobisphosphonates, such as zoledronic acid. In this review, we discuss aspects like clinical characteristics, genetic foundation, and latest updates in PDB research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babajan Banaganapalli
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Fallatah
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fai Alsubhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Preetha Jayasheela Shetty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zuhier Awan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramu Elango
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Ahmad Shaik
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Newly Diagnosed Monostotic Paget's Disease of Bone during Living Kidney Donor Candidate Evaluation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020401. [PMID: 36830939 PMCID: PMC9953426 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The popularity of living-donor organ donation has increased recently as an alternative to deceased-organ donation due to the growing need for organs and a shortage of deceased-donor organs. This procedure requires an in-depth health assessment of candidates, who must be in excellent physical and mental health. We present a potential living-kidney donor withdrawn from donation due to a newly diagnosed Paget's disease of bone (PDB). The patient underwent computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bone scintigraphy, and bone densitometry with trabecular bone score (TBS) assessment. The sole lumbar vertebra affected by PDB was investigated comprehensively, non-invasively, quantitatively, and qualitatively.
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13
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Cannalire G, Pilloni S, Esposito S, Biasucci G, Di Franco A, Street ME. Alkaline phosphatase in clinical practice in childhood: Focus on rickets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1111445. [PMID: 36817604 PMCID: PMC9931734 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1111445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and its isoenzymes reflect bone metabolism: ALP increases the ratio of inorganic phosphate to pyrophosphate systemically and facilitates mineralization as well as reduces extracellular pyrophosphate concentration, an inhibitor of mineral formation. On the contrary, low ALP activity is associated with reduction of bone turnover. ALP includes four isoenzymes depending on the site of tissue expression: intestinal ALP, placental ALP, germ cell ALP and tissue nonspecific ALP or liver/bone/kidney ALP. The bone isoenzyme (B-ALP) is involved in bone calcification and is a marker of bone turnover as a result of osteoblastic activity. ALP and its isoenzymes are crucial in the diagnostic process of all the forms of rickets.The most common cause of rickets is vitamin D nutritional deficiency. The aim of this review is to update on the role played by ALP serum concentrations as a relevant marker in thediagnosis and treatment of rickets. Indeed, the diagnosis of rickets is based on its clinical, radiological and laboratory characteristics. An elevated ALP level is one of the markers for the diagnosis of rickets in children, though it is also associated with bone formation process. ALP is also useful for the differentiation between rickets and other disorders that can mimic rickets because of their clinical and laboratory characteristics, and, together with other biochemical markers, is crucial for the differential diagnosis of the different forms of rickets. Age, severity and duration of rickets may also modulate ALP elevation. Finally, ALP measurements are useful in clinical and therapeutic follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cannalire
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, University of Parma, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Simone Pilloni
- Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giacomo Biasucci
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, University of Parma, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giacomo Biasucci,
| | - Anna Di Franco
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Maria Elisabeth Street
- Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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14
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Zebaze R, Ebeling PR. Disorganization and Musculoskeletal Diseases: Novel Insights into the Enigma of Unexplained Bone Abnormalities and Fragility Fractures. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 21:154-166. [PMID: 36494594 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Describe the potential contribution of disorganized tissue to the pathogenesis of bone abnormalities and fractures. Especially, fractures that are unexplained by bone loss (osteoporosis) or structural deterioration. RECENT FINDINGS Currently, bone fragility is primarily viewed as due to loss, or decay (osteoporosis). However, it is also acknowledged that this view is limited because it does not explain many fractures or abnormalities such as necrosis, sclerosis, or infarcts. Atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) during antiresorptive therapy are an example. Hence, it is proposed that another distinct mechanism is responsible for bone diseases. A remarkable bone property distinct from mass and decay is the organization (arrangement) of its components. Components must be perfectly assembled or well-stacked to ensure "the right amount of bone, at the right place". Disorganization is an aberration that is conspicuous in many diseases, more so in conditions poorly associated with bone mass and decay such as osteogenesis imperfecta, hypophosphatasia, and AFFs. However, despite the likely critical role of disorganization, this feature has received limited clinical attention. This review focuses on the potential contribution of disorganization to bone in health and diseases. Particularly, we propose that disorganization, by causing ineffective transfer of loads, may produce not only bone abnormalities (pain, necrosis, infarct, sclerosis, delayed healing) but also fractures, especially AFFs or stress fractures. A disorganized element is one that is where it shouldn't be (improperly stacked elements). Hence, disorganization can be measured by quantifying the extent to which a tissue (pixel within an image) is at an incorrect location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Zebaze
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Level 5, Block E, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
| | - Peter Robert Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Level 5, Block E, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Godbout K, Tremblay JP. Delivery of RNAs to Specific Organs by Lipid Nanoparticles for Gene Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102129. [PMID: 36297564 PMCID: PMC9611171 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy holds great promise in the treatment of genetic diseases. It is now possible to make DNA modifications using the CRISPR system. However, a major problem remains: the delivery of these CRISPR-derived technologies to specific organs. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a very promising delivery method. However, when delivering LNPs intravenously, most of the cargo is trapped by the liver. Alternatively, injecting them directly into organs, such as the brain, requires more invasive procedures. Therefore, developing more specific LNPs is crucial for their future clinical use. Modifying the composition of the lipids in the LNPs allows more specific deliveries of the LNPs to some organs. In this review, we have identified the most effective compositions and proportions of lipids for LNPs to target specific organs, such as the brain, lungs, muscles, heart, liver, spleen, and bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Godbout
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jacques P. Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence:
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16
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Serum Sclerostin and Its Association with Bone Turnover Marker in Metabolic Bone Diseases. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:7902046. [PMID: 36124027 PMCID: PMC9482545 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7902046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sclerostin is a secreted inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling that is mainly produced by osteocytes and is an important regulator of bone remodeling. Some studies have evaluated serum sclerostin levels in metabolic bone diseases, but the results have been contradictory. The profile of serum sclerostin levels in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), and Paget's disease of bone (PDB) was obtained to determine their association with bone turnover marker. Serum sclerostin levels, biochemical parameters, and the bone turnover marker, β-CrossLaps of type 1 collagen containing cross-linked C-telopeptide (β-CTX), were measured in 278 individuals, comprising 71 patients with OI, 51 patients with XLH, 17 patients with PDB, and 139 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. A correlation analysis was performed between sclerostin and β-CTX concentration. The univariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze factors associated with OI, XLH, and PDB. Patients with PDB (11 male 6 female), aged 44.47 ± 14.75 years; XLH (17 male, 34 female), aged 19.29 ± 15.65 years; and OI (43 male, 28 female), aged 19.57 ± 16.45 years, had higher sclerostin level than age- and sex-matched healthy controls [median(interquartile range): 291.60 (153.42, 357.35) vs. 38.00 (27.06, 68.52) pmol/L, 163.40 (125.10, 238.20) vs. 31.13 (20.37, 45.84) pmol/L, and 130.50 (96.12, 160.80) vs. 119.00 (98.89, 194.80) pmol/L, respectively; P < 0.001]. Patients with PDB had the highest level of serum sclerostin, followed by those with XLH and OI (P < 0.05). Sclerostin was positively correlated with β-CTX in OI and XLH (r = 0.541 and r = 0.661, respectively; P < 0.001). Higher β-CTX and sclerostin levels were associated with a higher risk of OI, XLH, and PBD. Sclerostin may be a biomarker of OI, XLH, and PDB. Whether sclerostin inhibitors can be used in these patients requires further analysis using additional cohorts.
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17
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Zhu T, Han J, Yang L, Cai Z, Sun W, Hua Y, Xu J. Immune Microenvironment in Osteosarcoma: Components, Therapeutic Strategies and Clinical Applications. Front Immunol 2022; 13:907550. [PMID: 35720360 PMCID: PMC9198725 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.907550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor that tends to threaten children and adolescents, and the 5-year event-free survival rate has not improved significantly in the past three decades, bringing grief and economic burden to patients and society. To date, the genetic background and oncogenesis mechanisms of osteosarcoma remain unclear, impeding further research. The tumor immune microenvironment has become a recent research hot spot, providing novel but valuable insight into tumor heterogeneity and multifaceted mechanisms of tumor progression and metastasis. However, the immune microenvironment in osteosarcoma has been vigorously discussed, and the landscape of immune and non-immune component infiltration has been intensively investigated. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the classification, features, and functions of the main infiltrating cells, complement system, and exosomes in the osteosarcoma immune microenvironment. In each section, we also highlight the complex crosstalk network among them and the corresponding potential therapeutic strategies and clinical applications to deepen our understanding of osteosarcoma and provide a reference for imminent effective therapies with reduced adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengdong Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
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18
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Eatz TA, Chertman L, Levis S, Lagari V. Denosumab-associated hypocalcemia in a patient with chronic kidney disease and Paget's disease. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ENDOCRINOLOGY CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecr.2022.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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19
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Familial mediterranean fever and paget’s disease: incidental or associated? JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.1053935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Poznański P, Lepiesza A, Jędrzejuk D, Mazanowska O, Bolanowski M, Krajewska M, Kamińska D. Is a Patient with Paget's Disease of Bone Suitable for Living Kidney Donation?-Decision-Making in Lack of Clinical Evidence. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061485. [PMID: 35329811 PMCID: PMC8951425 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Living donor kidney transplantation is a widely performed medical procedure. Living kidney donation requires an in-depth health assessment of candidates. The potential living kidney donor must remain healthy after kidney removal. A consequence of donation can be a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and donors can become at risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). We present a rationale for potential living kidney donor withdrawal due to Paget's disease of bone (PDB) based on a literature review. The treatment for PDB includes the use of, for example, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) as well as CKD, or bisphosphonates, which are not recommended for patients with decreased GFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Poznański
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.P.); (O.M.); (M.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Lepiesza
- Department of Vascular, General and Transplantation Surgery, Jan Mikulicz-Radecki University Clinical Hospital, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Diana Jędrzejuk
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeze L. Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Oktawia Mazanowska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.P.); (O.M.); (M.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Marek Bolanowski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeze L. Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Krajewska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.P.); (O.M.); (M.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Dorota Kamińska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.P.); (O.M.); (M.K.); (D.K.)
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21
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Oprea V, Bojincă V, Bălănescu AR, Tatu A, Bojincă M, Romila A. Paget's disease of bone and megaloblastic anemia in a 72‑year‑old patient: A case report and systematic literature review. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:269. [PMID: 35251335 PMCID: PMC8892619 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is characterized by abnormal osteoclastic bone resorption with disorganized bone neo-formation, primarily affecting elderly (>55 years) patients. Although the majority of patients are asymptomatic, some patients may experience bone pain due to local periosteal involvement or osteoarthritic lesions in the spine; in addition, limb deformities may lead to secondary gait problems or degenerative joint changes. Anemia has an overall prevalence of 12-17% in elderly adults (>65 years old), with macrocytic anemia being the less common type. Megaloblastic anemia is a macrocytic anemia characterized by the presence of large, immature, nucleated cells (megaloblasts) in the blood, with the most common cause being a deficiency of folate and/or vitamin B12. We herein report the rare case of a 72-year-old male patient exhibiting both these conditions, with the aim of discussing the possible association between the two and, most importantly, the clinical management of the patient in a real-life setting over a period of 10 years. The patient was diagnosed based on clinical symptoms (bone pain), radiological imaging and specific laboratory tests, and received discontinuous courses of bisphosphonates and cyanocobalamin supplementation therapy, based mainly on aggravated symptomatology. A systematic literature review was also performed and revealed not only the scarcity of reports on similar cases, but also the mechanisms that may underlie the possible association of PDB with macrocytic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Oprea
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, ‘St. Apostle Andrei’ Clinical Emergency County Hospital, 800578 Galați, Romania
| | - Violeta Bojincă
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, ‘Sf. Maria’ Clinical Hospital, 011172 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andra-Rodica Bălănescu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, ‘Sf. Maria’ Clinical Hospital, 011172 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alin Tatu
- Clinical‑Medical Department, Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunărea de Jos’ University of Galati, ReForm UDJ, 800216 Galați, Romania
| | - Mihai Bojincă
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurelia Romila
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, ‘St. Apostle Andrei’ Clinical Emergency County Hospital, 800578 Galați, Romania
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22
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Hung TNK, Le NQK, Le NH, Tuan LV, Nguyen TP, Thi C, Kang JH. An AI-based prediction model for drug-drug interactions in osteoporosis and Paget's diseases from SMILES. Mol Inform 2022; 41:e2100264. [PMID: 34989149 DOI: 10.1002/minf.202100264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Referring to common skeletal-related diseases, osteoporosis and Paget's are two of the most frequently found diseases in the elderly. Nowadays, the combination of multiple drugs is the optimal therapy to decelerate osteoporosis and Paget's pathologic process, which contains various underlying adverse effects due to drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to evaluate the interaction, pharmacodynamics, and possible side effects between drugs. In this research, we created an AI-based machine-learning model to predict the outcomes of interactions between drugs used for osteoporosis and Paget's treatment, furthermore, to mitigate cost and time in implementing the best combination of medications in clinical practice. Our dataset was collected from the DrugBank database, and we then extracted a variety of chemical features from the simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES) of defined drug pairs that interact with each other. Finally, machine-learning algorithms have been implemented to learn the extracted features. Our stack ensemble model from Random Forest and XGBoost reached an average accuracy of 74% in predicting DDIs. It was superior to individual models and previous methods in most measurement metrics. This study showed the potential of AI models in predicting DDIs of Osteoporosis-Paget's disease in particular, and other diseases in general.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cao Thi
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, VIET NAM
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23
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Trivedi T, Guise TA. Systemic effects of abnormal bone resorption on muscle, metabolism, and cognition. Bone 2022; 154:116245. [PMID: 34718221 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal tissue is dynamic, undergoing constant remodeling to maintain musculoskeletal integrity and balance in the human body. Recent evidence shows that apart from maintaining homeostasis in the local microenvironment, the skeleton systemically affects other tissues. Several cancer-associated and noncancer-associated bone disorders can disrupt the physiological homeostasis locally in the bone microenvironment and indirectly contribute to dysregulation of systemic body function. The systemic effects of bone on the regulation of distant organ function have not been widely explored. Recent evidence suggests that bone can interact with skeletal muscle, pancreas, and brain by releasing factors from mineralized bone matrix. Currently available bone-targeting therapies such as bisphosphonates and denosumab inhibit bone resorption, decrease morbidity associated with bone destruction, and improve survival. Bisphosphonates have been a standard treatment for bone metastases, osteoporosis, and cancer treatment-induced bone diseases. The extraskeletal effects of bisphosphonates on inhibition of tumor growth are known. However, our knowledge of the effects of bisphosphonates on muscle weakness, hyperglycemia, and cognitive defects is currently evolving. To be able to identify the molecular link between bone and distant organs during abnormal bone resorption and then treat these abnormalities and prevent their systemic effects could improve survival benefits. The current review highlights the link between bone resorption and its systemic effects on muscle, pancreas, and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trupti Trivedi
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Theresa A Guise
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America.
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24
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Tao X, Liu L, Yang X, Wei Z, Chen Z, Zhang G, Zhang Z, Yue H. Clinical Characteristics and Pathogenic Gene Identification in Chinese Patients With Paget's Disease of Bone. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:850462. [PMID: 35355568 PMCID: PMC8959906 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.850462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical features of sporadic Paget's disease of bone (PDB) in China and further explore the underlying genetic abnormalities of the disease. METHODS Clinical characteristics, biochemical indices, bone turnover markers and radiographic examinations of the patients were collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and whole-exome sequencing was carried out to identify the potential pathogenic genes. The pathogenicity of the variants was thereafter investigated by bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS A total of 50 patients (57.20 ± 15.52 years, male/female: 1.63: 1) with PDB were included and the mean onset age was 48.34 years (48.34 ± 17.24 years). 94.0% of the patients exhibited symptomatic patterns described as bone pain (86.0%), elevated skin temperature at the lesion site (26.0%), bone deformity (22.0%) and local swelling (18.0%). The most frequently involved lesion sites were pelvis (52.0%), femur (42.0%), tibia (28.0%), skull (28.0%) and spine (18.0%), respectively. Additionally, 40.0% of them accompanied with osteoarthritis, 14.0% with pathological fractures, and the misdiagnosis rate of PDB was as high as 36.0%. Serum level of alkaline phosphatase was significantly increased, with the mean value of 284.00 U/L (quartiles, 177.00-595.00 U/L). Two heterozygous missense mutations of SQSTM1 gene (c.1211T>C, M404T) and one novel heterozygous missense mutation in HNRNPA2B1 gene (c.989C>T, p. P330L) were identified in our study. Moreover, several potential disease-causing genes were detected and markedly enriched in the pathways of neurodegeneration (including WNT16, RYR3 and RYR1 genes) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, including NUP205, CAPN2, and NUP214 genes). CONCLUSION In contrast to Western patients, Chinese patients have an earlier onset age, more severe symptoms, and lower frequency of SQSTM1 gene mutation (4.0%). Moreover, a novel heterozygous missense mutation in HNRNPA2B1 gene was identified in one male patient with isolated bone phenotype. As for other genetic factors, it was indicated that WNT16, RYR3, RYR1, NUP205, CAPN2 and NUP214 genes may be potential pathogenic genes, pathways of neurodegeneration and ALS may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of PDB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Tao
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Liu
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingguang Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Wei
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongzhong Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenlin Zhang, ; Ge Zhang, ; Hua Yue,
| | - Zhenlin Zhang
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenlin Zhang, ; Ge Zhang, ; Hua Yue,
| | - Hua Yue
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenlin Zhang, ; Ge Zhang, ; Hua Yue,
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Wu X, Qu M, Gong W, Zhou C, Lai Y, Xiao G. Kindlin-2 deletion in osteoprogenitors causes severe chondrodysplasia and low-turnover osteopenia in mice. J Orthop Translat 2022; 32:41-48. [PMID: 34934625 PMCID: PMC8639803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our recent studies demonstrate that the focal adhesion protein Kindlin-2 exerts crucial functions in the mesenchymal stem cells, mature osteoblasts and osteocytes in control of early skeletal development and bone homeostasis in mice. However, whether Kindlin-2 plays a role in osteoprogenitors remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice lacking Kindlin-2 expression in osterix (Osx)-expressing cells (i.e., osteoprogenitors) were generated. Micro-computerized tomography (μCT) analyses, histology, bone histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine the effects of Kindlin-2 deletion on skeletal development and bone mass accrual and homeostasis. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from mutant mice (Kindlin-2 fl/fl ; Osx Cre ) and control littermates were isolated and determined for their osteoblastic differentiation capacity. RESULTS Kindlin-2 was highly expressed in osteoprogenitors during endochondral ossification. Deleting Kindlin-2 expression in osteoprogenitors impaired both intramembranous and endochondral ossifications. Mutant mice displayed multiple severe skeletal abnormalities, including unmineralized fontanel, limb shortening and growth retardation. Deletion of Kindlin-2 in osteoprogenitors impaired the growth plate development and largely delayed formation of the secondary ossification center in the long bones. Furthermore, adult mutant mice displayed a severe low-turnover osteopenia with a dramatic decrease in bone formation which exceeded that in bone resorption. Primary BMSCs isolated from mutant mice exhibited decreased osteoblastic differentiation capacity. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates an essential role of Kinlind-2 expression in osteoprogenitors in regulating skeletogenesis and bone mass accrual and homeostasis in mice. THE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE This study reveals that Kindlin-2 through its expression in osteoprogenitor cells controls chondrogenesis and bone mass. We may define a novel therapeutic target for treatment of skeletal diseases, such as chondrodysplasia and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohao Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Minghao Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Weiyuan Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chunlei Zhou
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin Medical, 17 University, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yumei Lai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Wu GJ, Chen KY, Yang JD, Liu SH, Chen RM. Naringin Improves Osteoblast Mineralization and Bone Healing and Strength through Regulating Estrogen Receptor Alpha-Dependent Alkaline Phosphatase Gene Expression. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13020-13033. [PMID: 34723490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are strongly recommended for treating osteoporosis. Our previous study showed that naringin, a citrus flavonoid, can enhance the bone mass in ovariectomized rats. In this study, we further elucidated the mechanisms of naringin-induced osteoblast maturation and bone healing. Treatment of human osteoblasts with naringin increased cell viability and proliferation. In parallel, exposure to naringin enhanced translocation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) to nuclei and its transactivation activity. Sequentially, naringin induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) mRNA and protein expression and its enzyme activity. Pretreatment with methylpiperidinopyrazole (MPP), a specific inhibitor of ERα, attenuated naringin-induced augmentations in ERα transactivation activity, ALP gene expression, and cell mineralization. The beneficial effects of naringin were also confirmed in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, administration of mice with a bone defect with naringin increased levels of ERα and ALP in damaged sites and simultaneously enhanced the healing rate and bone strength. Nevertheless, treatment with MPP weakened naringin-triggered expression of ERα and ALP and improved bone healing and mass. Therefore, naringin could improve osteoblast mineralization and bone healing via regulating ERα-dependent ALP gene expression. Naringin can be clinically applied for treatment of osteoporosis-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong-Jhe Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Yen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Di Yang
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Ming Chen
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Anesthesiology and Health Policy Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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27
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Ren Z, Raut NA, Lawal TO, Patel SR, Lee SM, Mahady GB. Peonidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin increase osteoblast differentiation and reduce RANKL-induced bone resorption in transgenic medaka. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6255-6269. [PMID: 34704297 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and clinical studies suggest a positive impact of anthocyanins on bone health; however, the mechanisms of anthocyanins altering the differentiation and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts are not fully understood. This work demonstrates that dietary anthocyanins and resveratrol increased proliferation of cultured human hFOB 1.19 osteoblasts. In addition, treatment of serum starvation of hFOB osteoblasts with anthocyanins and resveratrol at 1.0 μg/ml reduced apoptosis, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, p53, and HDAC1 expression, but increased SIRT1/3 and PGC1α mRNA expression, suggesting mitochondrial and epigenetic regulation. In Sp7/osterix:mCherry transgenic medaka, peonidin-3-O-glucoside and resveratrol increased osteoblast differentiation and increased the expression of Sp7/osterix. Cyanidin, peonidin-3-O-glucoside, and resveratrol also reduced RANKL-induced ectopic osteoclast formation and bone resorption in col10α1:nlGFP/rankl:HSE:CFP medaka in doses of 1-4 μg/ml. The results indicate that both cyanidin and peonidin-3-O-glucoside have anabolic effects on bone, increasing osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and by altering the osteoblast epigenome. Cyanidin and peonidin-3-O-glucoside also reduced RANKL-induced bone resorption in a transgenic medaka model of bone resorption. Thus, peonidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin appear to both increase bone formation and reduce bone loss, suggesting that they be further investigated as potential treatments for osteoporosis and osteomalacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Ren
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, WHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Nishikant A Raut
- Raman Fellow, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, WHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
| | - Temitope O Lawal
- Schlumberger Fellow, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, WHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Shital R Patel
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, WHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Simon M Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Gail B Mahady
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, WHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Barale M, Sigrist S, Bioletto F, Maiorino F, Ghigo E, Mazzetti R, Procopio M. Long-Term Efficacy of Intensive Zoledronate Therapy and Predictors of Retreatment in Paget's Disease of Bone. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 109:383-392. [PMID: 33876253 PMCID: PMC8429167 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-021-00848-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Despite the current debate on the best therapeutic approach, i.e. symptomatic vs intensive strategy, one zoledronate (Zol) infusion is effective in most patients with Paget's disease of bone (PDB), whereas few need retreatment, whose predictors are not well established. We aimed to evaluate long-term efficacy of intensive Zol therapy and predictors of retreatment in PDB. Pagetic complications, clinical and biochemical response to Zol together with frequency of retreatment were retrospectively assessed in forty-seven PDB patients (age, mean ± SD: 72.5 ± 8.9 years, M/F: 24/23; symptomatic/asymptomatic: 16/31). Statistical analysis for retreatment prediction were based on Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson's Χ2 and ROC curve analysis. During seven-year follow-up, all patients achieved pain relief and only one underwent arthroplasty. Bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) detected three non-responder (6%) and six relapsing (13%) patients needing retreatment. Retreated patients had less old age (66.1 ± 11.2 vs 74.0 ± 7.7 years), higher frequency of polyostotic disease (78% vs 40%) and higher baseline (96.5 ± 24.8 vs 44.9 ± 27.7 mcg/l) and post-Zol nadir BAP levels (24.7 ± 24.1 vs 8.1 ± 4.1 mcg/l) than patients treated once (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). In multivariate analysis both serum baseline and post-Zol nadir BAP significantly predicted retreatment (OR 1.09, 95%CI 1.01-1.17 and 1.29, 1.03-1.62, respectively), with ROC curve analysis showing the greatest accuracies for threshold values of 75.6 and 9.9 mcg/l (sensitivity 88 and 90%, specificity 94 and 86%, AUC 0.92 and 0.93, respectively). Our data in mostly asymptomatic, metabolically active PDB patients treated with intensive Zol therapy show a negligible incidence of pagetic complications and long-term optimal disease control, with BAP being the best predictor of retreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Barale
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of General and Specialty Medicine, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Cso Dogliotti, 14, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Sarah Sigrist
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Osteology and Metabolic Diseases, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, Rorschacher Strasse, 95, 9007, St.Gallen, CH, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Bioletto
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of General and Specialty Medicine, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Cso Dogliotti, 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Maiorino
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of General and Specialty Medicine, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Cso Dogliotti, 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Ezio Ghigo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of General and Specialty Medicine, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Cso Dogliotti, 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Mazzetti
- Radiology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Cso Dogliotti, 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Procopio
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of General and Specialty Medicine, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Cso Dogliotti, 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate an Osseous Tumor Reporting and Data System (OT-RADS) with the hypothesis that the proposed guideline is reliable and assists in separating benign from malignant osseous tumors with a good area under the curve, and that could assist further patient management. METHODS In this multireader cross-sectional validation study, an agreement was reached for OT-RADS categories based on previously described magnetic resonance imaging features and consensus of expert musculoskeletal radiologists. World Health Organization classification was used, and a wide spectrum of benign and malignant osseous tumors was evaluated. Magnetic resonance imaging categories were as follows: OT-RADS 0-incomplete imaging; OT-RADS I-negative; OT-RADS II-definitely benign; OT-RADS III-probably benign; OT-RADS IV-suspicious for malignancy or indeterminate; OT-RADS V-highly suggestive of malignancy; and OT-RADS VI-known biopsy-proven malignancy or recurrent malignancy in the tumor bed. Four blinded readers categorized each tumor according to OT-RADS classification. Intraclass correlation (ICC) and Conger κ were used. Diagnostic performance measures including area under the receiver operating curve were reported. Osseous Tumor Reporting and Data System was dichotomized as benign (I-III) and malignant (IV and V) for calculating sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS Interreader agreement for OT-RADS (ICC = 0.78) and binary distinction of benign versus malignant (κ = 0.67) were good to excellent, while agreement for individual tumor feature characteristics were poor to fair (ICC = 0.25-0.36; κ = 0.16-0.39). The sensitivities, specificities, and area under the receiver operating curve of the readers ranged from 0.93-1.0, 0.71-0.86, and 0.92-0.97, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Osseous Tumor Reporting and Data System lexicon is reliable and helps stratify tumors into benign and malignant categories. It can be practically used by radiologists to guide patient management, improve multidisciplinary communications, and potentially impact outcomes.
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30
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Wei Z, Li S, Tao X, Zhu G, Sun Z, Wei Z, Jiao Q, Zhang H, Chen L, Li B, Zhang Z, Yue H. Mutations in Profilin 1 Cause Early-Onset Paget's Disease of Bone With Giant Cell Tumors. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:1088-1103. [PMID: 33599011 PMCID: PMC8251538 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a late-onset chronic progressive bone disease characterized by abnormal activation of osteoclasts that results in bone pain, deformities, and fractures. PDB is very rare in Asia. A subset of PDB patients have early onset and can develop malignant giant cell tumors (GCTs) of the bone (PDB/GCTs), which arise within Paget bone lesions; the result is a significantly higher mortality rate. SQSTM1, TNFRSF11A, OPG, VCP, and HNRNPA2B1 have been identified as pathogenic genes of PDB, and ZNF687 is the only confirmed gene to date known to cause PDB/GCT. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PDB/GCT has not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigate an extended Chinese pedigree with eight individuals affected by early-onset and polyostotic PDB, two of whom developed GCTs. We identified a heterozygous 4-bp deletion in the Profilin 1 (PFN1) gene (c.318_321delTGAC) by genetic linkage analysis and exome sequencing for the family. Sanger sequencing revealed another heterozygous 1-bp deletion in PFN1 (c.324_324delG) in a sporadic early-onset PDB/GCT patient, further proving its causative role. Interestingly, a heterozygous missense mutation of PFN1 (c.335 T > C) was identified in another PDB/GCT family, revealing that not only deletion but also missense mutations in PFN1 can cause PDB/GCT. Furthermore, we established a Pfn1-mutated mouse model (C57BL/6J mice) and successfully obtained Pagetic phenotypes in heterozygous mice, verifying loss of function of PFN1 as the cause of PDB/GCT development. In conclusion, our findings reveal mutations in PFN1 as the pathological mechanism in PDB/GCT, and we successfully established Pfn1-mutated mice as a suitable animal model for studying PDB-associated pathological mechanisms. The identification of PFN1 mutations has great diagnostic value for identifying PDB individuals predisposed toward developing GCTs. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wei
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Tao
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoying Zhu
- Department of Radiation Health, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenkui Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanying Wei
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Baojie Li
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenlin Zhang
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Yue
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Sambri A, Fiore M, Giannini C, Pipola V, Zucchini R, Aparisi Gomez MP, Musa Aguiar P, Gasbarrini A, De Paolis M. Primary Tumors of the Sacrum: Imaging Findings. Curr Med Imaging 2021; 18:170-186. [PMID: 33982654 DOI: 10.2174/1573405617666210512011923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of sacral neoplasms is often delayed because they tend to remain clinically silent for a long time. Imaging is useful at all stages of managing sacral bone tumors: from the detection of the neoplasm to the long-term follow-up. Radiographs are recommended as the modality of choice to begin the imaging workup of a patient with known or suspected sacral pathology. More sensitive examinations such as computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MRI), or scintigraphy are often necessary. The morphological features of the lesions on CT and MRI help to orientate the diagnosis. Although some imaging characteristics are helpful to limit the differential diagnosis, an imaging-guided biopsy is often ultimately required to establish a specific diagnosis. Imaging is of paramount importance even in the long-term follow-up in order to assess any residual tumor when surgical resection is incomplete, to assess the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and to detect recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sambri
- University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico di Sant’Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Pilar Aparisi Gomez
- Department of Radiology, Auckland City Hospital; 2 Park Road, Grafton, 1023 Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Radiology, Hospital Vithas Nueve de Octubre; Calle Valle de la Ballestera, 59, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Musa Aguiar
- Serdil, Clinica de Radiologia e Diagnóstico por Imagem; R. São Luís, 96 - Santana, Porto Alegre - RS, 90620-170. Brazil
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Qiu Y, Wang J, Li H, Yang B, Wang J, He Q, Weng Q. Emerging views of OPTN (optineurin) function in the autophagic process associated with disease. Autophagy 2021; 18:73-85. [PMID: 33783320 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1908722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a highly conserved process in eukaryotic cells. It plays a critical role in cellular homeostasis by delivering cytoplasmic cargos to lysosomes for selective degradation. OPTN (optineurin), a well-recognized autophagy receptor, has received considerable attention due to its multiple roles in the autophagic process. OPTN is associated with many human disorders that are closely related to autophagy, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and nephropathy. Here, we review the function of OPTN as an autophagy receptor at different stages of autophagy, focusing on cargo recognition, autophagosome formation, autophagosome maturation, and lysosomal quality control. OPTN tends to be protective in most autophagy associated diseases, though the molecular mechanism of OPTN regulation in these diseases is not well understood. A comprehensive review of the function of OPTN in autophagy provides valuable insight into the pathogenesis of human diseases related to OPTN and facilitates the discovery of potential key regulators and novel therapeutic targets for disease intervention in patients with autophagic diseases.Abbreviations: ATG: autophagy-related; APAP: acetaminophen; CALCOCO2/NDP52: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; CC: coiled-coil; HACE1: HECT domain and ankyrin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1; MYO6: myosin VI; IKBKG/NEMO: inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma; IKK: IκB kinase; LIR: LC3-interacting region; LZ: leucine zipper; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; NFKB/NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B subunit; OPTN: optineurin; PIK3C3: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; RTECs: renal tubular epithelial cells; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TBK1: TANK binding kinase 1; TOM1: target of myb1 membrane trafficking protein; UBD: ubiquitin-binding domain; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; WIPI2: WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2; ZF: zinc finger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Qiu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Soldati E, Rossi F, Vicente J, Guenoun D, Pithioux M, Iotti S, Malucelli E, Bendahan D. Survey of MRI Usefulness for the Clinical Assessment of Bone Microstructure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2509. [PMID: 33801539 PMCID: PMC7958958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone microarchitecture has been shown to provide useful information regarding the evaluation of skeleton quality with an added value to areal bone mineral density, which can be used for the diagnosis of several bone diseases. Bone mineral density estimated from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has shown to be a limited tool to identify patients' risk stratification and therapy delivery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proposed as another technique to assess bone quality and fracture risk by evaluating the bone structure and microarchitecture. To date, MRI is the only completely non-invasive and non-ionizing imaging modality that can assess both cortical and trabecular bone in vivo. In this review article, we reported a survey regarding the clinically relevant information MRI could provide for the assessment of the inner trabecular morphology of different bone segments. The last section will be devoted to the upcoming MRI applications (MR spectroscopy and chemical shift encoding MRI, solid state MRI and quantitative susceptibility mapping), which could provide additional biomarkers for the assessment of bone microarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Soldati
- CRMBM, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France;
- IUSTI, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, 13013 Marseille, France;
- ISM, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, 13288 Marseille, France; (D.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.R.); (S.I.); (E.M.)
| | - Jerome Vicente
- IUSTI, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, 13013 Marseille, France;
| | - Daphne Guenoun
- ISM, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, 13288 Marseille, France; (D.G.); (M.P.)
- Department of Radiology, Institute for Locomotion, Saint-Marguerite Hospital, ISM, CNRS, APHM, Aix Marseille University, 13274 Marseille, France
| | - Martine Pithioux
- ISM, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, 13288 Marseille, France; (D.G.); (M.P.)
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Institute for Locomotion, Saint-Marguerite Hospital, ISM, CNRS, APHM, Aix Marseille University, 13274 Marseille, France
| | - Stefano Iotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.R.); (S.I.); (E.M.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Emil Malucelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.R.); (S.I.); (E.M.)
| | - David Bendahan
- CRMBM, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France;
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Spence MW, Fox WA, Gardner J, Beauchesne P. The Skinner Burial of Ontario, Canada, and the Question of Paget's Disease in the Americas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2021; 32:9-16. [PMID: 33197696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine a possible case of Paget's disease of bone (PDB) in an Indigenous pre-contact male from Canada, individual D of the Skinner site in Ontario. METHODS Radiographs, CT scan and histological analysis. RESULTS The histological analysis revealed the mosaic pattern that characterizes PDB. CT scans show advanced sclerosis of the cranium and a diminished diplӧe with osteolytic lesions. CONCLUSIONS The pathological features that have been identified are collectively characteristic of PDB. SIGNIFICANCE The Skinner case advances our understanding of the global history and distribution of PDB. LIMITATIONS OF STUDY Only two New World cases have been identified and neither has been studied in sufficient detail. SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH The older individuals in precolonial New World skeletal series should be given CT scans, which are non-intrusive, to be followed by histological and genetic analyses when indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Spence
- Department of Anthropology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada.
| | - William A Fox
- Department of Anthropology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K9L 0G2, Canada.
| | - Janet Gardner
- Department of Anthropology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada.
| | - Patrick Beauchesne
- Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan 48128, United States.
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Ju H, Paycha F. Osteoblastic and hyperostotic craniofacial lesion detected by 99mTc-labeled methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy and single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography: a pictorial essay. Nucl Med Commun 2021; 42:117-126. [PMID: 33165260 PMCID: PMC7808364 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
99mTc-bisphophonates bone scan, planar and single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) modalities, is a commonly used technique that provides high sensitivity and specificity for detection of osseous metastases. However, besides bone metastases, SPECT/CT provides an accurate evaluation of the localization of the lesions and supplies anatomic information that can be valuable for diagnosis of nonmalignant bone diseases, occasionally disclosed in the skull. Reporting of craniofacial lesions detected by 99mTc-MDP (99mTc-labeled methylene diphosphonate) bone scintigraphy and SPECT/CT in the literature is limited. The aim of this pictorial review is to present the findings detected by 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy and SPECT/CT including cases under two broad categories: osteoblastic and hyperostosis craniofacial lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Ju
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Frédéric Paycha
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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36
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Jensen AR, Sperling JW. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty in a patient with Paget's disease using the modified Ling technique. JSES REVIEWS, REPORTS, AND TECHNIQUES 2021; 1:55-59. [PMID: 37588640 PMCID: PMC10426507 DOI: 10.1016/j.xrrt.2020.100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Jensen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John W. Sperling
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Slouma M, Rahmouni S, Dhahri R, Abbes M, Gharsallah I, Metoui L, Louzir B. Hypercalcemia in a patient with a bowing femur. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:516-521. [PMID: 33489206 PMCID: PMC7813087 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercalcemia in PDB is rare; its occurrence requires thorough investigations as it may reveal several diseases, such as primary hyperparathyroidism, malignant transformation, metastases, or myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroua Slouma
- Department of Internal MedicineMilitary HospitalTunisTunisia
- Tunis El Manar UniversityTunisTunisia
| | - Safa Rahmouni
- Department of Internal MedicineMilitary HospitalTunisTunisia
- Tunis El Manar UniversityTunisTunisia
| | - Rim Dhahri
- Department of Internal MedicineMilitary HospitalTunisTunisia
- Tunis El Manar UniversityTunisTunisia
| | - Maissa Abbes
- Department of Internal MedicineMilitary HospitalTunisTunisia
- Tunis El Manar UniversityTunisTunisia
| | - Imen Gharsallah
- Department of Internal MedicineMilitary HospitalTunisTunisia
- Tunis El Manar UniversityTunisTunisia
| | - Leila Metoui
- Department of Internal MedicineMilitary HospitalTunisTunisia
- Tunis El Manar UniversityTunisTunisia
| | - Bassem Louzir
- Department of Internal MedicineMilitary HospitalTunisTunisia
- Tunis El Manar UniversityTunisTunisia
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38
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Govers S, van der Zant FM, Wondergem M, Broos WAM, Knol RJJ. "Skull on Fire": Monostotic Paget Disease of the Skull Bone. Clin Nucl Med 2021; 46:55-57. [PMID: 33156053 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An 81-year-old woman was evaluated for a stroke. CT showed no intracranial abnormalities but diffuse patchy aspect of the neurocranium. An MRI and F-NA PET/CT were performed to differentiate between metastases, Paget disease, hyperostosis frontalis interna, and primary malignancy. MRI yielded no additional findings. F-NA PET/CT showed diffusely increased uptake in the skull and 4 spots with intense uptake. No other suspicious skeletal foci were seen elsewhere. Low-dose CT showed no sign of malignancy elsewhere. Image findings together with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels, slightly increased calcium levels, and normal phosphorus levels were interpreted as pathognomic for monostotic Paget.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Friso M van der Zant
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar
| | - Maurits Wondergem
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar
| | - Wouter A M Broos
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar
| | - Remco J J Knol
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar
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39
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Korb MK, Kimonis VE, Mozaffar T. Multisystem proteinopathy: Where myopathy and motor neuron disease converge. Muscle Nerve 2020; 63:442-454. [PMID: 33145792 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multisystem proteinopathy (MSP) is a pleiotropic group of inherited disorders that cause neurodegeneration, myopathy, and bone disease, and share common pathophysiology. Originally referred to as inclusion body myopathy associated with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD), attributed to mutations in the gene encoding valosin-containing protein (VCP), it has more recently been discovered that there are several other genes responsible for similar clinical and pathological phenotypes with muscle, brain, nerve, and bone involvement, in various combinations. These include heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 and A1 (hnRNPA2B1, hnRNPA1), sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), matrin 3 (MATR3), T-cell restricted intracellular antigen 1 (TIA1), and optineurin (OPTN), all of which share disruption of RNA stress granule function and autophagic degradation. This review will discuss each of the genes implicated in MSP, exploring the molecular pathogenesis, clinical features, current standards of care, and future directions for this diverse yet mechanistically linked spectrum of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha K Korb
- Departments of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Virginia E Kimonis
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Tahseen Mozaffar
- Departments of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, USA.,Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, USA.,Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, USA
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Ait Oumghar I, Barkaoui A, Chabrand P. Toward a Mathematical Modeling of Diseases' Impact on Bone Remodeling: Technical Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:584198. [PMID: 33224935 PMCID: PMC7667152 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.584198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of bone diseases have hitherto been discovered, such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease, osteopetrosis, and metastatic bone disease, which are not well defined in terms of changes in biochemical and mechanobiological regulatory factors. Some of these diseases are secondary to other pathologies, including cancer, or to some clinical treatments. To better understand bone behavior and prevent its deterioration, bone biomechanics have been the subject of mathematical modeling that exponentially increased over the last years. These models are becoming increasingly complex. The current paper provides a timely and critical analysis of previously developed bone remodeling mathematical models, particularly those addressing bone diseases. Besides, mechanistic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models, which englobe bone disease and its treatment's effect on bone health. Therefore, the review starts by presenting bone remodeling cycle and mathematical models describing this process, followed by introducing some bone diseases and discussing models of pathological mechanisms affecting bone, and concludes with exhibiting the available bone treatment procedures considered in the PK/PD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Ait Oumghar
- Laboratoire des Energies Renouvelables et Matériaux Avancés (LERMA), Université Internationale de Rabat, Rabat-Sala El Jadida, Morocco
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France
| | - Abdelwahed Barkaoui
- Laboratoire des Energies Renouvelables et Matériaux Avancés (LERMA), Université Internationale de Rabat, Rabat-Sala El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Patrick Chabrand
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France
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Fusion Potential of Human Osteoclasts In Vitro Reflects Age, Menopause, and In Vivo Bone Resorption Levels of Their Donors-A Possible Involvement of DC-STAMP. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176368. [PMID: 32887359 PMCID: PMC7504560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that multinucleation is central for osteoclastic bone resorption. However, our knowledge on the mechanisms regulating how many nuclei an osteoclast will have is limited. The objective of this study was to investigate donor-related variations in the fusion potential of in vitro-generated osteoclasts. Therefore, CD14+ monocytes were isolated from 49 healthy female donors. Donor demographics were compared to the in vivo bone biomarker levels and their monocytes’ ability to differentiate into osteoclasts, showing that: (1) C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) levels increase with age, (2) the number of nuclei per osteoclast in vitro increases with age, and (3) there is a positive correlation between the number of nuclei per osteoclast in vitro and CTX levels in vivo. Furthermore, the expression levels of the gene encoding dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DCSTAMP) of osteoclasts in vitro correlated positively with the number of nuclei per osteoclast, CTX levels in vivo, and donor age. Our results furthermore suggest that these changes in gene expression may be mediated through age-related changes in DNA methylation levels. We conclude that both intrinsic factors and age-induced increase in fusion potential of osteoclasts could be contributing factors for the enhanced bone resorption in vivo, possibly caused by increased expression levels of DCSTAMP.
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Isoalantolactone inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast formation via multiple signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106550. [PMID: 32388216 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The metabolicosteopathy known as postmenopausal osteoporosisiscaused by disruption of the balance between bone resorption and osteogenesis, processes that are mediated by osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively. The current therapeutic approaches to treating osteoporosis have several limitations. In this study, we demonstrated that the natural chemical compound isoalantolactone (IAL) could inhibit osteoclastogenesis, without affecting osteogenesis. This is the first study reporting a role of IAL in suppressing the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation in a dose-dependent manner, and downregulating the expression of osteoclast-related marker genes. Furthermore, IAL abrogated the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38, NF-κB, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT, and also diminished the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related proteins. In conclusion, our results indicated that IAL has promise for the treatment of osteoporosis and other metabolicbone diseases.
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