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Rajacharya GH, Sharma A, Yazdani SS. Proteomics and metabolic burden analysis to understand the impact of recombinant protein production in E. coli. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12271. [PMID: 38806637 PMCID: PMC11133349 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63148-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of recombinant protein production (RPP) on host cells and the metabolic burden associated with it undermine the efficiency of the production system. This study utilized proteomics to investigate the dynamics of parent and recombinant cells induced at different time points for RPP. The results revealed significant changes in both transcriptional and translational machinery that may have impacted the metabolic burden, growth rate of the culture and the RPP. The timing of protein synthesis induction also played a critical role in the fate of the recombinant protein within the host cell, affecting protein and product yield. The study identified significant differences in the expression of proteins involved in fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis pathways between two E. coli host strains (M15 and DH5⍺), with the E. coli M15 strain demonstrating superior expression characteristics for the recombinant protein. Overall, these findings contribute to the knowledge base for rational strain engineering for optimized recombinant protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish H Rajacharya
- Microbial Engineering Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- DBT-ICGEB Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- School of Interdisciplinary Research (SIRe), Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashima Sharma
- DBT-ICGEB Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Department of Life Sciences, J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Syed Shams Yazdani
- Microbial Engineering Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
- DBT-ICGEB Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
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2
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Bivar Matias SC, de Azevedo B, da Costa Filho JDB, Lima MM, Moura AD, Arantes Martins DR, de Sousa Júnior FC, Santos ESD. Enhancing the expression of multi-antigen chimeric TGAGS/BST protein from Toxoplasma gondii in Escherichia coli BL 21 Star during batch cultivation. Protein Expr Purif 2023; 201:106173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zheng H, Shu W, Fu X, Wang J, Yang Y, Xu J, Song H, Ma Y. A pyruvate-centered metabolic regulation mechanism for the enhanced expression of exogenous genes in Escherichia coli. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:58-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Correa-Aragunde N, Nejamkin A, Del Castello F, Foresi N, Lamattina L. Nitric oxide synthases from photosynthetic organisms improve growth and confer nitrosative stress tolerance in E. coli. Insights on the pterin cofactor. Nitric Oxide 2022; 119:41-49. [PMID: 34942379 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO formation from the substrate l-arginine (Arg). Previously, NOS with distinct biochemical properties were characterized from two photosynthetic microorganisms, the unicellular algae Ostreococcus tauri (OtNOS) and the cyanobacteria Synechococcus PCC 7335 (SyNOS). In this work we studied the effect of recombinant OtNOS and SyNOS expressed under IPTG-induced promoter in E. coli, a bacterium that lacks NOS. Results show that OtNOS and SyNOS expression promote E. coli growth in a nutrient replete medium and allow to better metabolize Arg as N source. In LB medium, OtNOS induces the expression of the NO dioxygenase hmp in E. coli, in accordance with high NO levels visualized with the probe DAF-FM DA. In contrast, SyNOS expression does not induce hmp and show a slight increase of NO production compared to OtNOS. NOS expression reduces ROS production and increases viability of E. coli cultures growing in LB. A strong nitrosative stress provoked by the addition of 1 mM of the NO donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) inhibits bacterial growth rate. Under these conditions, the expression of OtNOS or SyNOS counteracts NO donor toxicity restoring bacterial growth. Finally, using bioinformatic tools and ligand docking analyses, we postulate that tetrahydromonapterin (MH4), an endogenous pterin found in E. coli, could act as cofactor required for NOS catalytic activity. Our findings could be useful for the development of biotechnological applications using NOS expression to improve growth in NOS-lacking bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Correa-Aragunde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CC1245, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Andrés Nejamkin
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CC1245, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Fiorella Del Castello
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CC1245, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Noelia Foresi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CC1245, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Lorenzo Lamattina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CC1245, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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ClearColi as a platform for untagged pneumococcal surface protein A production: cultivation strategy, bioreactor culture, and purification. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:1011-1029. [PMID: 35024919 PMCID: PMC8755982 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11758-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Several studies have searched for new antigens to produce pneumococcal vaccines that are more effective and could provide broader coverage, given the great number of serotypes causing pneumococcal diseases. One of the promising subunit vaccine candidates is untagged recombinant pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA4Pro), obtainable in high quantities using recombinant Escherichia coli as a microbial factory. However, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) present in E. coli cell extracts must be removed, in order to obtain the target protein at the required purity, which makes the downstream process more complex and expensive. Endotoxin-free E. coli strains, which synthesize a nontoxic mutant LPS, may offer a cost-effective alternative way to produce recombinant proteins for application as therapeutics. This paper presents an investigation of PspA4Pro production employing the endotoxin-free recombinant strain ClearColi® BL21(DE3) with different media (defined, auto-induction, and other complex media), temperatures (27, 32, and 37 °C), and inducers. In comparison to conventional E. coli cells in a defined medium, ClearColi presented similar PspA4Pro yields, with lower productivities. Complex medium formulations supplemented with salts favored PspA4Pro yields, titers, and ClearColi growth rates. Induction with isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside (0.5 mM) and lactose (2.5 g/L) together in a defined medium at 32 °C, which appeared to be a promising cultivation strategy, was reproduced in 5 L bioreactor culture, leading to a yield of 146.0 mg PspA4Pro/g dry cell weight. After purification, the cell extract generated from ClearColi led to 98% purity PspA4Pro, which maintained secondary structure and biological function. ClearColi is a potential host for industrial recombinant protein production. Key points • ClearColi can produce as much PspA4Pro as conventional E. coli BL21(DE3) cells. • 10.5 g PspA4Pro produced in ClearColi bioreactor culture using a defined medium. • Functional PspA4Pro (98% of purity) was obtained in ClearColi bioreactor culture.Graphical abstract ![]() Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-022-11758-9.
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Von den Eichen N, Bromig L, Sidarava V, Marienberg H, Weuster-Botz D. Automated multi-scale cascade of parallel stirred-tank bioreactors for fast protein expression studies. J Biotechnol 2021; 332:103-113. [PMID: 33845064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Automation, parallelization and autonomous operation of standard lab equipment, usually applied for manual bioprocess development, is considered as the key for reduction of bioprocess development time and costs. An automated bioreactor system with 4 stirred-tank bioreactors on a L-scale was combined with a custom-made biomass transfer system to distribute the cell suspensions produced on the L-scale into 48 parallel stirred-tank bioreactors on a mL-scale. Afterwards parallel protein expression studies automated by a liquid handling system with integrated fluorescence reader were performed. Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside-induced (IPTG) expression of the red fluorescence protein mCherry was studied as an example of using fed-batch processes with recombinant Escherichia coli. In a first automated study, IPTG concentrations were varied in 48 parallel fed-batch processes with E. coli cells produced at a growth rate of 0.1 h-1 on an L-scale and transferred automatically to the mL-scale. The mCherry expression rate increased with increasing inducer concentration until the highest protein expression rate was observed at > 9 μM IPTG. In a second automated study, the growth rate of E. coli was varied between 0.1-0.2 h-1 in parallelly-operated stirred-tank bioreactors on a L-scale. The cells were automatically transferred and distributed into the stirred-tank bioreactors on a mL-scale and the concentration of the inducer IPTG was varied as before in parallel fed-batch processes. An increased growth rate during the production of the recombinant E. coli cells and/or higher cell densities during protein expression resulted in the increased IPTG concentrations necessary to achieve identical expression rates compared to a growth rate of 0.1 h-1 with the exception of very low inducer concentrations and inducer concentrations in excess. The new automated multi-scale cascade of parallel stirred-tank bioreactors should easily be applicable for performing fast optimisation studies with other microbial production systems and will have the potential to reduce bioprocess development time and staff assignment considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Von den Eichen
- Technical University of Munich, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Lukas Bromig
- Technical University of Munich, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Valeryia Sidarava
- Technical University of Munich, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Hannah Marienberg
- Technical University of Munich, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Dirk Weuster-Botz
- Technical University of Munich, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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Cardoso VM, Campani G, Santos MP, Silva GG, Pires MC, Gonçalves VM, de C. Giordano R, Sargo CR, Horta AC, Zangirolami TC. Cost analysis based on bioreactor cultivation conditions: Production of a soluble recombinant protein using Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 26:e00441. [PMID: 32140446 PMCID: PMC7049567 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The impact of cultivation strategy on the cost of recombinant protein production is crucial for defining cost-effective bioreactor operation conditions. This paper presents a methodology to estimate and compare cost impacts related to utilities as well as medium composition, using simple design equations and accessible data. Data from batch bioreactor cultures were used as case study involving the production of pneumococcal surface protein A, a soluble recombinant protein, employing E. coli BL21(DE3). Cultivation strategies and corresponding process costs covered a wide range of operational conditions, including different media, inducers, and temperatures. The core expenses were related to the medium and cooling. When the price of peptone was above the threshold value of US$ 30/kg, defined medium became the best choice. IPTG and temperatures around 32 °C led to shorter cultures and lower PspA4Pro production costs. The procedure offers a simple, accessible theoretical tool to identify cost-effective production strategies using bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdemir M. Cardoso
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering (PPGEQ), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilson Campani
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering (PPGEQ), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Engineering, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Maurício P. Santos
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering (PPGEQ), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel G. Silva
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering (PPGEQ), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Manuella C. Pires
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brasil 1500, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane M. Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brasil 1500, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto de C. Giordano
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering (PPGEQ), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cíntia R. Sargo
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering (PPGEQ), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio C.L. Horta
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering (PPGEQ), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Teresa C. Zangirolami
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering (PPGEQ), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Román R, Lončar N, Casablancas A, Fraaije MW, Gonzalez G. High-level production of industrially relevant oxidases by a two-stage fed-batch approach: overcoming catabolite repression in arabinose-inducible Escherichia coli systems. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:5337-5345. [PMID: 32322946 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10622-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
With the growing interest in enzyme applications, there is an urgent demand for economic, affordable, and flexible enzyme production processes. In the present paper, we developed a high cell density fed-batch process for the production of two cofactor-containing oxidase, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase (HMFO) and eugenol oxidase (EUGO). The approach involved the arabinose-inducible system to drive the expression while using mineral media. In order to overcome a major drawback of arabinose-inducible promoters, carbon catabolite repression, (CCR) by glucose, we developed a high cell density culture (HCDC), two-stage fed-batch protocol allowing us to reach cell densities exceeding 70 g/L of dry cell weight (DCW) using glucose as carbon source. Then, induction was achieved by adding arabinose, while changing the carbon source to glycerol. This strategy allowed us to obtain an eightfold increase in recombinant HMFO titer when compared with a reference batch fermentation in Erlenmeyer flasks using terrific broth (TB), typically used with arabinose-inducible strains. The optimized protocol was also tested for expression of a structurally unrelated oxidase, EUGO, where a similar yield was achieved. Clearly, this two-step protocol in which a relatively cheap medium (when compared to TB) can be used reduces costs and provides a way to obtain protein production levels similar to those of IPTG-based systems. KEY POINTS: • Arabinose promoters are not well suited for HCDC production due to CCR effect. • This drawback has been overcome by using a two-stage Fed-batch protocol. • Protein yield has been increased by an eightfold factor, improving process economics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Román
- Fermentation Pilot Plant, Department of Chemical, Biological and Enviromental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | | | - Antoni Casablancas
- Fermentation Pilot Plant, Department of Chemical, Biological and Enviromental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Marco W Fraaije
- Molecular Enzymology group, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Glòria Gonzalez
- Fermentation Pilot Plant, Department of Chemical, Biological and Enviromental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Li Z, Rinas U. Recombinant protein production associated growth inhibition results mainly from transcription and not from translation. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:83. [PMID: 32252765 PMCID: PMC7137236 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant protein production can be stressful to the host organism. The extent of stress is determined by the specific properties of the recombinant transcript and protein, by the rates of transcription and translation, and by the environmental conditions encountered during the production process. RESULTS The impact of the transcription of the T7-promoter controlled genes encoding human basic fibroblast growth factor (hFGF-2) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) as well as the translation into the recombinant protein on the growth properties of the production host E. coli BL21(DE3) were investigated. This was done by using expression vectors where the promoter region or the ribosome binding site(s) or both were removed. It is shown that already transcription without protein translation imposes a metabolic burden on the host cell. Translation of the transcript into large amounts of a properly folded protein does not show any effect on cell growth in the best case, e.g. high-level production of GFP in Luria-Bertani medium. However, translation appears to contribute to the metabolic burden if it is connected to protein folding associated problems, e.g. inclusion body formation. CONCLUSION The so-called metabolic burden of recombinant protein production is mainly attributed to transcription but can be enhanced through translation and those processes following translation (e.g. protein folding and degradation, heat-shock responses).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopeng Li
- Leibniz University of Hannover, Technical Chemistry-Life Science, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ursula Rinas
- Leibniz University of Hannover, Technical Chemistry-Life Science, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Brunswick, Germany
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Use of plasmids for expression of proteins from the genus Leishmania in Escherichia coli: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4273-4280. [PMID: 32215706 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniosis is caused by the protozoa of the genus Leishmania with a wide spectrum of clinical and epidemiological manifestations which are characterized into four clinical groups: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, diffuse cutaneous, and visceral. American visceral leishmaniosis (AVL) or visceral leishmaniosis (VL) has been known as the most severe form of the disease. However, despite the growing number of people exposed to the infection risk and the great effort done by the scientific community worldwide to significantly increase the knowledge about these diseases, there is no vaccine capable of preventing VL in humans. In this short review, we present some of the plasmids used for the expression of recombinant protein by Escherichia coli strains used mainly for the second generation of vaccines for leishmaniosis. It can be emphasized that currently, these vectors and hosts play an important role in developing vaccine strategies against the disease. Indeed, use of the E. coli BL21 (DE) strain is remarkable mainly due to its characteristics for being a stable protein producer as well as the use of histidine tags for antigen purification. KEY POINTS: • Plasmid vectors and E. coli will continue being important for studies about leishmaniosis. • Protein purification exploiting histidine tags is a key technique.
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Ribeiro VT, Asevedo EA, de Paiva Vasconcelos LTC, Filho MAO, de Araújo JS, de Macedo GR, de Sousa Júnior FC, Dos Santos ES. Evaluation of induction conditions for plasmid pQE-30 stability and 503 antigen of Leishmania i. chagasi expression in E. coli M15. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6495-6504. [PMID: 31218376 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09948-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of induction conditions (IPTG concentration, temperature, and induction time) on the plasmid pQE-30 stability and 503 antigen expression of Leishmania i. chagasi in Escherichia coli M15. Batch cultures were performed at 37 °C and induced by the addition of different IPTG concentrations (0.01 to 1.5 mM). Subsequently, experiments were carried out at different temperatures (27 to 42 °C), evaluating the influence of induction time (0.5 to 6 h after the start of the culture). The results showed that IPTG toxicity caused a metabolic stress in the cells and, consequently, the microorganism growth reduced. The induction with IPTG may also be associated with the plasmid pQE-30 instability, due to metabolic burden imposed by the recombinant protein expression. The optimal conditions for 503 antigen expression of Leishmania i. chagasi in Escherichia coli M15 were an IPTG concentration of 1.0 mM, temperature of 37 °C, and induction time of 2 h. The maximum antigen concentration obtained was 0.119 ± 0.009 g/L, about seven times higher than the lowest concentration. Therefore, the results showed that 503 antigen can be produced in laboratory; however, it requires more studies to minimize the plasmid instability and improve to industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Troccoli Ribeiro
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, 3000, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Estéfani Alves Asevedo
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, 3000, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Luan Tales Costa de Paiva Vasconcelos
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, 3000, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Oliveira Filho
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, 3000, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Jaciara Silva de Araújo
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, 3000, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Gorete Ribeiro de Macedo
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, 3000, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Francisco Canindé de Sousa Júnior
- Pharmacy Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Everaldo Silvino Dos Santos
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, 3000, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil.
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Lu J, Zhao Y, Zhang J. High-level expression of Aerococcus viridans pyruvate oxidase in Escherichia coli by optimization of vectors and induction conditions. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 67:262-269. [PMID: 29856486 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pyruvate oxidase is an important enzyme used as a reagent in kits and biochemical analyses; however, the yield of pyruvate oxidase from wild microbial strains is low. In this study, high-level expression of Aerococcus viridans pyruvate oxidase was achieved in recombinant Escherichia coli by optimizing the expression system and induction conditions. Three recombinant pET vectors were constructed for pyruvate oxidase expression in E. coli. The isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactoside (IPTG) concentration and induction temperature were optimized, with the result that the highest pyruvate oxidase yield (4106·9 U l-1 ) of the recombinant E. colipET28a-pod was obtained under conditions of 25°C, 0·5 mmol l-1 IPTG, 0·5 OD600 , after 24 h of induction, which was 34·2 times the yield achieved with the wild-type strain. The soluble pyruvate oxidase contributed 99·6% of the total pyruvate oxidase expressed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study demonstrates that a highly soluble pyruvate oxidase can be obtained in recombinant Escherichia coli by optimizing vectors and induction conditions. The pyruvate oxidase yield achieved is the highest reported so far, which provides a convenient and cost-saving way to produce pyruvate oxidase. This research promotes pyruvate oxidase application in the pharmaceutical and biochemical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lu
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Sushma C, Anand AP, Veeranki VD. Enhanced production of glutaminase free L-asparaginase II by Bacillus subtilis WB800N through media optimization. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-017-0211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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De Paula VS, Silva FHS, Francischetti IMB, Monteiro RQ, Valente AP. Recombinant expression of Ixolaris, a Kunitz-type inhibitor from the tick salivary gland, for NMR studies. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 139:49-56. [PMID: 28734839 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ixolaris is an anticoagulant protein identified in the tick saliva of Ixodes scapularis. Ixolaris contains 2 Kunitz like domains and binds to Factor Xa or Factor X as a scaffold for inhibition of the Tissue Factor (TF)/Factor VIIa (FVIIa). In contrast to tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), however, Ixolaris does not bind to the active site cleft of FXa. Instead, complex formation is mediated by the FXa heparin-binding exosite. Due to its potent and long-lasting antithrombotic activity, Ixolaris is a promising agent for anticoagulant therapy. Although numerous functional studies of Ixolaris exist, three-dimensional structure of Ixolaris has not been obtained at atomic resolution. Using the pET32 vector, we successfully expressed a TRX-His6-Ixolaris fusion protein. By combining Ni-NTA chromatography, enterokinase protease cleavage, and reverse phase HPLC (RP-HPLC), we purified isotopically labeled Ixolaris for NMR studies. 1D 1H and 2D 15N-1H NMR analysis yielded high quality 2D 15N-1H HSQC spectra revealing that the recombinant protein is folded. These studies represent the first steps in obtaining high-resolution structural information by NMR for Ixolaris enabling the investigation of the molecular basis for Ixolaris-coagulation factors interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S De Paula
- Campus Xerém, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 25245-390, Brazil; Centro de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-920, Brazil
| | - F H S Silva
- Centro de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-920, Brazil; Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Centro Nacional de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Jiri Jonas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-920, Brazil
| | - I M B Francischetti
- Vector Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research (LMVR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - R Q Monteiro
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - A P Valente
- Centro de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-920, Brazil; Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Centro Nacional de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Jiri Jonas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-920, Brazil.
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Dagar VK, Adivitiya, Khasa YP. High-level expression and efficient refolding of therapeutically important recombinant human Interleukin-3 (hIL-3) in E. coli. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 131:51-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Lecina M, Nadal G, Solà C, Prat J, Cairó JJ. Optimization of ferric chloride concentration and pH to improve both cell growth and flocculation in Chlorella vulgaris cultures. Application to medium reuse in an integrated continuous culture bioprocess. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:211-218. [PMID: 27240237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Combined effect of ferric chloride and pH on Chlorella vulgaris growth and flocculation were optimized using DoE. Afterwards, an integrated bioprocess for microalgae cultivation and harvesting conceived as a sole step was run in continuous operation mode. Microalgae concentration in a 2L-photobioreactor was about 0.5gL(-1) and the efficiency of flocculation in the coupled sedimentation tank was about 95%. Dewatered microalgae reached a biomass concentrations increase about 50-fold, whereas it was only about 0.02gL(-1) in the clarified medium. Then, the reuse of the clarified medium recovered was further evaluated. The clarified medium was reused without any further nutrient supplementation, whereas a second round of medium reuse was performed after supplementation of main nutrients (phosphate-sulfate-nitrate), micronutrients and ferric chloride. The medium reuse strategy did not affect cell growth and flocculation. Consequently, the reuse of medium reduces the nutrients requirements and the demand for water, and therefore the production costs should be reduced accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martí Lecina
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria (EE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gisela Nadal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria (EE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Solà
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria (EE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Prat
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria (EE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi J Cairó
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria (EE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
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17
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High yield expression of novel glutaminase free l-asparaginase II of Pectobacterium carotovorum MTCC 1428 in Bacillus subtilis WB800N. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:2271-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Faust G, Stand A, Weuster-Botz D. IPTG can replace lactose in auto-induction media to enhance protein expression in batch-culturedEscherichia coli. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201500011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Faust
- Lehrstuhl für Bioverfahrenstechnik; Technische Universität München; Garching Germany
| | - Alexandra Stand
- Lehrstuhl für Bioverfahrenstechnik; Technische Universität München; Garching Germany
| | - Dirk Weuster-Botz
- Lehrstuhl für Bioverfahrenstechnik; Technische Universität München; Garching Germany
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Kämpf MM, Braun M, Sirena D, Ihssen J, Thöny-Meyer L, Ren Q. In vivo production of a novel glycoconjugate vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2a in recombinant Escherichia coli: identification of stimulating factors for in vivo glycosylation. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:12. [PMID: 25612741 PMCID: PMC4308876 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycoconjugated vaccines composed of polysaccharide antigens covalently linked to immunogenic carrier proteins have proved to belong to the most effective and safest vaccines for combating bacterial pathogens. The functional transfer of the N-glycosylation machinery from Campylobacter jejuni to the standard prokaryotic host Escherichia coli established a novel bioconjugation methodology termed bacterial glycoengineering. Results In this study, we report on the production of a new recombinant glycoconjugate vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2a representing the major serotype for global outbreaks of shigellosis. We demonstrate that S. flexneri 2a O-polysaccharides can be transferred to a detoxified variant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa carrier protein exotoxin A (EPA) by the C. jejuni oligosaccharyltransferase PglB, resulting in glycosylated EPA-2a. Moreover, we optimized the in vivo production of this novel vaccine by identification and quantitative analysis of critical process parameters for glycoprotein synthesis. It was found that sequential induction of oligosaccharyltransferase PglB and carrier protein EPA increased the specific productivity of EPA-2a by a factor of 1.6. Furthermore, by the addition of 10 g/L of the monosaccharide N-acetylglucosamine during induction, glycoconjugate vaccine yield was boosted up to 3.1-fold. The optimum concentration of Mg2+ ions for N-glycan transfer was determined to be 10 mM. Finally, optimized parameters were transferred to high cell density cultures with a 46-fold increase of overall yield of glycoconjugate compared to the one in initial shake flask production. Conclusion The present study is the first attempt to identify stimulating parameters for improved productivity of S. flexneri 2a bioconjugates. Optimization of glycosylation efficiency will ultimately foster the transfer of lab-scale expression to a cost-effective in vivo production process for a glycoconjugate vaccine against S. flexneri 2a in E. coli. This study is an important step towards this goal and provides a starting point for further optimization studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Kämpf
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland. .,GlycoVaxyn AG, Grabenstrasse 3, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Braun
- GlycoVaxyn AG, Grabenstrasse 3, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | | | - Julian Ihssen
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Linda Thöny-Meyer
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Qun Ren
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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Development of an efficient process intensification strategy for enhancing Pfu DNA polymerase production in recombinant Escherichia coli. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 38:651-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Vélez AM, da Silva AJ, Luperni Horta AC, Sargo CR, Campani G, Gonçalves Silva G, de Lima Camargo Giordano R, Zangirolami TC. High-throughput strategies for penicillin G acylase production in rE. coli fed-batch cultivations. BMC Biotechnol 2014; 14:6. [PMID: 24444109 PMCID: PMC3913322 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-14-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Penicillin G acylase (PGA) is used industrially to catalyze the hydrolysis of penicillin G to obtain 6-aminopenicillanic acid. In Escherichia coli, the most-studied microorganism for PGA production, this enzyme accumulates in the periplasmic cell space, and temperature plays an important role in the correct synthesis of its subunits. Results This work investigates the influence of medium composition, cultivation strategy, and temperature on PGA production by recombinant E. coli cells. Shake flask cultures carried out using induction temperatures ranging from 18 to 28°C revealed that the specific enzyme activity achieved at 20°C (3000 IU gDCW-1) was 6-fold higher than the value obtained at 28°C. Auto-induction and high cell density fed-batch bioreactor cultures were performed using the selected induction temperature, with both defined and complex media, and IPTG and lactose as inducers. Final biomass concentrations of 100 and 120 gDCW L-1, and maximum enzyme productivities of 7800 and 5556 IU L-1 h-1, were achieved for high cell density cultures using complex and defined media, respectively. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, the volumetric enzyme activity and productivity values achieved using the complex medium are the highest ever reported for PGA production using E. coli. Overall PGA recovery yields of 64 and 72% after purification were achieved for crude extracts obtained from cells cultivated in defined and complex media, respectively. The complex medium was the most cost-effective for PGA production, and could be used in both high cell density and straightforward auto-induction protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Teresa Cristina Zangirolami
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, C,P, 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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