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Selvam D, D'silva A, Panchapakesan A, Gohil Y, Singh J, Hanna LE, Ranga U. The expression of HIV-1 tat in Lactococcus lactis. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 217:106443. [PMID: 38360084 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Efficient expression of functional proteins in heterologous hosts has become the pivotal focus of modern biotechnology and biomedical research. To this end, multiple alternatives to E. coli are being explored for recombinant protein expression. L. lactis, being a gram-positive organism, circumvents the need for an endotoxin removal step during protein purification. We report here the optimisation of the expression of HIV-1 Tat, a notoriously difficult protein, in Lactococcus lactis system. We evaluated five different promoters in two different Lactococcus lactis strains and examined the effect of pH, glucose, and induction time on the yield and purity of Tat. Finally, the recombinant Tat was functionally competent in transactivating the HIV-1 promoter in HLM-1 reporter cells. Our work provides a scaffold for future work on the expression of toxic proteins in Lactococcus lactis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Selvam
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India; National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Anish D'silva
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Arun Panchapakesan
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Yuvrajsinh Gohil
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Jayendra Singh
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Udaykumar Ranga
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India.
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Yousaf S, Arshad M, Harraz FA, Masood R, Zia MA, Jalalah M, Faisal M. Evaluation of clinical efficacy of streptokinase by comparison with the thrombolytic agent on animal model. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e271083. [PMID: 38422281 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.271083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disorders, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), often lead to blood clot formation, impacting blood circulation. Streptokinase, a cost-effective and widely available thrombolytic agent, is crucial in treating thrombosis. This study aimed to produce streptokinase from Streptococcus pyogenes EBL-48 and compare its efficacy with heparin in an animal model. We evaluated the clot-lysing effectiveness of streptokinase produced from Streptococcus pyogenes EBL-48, emphasizing its low cost and ease of production. Streptokinase was produced using pre-optimized fermentation media and purified through ion exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. In vivo analysis involved inducing clots in a trial animal model using ferric chloride, comparing streptokinase with heparin. Ultrasonography assessed the clot-lysing activity of streptokinase. Streptokinase (47 kDa) effectively lysed clots, proving its low cost, easy production, and minimal adverse effects. Ultrasonography confirmed its fibrinolytic efficacy. These findings highlight potential as an affordable and easily produced thrombolytic agent, particularly relevant in resource-limited settings. Streptokinase efficacy and minimal adverse effects make it a promising option for thrombolytic therapy, especially in economically constrained regions. Future studies could optimize production techniques, explore different strains, and conduct clinical trials for human validation. Comparative studies with other thrombolytic agents would enhance understanding of their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yousaf
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Department of Biochemistry, Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Arshad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Department of Basic Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - F A Harraz
- Najran University, Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre - AMNRC, Najran, Saudi Arabia
- Najran University, Faculty of Science and Arts at Sharurah, Department of Chemistry, Sharurah Saudi Arabia
| | - R Masood
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Department of Biochemistry, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M A Zia
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Department of Biochemistry, Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Jalalah
- Najran University, Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre - AMNRC, Najran, Saudi Arabia
- Najran University, College of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Faisal
- Najran University, Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre - AMNRC, Najran, Saudi Arabia
- Najran University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Chemistry, Najran, Saudi Arabia
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Adivitiya, Babbal, Mohanty S, Khasa YP. Nitrogen supplementation ameliorates product quality and quantity during high cell density bioreactor studies of Pichia pastoris: A case study with proteolysis prone streptokinase. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:760-770. [PMID: 33716129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Streptokinase is a well-established cost-effective therapeutic molecule for thrombo-embolic complications. In the current study, a tag-free variant of streptokinase with a native N-terminus (N-rSK) was developed using the Pichia expression system. A three-copy clone was screened that secreted 1062 mg/L of N-rSK in the complex medium at shake flask level. The biologically active (67,552.61 IU/mg) N-rSK recovered by anion exchange chromatography was predicted to contain 15.43% α-helices, 26.43% β-sheets. The fermentation run in a complex medium yielded a poor quality product due to excessive N-rSK degradation. Therefore, modified basal salt medium was also employed during fermentation operations to reduce the proteolytic processing of the recombinant product. The concomitant feeding of 1 g/L/h soya flour hydrolysate with methanol during the protein synthesis phase reduced the proteolysis and yielded 2.29 g/L of N-rSK. The fermentation medium was also supplemented with urea during growth and induction phases. The combined feeding approach of nitrogen-rich soya flour hydrolysate and urea during bioreactor operations showed significant improvement in protein stability and resulted in a 4-fold increase in N-rSK concentration to a level of 4.03 g/L over shake flask. Under optimized conditions, the volumetric productivity and specific product yield were 52.33 mg/L/h and 33.24 mg/g DCW, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adivitiya
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Babbal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Shilpa Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Yogender Pal Khasa
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
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Engineering of deglycosylated and plasmin resistant variants of recombinant streptokinase in Pichia pastoris. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:10561-10577. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9402-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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