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Dev MJ, Mahajan GB, Warke RG, Warke GM, Patil TA, Satardekar MR, Dalvi RC, Singhal RS. Mutagenesis enhances gellan gum production by a novel Sphingomonas spp.: upstream optimization, kinetic modeling, and structural and physico-functional evaluation. Int Microbiol 2024; 27:459-476. [PMID: 37495894 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00399-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Gellan gum (GG) has gained tremendous attention owing to its diversified applications. However, its high production and hence market cost are still a bottleneck in its widespread utilization. In the present study, high GG producing mutant of Sphingomonas spp. was developed by random mutagenesis using ethyl methylsulphonate (EMS) for industrial fermentation and identified as Sphingomonas trueperi after 16S rRNA and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis. The fermentation conditions such as pH, temperature, and inoculum ratio were optimized by one factor at a time (OFAT) followed by screening of medium components by the Plackett-Burman statistical design. The most critical nutrients were further optimized by response surface methodology for maximizing GG production. The effect of dissolved oxygen tension in bioreactor on cell growth, substrate consumption, GG production, and batch productivity was elucidated. The highest GG titer (23 ± 2.4 g/L) was attained in optimized medium at 10% inoculum (6.45 ± 0.5 log cfu/mL) under controlled fermentation conditions of pH (7), temperature (30 °C), agitation (300-600 rpm), and aeration (0.5-2.0 SLPM) at 22 ± 2% dissolved oxygen tension in a 10-L bioreactor. Kinetic modeling of optimized batch process revealed that logistic growth model could best explain biomass accumulation, while GG formation and substrate consumption were best explained by Luedeking-Piret and exponential decay model, respectively. Structural and physico-functional features of GG produced by mutant Sphingomonas spp. were characterized by HPLC, FTIR, NMR, DSC, TGA, GPC, SEM, and rheological analysis. The higher productivity (0.51 g/L/h) under optimized fermentation conditions suggests potential consideration of mutant and process for commercial utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj J Dev
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
- Department of Microbiology, HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | - Girish B Mahajan
- Department of Microbiology, HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | - Rahul G Warke
- Department of Microbiology, HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | - Gangadhar M Warke
- Department of Microbiology, HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | - Tanuja A Patil
- Department of Microbiology, HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | - Milan R Satardekar
- Department of Microbiology, HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | - Rachana C Dalvi
- Department of Microbiology, HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | - Rekha S Singhal
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India.
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Gao M, Liu Z, Zhao Z, Wang Z, Hu X, Jiang Y, Yan J, Li Z, Zheng Z, Zhan X. Exopolysaccharide synthesis repressor genes (exoR and exoX) related to curdlan biosynthesis by Agrobacterium sp. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:193-202. [PMID: 35181324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Curdlan is a neutral, water-insoluble, unbranched, linear β-(1,3)-glucan. This study explored the roles of exoR and exoX in curdlan biosynthesis in Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31749. The microcapsule biosynthesis of ΔexoR strain was reduced, and the motility of this strain increased remarkably compared with the wild-type (WT) strain during the cell growth phase. The curdlan yields of ΔexoR and ΔexoX strains enhanced by 19% and 17%, and the glucose utilization increased by 12% and 11%, respectively, compared with the WT strain during batch fermentation. By contrast, the curdlan yields of exoR and exoX overexpression strains decreased by 28% and 33%, respectively. The gel strength produced by ΔexoR and exoX overexpression strains decreased compared with the WT strain. RT-qPCR analysis at the transcriptional level revealed that key genes in exopolysaccharide synthesis and central metabolic pathways were up-regulated in ΔexoX and ΔexoR strains during gel production. Metabolomics analysis of ΔexoR and ΔexoX mutants proved the rates of central metabolic and electron transport chain were accelerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhilei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhongsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zichao Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Xiuyu Hu
- China Biotech Fermentation Industry Association, Beijing 100833, PR China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jiajun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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Yang H, Li W, Chen S, Guo X, Huang F, Zhu P. Optimization and Modeling of Curdlan Production under Multi-physiological-parameters Process Control by Agrobacterium radiobacter Mutant A-15 at High Initial Glucose. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0028-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mohd Nadzir M, Nurhayati RW, Idris FN, Nguyen MH. Biomedical Applications of Bacterial Exopolysaccharides: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:530. [PMID: 33578978 PMCID: PMC7916691 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are an essential group of compounds secreted by bacteria. These versatile EPSs are utilized individually or in combination with different materials for a broad range of biomedical field functions. The various applications can be explained by the vast number of derivatives with useful properties that can be controlled. This review offers insight on the current research trend of nine commonly used EPSs, their biosynthesis pathways, their characteristics, and the biomedical applications of these relevant bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masrina Mohd Nadzir
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Malaysia;
| | - Retno Wahyu Nurhayati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia;
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Farhana Nazira Idris
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Malaysia;
| | - Minh Hong Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam;
- Bioresource Research Center, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
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Wan J, Wang Y, Jiang D, Gao H, Yang G, Yang X. Effects of carbon sources on production and properties of curdlan using Agrobaterium sp. DH-2. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 50:857-864. [PMID: 32538270 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1777423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Curdlan has wide potential application in the food and biomedical fields due to its unique thermal gel and biological activity. This study investigated the effect of six sugars including glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, sucrose and xylose as carbon sources on production and properties of curdlan using Agrobacterium sp. DH-2. The maximum production (38.1 g/L and 37.4 g/L, respectively) and yield (0.58 g curdlan/g sucrose and 0.53 g curdlan/g maltose, respectively) of curdlan were achieved by sucrose and maltose, followed by glucose, fructose, lactose and xylose. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the surface of cells was smooth in strain growth phase, while cells were covered by curdlan matrix acted as a net in the curdlan synthesis phase. The highest glucosyltransferase activity (19.9 U/g biomass) corresponded to the maximum curdlan production using the sucrose medium. The molecular weight and gel strength of curdlan were influenced by the carbon sources. The curdlan from xylose medium resulted in a maximum molecular weight of 1.59 × 106 Da and the highest gel strength of 989.2 g/cm2, while the curdlan from sucrose medium resulted in a lowest molecular weight of 1.10 × 106 Da and gel strength of 672.8 g/cm2. The high molecular weight of curdlan had high gel strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deming Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongliang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuexia Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang Q, Sun J, Wang Z, Hang H, Zhao W, Zhuang Y, Chu J. Kinetic analysis of curdlan production by Alcaligenes faecalis with maltose, sucrose, glucose and fructose as carbon sources. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 259:319-324. [PMID: 29573611 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Curdlan has wide-ranging benefits in food and pharmaceutical industries for its unique rheological and thermal gelling properties. To analyze the cell growth and curdlan biosynthesis kinetics of Alcaligenes faecalis, the kinetic properties of the curdlan fermentation under different carbon sources conditions (maltose, sucrose, glucose and fructose) were investigated using Logistic and Luedeking-Piret equations. The results demonstrated that curdlan fermentation is partial growth-associated process. With maltose as the sole carbon source, the highest curdlan production (Pm = 39.3 g/L), the maximum specific growth rate (μm = 0.44/h) and the growth-associated rate constant (α = 2.05 g curdlan/g cell) were achieved. In contrast, the fructose was the less desired carbon source in both the cell growth and curdlan production. Further, the results demonstrated that slow-releasing glucose from maltose boosted cell growth and curdlan production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jingyun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zejian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Haifeng Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Shan Dong Fu Yang Biological Technology Co., Ltd, China
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Wu M, Shi Z, Tian X, Shen Y, Qu J, Dai X, Wei W, Li G, Ma T. Enhancement of transparent hydrogel sanxan production in Sphingomonas sanxanigenens NX02 via rational and random gene manipulation. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 189:210-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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