1
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Ye X, Su X, Xiao T, Lu F, Xie T. High moisture extrusion of soybean protein isolate: Effect of β-glucan on physicochemical properties of extrudates. Food Chem 2024; 441:138329. [PMID: 38218146 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
This study is focused on exploring the effect of twin-screw high-moisture extrusion technology on the physico-chemical properties of β-glucan-soybean protein isolate (SPI-BG) extrudates. Different proportions (0 %, 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 4 %, 5 %) of oat β-glucan (BG) were added with soybean protein isolate (SPI) to prepare SPI-BG extrudates. Results showed that the addition of a high quantity of β-glucan (BG) decreased the elastic properties of soy protein isolate (SPI) extrudates and then increased. The strengthening of S1-S2-S3 interactions (hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and disulfide bonds) was primarily responsible for this trend. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis was conducted which revealed that BG did not significant affect random coil content of SPI. However, it was observed that α-helix content was increased significantly and the β-sheet content was decreased. An observation was noted in the value of enthalpy (ΔH) change that increased from 115.80 J/g to 159.68 J/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Ye
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Xiaolin Su
- Experimental Center, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Tong Xiao
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Tiemin Xie
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China.
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2
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Plakys G, Urbelienė N, Urbelis G, Vaitekūnas J, Labanauskas L, Mažonienė E, Meškys R. Conversion of β-1,6-Glucans to Gentiobiose using an endo-β-1,6-Glucanase PsGly30A from Paenibacillus sp. GKG. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400010. [PMID: 38439711 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
A plethora of di- and oligosaccharides isolated from the natural sources are used in food and pharmaceutical industry. An enzymatic hydrolysis of fungal cell wall β-glucans is a good alternative to produce the desired oligosaccharides with different functionalities, such as the flavour enhancer gentiobiose. We have previously identified PsGly30A as a potential yeast cell wall degrading β-1,6-glycosidase. The aim of this study is to characterise the PsGly30A enzyme, a member of the GH30 family, and to evaluate its suitability for the production of gentiobiose from β-1,6-glucans. An endo-β-1,6-glucanase PsGly30A encoding gene from Paenibacillus sp. GKG has been cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme has been active towards pustulan and yeast β-glucan, but not on laminarin from the Laminaria digitata, confirming the endo-β-1,6-glucanase mode of action. The PsGly30A shows the highest activity at pH 5.5 and 50 °C. The specific activity of PsGly30A on pustulan (1262±82 U/mg) is among the highest reported for GH30 β-1,6-glycosidases. Moreover, gentiobiose is the major reaction product when pustulan, yeast β-glucan or yeast cell walls have been used as a substrate. Therefore, PsGly30A is a promising catalyst for valorisation of the yeast-related by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gediminas Plakys
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Research and Development Roquette Amilina, AB, J. Janonio 12, LT, 35101 Panevezys, Lithuania
| | - Nina Urbelienė
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintaras Urbelis
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Akademijos 7, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Justas Vaitekūnas
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Linas Labanauskas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Akademijos 7, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Edita Mažonienė
- Department of Research and Development Roquette Amilina, AB, J. Janonio 12, LT, 35101 Panevezys, Lithuania
| | - Rolandas Meškys
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
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3
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Liang M, Liu Q, Chen Q, Wu Y, Wu C, Wang Y. Self-Assembling Gelatin-Curdlan Fibril Hydrogels for Oriented Neural Cell Growth. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:15741-15751. [PMID: 38518114 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The ex vivo replication of the highly helical and fibril structures of load-bearing soft tissue is a challenging goal for the study of hydrogels. Inspired by nature, we prepared tissue-like physical gels based on curdlan and gelatin by self-assembly. The hybrid gels have a flexible fibril-matrix architecture, and the fibril orientation is highly tunable. The tensile strength of the gels can be tuned from ∼1.1 to ∼16.5 MPa. The coil-helix transition and nanofibril formation process in the self-assembly system was thoroughly investigated. These helical gels exhibit excellent cell compatibility, which supports adhesion and oriented growth of neural cells. Furthermore, the oriented nanofibrils in the gel are found to be associated with an upregulated expression of regeneration-related genes like N-cadherin (Cdh2) and neural growth factor (NGF). Owing to the strength and biomimetic structure, these gels have great potential in tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minting Liang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuying Liu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunjie Chen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoxi Wu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
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Deng K, Huang Q, Yan X, Dai Y, Zhao J, Xiong X, Wang H, Chen X, Chen P, Liu L. Facile fabrication of a novel, photodetachable salecan-based hydrogel dressing with self-healing, injectable, and antibacterial properties based on metal coordination. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130551. [PMID: 38431010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Achieving the controllable detachment of polysaccharide-based wound dressings is challenging. In this study, a novel, photodetachable salecan-based hydrogel dressing with injectable, self-healing, antibacterial, and wound healing properties was developed using a green and facile approach. A salecan hydrogel with a uniform porous structure and water content of 90.4 % was prepared by simply mixing salecan and an Fe3+-citric acid complexing solution in an acidic D-(+)-glucono-1,5-lactone environment. Metal coordinate interactions were formed between the released Fe3+ ions and carboxyl groups on the salecan polysaccharide, inducing homogeneous gelation. Benefiting from this dynamic and reversible crosslinking, the salecan hydrogel exhibited self-healing and injectable behavior, facilitating the formation of the desired shapes in situ. The exposure of Fe3+-citric acid to UV light (365 nm) resulted in the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ through photochemical reactions, enabling phototriggered detachment. Moreover, the hydrogel exhibited excellent biocompatibility and satisfactory antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus of 72.5 % and 85.3 %, respectively. The adhesive strength of the salecan hydrogel to porcine skin was 1.06 ± 0.12 kPa. In vivo wound healing experiments further highlighted the advantages of the prepared hydrogel in alleviating the degree of wound inflammation and promoting tissue regeneration within 12 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Deng
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Qin Huang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Xiaotong Yan
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yan Dai
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Sichuan Synlight Biotech Ltd., 88 Keyuan South Road, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Hailan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xianggui Chen
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Pengfei Chen
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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Shang J, Duan L, Zhang W, Zhuang Q, Ren X, Gu D. The effect of Bletilla striata polysaccharide on the physical and healing properties of curdlan-based hydrogel for wound healing. J Biomater Appl 2024; 38:943-956. [PMID: 38462970 DOI: 10.1177/08853282241238409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) was added to curdlan to form a blend hydrogel through a simple heating-cooling procedure to improve the hydrophilicity and healing efficacy of curdlan-based hydrogel used in wound healing. We explored the interplay between BSP and curdlan, studied how BSP concentration affects the physical properties and microstructures of hydrogels, and examined the biocompatibility and healing properties of the blend hydrogel. It was proved that the hydrogel framework was primarily formed by ordered arranged curdlan molecules, with BSP uniformly dispersed and intertwined with curdlan through hydrogen bonding. This effectively improved its hydrophilicity and strengthened the microstructure. Curdlan was found to be compatible with BSP. The blend hydrogel B3Cd3 (containing 1.5% BSP and 1.5% curdlan, w/v) was identified as the optimal formulation based on its higher water adsorption, water retention, thermal stability and interconnected microstructure, and was thus selected for further research. In vitro experiments revealed the highest cell viability of L929 in B3Cd3 extracts compared to those extracts of single-component curdlan hydrogel (Cd). In vivo, animal studies indicated that the B3Cd3 accelerated wound healing compared to the control group by improving re-epithelialization and blood vessel regeneration. On Days 3 and 11, the therapeutic benefits of B3Cd3 exceeded those of the Cd group, and no significant differences were observed in wound healing rates between the B and B3Cd3 groups from Day 7. The study proves that BSP enhances the physical and healing properties, as well as cell proliferation, of the curdlan-based hydrogel. The blend hydrogel B3Cd3, with its exceptional properties, holds potential for future application as a material for non-infected wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shang
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Liangliang Duan
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Administration for Drug and Instrument Supervision and Inspection of PLAJLSF, Beijing, China
| | - Qibin Zhuang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaomei Ren
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Dale Gu
- Technical Department, Anhui Xiletianyuan Food Co., Ltd, Anqing, China
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Morgan AN, Fogelson SB, Wills PS, Mincer T, Mejri S, Page A. Hematological changes in Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus) supplemented with β-glucan and Pediococcus acidilactici synbiotic. J Fish Biol 2024; 104:1091-1111. [PMID: 38174614 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus) are a species of growing interest for commercial aquaculture. Effective health monitoring is crucial to the successful growout of the species, and prophylactic and therapeutic use of chemicals and antibiotics has been the traditional strategy for promoting stock health. However, concerns about antimicrobial resistance, chemical residues in seafood products and the environment, and resultant immunosuppression have prompted the industry to identify alternative management strategies, including supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, and combinations of both (synbiotics). The objectives of this study are to determine and compare hematological, plasma biochemical, and plasma protein electrophoresis data of synbiotic-supplemented (β-glucan and Pediococcus acidilactici) and non-supplemented Florida pompano. Reference intervals for blood analytes are provided for both groups and for subgroups (females, males, large, and small fish) where statistically significant results exist. There are no differences between the hematological and plasma biochemistry analytes between the supplemented and control groups, except for blood urea nitrogen and carbon dioxide, indicating a possible effect of synbiotic supplementation on gill function and osmoregulation. Sex-related and size-related differences are observed within each of the control and supplemented groups; however, biometric measurements do not strongly correlate with blood analytes. These data represent baseline hematological and plasma biochemical data in the Florida pompano and indicate the safety of synbiotic supplementation in this commercially important species. This study serves to further the commercialization of Florida pompano by providing blood analyte reference intervals for health monitoring in the aquaculture setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Morgan
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
| | | | - Paul S Wills
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
| | - Tracy Mincer
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
| | - Sahar Mejri
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
| | - Annie Page
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
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Su YC, Chang Y, Lee WC, Wang JH, Narita T, Takeno H, Syu JY, Jou IM, Hsieh WC. Study of chondrogenesis of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in curdlan- poly(vinyl alcohol) composite hydrogels and its mechanical properties of freezing-thawing treatments. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130792. [PMID: 38479670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The curdlan gel is a natural material produced by bacteria. It utilizes chemical cross-linking reactions to form a 3D porous composite hydrogel, increasing its porosity and water content, and improving its mechanical properties. It can be used in tissue repair and regenerative medicine. Curdlan-Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite hydrogel can rapidly swell within 1 min due to its porous structure. Compression tests confirmed that it still maintains its original mechanical strength, even after five repeated freeze-thaw (FT) processes, making it suitable for long-term cryopreservation. The purpose of this study is to transplant umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) on Curdlan-PVA composite hydrogel and observe the chondrocytes on the material. The results of using 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), calcein-acetoxymethyl ester (calcein AM), and Collagen type II-Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) staining, confirmed that UC-MSCs can attach and differentiate into chondrocytes on 3D Curdlan-PVA composite hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chieh Su
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chang Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Han Wang
- Department of Medical Science and Biotechnology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824005, Taiwan
| | - Takumi Narita
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takeno
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Gunma 376-8515, Japan; Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness (GUCFW), Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Jie-Yu Syu
- Department of Medical Science and Biotechnology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824005, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuan Hsieh
- Department of Medical Science and Biotechnology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824005, Taiwan.
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Xu Y, Liang X, Kong B, Sun F, Xia X, Zhang H, Liu Q, Cao C. Evaluating the effect of thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels on the gelling properties and in vitro digestibility of myofibrillar protein gels under low-salt condition. Food Res Int 2024; 181:114115. [PMID: 38448099 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the gelling properties and in vitro digestibility of myofibrillar protein (MP) gels under low-salt condition as mediated by different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) or thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). The results showed that the incorporation of TRC or TIRC obviously improved the gel strength and water holding capacity of MP gels (P < 0.05). Those properties were most improved by adding 0.3 % TRC or TIRC with gel strength of 0.18 N or 0.17 N and WHC of 54.85 % or 49.05 %. Meanwhile, both TRC and TIRC promoted the transformation of α-helix into β-sheet, as well as hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds, which are the main forces for the maintenance of the MP gels. The microstructure revealed that the formation of dense and uniform protein network structures can be promoted by the addition of TRC or TIRC. The different modes of interaction between TRC or TIRC and MP resulted in different microstructures of the MP gels. Furthermore, incorporation of TRC or TIRC significantly reduced in vitro protein digestibility, especially for the 0.3 % (w/w) form (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, MP gels had the lowest in vitro protein digestibility after the addition of TRC (66.67 %) compared to the form of TIRC (70.93 %). Therefore, our present study indicated that incorporation form of TRC or TIRC have distinct implications on regulating the gelling properties and in vitro digestibility of MP gels under low-salt condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Xu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xue Liang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Baohua Kong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Fangda Sun
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xiufang Xia
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Green Food Science & Research Institute, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China.
| | - Chuanai Cao
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
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Dai MQ, Wang XC, Gao LY, Zhang LC, Lai B, Wang C, Yan JN, Wu HT. Effect of black wolfberry anthocyanin and maltitol on the gelation and microstructural properties of curdlan/gellan gum hybrid gels. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3749-3756. [PMID: 38234140 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laboratory scale experiments have shown that curdlan and gellan gum gelled together as curdlan/gellan gum (CG) hybrid gels showed better gel properties than the individual curdlan and gellan gum. In this study, CG and black wolfberry anthocyanin (BWA), CG and maltitol (ML) hybrid gels were constructed using CG hybrid gel as matrix. The effects of BWA or ML on the gel properties and microstructure of CG hybrid gels were investigated and a confectionery gel was developed. RESULTS The presence of BWA increased the storage modulus (G') value of CG at 0.1 Hz, whereas ML had little effect on the G' value of CG. The addition of BWA (5 g L-1 ) and ML (0.3 mol L-1 ) increased the melting and gelling temperatures of CG hybrid gels to 42.4 °C and 34.1 °C and 44.2 °C and 33.2 °C, respectively. Meanwhile, the relaxation time T22 in CG-ML and CG-BWA hybrid gels was reduced to 91.96 and 410.27 ms, indicating the strong binding between BWA and CG, ML and CG. The hydrogen bond interaction between BWA or ML and CG was confirmed by the shift in the hydroxyl stretching vibration peak. Moreover, the microstructures of CG-ML and CG-BWA hybrid gels were denser than that of CG. In addition, confectionery gel containing CG-BWA-ML has good chewing properties. CONCLUSION These results indicated that the incorporation of BWA or ML could improve the structure of CG hybrid gels and assign a sustainability potential for the development of confectionery gels based on CG complex. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Dai
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Xue-Chen Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Ling-Yi Gao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Li-Chao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bin Lai
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian, China
| | - Ce Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian, China
| | - Jia-Nan Yan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian, China
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10
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Hsieh YSY, Kao MR, Tucker MR. The knowns and unknowns of callose biosynthesis in terrestrial plants. Carbohydr Res 2024; 538:109103. [PMID: 38555659 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Callose, a linear (1,3)-β-glucan, is an indispensable carbohydrate polymer required for plant growth and development. Advances in biochemical, genetic, and genomic tools, along with specific antibodies, have significantly enhanced our understanding of callose biosynthesis. As additional components of the callose synthase machinery emerge, the elucidation of molecular biosynthetic mechanisms is expected to follow. Short-term objectives involve defining the stoichiometry and turnover rates of callose synthase subunits. Long-term goals include generating recombinant callose synthases to elucidate their biochemical properties and molecular mechanisms, potentially culminating in the determination of callose synthase three-dimensional structure. This review delves into the structures and intricate molecular processes underlying callose biosynthesis, emphasizing regulatory elements and assembly mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves S Y Hsieh
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Mu-Rong Kao
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Matthew R Tucker
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
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Zhang C, Chen L, Teng H. Phase behavior of the gelation process of myofibrillar protein-curdlan blended system: Discussion based on rheology and gel properties. Food Chem 2024; 437:137839. [PMID: 37948797 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The phase behavior in protein-polysaccharide blended systems is the main factor affecting the physical properties of composite gels; however, the phase behavior at room temperature and during heated gelation is lacking discussion. In this research, extracted grouper myofibrillar protein (MP) and curdlan (CUR) were used as models for the MP-CUR blended system. The phase behavior of the MP-CUR blended system was analyzed using rheology and microstructure analysis, and the accuracy of the phase behavior analysis was verified by measuring the physical indices such as gel properties of the MP-CUR composite gels. At room temperature, MP and CUR showed good co-solubility, so the blended system with 0.8% CUR content obtained the best apparent viscosity, structural recoverability, and other rheological properties. After heating gelation, MP and CUR had strong thermodynamic unaffinity leading to phase separation, and the best storage modulus was obtained for the MP-CUR blended system with 0.6% CUR content. Therefore, it is concluded that 0.6% CUR content is the critical concentration for the MP-CUR blended system. The results were also confirmed by the best gel properties of 0.6% CUR composite gel when the physical properties of the composite gel were determined. The phase behavior evaluation was used to determine the appropriate polysaccharide concentrations as a means to improve the physicochemical properties of the composite gels and to exploit the value of polysaccharides in protein-based food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Hunan GaoGe Dairy Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Teng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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12
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Nishida Y, Shirakashi M, Hashii N, Nakashima R, Nakayama Y, Katsushima M, Watanabe R, Onizawa H, Hiwa R, Tsuji H, Kitagori K, Akizuki S, Onishi A, Murakami K, Yoshifuji H, Tanaka M, Tsuruyama T, Morinobu A, Hashimoto M. Pathogenicity of IgG-Fc desialylation and its association with Th17 cells in an animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Mod Rheumatol 2024; 34:523-529. [PMID: 37300805 DOI: 10.1093/mr/road054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Decreased sialylation of IgG-Fc glycans has been reported in autoimmune diseases, but its role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is not fully understood. In this study, we examined the pathogenicity of IgG desialylation and its association with Th17 in SLE using an animal model. METHODS B6SKG mice, which develop lupus-like systemic autoimmunity due to the ZAP70 mutation, were used to investigate the pathogenicity of IgG desialylation. The proportion of sialylated IgG was compared between B6SKG and wild-type mice with or without β-glucan treatment-induced Th17 expansion. Anti-interleukin (IL)-23 and anti-IL-17 antibodies were used to examine the role of Th17 cells in IgG glycosylation. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase-specific St6gal1 conditionally knockout (cKO) mice were generated to examine the direct effect of IgG desialylation. RESULTS The proportions of sialylated IgG were similar between B6SKG and wild-type mice in the steady state. However, IgG desialylation was observed after β-glucan-induced Th17 expansion, and nephropathy also worsened in B6SKG mice. Anti-IL-23/17 treatment suppressed IgG desialylation and nephropathy. Glomerular atrophy was observed in the cKO mice, suggesting that IgG desialylation is directly involved in disease exacerbation. CONCLUSIONS IgG desialylation contributes to the progression of nephropathy, which is ameliorated by blocking IL-17A or IL-23 in an SLE mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Nishida
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mirei Shirakashi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noritaka Hashii
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ran Nakashima
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakayama
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masao Katsushima
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryu Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Onizawa
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hiwa
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tsuji
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Kitagori
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuji Akizuki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Onishi
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kosaku Murakami
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hajime Yoshifuji
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masao Tanaka
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Tsuruyama
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Morinobu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motomu Hashimoto
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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13
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Passino R, Finneran MC, Hafner H, Feng Q, Huffman LD, Zhao XF, Johnson CN, Kawaguchi R, Oses-Prieto JA, Burlingame AL, Geschwind DH, Benowitz LI, Giger RJ. Neutrophil-inflicted vasculature damage suppresses immune-mediated optic nerve regeneration. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113931. [PMID: 38492223 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In adult mammals, injured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) fail to spontaneously regrow severed axons, resulting in permanent visual deficits. Robust axon growth, however, is observed after intra-ocular injection of particulate β-glucan isolated from yeast. Blood-borne myeloid cells rapidly respond to β-glucan, releasing numerous pro-regenerative factors. Unfortunately, the pro-regenerative effects are undermined by retinal damage inflicted by an overactive immune system. Here, we demonstrate that protection of the inflamed vasculature promotes immune-mediated RGC regeneration. In the absence of microglia, leakiness of the blood-retina barrier increases, pro-inflammatory neutrophils are elevated, and RGC regeneration is reduced. Functional ablation of the complement receptor 3 (CD11b/integrin-αM), but not the complement components C1q-/- or C3-/-, reduces ocular inflammation, protects the blood-retina barrier, and enhances RGC regeneration. Selective targeting of neutrophils with anti-Ly6G does not increase axogenic neutrophils but protects the blood-retina barrier and enhances RGC regeneration. Together, these findings reveal that protection of the inflamed vasculature promotes neuronal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Passino
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Matthew C Finneran
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hannah Hafner
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Qian Feng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lucas D Huffman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhao
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Craig N Johnson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Program in Neurogenetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Juan A Oses-Prieto
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Program in Neurogenetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute of Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Larry I Benowitz
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston MA 02115, USA; Departmant of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Roman J Giger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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14
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Liu Y, Li Y, Sun B, Kang J, Hu X, Zou L, Cui SW, Guo Q. Glucans from Armillaria luteo-virens: Structural Characterization and In Vivo Immunomodulatory Investigation under Different Administration Routes. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:6006-6018. [PMID: 38456292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides fromArmillaria luteo-virens (ALP) were investigated for structural characterization and immunomodulatory activities. Three fractions (ALP-1, ALP-2, and ALP-3) were obtained with the yield of 2.4, 3.7, and 3.0 wt %, respectively. ALP-1 was proposed as a β-(1 → 3)(1 → 6)-glucan with a triple-helix conformation; ALP-2 and ALP-3 were both identified as α-(1 → 4)(1 → 6)-glucan differing in their Mw and branching degree with a spherical conformation. The in vitro digestibility experiment and in vivo experiments using cyclophosphamide (CY)-treated mice demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of α-glucan (1 mg·kg-1·day-1) and intragastric gavage of β-glucan (10 mg·kg-1·day-1) both effectively restored the decrease in body weight, immune organ indexes, immune cell activities, serum immune marker levels, colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) levels, and Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio in immunosuppression mice. This study provides novel insights into the immunomodulatory activity of α- and β-glucans under different administration routes, thereby promoting their application in both food and pharmaceutical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 666 Wusu Road, Linan District, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119 Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, P. R. China
| | - Steve W Cui
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
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15
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Wang H, Yin B, Sun W, Geng H, Wang M, Li Y, Sun H, Yang X, Ni S. CO 2-Mediated Alkali-Neutralization Curdlan Hydrogels for Potential Wound Healing Application. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1738-1748. [PMID: 38340076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Physical hydrogels of natural polysaccharides are considered as ideal candidates for wound dressing due to their natural biological activity and no harmful cross-linking agents. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate such hydrogel dressings in a facile and low-cost way. Herein, we reported an easy and cost-effective method to construct CO2-mediated alkali-neutralization Curdlan (CR) hydrogels without using an external cross-linking agent. Two types of hydrogels (denoted as CR-NaOH and CR-Na3PO4, respectively) were fabricated by dissolving CR powders in a NaOH or Na3PO4 aqueous solution, followed by keeping the CR alkaline solutions in air. The obtained pure CR hydrogels possessed a tunable porous structure with walls containing different forms of nanofibrils. These hydrogels exhibited much higher gel strength by comparison with the gels prepared by conventional heating treatment. They were flexible, stretchable, twistable, and conformable to arbitrarily curved skins. Moreover, they exhibited ideal swellability, proper degradability, and water vapor transmission rate, and their physicochemical properties were closely related to CR concentration in the alkaline solution. These two hydrogels also supported the growth of L929 cells. Importantly, studies on wound healing revealed that both 3CR-NaOH and 3CR-Na3PO4 hydrogels were capable of accelerating the wound healing process through recruiting more macrophages/fibroblasts, inducing more collagen deposition and neovascularization (α-SMA and CD31) without carrying any exogenous bioactive components. In conclusion, the present work not only reported promising materials for application in wound therapy but also offered a facile and safe manufacturing procedure for generating pure CR physical hydrogels with better performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Bohao Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 600 YiShan Road, Shanghai 200233, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Center, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Huanna Geng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Mingyue Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Yahui Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 600 YiShan Road, Shanghai 200233, P. R. China
| | - Xuexia Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Ni
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
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16
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Colosimo R, Harris HC, Ahn-Jarvis J, Troncoso-Rey P, Finnigan TJA, Wilde PJ, Warren FJ. Colonic in vitro fermentation of mycoprotein promotes shifts in gut microbiota, with enrichment of Bacteroides species. Commun Biol 2024; 7:272. [PMID: 38443511 PMCID: PMC10915147 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05893-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycoprotein is a fungal-derived ingredient used for meat alternative products whose fungal cell walls are rich in dietary fibre (β-glucans and chitin) and defines its structure. Several health benefits have been reported after mycoprotein consumption, however, little is known about the impact of mycoprotein fermentation on the gut microbiota. This study aims to identify changes in microbiome composition and microbial metabolites during colonic fermentation of mycoprotein following simulated upper gastrointestinal digestion. Changes in microbial populations and metabolites produced by the fermentation of mycoprotein fibre were investigated and compared to a plant (oat bran) and an animal (chicken) comparator. In this model fermentation system, mycoprotein and oat showed different but marked changes in the microbial population compared to chicken, which showed minimal differentiation. In particular, Bacteroides species known for degrading β-glucans were found in abundance following fermentation of mycoprotein fibre. Mycoprotein fermentation resulted in short-chain fatty acid production comparable with oat and chicken at 72 h. Significantly higher branched-chain amino acids were observed following chicken fermentation. This study suggests that the colonic fermentation of mycoprotein can promote changes in the colonic microbial profile. These results highlight the impact that the unique structure of mycoprotein can have on digestive processes and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Colosimo
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
- Elsevier B.V, Radarweg 29a, 1043, NX, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hannah C Harris
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Jennifer Ahn-Jarvis
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Perla Troncoso-Rey
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Tim J A Finnigan
- Marlow Foods Ltd, Station Road, Stokesley, North Yorkshire, TS9 7AB, UK
| | - Pete J Wilde
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Frederick J Warren
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK.
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17
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Moreno Ravelo RC, Gastl M, Becker T. Characterization of molar mass and conformation of relevant (non-)starch polysaccharides in cereal-based beverages. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129942. [PMID: 38311131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Arabinoxylans, β-glucans, and dextrins influence the brewing industry's filtration process and product quality. Despite their relevance, only a maximum concentration of β-glucans is recommended. Nevertheless, filtration problems are still present, indicating that although the chemical concentration is essential, other parameters should be investigated. Molar mass and conformation are important polymer physical characteristics often neglected in this industry. Therefore, this research proposes an approach to physically characterize enzymatically isolated beer polysaccharides by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled to multi-angle light scattering and differential refractive index detector. Based on the obtained molar masses, root-mean-square radius (rrms from MALS), and hydrodynamic radius (rhyd), conformational properties such as apparent density (ρapp) and rrms/rhyd can be calculated based on their molar mass and size. Consequently, the ρapp and rrms/rhyd behavior hints at the different structures within each polysaccharide. The rrms/rhyd 1.2 and high ρapp values on low molar mass dextrins (1-2·105 g/mol) indicate branches, while aggregated structures at high molar masses on arabinoxylans and β-glucans (2·105 -6·106 g/mol) are due to an increase of ρapp and a rrms/rhyd (0.6-1). This methodology provides a new perspective to analyze starch and non-starch polysaccharides in cereal-based beverages since different physical characteristics could influence beer's filtration and sensory characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando César Moreno Ravelo
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Group Raw Material Based Brewing and Beverage Technology, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Martina Gastl
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Group Raw Material Based Brewing and Beverage Technology, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Thomas Becker
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Group Raw Material Based Brewing and Beverage Technology, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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18
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Ganie SA, Rather LJ, Assiri MA, Li Q. Recent innovations (2020-2023) in the approaches for the chemical functionalization of curdlan and pullulan: A mini-review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129412. [PMID: 38262826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Chemical modification represents a highly efficacious approach for enhancing the physicochemical characteristics and biological functionalities of natural polysaccharides. However, not all polysaccharides have considerable pharmacologic activity; so, appropriate chemical modification strategies can be selected in accordance with the distinct structural properties of polysaccharides to aid in improving and encouraging the presentation of their biological activities. Hence, there has been a growing interest in the chemical alteration of polysaccharides due to their various properties such as antioxidant, anticoagulant, antiviral, anticancer, biomedical, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory effects. This paper offers a comprehensive examination of recent scientific advancements produced over the past four years in the realm of unique chemical and functional modifications in curdlan and pullulan structures. This review aims to provide readers with an overview of the structural activity correlations observed in the backbone structures of curdlan and pullulan, as well as the diverse chemical modification processes employed for these polysaccharides. Additionally, the review aims to examine the effects of combining various bioactive molecules with chemically modified curdlan and pullulan and explore their potential applications in various important fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showkat Ali Ganie
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Luqman Jameel Rather
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, PR China.
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19
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Whitehurst DA, Friedman DL, Zhao Z, Sarma A, Snyder E, Dulek DE, Banerjee R, Kitko CL, Esbenshade AJ. A comprehensive assessment of the prolonged febrile neutropenia evaluation in pediatric oncology patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e30818. [PMID: 38110594 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric oncology patients with prolonged (≥96 hours) febrile neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < 500/μL) often undergo an evaluation for invasive fungal disease (IFD) and other infections. Current literature suggests that beta-D-glucan (BDG), galactomannan, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and computed tomography (CT) scans (sinus, chest, and abdomen/pelvis) may help determine a diagnosis in this population. METHODS In a retrospective cohort study of all cancer/stem cell transplant patients (diagnosed 2005-2019) from one pediatric hospital, all episodes with prolonged febrile neutropenia or IFD evaluations (defined as sending a fungal biomarker or performing a CT scan to assess for infection) were identified. RESULTS In total, 503 episodes met inclusion criteria and 64% underwent IFD evaluations. In total, 36.4% of episodes documented an infection after initiation of prolonged febrile evaluation, most commonly Clostridioides difficile colitis (6.4%) followed by a true bacterial bloodstream infection (BSI) (5.2%), proven/probable IFD (4.8%), and positive respiratory pathogen panel (3.6%). There was no difference in sinus CTs showing sinusitis (74% vs 63%, p = 0.46), whereas 32% of abdomen/pelvis CTs led to a non-IFD diagnosis, and 25% of chest CTs showed possible pneumonia. On chest CT, the positive predictive value (PPV) for IFD was 19% for nodules and 14% for tree and bud lesions. BDG had a PPV of 25% for IFD and GM 50%. BAL diagnosed IFD once and pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia twice. CONCLUSIONS Chest CTs and abdomen/pelvis CTs provide clinically relevant information during the prolonged febrile neutropenia evaluation, whereas BDG, galactomannan, BAL, and sinus CTs have less certain utility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Debra L Friedman
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zhiguo Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Asha Sarma
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Elizabeth Snyder
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Daniel E Dulek
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ritu Banerjee
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Carrie L Kitko
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Adam J Esbenshade
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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20
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Li S, Zhang M, Ren X, Guan L, Mi Y, Ye G. Effects of oat β-glucan on the retrogradation behavior of rice starch and its potential mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129509. [PMID: 38242395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
In this study, to minimize the quality deterioration caused by the retrogradation of starch-based food, the effect and mechanism of oat β-glucan (OG) on the retrogradation of rice starch was investigated. OG effectively decreased storage modulus (G'), syneresis, and retrogradation enthalpy, indicating the inhibition of short-term and long-term retrogradation of rice starch. The competition for water molecules between the OG and rice starch resulted in partial swelling of the starch granules, consequently reducing particle size, lowering amylose leaching, and decreasing the proportion of short-amylose chains. The microstructure characterization showed that the OG-treated rice starch group (ST-OG) exhibited a smoother and denser surface. Particularly, no notable alterations were observed in the structure of the ST-OG sample during storage, owing to the improved water-holding capacity of starch gel and reduced proportion of free water caused by OG. Furthermore, the ordered structure results confirmed the occurrence of hydrogen bonding between OG and rice starch, which hindered the rearrangement of starch molecules. Therefore, OG is an effective natural additive for controlling the retrogradation of starch-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixuan Li
- Beijing Technology and Business University, School of Food and Health, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing 100048, China; National Grain Industry Highland Barley Deep Processing Technology Innovation Center, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Technology and Business University, School of Food and Health, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing 100048, China; National Grain Industry Highland Barley Deep Processing Technology Innovation Center, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Xin Ren
- Beijing Technology and Business University, School of Food and Health, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing 100048, China; National Grain Industry Highland Barley Deep Processing Technology Innovation Center, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Lina Guan
- Beijing Technology and Business University, School of Food and Health, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing 100048, China; National Grain Industry Highland Barley Deep Processing Technology Innovation Center, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yongjie Mi
- Beijing Technology and Business University, School of Food and Health, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing 100048, China; National Grain Industry Highland Barley Deep Processing Technology Innovation Center, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Guodong Ye
- Beijing Technology and Business University, School of Food and Health, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing 100048, China; National Grain Industry Highland Barley Deep Processing Technology Innovation Center, Beijing 100048, China
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21
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Xia S, Yu H, Qiu Y, Zhao Y, Li H, Zhang J, Zhu J. A novel curdlan/methyl cellulose/walnut green husk polyphenol edible composite film for walnut packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129505. [PMID: 38232883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, polyphenols were extracted from walnut green husk, an agricultural waste, and were incorporated into curdlan (CD) and methyl cellulose (MC) to create a novel edible composite film. For structural character, the film matrix was tightly bound primarily by non-covalent bonds and the addition of walnut green husk polyphenols (WGHP) significantly reduced the surface roughness of the composite film. For mechanical properties, the addition of WGHP improve the flexibility of films, and it significantly improved the barrier ability of ultraviolet rays and water-vapor. Furthermore, the incorporation of WGHP to the CD-MC film resulted in enhanced antioxidant and antibacterial effects, which effectively retards lipid oxidation in fried walnuts. Consequently, the fabricated CD-MC-WGHP composite film bears immense potential for use in food preservation applications, particularly in extending the shelf life of fried walnuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyao Xia
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huilin Yu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Honghao Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajin Zhu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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22
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Gao L, Guan M, Qin Y, Ji N, Wang Y, Li Y, Li M, Xiong L, Sun Q. Utilization of heat-induced curdlan gel to improve the cooking qualities of thermally sterilized fresh rice noodles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129693. [PMID: 38278386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Thermal sterilization is the most economical and efficient method to guarantee the shelf life of extruded fresh rice noodles, but it often leads to a high cooking breakage rate and poor elongation at break of the noodles. The aim of this study was to improve the edible quality of sterilized fresh rice noodles through the addition of low concentrations of curdlan (0.38 %-1.13 %), which can form a thermal-irreversible gel to resist high-temperature sterilization. Compared with the control group without curdlan, the cooking breakage rate of sterilized fresh rice noodles with 1.13 % curdlan decreased from 16.85 % to 5.22 %, the tensile strain increased from 91.15 % to 147.05 %, and the microstructure was more dense and uniform. The results showed that adding the proper amount of curdlan is an effective strategy to improve the quality of sterilized fresh rice noodles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Minghang Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yang Qin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China; Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, 257100, China
| | - Na Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China; Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, 257100, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Man Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Liu Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qingjie Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China.
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23
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Kei N, Cheung KK, Ma KL, Yau TK, Lauw S, Wong VWS, You L, Cheung PCK. Effects of Oat β-Glucan and Inulin on Alleviation of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Aggravated by Circadian Disruption in C57BL/6J Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:3520-3535. [PMID: 38333950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This was the first study that examined the effects of oat β-glucan and inulin on diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in circadian-disrupted (CD)-male C57BL/6J mice. CD intensified NASH, significantly increasing alanine aminotransferase and upregulating hepatic tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and transforming growth factor β 1 (TGFβ1). However, these observations were significantly alleviated by oat β-glucan and inulin treatments. Compared to CD NASH mice, oat β-glucan significantly decreased the liver index, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and insulin. In prebiotic-treated and CD NASH mice, significant negative correlations were found between enrichment of Muribaculaceae bacterium Isolate-036 (Harlan), Muribaculaceae bacterium Isolate-001 (NCI), and Bacteroides ovatus after oat β-glucan supplementation with TNFα and TGFβ1 levels; and enrichment of Muribaculaceae bacterium Isolate-110 (HZI) after inulin supplementation with AST level. In conclusion, oat β-glucan and inulin exhibited similar antiliver injury, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic activities but had no effect on cecal short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota diversity in CD NASH mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Kei
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Program, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam Kuen Cheung
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Program, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Food Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Ka Lee Ma
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Program, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsz Kwan Yau
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Susana Lauw
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Program, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Food Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Vincent Wai Sun Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lijun You
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Peter Chi Keung Cheung
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Program, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Food Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR , China
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24
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Avelar GM, Pradhan A, Ma Q, Hickey E, Leaves I, Liddle C, Rodriguez Rondon AV, Kaune AK, Shaw S, Maufrais C, Sertour N, Bain JM, Larcombe DE, de Assis LJ, Netea MG, Munro CA, Childers DS, Erwig LP, Brown GD, Gow NAR, Bougnoux ME, d'Enfert C, Brown AJP. A CO 2 sensing module modulates β-1,3-glucan exposure in Candida albicans. mBio 2024; 15:e0189823. [PMID: 38259065 PMCID: PMC10865862 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01898-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial species capable of co-existing with healthy individuals, such as the commensal fungus Candida albicans, exploit multifarious strategies to evade our immune defenses. These strategies include the masking of immunoinflammatory pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) at their cell surface. We reported previously that C. albicans actively reduces the exposure of the proinflammatory PAMP, β-1,3-glucan, at its cell surface in response to host-related signals such as lactate and hypoxia. Here, we show that clinical isolates of C. albicans display phenotypic variability with respect to their lactate- and hypoxia-induced β-1,3-glucan masking. We have exploited this variability to identify responsive and non-responsive clinical isolates. We then performed RNA sequencing on these isolates to reveal genes whose expression patterns suggested potential association with lactate- or hypoxia-induced β-1,3-glucan masking. The deletion of two such genes attenuated masking: PHO84 and NCE103. We examined NCE103-related signaling further because NCE103 has been shown previously to encode carbonic anhydrase, which promotes adenylyl cyclase-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling at low CO2 levels. We show that while CO2 does not trigger β-1,3-glucan masking in C. albicans, the Sch9-Rca1-Nce103 signaling module strongly influences β-1,3-glucan exposure in response to hypoxia and lactate. In addition to identifying a new regulatory module that controls PAMP exposure in C. albicans, our data imply that this module is important for PKA signaling in response to environmental inputs other than CO2.IMPORTANCEOur innate immune defenses have evolved to protect us against microbial infection in part via receptor-mediated detection of "pathogen-associated molecular patterns" (PAMPs) expressed by invading microbes, which then triggers their immune clearance. Despite this surveillance, many microbial species are able to colonize healthy, immune-competent individuals, without causing infection. To do so, these microbes must evade immunity. The commensal fungus Candida albicans exploits a variety of strategies to evade immunity, one of which involves reducing the exposure of a proinflammatory PAMP (β-1,3-glucan) at its cell surface. Most of the β-1,3-glucan is located in the inner layer of the C. albicans cell wall, hidden by an outer layer of mannan fibrils. Nevertheless, some β-1,3-glucan can become exposed at the fungal cell surface. However, in response to certain specific host signals, such as lactate or hypoxia, C. albicans activates an anticipatory protective response that decreases β-1,3-glucan exposure, thereby reducing the susceptibility of the fungus to impending innate immune attack. Here, we exploited the natural phenotypic variability of C. albicans clinical isolates to identify strains that do not display the response to β-1,3-glucan masking signals observed for the reference isolate, SC5314. Then, using genome-wide transcriptional profiling, we compared these non-responsive isolates with responsive controls to identify genes potentially involved in β-1,3-glucan masking. Mutational analysis of these genes revealed that a sensing module that was previously associated with CO2 sensing also modulates β-1,3-glucan exposure in response to hypoxia and lactate in this major fungal pathogen of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M. Avelar
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Arnab Pradhan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Qinxi Ma
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Emer Hickey
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Leaves
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Corin Liddle
- Bioimaging Unit, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandra V. Rodriguez Rondon
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Ann-Kristin Kaune
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Shaw
- Centre for Genome Enabled Biology and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Corinne Maufrais
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAe USC2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Natacha Sertour
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAe USC2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France
| | - Judith M. Bain
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel E. Larcombe
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Leandro J. de Assis
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department for Immunology & Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carol A. Munro
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Delma S. Childers
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Lars P. Erwig
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Johnson-Johnson Innovation, EMEA Innovation Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon D. Brown
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Neil A. R. Gow
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAe USC2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France
- Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christophe d'Enfert
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAe USC2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France
| | - Alistair J. P. Brown
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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25
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Fei C, Liu L, Qi H, Peng Y, Han J, Wang C, Li X. Curdlan-Decorated Fullerenes Mitigate Immune-Mediated Hepatic Injury for Autoimmune Hepatitis Therapeutics via Reducing Macrophage Infiltration. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:5536-5547. [PMID: 38267397 PMCID: PMC10860698 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a severe immune-mediated inflammatory liver disease whose standard of care is immunosuppressive treatment with inevitable undesired outcomes. Macrophage is acknowledged to aggravate liver damage, providing a promising AIH therapeutic target. Accordingly, in this study, a kind of curdlan-decorated fullerene nanoparticle (Cur-F) is fabricated to alleviate immune-mediated hepatic injury for treating AIH via reducing macrophage infiltration in a concanavalin A (Con A)-induced AIH mouse model. After intravenous administration, Cur-F primarily distributes in liver tissues, efficiently eliminates the excessive reactive oxygen species, significantly attenuates oxidative stress, and subsequently suppresses the nuclear factor kappa-B-gene binding (NF-κB) signal pathway, resulting in the lowered production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the balancing of the immune homeostasis with the prevention of macrophage infiltration in the liver. The regulation of hepatic inflammation contributes to inhibiting inflammatory cytokines-induced hepatocyte apoptosis, decreasing the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) contents and thus ameliorating immune-mediated hepatic injury. Notably, there is no detectable toxicity to the body. Our findings may open up novel avenues for AIH based on curdlan and fullerene materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Fei
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner
Mongolia University, Inner
Mongolia 010021, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hedong Qi
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuyang Peng
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingfen Han
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner
Mongolia University, Inner
Mongolia 010021, China
| | - Chunru Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue Li
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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26
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Kshirsagar R, Munhoven A, Tran Nguyen TM, Ehrenhofer-Murray AE. A role for β-1,6- and β-1,3-glucans in kinetochore function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 2024; 226:iyad195. [PMID: 37950911 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome segregation is crucial for the faithful inheritance of DNA to the daughter cells after DNA replication. For this, the kinetochore, a megadalton protein complex, assembles on centromeric chromatin containing the histone H3 variant CENP-A, and provides a physical connection to the microtubules. Here, we report an unanticipated role for enzymes required for β-1,6- and β-1,3-glucan biosynthesis in regulating kinetochore function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These carbohydrates are the major constituents of the yeast cell wall. We found that the deletion of KRE6, which encodes a glycosylhydrolase/ transglycosidase required for β-1,6-glucan synthesis, suppressed the centromeric defect of mutations in components of the kinetochore, foremost the NDC80 components Spc24, Spc25, the MIND component Nsl1, and Okp1, a constitutive centromere-associated network protein. Similarly, the absence of Fks1, a β-1,3-glucan synthase, and Kre11/Trs65, a TRAPPII component, suppressed a mutation in SPC25. Genetic analysis indicates that the reduction of intracellular β-1,6- and β-1,3-glucans, rather than the cell wall glucan content, regulates kinetochore function. Furthermore, we found a physical interaction between Kre6 and CENP-A/Cse4 in yeast, suggesting a potential function for Kre6 in glycosylating CENP-A/Cse4 or another kinetochore protein. This work shows a moonlighting function for selected cell wall synthesis proteins in regulating kinetochore assembly, which may provide a mechanism to connect the nutritional status of the cell to cell-cycle progression and chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucha Kshirsagar
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Rhoda-Erdmann-Haus, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arno Munhoven
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Rhoda-Erdmann-Haus, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tra My Tran Nguyen
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Rhoda-Erdmann-Haus, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ann E Ehrenhofer-Murray
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Rhoda-Erdmann-Haus, 10099 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Niaz T, Mackie A. Effect of beta glucan coating on controlled release, bioaccessibility, and absorption of β-carotene from loaded liposomes. Food Funct 2024; 15:1627-1642. [PMID: 38247312 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04123a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the use of biopolymers as coating material to stabilise phospholipid-based nanocarriers has increased. One such class of biopolymers is the dietary fibre beta-glucan (βG). In this study, we developed and characterized beta-carotene (βC) loaded βG coated nanoliposomes (GNLs) to investigate the effect of βG coating on the stability, controlled release, bioaccessibility, diffusion and subsequent absorption of the lipophilic active agent. The size, charge (Z-potential), and FTIR spectra were measured to determine the physicochemical stability of GNLs. βG coating reduced the bioaccessibility, provided prolonged release and improved the antioxidant activity of the nanoliposomes. Multiple particle tracking (MPT) data suggested that βC-GNLs were less diffusive in porcine intestinal mucus (PIM). Additionally, the microviscosity of the PIM treated with GNLs was observed to be higher (0.04744 ± 0.00865 Pa s) than the PIM incubated with uncoated NLs (0.015 ± 0.0004 Pa s). An Ex vivo experiment was performed on mouse jejunum to measure the absorption of beta-carotene from coated (βC-GNLs) and uncoated nanoliposomes (βC-NLs). Data showed that after 2 hours, 27.7 ± 1.3 ng mL-1 of βC encapsulated in GNLs and 61.54 ± 3 ng mL-1 of the βC encapsulated in uncoated NLs was absorbed by mouse intestinal mucosa. These results highlight that coating with βG stabilise NLs during gastrointestinal digestion and provides more sustained release of βC from nanoliposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taskeen Niaz
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Alan Mackie
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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Huang QY, Li PC, Yue JR. Diagnostic performance of serum galactomannan and β-D-glucan for invasive aspergillosis in suspected patients: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37067. [PMID: 38306560 PMCID: PMC10843323 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum galactomannan (GM) and β-D-glucan (BG) are known markers of invasive aspergillosis (IA). The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficiency of serum GM and BG as diagnostic markers of symptomatic IA infection and compare the performance of the combined tests with that of either test individually. METHODS A literature search was carried out using PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases to include relevant studies published in English up to May 2023. The quality assessment was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software. A bivariate model was applied to pool diagnostic parameters using Stata 14.0 software. We used Cochrane I2 index to assess heterogeneity and identify the potential source of heterogeneity by meta-regression. Paired t tests were used to compare the value of GM and BG for IA diagnosis when used in combination or alone. RESULTS Sixteen studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. For proven or probable IA, serum GM and BG yielded a pooled sensitivity of 0.53 (95% CI 0.40-0.66) vs 0.72 (95% CI 0.61-0.81) and a pooled specificity of 0.94 (95% CI 0.91-0.97) vs 0.82 (95% CI 0.73-0.88). The area under the curve (AUC) of ROC was 0.90 (95% CI 0.87-0.92) vs 0.83 (95% CI 0.80-0.86) for all studies. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for IA diagnosis by combined GM and BG assays (GM/BG) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.69-0.86) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.69-0.81), respectively. The sensitivity of the combined GM/BG test to diagnose IA was higher than of the GM or BG test alone. CONCLUSION Serum GM and BG tests had a relatively high accuracy for IA diagnosis in suspected patients. The diagnostic accuracy of both assays is comparable, and the diagnostic sensitivity is further improved by the combined detection of the 2 markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yi Huang
- Department of Transfusion, Nanchong Central Hospital Second Clinical School of North Sichuan Medical College: Nanchong Central Hospital Affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital Second Clinical School of North Sichuan Medical College: Nanchong Central Hospital Affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jin-Rui Yue
- Department of Transfusion, Nanchong Central Hospital Second Clinical School of North Sichuan Medical College: Nanchong Central Hospital Affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
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Lu M, Zhang C, Chen B, Ai C, Chen L, Teng H. Improvement of gelation properties of Penaeus vannamei surimi by magnetic field-assisted freezing in combination with curdlan. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128323. [PMID: 38000599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Traditional methods of freezing and thawing may harm the quality of meat products. In order to reduce the negative impact of freezing on surimi products, the magnetic field-assisted freezing method is combined with various curdlan ratios to enhance the gelation characteristics of Penaeus vannamei surimi in this study. The results showed that the magnetic field-assisted freezing technique significantly improved the quality of thawed surimi compared with soaking freezing (SF), whereas the addition of curdlan further improved the gelation properties, and the gel strength, water-holding capacity, textural properties, whiteness, and G' value were significantly improved when its content was increased to 0.6 %. However, excessive amounts of curdlan interfered with protein covalent cross-linking, leading to a decrease in gel quality. Additionally, the addition of magnetic field and curdlan encouraged the shift of the α-helix to the random coil and β-sheet transition, which stimulated the growth of myofibril molecules, exposed the hydrophobic groups and thiols, improved protein-molecule interactions, and promoted systematic gathering of proteins, leading to the formation of the microstructure of dense and small pores. It also resulted in a drop in water release, an increase in the proton density and a shift in the water condition from free water to more immobile water, which had higher sensory qualities. These effects together resulted in a reduction in thawing and cooking loss to 11.41 % and 13.83 %, respectively. These results also help to clarify the gelation process of shrimp surimi and help to regulate the gelation characteristics of shrimp surimi products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Boyu Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Chao Ai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Hunan GaoGe Dairy Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Hui Teng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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Yu J, Fang L, Kim S, Kim K, Kim M, Lee T. Valorization of fruit and vegetable byproducts for the beta-glucan production from Euglena gracilis. Bioresour Technol 2024; 394:130213. [PMID: 38113951 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Five fruit and vegetable byproducts were evaluated as carbon sources and media for beta-glucan production from Euglena gracilis. Orange peel showed the highest beta-glucan concentration (6.5 g/L) and productivity (1.9 g/L/day) when used as a medium. However, when employed as carbon sources, apple pomace showed the highest beta-glucan concentration (10.6 g/L) and productivity (3.5 g/L/day). The appropriate chemical oxygen demand/nitrogen ratio (71.1) and favorable carbon sources of apple contributed to beta-glucan production. Increasing sugar concentrations in apple pomace and orange peel from 10 to 30 g/L raised the beta-glucan concentration to 11.6 g/L. Using apple pomace and orange peel individually proved more effective than mixing them for beta-glucan production. Therefore, apple as a carbon source is the most effective fruit and vegetables byproduct for beta-glucan production. This is expected to reduce the cost of E. gracilis cultivation on a large-scale and contribute to the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaecheul Yu
- Department of Energy and Environment, Korea Polytechnic, Changwon 51518, Republic of Korea
| | - Liu Fang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunah Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Daesang Co., Seoul 07789, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunho Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Christner M, Abdennadher B, Wichmann D, Kluge S, Pepić A, Aepfelbacher M, Rohde H, Olearo F. The added value of (1,3)-β-D-glucan for the diagnosis of Invasive Candidiasis in ICU patients: a prospective cohort study. Infection 2024; 52:73-81. [PMID: 37322388 PMCID: PMC10811116 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Beta-D-Glucan (BDG) testing has been suggested to support the diagnosis of candidemia and invasive candidiasis. The actual benefit in critically ill high-risk patients in intensive care units (ICU) has not been verified so far. METHODS In ICU patients receiving empirical echinocandin treatment for suspected invasive candidiasis (IC), serial BDG testing using the Fujifilm Wako Beta-Glucan Test was performed, starting on the first day of echinocandin administration and every 24-48 h afterwards. Diagnostic accuracy was determined for single testing and serial testing strategies using a range of cut-off values. In addition, we compared the added value of these testing strategies when their results were introduced as additional predictors into a multivariable logistic regression model controlling for established risk factors of IC. RESULTS A total of 174 ICU patients, forty-six of which (25.7%) classified as cases of IC, were included in our study. Initial BDG testing showed moderate sensitivity (74%, 95%CI 59-86%) and poor specificity (45%, 95% CI 36-54%) for IC which could hardly be improved by follow-up testing. While raw BDG values or test results obtained with very high thresholds improved the predictive performance of our multivariable logistic regression model for IC, neither single nor serial testing with the manufacturer-proposed low-level cut-off showed substantial benefit. CONCLUSIONS In our study of critically ill intensive care patients at high risk for candidemia or invasive candidiasis, diagnostic accuracy of BDG testing was insufficient to inform treatment decisions. Improved classification was only achieved for cases with very high BDG values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Christner
- Center for Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Beya Abdennadher
- Center for Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominic Wichmann
- Center for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kluge
- Center for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Amra Pepić
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Aepfelbacher
- Center for Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Rohde
- Center for Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Flaminia Olearo
- Center for Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Chen K, Jiang J, Tian R, Kuang Y, Wu K, Xiao M, Liu Y, Qian H, Jiang F. Properties of konjac glucomannan/curdlan-based emulsion films incorporating camellia oil and the preservation effect as coatings on 'Kyoho' grapes. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128836. [PMID: 38104683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The strategy of emulsion coating was used for grape preservation. Camellia oil (CO) was incorporated with KGM/curdlan (KC) to fabricate KC-CO emulsion systems. KC-CO emulsions were analyzed by droplet size distribution and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and KC-CO films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), mechanical properties, dissolution, gas permeability, water contact angle (WCA). KC-CO coating was used for preservation of 'Kyoho' grapes. The results indicated that the addition of CO had a positive effect on KC system. CO could form a uniform emulsion with KC, and the droplets were evenly dispersed in the KC matrix. KC-CO films displayed a continuous microstructure, and elongation at break (EAB) was improved, while tensile strength decreased. The dissolution, water vapor permeability (WVP), and WCA were significantly enhanced, while the permeability of oxygen and carbon dioxide exhibited no advantage compared with KC film. KC-CO-10 possessed optimal properties and was selected as an emulsion coating for preservation. The results suggested that KC-CO-10 significantly maintained the appearance, total solid and acid content of 'Kyoho' grapes, and delayed the weight loss and firmness decrease. This study contributed to the understanding of polysaccharide-lipid emulsion system and the applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China; National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Runmiao Tian
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Ying Kuang
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Kao Wu
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Man Xiao
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Hong Qian
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China; College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Fatang Jiang
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China; Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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Gao Y, Wang H, Niu X. A hydrogen-bonded curdlan-chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol edible dual functional hydrogel bandage against MRSA promotes wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129351. [PMID: 38216019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The most prevalent complication arising from skin injuries is bacterial infection, where pathogenic bacteria proliferate significantly at the wound site, leading to subsequent complications like septic shock and sepsis. Although antibiotics presently effectively manage wound infections caused by common bacteria, the escalating prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains necessitates urgent novel approaches for addressing such infections. Here, we present CS9P1-RA, a dual functional hydrogel dressing, based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix crosslinked through hydrogen bonding. CS9P1-RA combines chitosan (CS), a food-derived antibacterial agent, with the natural compound rosmarinic acid (RA) to specifically target skin injuries caused by MRSA. Computational and molecular biology assays illustrate RA's ability to selectively inhibit the activity of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) serine/threonine phosphatase (Stp1), reducing the S. aureus pathogenicity. CS9P1-RA showcases exceptional antibacterial efficacy (MIC = 1 mg/mL) and demonstrates potency in reducing virulence (IC50 = 7.424 μM on Stp1). Notably, it effectively curbs bacterial growth and accelerates wound healing in the mice model, thereby fulfilling the practical requirements for clinical applications. Moreover, the mechanical properties of CS9P1-RA ensure user comfort during treatment. This work introduces a fresh design paradigm for dressing materials, offering a promising solution for treating skin injuries inflicted by antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Hongsu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Xiaodi Niu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
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Timm TG, Amâncio BR, Loregian KE, Magnani E, Helm CV, de Lima EA, Marcondes MI, Branco RH, de Paula EM, Benedeti PDB, Tavares LBB. Peach palm shells (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) bioconversion by Lentinula edodes: Potential as new bioproducts for beef cattle feeding. Bioresour Technol 2024; 394:130292. [PMID: 38185450 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
This paper aims to develop and assess the in vitro effects on ruminal fermentation and greenhouse gas parameters of new bioproducts for beef cattle diets, carried out by solid-state fermentation of peach palm shells colonized by Lentinula edodes (SSF) and after Shiitake mushroom cultivation in axenic blocks (SMS). In vitro experiments were performed to assess the in vitro gas production, digestibility, and fiber degradation of formulated total diets. Bioproducts presented high β-glucans (9.44---11.27 %) and protein (10.04---8.35 %) contents, as well as similar digestibility to conventional diets. SMS diet had the lowest methane and carbon dioxide (19.1 and 84.1 mM/g OM) production, and the SSF diet presented lower carbon dioxide production (98.9 mM/g OM) than other diets, whereas methane was similar. This study highlighted a sustainable use of byproducts for beef cattle diets, promising for digestibility, nutritional value, β-glucans incorporation, and environmental impact mitigation, favoring the circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaynã Gonçalves Timm
- Regional University of Blumenau, Environmental Engineering Graduate Program, Blumenau, Santa Catarina 89030-000, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Roberta Amâncio
- Institute of Animal Science, Beef Cattle Research Center, Sertãozinho, São Paulo 14160-970, Brazil.
| | - Kalista Eloisa Loregian
- Institute of Animal Science, Beef Cattle Research Center, Sertãozinho, São Paulo 14160-970, Brazil.
| | - Elaine Magnani
- Institute of Animal Science, Beef Cattle Research Center, Sertãozinho, São Paulo 14160-970, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Vieira Helm
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Research Center of Forestry, Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, Paraná 83411-000, Brazil.
| | - Edson Alves de Lima
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Research Center of Forestry, Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, Paraná 83411-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Renata Helena Branco
- Institute of Animal Science, Beef Cattle Research Center, Sertãozinho, São Paulo 14160-970, Brazil.
| | | | - Pedro Del Bianco Benedeti
- Santa Catarina State University, Department of Animal Sciences, Chapecó, Santa Catarina 89815-630, Brazil.
| | - Lorena Benathar Ballod Tavares
- Regional University of Blumenau, Environmental Engineering Graduate Program, Blumenau, Santa Catarina 89030-000, Brazil.
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Purnawita W, Rahayu WP, Lioe HN, Nurjanah S, Wahyudi ST. Potential molecular mechanism of reuterin on the inhibition of Aspergillus flavus conidial germination: An in silico study. J Food Sci 2024; 89:1167-1186. [PMID: 38193164 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Reuterin is a natural antifungal agent derived from certain strains of Limosilactobacillus reuteri. Our previous study revealed that 6 mM reuterin inhibited completely the conidial germination of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. This study investigated the potential molecular mechanism of reuterin in inhibiting A. flavus conidial germination, which was pre-assumed that it correlated to the inhibition of some essential enzyme activity involved in conidial germination, specifically 1,3-β-glucan synthase, chitin synthase, and catalases (catalase, bifunctional catalase-peroxidase, and spore-specific catalase). The complex of 1,3-β-glucan synthase and chitin synthase with reuterin had a lower binding affinity than that with the substrate. Conversely, the complex of catalases with reuterin had a higher binding affinity than that with the substrate. It was suggested that 1,3-β-glucan synthase and chitin synthase tended to bind the substrate rather than bind reuterin. In contrast, catalases tended to bind reuterin rather than bind the substrate. Therefore, reuterin could be a potential inhibitor of catalases but may not be an inhibitor of 1,3-β-glucan synthase and chitin synthase. In this in silico study, we predicted that the potential molecular mechanism of reuterin in inhibiting A. flavus conidial germination was due to the inhibition of catalases activities by competitively binding to the enzymes active sites, thus resulting in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in cells, leading to cells damage. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This in silico study revealed that reuterin is a potential inhibitor of catalases in A. flavus, thereby interfering with the antioxidant system during conidial germination. This finding shows that reuterin can be used as an antifungal agent in food or agricultural products, inhibiting conidial germination completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widiati Purnawita
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Winiati Pudji Rahayu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Hanifah Nuryani Lioe
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Siti Nurjanah
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Setyanto Tri Wahyudi
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
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Wang Y, Liu Z, Yin X, Liu S, Wang K, Wan R, Chen H, Li X, Huang B. Variation in Bombyx mori immune response against fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana with variability in cell wall β-1,3-glucan. Insect Sci 2024; 31:211-224. [PMID: 37350124 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungi are protected by a cell wall with dynamic structure for adapting to various environmental conditions. β-1,3-Glucan recognition proteins activate the innate immune system of insects by recognizing surface molecules of fungi. However, the associations between pathogenicity and the different components of entomopathogenic fungal cell walls remain unclear. Three Beauveria bassiana strains were selected that have significantly differing virulence against Bombyx mori. The molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response in B. mori were investigated using RNA sequencing, which revealed differences in the immune response to different B. bassiana strains at 12 h post-infection. Immunofluorescence assays revealed that β-1,3-glucan content had an opposite trend to that of fungal virulence. β-1,3-Glucan injection upregulated BmβGRP4 expression and significantly reduced the virulence of the high-virulence strain but not that of the medium-virulence or low-virulence strains. BmβGRP4 silencing in B. mori with RNA interference resulted in the opposite virulence pattern, indicating that the virulence of B. bassiana was affected by the cell walls' content of β-1,3-glucan, which could be recognized by BmβGRP4. Furthermore, interference with the gene CnA (calcineurin catalytic A subunit) involved in β-1,3-glucan synthesis eliminated differences in virulence between B. bassiana strains. These results indicate that strains of a single species of pathogenic fungi that have differing cell wall components are recognized differently by the innate immune system of B. mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuebing Yin
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shihong Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Rongjie Wan
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Zacharioudakis IM, Zervou FN, Marsh K, Siegfried J, Yang J, Decano A, Dubrovskaya Y, Mazo D, Aguero-Rosenfeld M. Utility of incorporation of beta-D-glucan and T2Candida testing for diagnosis and treatment of candidemia. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 108:116107. [PMID: 38071859 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The additive role of non-culture-based methods for the diagnosis of candidemia remains unknown. We evaluated 2 clinical practices followed in our hospitals for the diagnosis of candidemia, namely practice#1 including a combination of blood cultures and T2Candida, and practice#2 that also included Beta-D-glucan (BDG). Three out of 96 patients testing positive with practice#1 received a complete antifungal course. Of the 120 patients evaluated with practice#2, 29 were positive. Only 55.2% of those received a complete course. We observed significant differences in antifungal utilization, with 268.5 antifungal days/1000 patient-days for practice#1, as opposed to 371.9 days for practice#2, a nearly 40% difference. However, we found similar rates of antifungal discontinuation among negative patients at 3 days of testing (36.8% and 37.0% respectively). No differences were detected in death and/or subsequent diagnosis of candidemia. In summary, addition of BDG was interpreted variably by clinicians, was associated with an increase in antifungal utilization, and did not correlate with measurable clinical benefits for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis M Zacharioudakis
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Fainareti N Zervou
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kassandra Marsh
- Department of Pharmacy, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jenny Yang
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arnold Decano
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacy, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yanina Dubrovskaya
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacy, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dana Mazo
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Aguero-Rosenfeld
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Yazdanpanah S, Rahbarmah M, Motamedi M, Khodadadi H. Evaluation of the Performance of the Dynamiker Fungus (1-3)-β-D-Glucan and Fungitell Assay for Diagnosis of Candidemia: Need for New Cut-off Development and Test Validation. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 108:116118. [PMID: 37992564 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
(1-3)-Beta-D Glucan (BDG) detection has shown to be a highly effective tool to diagnose invasive fungal infections. Therefore, this study aimed to compare clinical characteristics of the Fungitell (FA) and Dynamiker Fungus (1-3)-β-D-Glucan assay (DFA) for the diagnosis of candidemia. Using DFA and FA, the BDG levels of 57 serum samples from case and control groups were determined. The kappa coefficient (κ) and Spearman's rank correlation (rs) were used to examine the consistency of assays on a quantitative and qualitative level, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 94.6 %, 65.0 %, and 87.7% for DFA, and 94.6 %, 75.0 %, and 89.4 % for FA, respectively. The performance of the DFA for the diagnosis of candidemia was highly consistent with that of the FA, both quantitatively (rs: 0.9) and qualitatively (kappa = 0.78). Collectively, the DFA assay performed excellently in comparison to the FA for the diagnosis of candidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Yazdanpanah
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Rahbarmah
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marjan Motamedi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Khodadadi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran..
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Latiyan S, Kumar TSS, Doble M. Functionally multifaceted alginate/curdlan/agarose-based bilayer fibro-porous dressings for addressing full-thickness diabetic wounds. Biomater Adv 2024; 157:213757. [PMID: 38198999 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Full-thickness diabetic wounds are chronic injuries characterized by bleeding, excessive exude, and prolonged inflammation. Single-layer dressings fail to address their disturbed pathophysiology. Therefore, bilayer dressings with structural and compositional differences in each layer have gained attention. We hypothesized that natural polymer (alginate, curdlan, and agarose) based bilayer dressings with inherent healing properties could effectively resolve these issues. Hence, bilayer dressings were fabricated by electrospinning curdlan/agarose/ polyvinyl alcohol blend (top layer) on an alginate/agarose/polyvinyl alcohol-based lyophilized porous (bottom) layer. Ciprofloxacin was incorporated in both layers as a potential antibacterial drug. The bilayer dressing exhibited high swelling (~1300 %), biocompatibility (>90 % with NIH 3T3 and L929 mouse fibroblasts), and hemocompatibility (hemolysis <5 %). In vitro, scratch assay revealed a faster wound closure (~ 95-100 %) than control. Inhibition zone assay revealed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Real-time (in vitro) gene expression experiments performed using human THP-1 macrophages exhibited a significant increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines (4.51 fold in IL-10) and a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines (1.42 fold in IL-6) in comparison to lipopolysaccharide. Thus, fabricated dressings with high swelling, hemostatic, immunomodulatory, and antibacterial characteristics can serve as potential multifunctional and sustainable templates for healing full-thickness diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Latiyan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - T S Sampath Kumar
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Mukesh Doble
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
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Tanaka N, Saito R, Kobayashi K, Nakai H, Kamo S, Kuramochi K, Taguchi H, Nakajima M, Masaike T. Functional and structural analysis of a cyclization domain in a cyclic β-1,2-glucan synthase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:187. [PMID: 38300345 PMCID: PMC10834661 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic β-1,2-glucan synthase (CGS) is a key enzyme in production of cyclic β-1,2-glucans (CβGs) which are involved in bacterial infection or symbiosis to host organisms. Nevertheless, a mechanism of cyclization, the final step in the CGS reaction, has not been fully understood. Here we performed functional and structural analyses of the cyclization domain of CGS alone from Thermoanaerobacter italicus (TiCGSCy). We first found that β-glucosidase-resistant compounds are produced by TiCGSCy with linear β-1,2-glucans as substrates. The 1H-NMR analysis revealed that these products are CβGs. Next, action pattern analyses using β-1,2-glucooligosaccharides revealed a unique reaction pattern: exclusive transglycosylation without hydrolysis and a hexasaccharide being the minimum length of the substrate. These analyses also showed that longer substrate β-1,2-glucooligosaccharides are preferred, being consistent with the fact that CGSs generally produce CβGs with degrees of polymerization of around 20. Finally, the overall structure of the cyclization domain of TiCGSCy was found to be similar to those of β-1,2-glucanases in phylogenetically different groups. Meanwhile, the identified catalytic residues indicated clear differences in the reaction pathways between these enzymes. Overall, we propose a novel reaction mechanism of TiCGSCy. Thus, the present group of CGSs defines a new glycoside hydrolase family, GH189. KEY POINTS: • It was clearly evidenced that cyclization domain alone produces cyclic β-1,2-glucans. • The domain exclusively catalyzes transglycosylation without hydrolysis. • The present catalytic domain defines as a new glycoside hydrolase family 189.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobukiyo Tanaka
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Ryotaro Saito
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kaito Kobayashi
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-Ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Shogo Kamo
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kouji Kuramochi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hayao Taguchi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakajima
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Masaike
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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Walsh TJ, Zhang SX. Emerging Roles of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan in Cerebrospinal Fluid for Detection and Therapeutic Monitoring of Invasive Fungal Diseases of the Central Nervous System. Clin Infect Dis 2024; 78:11-14. [PMID: 37650506 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Walsh
- Center for Innovative Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sean X Zhang
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Liu C, Zhang L, Zhang J, Wang M, You S, Su R, Qi W. Rational design of antibodies and development of a novel method for (1-3)-β-D glucan detection as an alternative to Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1322264. [PMID: 38328671 PMCID: PMC10847287 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1322264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
With advances in medicine, increasing medical interventions have increased the risk of invasive fungal disease development. (1-3)-β-D glucan (BDG) is a common fungal biomarker in serological tests. However, the scarcity of Limulus resources for BDG detection poses a challenge. This study addresses the need for an alternative to Limulus amebocyte lysate by using BDG mutant antibody for chemiluminescence detection. The wild-type BDG antibody was obtained by immunizing rabbits. An optimal V52HI/N34L Y mutant antibody, which has increased 3.7-fold of the testing efficiency compared to the wild-type antibody, was first achieved by mutating "hot-spot" residues that contribute to strong non-covalent bonds, as determined by alanine scanning and molecular dynamics simulation. The mutant was then applied to develop the magnetic particle chemiluminescence method. 574 clinical samples were tested using the developed method, with a cutoff value of 95 pg/mL set by Limulus amebocyte lysate. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.905 (95% CI: 0.880-0.929). Chemiluminescence detected an antigen concentration of 89.98 pg/mL, exhibiting a sensitivity of 83.33% and specificity of 89.76%. In conclusion, the results showed a good agreement with Limulus amebocyte lysate and demonstrated the feasibility of using BDG mutant antibodies for invasive fungal disease diagnosis. The new method based on chemiluminescence for detecting BDG could shorten the sample-to-result time to approximately 30 min, rescue Limulus from being endangered and is resource efficient in terms of equipment and the non-use of a skilled technician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlong Liu
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- R&D Department, Dynamiker Biotechnology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengping You
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongxin Su
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
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Kodentsova VM, Kosheleva OV, Vrzhesinskaya OA, Guseva GV, Zotov VA, Leonenko SN, Zhilinskaya NV. [Influence of the rat diet enrichment with oat β-gucans on the assimilation of B group vitamins, mineral elements and lipid metabolism]. Vopr Pitan 2024; 93:72-79. [PMID: 38555611 DOI: 10.33029/0042-8833-2024-93-1-72-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of oat β-glucans as ingredient of foods and dietary supplements, there is insufficient data on their effect on the metabolism of vitamins and minerals. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of including oat bran with a high content of β-glucans (β-glucan) in the diet on the absorption of micronutrients and lipid metabolism in growing rats deficient in vitamins D, group B and trace elements (iron, copper, zinc). Material and methods. After the development of micronutrient deficiency (for 23 days), in order to assess the effect of oat bran (5%) with a high content of β-glucans on the correction of the micronutrient status of growing male Wistar rats (with initial body weight of 70.7±0.7 g), the missing micronutrients were introduced in the semi-synthetic diet deficient in vitamins D, group B, iron, copper and zinc within 7 days either along with β-glucan (1.47%) or without its addition. Indicators of micronutrient sufficiency (riboflavin serum concentration, daily urinary excretion of thiamine, riboflavin and 4-pyridoxic acid, measured by fluorometric methods; serum concentration and urinary excretion of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, phosphorus, measured by the atomic absorption method or using standard methods on a biochemical analyzer) and the biochemical parameters of blood serum were compared with the parameters of rats adequately provided with all micronutrients throughout the experiment. Results. Replenishment of missing micronutrients in the diet of rats with deficiency in vitamins D and group B, iron, copper and zinc for 7 days led to the elimination of deficiency of vitamins B1, B2 and B6, regardless of the presence of β-glucans in the diet. At the same time, against the background of the presence of β-glucans in the feed, an increase in the absorption of iron was observed, as evidenced by an increase by 1.73 times in iron blood plasma level (р<0.05) and a tendency towards its urinary excretion decrease by 1.60 fold (р<0.10) compared to animals from the control group. Adding oat bran with β-glucans to the feed did not lead to a decrease in blood plasma level of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins cholesterol. The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides in rats of all three groups did not have statistically significant differences. Conclusion. The presence of β-glucans in the diet had virtually no effect on the absorption of B vitamins and improved the absorption of iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Kodentsova
- Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 634050, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - O V Kosheleva
- Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 634050, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - O A Vrzhesinskaya
- Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 634050, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - G V Guseva
- Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 634050, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - V A Zotov
- Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 634050, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - S N Leonenko
- Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 634050, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - N V Zhilinskaya
- Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 634050, Tomsk, Russian Federation
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Miśkiewicz K, Rosicka-Kaczmarek J, Kowalska G, Maher A, Oracz J. Effect of Oat Fiber Preparations with Different Contents of β-Glucan on the Formation of Acrylamide in Dietary Bread (Rusks). Molecules 2024; 29:306. [PMID: 38257219 PMCID: PMC10820551 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In the literature, there are few reports indicating hydrocolloids as a factor capable of reducing the amount of acrylamide formed in food. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine the ability of soluble oat fiber to reduce the amount of acrylamide formed in the process of obtaining rusks. The effect of the concentration of β-glucans in oat fiber preparations at 20% and 30% and the amount of preparations used at 10%, 15%, and 20% was investigated. On the basis of the obtained test results, it was shown that the most optimal concentration of oat fiber preparation in rusks recipe is at 15%, regardless of the content of β-glucan in it. This concentration makes it possible to reduce the amount of acrylamide formed in baked goods and rusks by ~70% and ~60%, respectively, while maintaining the desired physical and chemical properties of the product. In addition, it was shown that the browning index and water activity strongly correlate with the content of acrylamide in rusks, which makes them good markers of this compound in rusks. The use of hydrocolloids in the form of oat fiber preparations with different contents of β-glucan as a tool for reducing the amount of acrylamide in rusks, at the same time, offers the possibility of enriching these products with a soluble dietary fiber with health properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Miśkiewicz
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego Street 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (G.K.); (J.O.)
| | - Justyna Rosicka-Kaczmarek
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego Street 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (G.K.); (J.O.)
| | - Gabriela Kowalska
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego Street 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (G.K.); (J.O.)
| | - Agnieszka Maher
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska Street 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Oracz
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego Street 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (G.K.); (J.O.)
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Geng L, Li M, Xie S, Wang H, He X, Sun N, Zhang G, Ye L. HvBGlu3, a GH1 β-glucosidase enzyme gene, negatively influences β-glucan content in barley grains. Theor Appl Genet 2024; 137:14. [PMID: 38165440 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE HvBGlu3, a β-glucosidase enzyme gene, negatively influences β-glucan content in barley grains by mediating starch and sucrose metabolism in developing grains. Barley grains are rich in β-glucan, an important factor affecting end-use quality. Previously, we identified several stable marker-trait associations (MTAs) and novel candidate genes associated with β-glucan content in barley grains using GWAS (Genome Wide Association Study) analysis. The gene HORVU3Hr1G096910, encoding β-glucosidase 3, named HvBGlu3, is found to be associated with β-glucan content in barley grains. In this study, conserved domain analysis suggested that HvBGlu3 belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1). Gene knockout assay revealed that HvBGlu3 negatively influenced β-glucan content in barley grains. Transcriptome analysis of developing grains of hvbglu3 mutant and the wild type indicated that the knockout of the gene led to the increased expression level of genes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. Glucose metabolism analysis showed that the contents of many sugars in developing grains were significantly changed in hvbglu3 mutants. In conclusion, HvBGlu3 modulates β-glucan content in barley grains by mediating starch and sucrose metabolism in developing grains. The obtained results may be useful for breeders to breed elite barley cultivars for food use by screening barley lines with loss of function of HvBGlu3 in barley breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- La Geng
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mengdi Li
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shanggeng Xie
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Han Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinyi He
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Lingzhen Ye
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China.
- New Rural Development Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Yu H, Yang Z, Wei Y, Shi W, Zhu M, Liu L, Wang M, Wang Y, Zhu Q, Liang Z, Zhao W, Chen LA. Computed tomography-based radiomics improves non-invasive diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in non-HIV patients: a retrospective study. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:11. [PMID: 38167022 PMCID: PMC10762815 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02827-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) could be fatal to patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Current diagnostic methods are either invasive or inaccurate. We aimed to establish an accurate and non-invasive radiomics-based way to identify the risk of PCP infection in non-HIV patients with computed tomography (CT) manifestation of pneumonia. METHODS This is a retrospective study including non-HIV patients hospitalized for suspected PCP from January 2010 to December 2022 in one hospital. The patients were randomized in a 7:3 ratio into training and validation cohorts. Computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics features were extracted automatically and used to construct a radiomics model. A diagnostic model with traditional clinical and CT features was also built. The area under the curve (AUC) were calculated and used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the models. The combination of the radiomics features and serum β-D-glucan levels was also evaluated for PCP diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 140 patients (PCP: N = 61, non-PCP: N = 79) were randomized into training (N = 97) and validation (N = 43) cohorts. The radiomics model consisting of nine radiomic features performed significantly better (AUC = 0.954; 95% CI: 0.898-1.000) than the traditional model consisting of serum β-D-glucan levels (AUC = 0.752; 95% CI: 0.597-0.908) in identifying PCP (P = 0.002). The combination of radiomics features and serum β-D-glucan levels showed an accuracy of 95.8% for identifying PCP infection (positive predictive value: 95.7%, negative predictive value: 95.8%). CONCLUSIONS Radiomics showed good diagnostic performance in differentiating PCP from other types of pneumonia in non-HIV patients. A combined diagnostic method including radiomics and serum β-D-glucan has the potential to provide an accurate and non-invasive way to identify the risk of PCP infection in non-HIV patients with CT manifestation of pneumonia. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05701631).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhui Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjia Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Nutrition, the First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Miaoyu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-An Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Cao Z, Cao J, Vlasenko V, Bakumenko O, Li W. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of a beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein from oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2024; 115:e22068. [PMID: 38013606 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein (BGRP) is an important pattern recognition protein (PRP), which plays an important role in immune recognition and signaling pathway of insect innate immunity. Herein, a BGRP gene was obtained from the transcriptome of Grapholita molesta and its expression was verified by PCR. The full cDNA of the GmBGRP gene was 1691 bp encoding 486 amino acid residues. The calculated molecular mass of the mature protein was 54.83 kDa with an estimated pI of 6.14. The amino acid sequence of GmBGRP was highly homologous to BGRPs of other lepidopterans including Leguminivora glycinivorella BGRP-3. Expression profile of GmBGRP at different developmental stages and different tissues of 5th instar larvae showed that the expression level of this gene tends to slightly increase and then decrease at the adult stage, with the highest at the pupa stage; and mainly expressed in the epidermis, fat body and hemocytes compared with other tissues. In addition, we investigated the transcription levels of other immune-related genes, such as Serine-1, Serine-2, Serine-3, Serpin, SRCB (scavenger receptor gene), Toll, PPO (prophenoloxidase) upon GmBGRP gene silencing, indicating that GmBGRP expression is associated with immune responses of G. molesta. This was further supported by the upregulation of the mRNA level of GmBGRP following fungal infection. Taken together, these results provide experimental evidence for the role of GmBGRP gene in immune defense in G. molesta larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Cao
- International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Department of Plant Protection, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Jinjun Cao
- International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Volodymyr Vlasenko
- Department of Plant Protection, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Olha Bakumenko
- Department of Plant Protection, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Weihai Li
- International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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Zhang S, Yue M, Yu X, Wang S, Zhang J, Wang C, Ma C. Interaction between potato starch and barley β-glucan and its influence on starch pasting and gelling properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126840. [PMID: 37696374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between potato starch (PtS) and barley β-glucan (BBG) were investigated by preparing PtS-BBG mixtures, and the pasting, rheological, gelling and structural properties were evaluated. Rapid viscosity analysis suggested that BBG reduced the peak and breakdown viscosity, while increasing the setback viscosity of PtS. PtS-12%BBG showed the lowest leached amylose content (12.02 ± 0.36 %). The particle size distribution pattern of PtS was not changed with the addition of BBG, and the median diameter of PtS-12%BBG (88.21 ± 0.41 μm) was smaller than that of PtS (108.10 ± 6.26 μm). Rheological results showed that PtS and PtS-BBG gels exhibited weak gel behaviors, and BBG could remarkably affect the elastic and viscous modulus of PtS gels. Textural analysis suggested that the strength and hardness of PtS gels were increased when few BBG (<6 %, w/w) was present in the system. BBG improved the freeze-thaw stability of PtS gels. Structural analysis indicated that hydrogen bonds were the main force in the PtS-BBG systems. These results indicated that BBG interacted with starch via hydrogen bonds, which delayed starch gelatinization and improved gelling properties of PtS gels. Overall, this study gained insights into starch-polysaccharide interactions and revealed the possible applications of BBG in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Minghui Yue
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Sihua Wang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Chenjie Wang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Chengye Ma
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
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Raghavan K, Sivakumar T, Ichiyama K, Yamamoto N, Balamurugan M, Dedeepiya VD, Senthilkumar R, Preethy S, Abraham SJK. Efficacy of N-163 beta-glucan in beneficially improving biomarkers of relevance to muscle function in patients with muscular dystrophies in a pilot clinical study. Acta Myol 2023; 42:129-134. [PMID: 38406382 PMCID: PMC10883324 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Muscular dystrophies other than Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are genetic diseases characterized by increasing muscle weakness, loss of ambulation, and ultimately cardiac and respiratory failure. There are currently no effective therapeutics available. Having demonstrated the efficacy of a N-163 strain of Aureobasidium Pullulans (Neu-REFIX) produced B-1, 3-1,6-Glucan in pre-clinical and clinical studies of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) earlier, we assessed the effectiveness of this novel Beta glucan in the other muscular dystrophies in the present study. Methods In this 60-day study, six patients with muscular dystrophies other than DMD consumed one 8g gel of Neu-REFIX beta-glucan along with their usual standard of care treatment regimen, and their biomarkers of relevance to muscle function such as serum calcium (SC), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels along with functional improvement criteria, which is, Medical research council (MRC) scale and North Star Ambulatory assessment (NSAA), assessed at baseline and following the intervention. Results After the intervention, the SC levels significantly decreased from a mean baseline value of 9.28 mg/dL to 8.31 mg/dL (p-value = 0.02). With a p-value of 0.29, the mean CPK value dropped from 2192.33 IU/L to 1567.5 IU/L. Following the intervention, the ALP levels dropped from 200.33 to 75.5 U/L (p-value = 0.15). MRC scale improved in three out of six patients. NSAA remained stable. There were no adverse effects. Conclusion This study has proven the safety of Neu REFIX beta-glucan food supplement and its efficacy in improving both plasma biomarkers and functional parameters of muscle in a short duration of 2 months. Further validation by evaluation of muscle function for a longer duration is recommended to confirm the efficacy of Neu-REFIX food supplement as a potential adjuvant DMT in muscular dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadalraja Raghavan
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Jesuit Antonyraj memorial Inter-disciplinary Centre for Advanced Recovery and Education (JAICARE), Madurai, India
| | - Thanasekar Sivakumar
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Jesuit Antonyraj memorial Inter-disciplinary Centre for Advanced Recovery and Education (JAICARE), Madurai, India
| | - Koji Ichiyama
- Antony-Xavier Interdisciplinary Scholastics (AXIS), GN Corporation Co. Ltd., Kofu, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- National Centre for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | - Rajappa Senthilkumar
- Antony-Xavier Interdisciplinary Scholastics (AXIS), GN Corporation Co. Ltd., Kofu, Japan
- Fujio-Eiji Academic Terrain (FEAT), Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM), Chennai, India
| | - Senthilkumar Preethy
- Fujio-Eiji Academic Terrain (FEAT), Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM), Chennai, India
| | - Samuel JK Abraham
- Correspondence Samuel JK Abraham II Department of Surgery & CACR, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, 3-8, Wakamatsu, Kofu, 400-0866, Yamanashi, Japan Fax: +81-55-235-7569 E-mail:
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50
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Luo Z, Wang J, Pan Y, Gao P, Zhang H, Wang R. Protocol for preparation of LiCl-based ultra-hygroscopic curdlan heat exchanger for dehumidification. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102763. [PMID: 38060442 PMCID: PMC10749269 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Desiccant-coated heat exchangers provide a practical solution for the efficient removal of moisture from the air. Here, we present a protocol to synthesize an ultra-hygroscopic polymer to develop a LiCl loaded in curdlan hydrogel (LiCl@Cur)-coated heat exchanger for deep dehumidification. We describe steps for preparing the curdlan gel solution, hydrogel, LiCl solution, and LiCl@Cur. We then detail procedures for preparing curdlan-coated and LiCl@Cur-coated heat exchangers. The coated heat exchanger described in this protocol has a maximum dehumidification capacity of 12 g/kg. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Pan et al. (2023).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Luo
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jiayun Wang
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yu Pan
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Ruzhu Wang
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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