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Continuous enzymatic saccharification and its rheology profiling under high solids loading of lignocellulose biomass. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Climent Barba F, Rodríguez-Jasso RM, Sukumaran RK, Ruiz HA. High-solids loading processing for an integrated lignocellulosic biorefinery: Effects of transport phenomena and rheology - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:127044. [PMID: 35337992 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to present an analysis and discussion on the processing of lignocellulosic biomass in terms of biorefinery concept and circular bioeconomy operating at high solids lignocellulosic (above 15% [w/w]) at the pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis stage, and fermentation strategy for an integrated lignocellulosic bioprocessing. Studies suggest high solids concentration enzymatic hydrolysis for improved sugars yields and methods to overcome mass transport constraints. Rheological and computational fluid dynamics models of high solids operation through evaluation of mass and momentum transfer limitations are presented. Also, the review paper explores operational feeding strategies to obtain high ethanol concentration and conversion yield, from the hydrothermal pretreatment and investigates the impact of mass load over the operational techniques. Finally, this review contains a brief overview of some of the operations that have successfully scaled up and implemented high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis in terms of the biorefinery concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Climent Barba
- Centre for Doctoral Training in Bioenergy, School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; Institute of Process Research and Development, School of Chemistry and School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Rosa M Rodríguez-Jasso
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Rajeev K Sukumaran
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Héctor A Ruiz
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
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Effect of enzymes adsorption on enzymatic hydrolysis of coffee silverskin: Kinetic characterization and validation. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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da Silva AS, Espinheira RP, Teixeira RSS, de Souza MF, Ferreira-Leitão V, Bon EPS. Constraints and advances in high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass: a critical review. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:58. [PMID: 32211072 PMCID: PMC7092515 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01697-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The industrial production of sugar syrups from lignocellulosic materials requires the conduction of the enzymatic hydrolysis step at high-solids loadings (i.e., with over 15% solids [w/w] in the reaction mixture). Such conditions result in sugar syrups with increased concentrations and in improvements in both capital and operational costs, making the process more economically feasible. However, this approach still poses several technical hindrances that impact the process efficiency, known as the "high-solids effect" (i.e., the decrease in glucan conversion yields as solids load increases). The purpose of this review was to present the findings on the main limitations and advances in high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis in an updated and comprehensive manner. The causes for the rheological limitations at the onset of the high-solids operation as well as those influencing the "high-solids effect" will be discussed. The subject of water constraint, which results in a highly viscous system and impairs mixing, and by extension, mass and heat transfer, will be analyzed under the perspective of the limitations imposed to the action of the cellulolytic enzymes. The "high-solids effect" will be further discussed vis-à-vis enzymes end-product inhibition and the inhibitory effect of compounds formed during the biomass pretreatment as well as the enzymes' unproductive adsorption to lignin. This review also presents the scientific and technological advances being introduced to lessen high-solids hydrolysis hindrances, such as the development of more efficient enzyme formulations, biomass and enzyme feeding strategies, reactor and impeller designs as well as process strategies to alleviate the end-product inhibition. We surveyed the academic literature in the form of scientific papers as well as patents to showcase the efforts on technological development and industrial implementation of the use of lignocellulosic materials as renewable feedstocks. Using a critical approach, we expect that this review will aid in the identification of areas with higher demand for scientific and technological efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla Sant’Ana da Silva
- Biocatalysis Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20081-312 Brazil
- Bioethanol Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909 Brazil
| | - Roberta Pereira Espinheira
- Biocatalysis Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20081-312 Brazil
- Bioethanol Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909 Brazil
| | - Ricardo Sposina Sobral Teixeira
- Bioethanol Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909 Brazil
| | - Marcella Fernandes de Souza
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Viridiana Ferreira-Leitão
- Biocatalysis Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20081-312 Brazil
- Bioethanol Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909 Brazil
| | - Elba P. S. Bon
- Bioethanol Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909 Brazil
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Hou W, Bao J. Simultaneous saccharification and aerobic fermentation of high titer cellulosic citric acid by filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 253:72-78. [PMID: 29331516 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) is the most efficient operation in biorefining conversion, but aerobic SSF under high solids loading significantly faces the serious oxygen transfer limitation. This study took the first insight into an aerobic SSF by high oxygen demanding filamentous fungi in highly viscous lignocellulose hydrolysate. The results show that oxygen requirement in the aerobic SSF by Aspergillus niger was well satisfied for production of cellulosic citric acid. The record high citric acid titer of 136.3 g/L and the overall conversion yield of 74.9% of cellulose were obtained by the aerobic SSF. The advantage of SSF to the separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) on citric acid fermentation was compared based on the rigorous Aspen Plus modeling. The techno-economic analysis indicates that the minimum citric acid selling price (MCSP) of $0.603 per kilogram by SSF was highly competitive with the commercial citric acid from starch feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jie Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Liu G, Bao J. Maximizing cellulosic ethanol potentials by minimizing wastewater generation and energy consumption: Competing with corn ethanol. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:18-26. [PMID: 28892688 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Energy consumption and wastewater generation in cellulosic ethanol production are among the determinant factors on overall cost and technology penetration into fuel ethanol industry. This study analyzed the energy consumption and wastewater generation by the new biorefining process technology, dry acid pretreatment and biodetoxification (DryPB), as well as by the current mainstream technologies. DryPB minimizes the steam consumption to 8.63GJ and wastewater generation to 7.71tons in the core steps of biorefining process for production of one metric ton of ethanol, close to 7.83GJ and 8.33tons in corn ethanol production, respectively. The relatively higher electricity consumption is compensated by large electricity surplus from lignin residue combustion. The minimum ethanol selling price (MESP) by DryPB is below $2/gal and falls into the range of corn ethanol production cost. The work indicates that the technical and economical gap between cellulosic ethanol and corn ethanol has been almost filled up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jie Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Liu G, Zhang Q, Li H, Qureshi AS, Zhang J, Bao X, Bao J. Dry biorefining maximizes the potentials of simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation for cellulosic ethanol production. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 115:60-69. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Hongxing Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, Department of Bioengineering; Qilu University of Technology; Shandong China
| | - Abdul S. Qureshi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Xiaoming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science; Shandong University; Shandong China
| | - Jie Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
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