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Subramaniam D, Sekaran S. In Vitro Biocompatibility Assessment of a Novel Membrane Containing Magnesium-Chitosan/Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Alginate Intended for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Cureus 2024; 16:e54597. [PMID: 38523973 PMCID: PMC10959466 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is an emerging interdisciplinary field that aims to develop new strategies and materials for repairing, regenerating, or replacing damaged bone tissues. This field combines engineering, biology, and medicine principles to create functional bone tissues in the laboratory and in vivo. The main goal of BTE is to create biological substitutes that mimic the structure, function, and properties of natural bone tissue, thereby promoting the regeneration of bone defects caused by trauma, disease, or aging. In this study, we developed a biocomposite membrane using magnesium-chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, and alginate through a simple cast drying method. The biocompatibility of the membrane was evaluated using human osteoblastic cells, and it was found to be nontoxic to these cells. Both metabolic activity measurements (24 and 48 hours) and the lactate dehydrogenase release assay (72 hours) indicated that the membrane was biocompatible and did not exert significant toxic effects. These results suggest that the developed biocomposite membrane has the potential to be used as a safe and effective biomaterial for various biomedical applications, such as BTE, wound healing, and drug delivery. Further studies are warranted to explore the full potential of this membrane and its performance in different biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Subramaniam
- General Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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2
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Signorini L, Marenzi G, Facente A, Marrelli B, Marano RM, Valletta A, Pacifici L, Gasparro R, Sammartino G, Severino M. Critical Overview on Pure Chitosan-based Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: Clinical insights in Dentistry. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:1527-1534. [PMID: 37859701 PMCID: PMC10583188 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.87978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE) is a field of regenerative medicine continuously improving, thanks to the development of new biomaterials used as grafts or scaffolds for repairing bone defects. In recent years, chitosan, a natural biopolymer extracted mainly from crustacean shells, has demonstrated unique and desirable characteristics for BTE applications, such as: biocompatibility, biodegradability, and osteoconductive behavior. Additionally, the presence of numerous active amine groups in its chemical structure allows it to be easily modified. Data suggest that chitosan scaffolds are highly biomimetic, and show an interesting bioactivity, and antibacterial behavior. We have demonstrated, in a critical overview, how chitosan-based scaffolds may hold great interest for BTE applications in medical and dental applications. Future research should be focused on the use of chitosan-scaffolds combined with other biomaterials or bioactive molecules, to increase their overall regenerative potential, also in critical-sized defects. In conclusion, chitosan can be considered a promising biomaterial in BTE and clinical dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Signorini
- Saint Camillus University of Health Science, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Marenzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Postgraduate School of Oral Surgery, University “Federico II” of Naples, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anastasia Facente
- Tecnologica Research Institute - Marrelli Health, 88900 Crotone, Italy
| | | | - Rosa Maria Marano
- Tecnologica Research Institute - Marrelli Health, 88900 Crotone, Italy
| | - Alessandra Valletta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Postgraduate School of Oral Surgery, University “Federico II” of Naples, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Pacifici
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00195 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Gasparro
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Postgraduate School of Oral Surgery, University “Federico II” of Naples, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gilberto Sammartino
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Postgraduate School of Oral Surgery, University “Federico II” of Naples, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Severino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Italy
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3
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Safiaghdam H, Nokhbatolfoghahaei H, Farzad-Mohajeri S, Dehghan MM, Farajpour H, Aminianfar H, Bakhtiari Z, Jabbari Fakhr M, Hosseinzadeh S, Khojasteh A. 3D-printed MgO nanoparticle loaded polycaprolactone β-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:322-339. [PMID: 36334300 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) plays an important role in controlling bone apatite structure and density and is a potential bioactive material in repairing critical-sized bone defects. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of adding NanoMgO to polycaprolactone/beta-tricalcium phosphate (PCL/β-TCP) scaffolds on bone regeneration. Novel 3D-printed porous PCL/β-TCP composite scaffolds containing 10% nanoMgO were fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM) and compared with PCL/β-TCP (1:1) scaffolds (control). The morphology and physicochemical properties of the scaffolds were characterized by ATR-FTIR, XRD, scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), transmission-electron-microscopy (TEM), water contact angle, and compressive strength tests and correlated to its cytocompatibility and osteogenic capacity in-vitro. To evaluate in-vivo osteogenic capacity, bone-marrow-derived stem cell (BMSC)-loaded scaffolds were implanted into 8 mm rat critical-sized calvarial defects for 12 weeks. The hydrophilic scaffolds showed 50% porosity (pore size = 504 μm). MgO nanoparticles (91.5 ± 27.6 nm) were homogenously dispersed and did not adversely affect BMSCs' viability and differentiation. Magnesium significantly increased elastic modulus, pH, and degradation. New bone formation (NBF) in Micro-CT was 30.16 ± 0.31% and 23.56 ± 1.76% in PCL/β-TCP/nanoMgO scaffolds with and without BMSCs respectively, and 19.38 ± 2.15% and 15.75 ± 2.24% in PCL/β-TCP scaffolds with and without BMSCs respectively. Angiogenesis was least remarkable in PCL/β-TCP compared with other groups (p < .05). Our results suggest that the PCL/β-TCP/nanoMgO scaffold is a more suitable bone substitute compared to PCL/β-TCP in critical-sized calvarial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannaneh Safiaghdam
- Student Research Committee, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Farzad-Mohajeri
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hekmat Farajpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Aminianfar
- Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Bakhtiari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoumeh Jabbari Fakhr
- Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Simzar Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Khojasteh
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery/University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Additive Manufacturing of Polymer/Mg-Based Composites for Porous Tissue Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245460. [PMID: 36559829 PMCID: PMC9783552 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their commercial availability, superior processability, and biocompatibility, polymers are frequently used to build three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds. The main issues limiting the widespread clinical use of monophasic polymer scaffolds in the bone healing process are their inadequate mechanical strength and inappropriate biodegradation. Due to their mechanical strength and biocompatibility, metal-based scaffolds have been used for various bone regenerative applications. However, due to the mismatch in mechanical properties and nondegradability, they lack integration with the host tissues, resulting in the production of fiber tissue and the release of toxic ions, posing a risk to the durability of scaffolds. Due to their natural degradability in the body, Mg and its alloys increasingly attract attention for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications. Incorporating Mg micro-nano-scale particles into biodegradable polymers dramatically improves scaffolds and implants' strength, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Polymer biodegradable implants also improve the quality of life, particularly for an aging society, by eliminating the secondary surgery often needed to remove permanent implants and significantly reducing healthcare costs. This paper reviews the suitability of various biodegradable polymer/Mg composites for bone tissue scaffolds and then summarizes the current status and challenges of polymer/magnesium composite scaffolds. In addition, this paper reviews the potential use of 3D printing, which has a unique design capability for developing complex structures with fewer material waste at a faster rate, and with a personalized and on-site fabrication possibility.
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Fattah-alhosseini A, Chaharmahali R, Rajabi A, Babaei K, Kaseem M. Performance of PEO/Polymer Coatings on the Biodegradability, Antibacterial Effect and Biocompatibility of Mg-Based Materials. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040267. [PMID: 36547527 PMCID: PMC9781375 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloys have recently attracted attention in biomedicine as biodegradable materials with non-toxic degradable products. Such compounds have become a frontier in the study of biodegradable materials because of their remarkable biomechanical compatibility and superior biocompatibility. The use of Mg-based implants reduces the negative consequences of permanent biological implants by eliminating the necessity for biomaterial surgery following the healing process. However, the quick deterioration, formation of considerable gas of hydrogen volumes and a rise in the body environment pH are obstacles in the application of Mg as an implant material. Hence, compelling advances for erosion resistance and biocompatibility of magnesium and its alloys are noteworthy. Surface modification may be a practical approach because it improves the erosion resistance compared with extensive preparation of a treated surface for progressed bone recovery and cell attachment. Coating produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) seems a compelling method in order to enhance magnesium and the properties of its alloys. PEO-formed coatings cannot provide long-term protection in the physiological environment due to their porous nature. Thus, a polymer coating is applied on the porous PEO-formed coating, which is steadily applied on the surface. Polymer coatings improve the biocompatibility properties of Mg and its alloys and increase corrosion resistance. In this article, the most recent advancements in PEO/polymer composite coatings are reviewed, and the biocompatibility of such coatings is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Fattah-alhosseini
- Department of Materials Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65178-38695, Iran
- Correspondence: (A.F.-a.); (M.K.)
| | - Razieh Chaharmahali
- Department of Materials Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65178-38695, Iran
| | - Armin Rajabi
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Kazem Babaei
- Department of Materials Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65178-38695, Iran
| | - Mosab Kaseem
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (A.F.-a.); (M.K.)
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6
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Gupta M, Sharma A, Beniwal CS, Tyagi P. Curcumin coated 3D biocomposite scaffolds based on chitosan and cellulose for diabetic wound healing. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11442. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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7
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Li Z, Baig A, Shahidi K, Hudson A, Roth L, Hatahet M, Wang X. Pervaporative desalination of high salinity water using chitosan‐based thin film composite membranes. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhelun Li
- Imtex Membranes Corp. Mississauga Ontario Canada
| | - Absar Baig
- Imtex Membranes Corp. Mississauga Ontario Canada
| | | | | | - Leah Roth
- Imtex Membranes Corp. Mississauga Ontario Canada
| | | | - Xuezhen Wang
- Imtex Membranes Corp. Mississauga Ontario Canada
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Zakhireh S, Barar J, Adibkia K, Beygi-Khosrowshahi Y, Fathi M, Omidain H, Omidi Y. Bioactive Chitosan-Based Organometallic Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:13. [PMID: 35149879 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00364-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Captivating achievements in developing advanced hybrid biostructures through integrating natural biopolymers with inorganic materials (e.g., metals and metalloids) have paved the way towards the application of bioactive organometallic scaffolds (OMSs) in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). Of various biopolymers, chitosan (CS) has been used widely for the development of bioactive OMSs, in large part due to its unique characteristics (e.g., biocompatibility, biodegradability, surface chemistry, and functionalization potential). In integration with inorganic elements, CS has been used to engineer advanced biomimetic matrices to accommodate both embedded cells and drug molecules and serve as scaffolds in TERM. The use of the CS-based OMSs is envisioned to provide a new pragmatic potential in TERM and even in precision medicine. In this review, we aim to elaborate on recent achievements in a variety of CS/metal, CS/metalloid hybrid scaffolds, and discuss their applications in TERM. We also provide comprehensive insights into the formulation, surface modification, characterization, biocompatibility, and cytotoxicity of different types of CS-based OMSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Zakhireh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Younes Beygi-Khosrowshahi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Fathi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Omidain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA.
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Hong Q, Zhou H, Cheng Y, Yang M, Zhang Q, Liu S, Xiong Q, Pan C. Synthesis of Star 6-Arm Polyethylene Glycol-Heparin Copolymer to Construct Anticorrosive and Biocompatible Coating on Magnesium Alloy Surface. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:853487. [PMID: 35223805 PMCID: PMC8865805 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.853487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium alloy has become a research hotspot of the degradable vascular stent materials due to its biodegradability and excellent mechanical properties. However, its rapid degradation rate after implantation and the limited biocompatibility restrict its application in clinic. Constructing a multifunctional bioactive polymer coating on the magnesium alloys represents one of the popular and effective approaches to simultaneously improve the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. In the present study, the copolymer of 6-arm polyethylene glycol and heparin (PEG-Hep) was successfully synthesized and then immobilized on the surface of chitosan (Chi)-modified magnesium alloy surface through electrostatic interaction to improve the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. The results of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy showed that a dense and compact coating was created on the magnesium alloy surface. The coating displayed excellent hydrophilicity. At the same time, the as-prepared coating can significantly not only improve the corrosion potential, reduce the corrosion current and the pH changes of the immersion solution, but also keep a relatively intact surface morphology after immersing in simulated body fluid solution for 14 days, demonstrating that the coating can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy. Moreover, the magnesium alloy with PEG-Hep coating exhibited excellent hemocompatibility according to the results of the hemolysis rate and platelet adhesion and activation. In addition, the modified magnesium alloy had a good ability to promote the endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation. Therefore, the PEG-Hep multifunctional coating can be applied in the surface modification of the biodegradable magnesium alloy stent to simultaneously improve the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Hong
- Faculty of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Advanced Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, China
| | - Hualan Zhou
- The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Yuxin Cheng
- Faculty of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Advanced Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, China
| | - Minhui Yang
- Faculty of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Advanced Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, China
| | - Qiuyang Zhang
- Faculty of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Advanced Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, China
| | - Sen Liu
- Faculty of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Advanced Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, China
| | - Qingping Xiong
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, China
| | - Changjiang Pan
- Faculty of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Advanced Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Changjiang Pan,
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10
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Xiong Chang X, Mujawar Mubarak N, Ali Mazari S, Sattar Jatoi A, Ahmad A, Khalid M, Walvekar R, Abdullah E, Karri RR, Siddiqui M, Nizamuddin S. A review on the properties and applications of chitosan, cellulose and deep eutectic solvent in green chemistry. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Zhang ZQ, Yang YX, Li JA, Zeng RC, Guan SK. Advances in coatings on magnesium alloys for cardiovascular stents - A review. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4729-4757. [PMID: 34136723 PMCID: PMC8166647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys, as potential biodegradable materials, have drawn wide attention in the cardiovascular stent field because of their appropriate mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the occurrence of thrombosis, inflammation, and restenosis of implanted Mg alloy stents caused by their poor corrosion resistance and insufficient endothelialization restrains their anticipated clinical applications. Numerous surface treatment tactics have mainly striven to modify the Mg alloy for inhibiting its degradation rate and enduing it with biological functionality. This review focuses on highlighting and summarizing the latest research progress in functionalized coatings on Mg alloys for cardiovascular stents over the last decade, regarding preparation strategies for metal oxide, metal hydroxide, inorganic nonmetallic, polymer, and their composite coatings; and the performance of these strategies in regulating degradation behavior and biofunction. Potential research direction is also concisely discussed to help guide biological functionalized strategies and inspire further innovations. It is hoped that this review can give assistance to the surface modification of cardiovascular Mg-based stents and promote future advancements in this emerging research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Qi Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering & Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy & Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Yong-Xin Yang
- School of Material Science and Engineering & Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy & Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Jing-An Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering & Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy & Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Rong-Chang Zeng
- Corrosion Laboratory for Light Metals, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Shao-Kang Guan
- School of Material Science and Engineering & Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy & Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
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12
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Liu M, Wang R, Liu J, Zhang W, Liu Z, Lou X, Nie H, Wang H, Mo X, Abd-Elhamid AI, Zheng R, Wu J. Incorporation of magnesium oxide nanoparticles into electrospun membranes improves pro-angiogenic activity and promotes diabetic wound healing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 133:112609. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Youssef JR, Boraie NA, Ibrahim HF, Ismail FA, El-Moslemany RM. Glibenclamide Nanocrystal-Loaded Bioactive Polymeric Scaffolds for Skin Regeneration: In Vitro Characterization and Preclinical Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1469. [PMID: 34575545 PMCID: PMC8469322 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin restoration following full-thickness injury poses significant clinical challenges including inflammation and scarring. Medicated scaffolds formulated from natural bioactive polymers present an attractive platform for promoting wound healing. Glibenclamide was formulated in collagen/chitosan composite scaffolds to fulfill this aim. Glibenclamide was forged into nanocrystals with optimized colloidal properties (particle size of 352.2 nm, and polydispersity index of 0.29) using Kolliphor as a stabilizer to allow loading into the hydrophilic polymeric matrix. Scaffolds were prepared by the freeze drying method using different total polymer contents (3-6%) and collagen/chitosan ratios (0.25-2). A total polymer content of 3% at a collagen/chitosan ratio of 2:1 (SCGL3-2) was selected based on the results of in vitro characterization including the swelling index (1095.21), porosity (94.08%), mechanical strength, rate of degradation and in vitro drug release. SCGL3-2 was shown to be hemocompatible based on the results of protein binding, blood clotting and percentage hemolysis assays. In vitro cell culture studies on HSF cells demonstrated the biocompatibility of nanocrystals and SCGL3-2. In vivo studies on a rat model of a full-thickness wound presented rapid closure with enhanced histological and immunohistochemical parameters, revealing the success of the scaffold in reducing inflammation and promoting wound healing without scar formation. Hence, SCGL3-2 could be considered a potential dermal substitute for skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie R. Youssef
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21523, Egypt; (J.R.Y.); (N.A.B.); (F.A.I.)
| | - Nabila A. Boraie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21523, Egypt; (J.R.Y.); (N.A.B.); (F.A.I.)
| | - Heba F. Ibrahim
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21523, Egypt;
| | - Fatma A. Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21523, Egypt; (J.R.Y.); (N.A.B.); (F.A.I.)
| | - Riham M. El-Moslemany
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21523, Egypt; (J.R.Y.); (N.A.B.); (F.A.I.)
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14
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Hamghavandi MR, Montazeri A, Ahmadi Daryakenari A, Pishvaei M. Preparation and characterization of chitosan/graphene oxide nanocomposite coatings on Mg-2 wt% Zn scaffold by pulse electrodeposition process. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34416738 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac1f9f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mg and its alloys are biodegradable and mechanically strong materials, which can be used for an orthopedic implant and device applications, but corrosion rate of these alloys is high. In this research, the nanocomposite coatings of chitosan (CS)/graphene oxide (GO) were fabricated to improve the corrosion resistance of the Mg-2 wt% Zn scaffold. The contents of the GO nanosheets and the pulse electrodeposition process parameters, including peak current density (CD) and duty cycle (DC), will also be investigated. The Mg-2 wt% Zn as a substrate of the scaffold was prepared using a powder metallurgy process. The influence of the porosity was studied on the microstructure fabricated scaffolds. The coating microstructures and morphologies were investigated by Raman spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and SEM. The atomic force microscopy was performed to study the thickness of the nanocomposite coatings. The zeta potential measurement was conducted for the dispersion of the GO nanosheets in the CS matrix. The obtained results showed that the optimum conditions to fabricate a uniform CS/GO coating on the scaffolds were 2 wt% GO, CD = 20 mA cm-2, and DC = 0.5. The pH, time and temperature for the fabrication of the coatings were conducted at 5, 20 min, and 37 °C, respectively. Additionally, the potentiodynamic polarization measurement in simulated body fluid indicated that the CS/GO coatings could provide effective protection of the scaffolds against corrosion. Additionally, the optimum sample obtained from the aspect of the corrosion behavior demonstrated adequate biocompatibility with proper adhesion of mouse fibroblast cells (L929) on the CS-2 wt% GO coating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arash Montazeri
- Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Jin X, Fu Q, Gu Z, Zhang Z, Lv H. Chitosan/PDLLA-PEG-PDLLA solution preparation by simple stirring and formation into a hydrogel at body temperature for whole wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:787-796. [PMID: 34144069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Various chitosan (CS)-based dressings are used for wound treatment in clinical settings. Dressings that can be easily prepared and conveniently applied to treat wounds are highly desirable. In this study, a hybrid hydrogel was prepared using CS and poly (D,l-lactide)-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (D,l-lactide) (PPP) through a simple process for convenient application. The optimal formula included a 7% CS PPP micellar solution, exhibiting excellent liquidity and allowing optional application as a spray. Molecular dynamic simulations indicated that CS and PPP established interactions via H-bonds and formed a long-chain complex, easily forming a hydrogel. Upon application, it rapidly transformed into a hydrogel and tightly adhered to the skin, forming a hemostatic (decreased 53.4%) and antibacterial (increased to about 90%) barrier, demonstrating accelerated wound healing (58.0%). This simple CS hybrid hydrogel can be easily prepared and applied and has potential applicability in clinical wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Suqian First Hospital, 120 Suzhi road, Suqian 223800, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zehui Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhenhai Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Shizijie, Nanjing 210000, China.
| | - Huixia Lv
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Guastaferro M, Reverchon E, Baldino L. Polysaccharide-Based Aerogel Production for Biomedical Applications: A Comparative Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1631. [PMID: 33810582 PMCID: PMC8037187 DOI: 10.3390/ma14071631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A comparative analysis concerning bio-based gels production, to be used for tissue regeneration, has been performed in this review. These gels are generally applied as scaffolds in the biomedical field, thanks to their morphology, low cytotoxicity, and high biocompatibility. Focusing on the time interval 2015-2020, the production of 3D scaffolds of alginate, chitosan and agarose, for skin and bone regeneration, has mainly been investigated. Traditional techniques are critically reviewed to understand their limitations and how supercritical CO2-assisted processes could overcome these drawbacks. In particular, even if freeze-drying represents the most widespread drying technique used to produce polysaccharide-based cryogels, supercritical CO2-assisted drying effectively allows preservation of the nanoporous aerogel structure and removes the organic solvent used for gel preparation. These characteristics are essential for cell adhesion and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucia Baldino
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (M.G.); (E.R.)
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17
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Liang Q, Ge S, Liu C, Quan X, Tan B, Xu K, Zou H. The effect of composite PHB coating on the biological properties of a magnesium based alloy. J Biomater Appl 2021; 35:1264-1274. [PMID: 33632006 DOI: 10.1177/0885328221998040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium alloys have been widely investigated as biodegradable cardiovascular temporal implants due to their better mechanical properties and biocompatibility, but the rapid degradation limited its application. In this study, the anodic oxidation-Cu structure was used to improve the adhesive strength and stability between poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and magnesium alloys, and the effects of anodic oxidation magnesium alloys with copper film and PHB film (MACP) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), blood compatibility and antibacterial properties were investigated in this research. As the result, the MACP structure had a stable structure and better corrosion resistance, and significant antibacterial properties. The coating would not affect the original excellent biocompatibility of the magnesium alloy. It was indicated that MACP was a potential surface modification strategy for vascular stents candidate material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Liang
- Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuping Ge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing University of Technology Chongqing, China
| | - Chenyu Liu
- Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuejun Quan
- Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Binbin Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Xu
- China Coal Mining Group Chongqing Research Institute Co. LTD., Chongqing, China
| | - Hanyan Zou
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
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Kumar P, Pillay V, Choonara YE. Macroporous chitosan/methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) based cryosponges with unique morphology for tissue engineering applications. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3104. [PMID: 33542336 PMCID: PMC7862315 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional porous scaffolds are widely employed in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for their ability to carry bioactives and cells; and for their platform properties to allow for bridging-the-gap within an injured tissue. This study describes the effect of various methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG) derivatives (mPEG (-OCH3 functionality), mPEG-aldehyde (mPEG-CHO) and mPEG-acetic acid (mPEG-COOH)) on the morphology and physical properties of chemically crosslinked, semi-interpenetrating polymer network (IPN), chitosan (CHT)/mPEG blend cryosponges. Physicochemical and molecular characterization revealed that the –CHO and –COOH functional groups in mPEG derivatives interacted with the –NH2 functionality of the chitosan chain. The distinguishing feature of the cryosponges was their unique morphological features such as fringe thread-, pebble-, curved quartz crystal-, crystal flower-; and canyon-like structures. The morphological data was well corroborated by the image processing data and physisorption curves corresponding to Type II isotherm with open hysteresis loops. Functionalization of mPEG had no evident influence on the macro-mechanical properties of the cryosponges but increased the matrix strength as determined by the rheomechanical analyses. The cryosponges were able to deliver bioactives (dexamethasone and curcumin) over 10 days, showed varied matrix degradation profiles, and supported neuronal cells on the matrix surface. In addition, in silico simulations confirmed the compatibility and molecular stability of the CHT/mPEG blend compositions. In conclusion, the study confirmed that significant morphological variations may be induced by minimal functionalization and crosslinking of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa.
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Fe/Mg-Modified Carbonate Apatite with Uniform Particle Size and Unique Transport Protein-Related Protein Corona Efficiently Delivers Doxorubicin into Breast Cancer Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10050834. [PMID: 32349272 PMCID: PMC7712760 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the abnormal, uncontrollable proliferation of cells in the breast. Conventional treatment modalities like chemotherapy induce deteriorating side effects on healthy cells. Non-viral inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) confer exclusive characteristics, such as, stability, controllable shape and size, facile surface modification, and unique magnetic and optical properties which make them attractive drug carriers. Among them, carbonate apatite (CA) particles are pH-responsive in nature, enabling rapid intracellular drug release, but are typically heterogeneous with the tendency to self-aggregate. Here, we modified the nano-carrier by partially substituting Ca2+ with Mg2+ and Fe3+ into a basic lattice structure of CA, forming Fe/Mg-carbonate apatite (Fe/Mg-CA) NPs with the ability to mitigate self-aggregation, form unique protein corona in the presence of serum and efficiently deliver doxorubicin (DOX), an anti-cancer drug into breast cancer cells. Two formulations of Fe/Mg-CA NPs were generated by adding different concentrations of Fe3+ and Mg2+ along with a fixed amount of Ca2+ in bicarbonate buffered DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium), followed by 30 min incubation at 37 °C. Particles were characterized by turbidity analysis, z-average diameter and zeta potential measurement, optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), pH dissolution, drug binding, cellular uptake, thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, stability analysis, and protein corona study by LCMS (Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry). Both formulations of Fe/Mg-CA displayed mostly uniform nano-sized particles with less tendency to aggregate. The EDX and FAAS elemental analysis confirmed the weight (%) of Ca, Fe and Mg, along with their Ca/P ratio in the particles. A constant drug binding efficiency was noticed with 5 μM to 10 μM of initial DOX concentration. A pH dissolution study of Fe/Mg-CA NPs revealed the quick release of DOX in acidic pH. Enhancement of cytotoxicity for the chemotherapy drug was greater for Fe/Mg-CA NPs as compared to CA NPs, which could be explained by an increase in cellular internalization as a result of the small z-average diameter of the former. The protein corona study by LCMS demonstrated that Fe/Mg-CA NPs exhibited the highest affinity towards transport proteins without binding with opsonins. Biodistribution study was performed to study the effect of DOX-loaded Fe/Mg-CA NPs on the tissue distribution of DOX in Balb/c 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Both formulations of Fe/Mg-CA NPs have significantly increased the accumulation of DOX in tumors. Interestingly, high Fe/Mg-CA NPs exhibited less off-target distribution compared to low Fe/Mg-CA NPs. Furthermore, the blood plasma analysis revealed prolonged blood circulation half-life of DOX-loaded low and high Fe/Mg-CA NPs compared to free DOX solution. Modifying CA NPs with Fe3+ and Mg2+, thereby, led to the generation of nano-sized particles with less tendency to aggregate, enhancing the drug binding efficiency, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity without hampering drug release in acidic pH, while improving the circulation half-life and tumor accumulation of DOX. Therefore, Fe/Mg-CA which predominantly forms a transport protein-related protein corona could be a proficient carrier for therapeutic delivery in breast cancer.
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H. M. Nascimento M, T. Pelegrino M, C. Pieretti J, B. Seabra A. How can nitric oxide help osteogenesis? AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2020003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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21
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Antimicrobial Films Based on Nanocomposites of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Graphene Oxide for Biomedical Applications. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9030109. [PMID: 30889930 PMCID: PMC6468879 DOI: 10.3390/biom9030109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, tissue regeneration is one of the greatest challenges in the field of medicine, since it represents hope after accidents or illnesses. Tissue engineering is the science based on improving or restoring tissues and organs. In this work, five formulations of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CS/PVA/GO) nanocomposites were studied for the development of biodegradable films with potential biomedical applications. The characterization of the films consisted of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The antibacterial activity was evaluated in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli, by contact of the film above inoculum bacterial in Müeller⁻Hinton agar. On the other hand, in vivo tests in which the material implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of Wistar rats demonstrated that the formulation CS/PVA/GO (14.25:85:0.75) was the best antibacterial film with adequate degradation in vivo. All together, these results indicate the potential of the films using nanocomposites of CS/PVA/GO in tissue engineering and cell regeneration.
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Chitosan and its derivatives: synthesis, biotechnological applications, and future challenges. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:1557-1571. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9550-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Shariatinia Z. Pharmaceutical applications of chitosan. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 263:131-194. [PMID: 30530176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a linear polysaccharide which is achieved by deacetylation of chitin, which is the second most plentiful compound in nature, after cellulose. It is a linear copolymer of β-(1 → 4)-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranose and 2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranose. It has appreciated properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, nontoxicity, high bioavailability, simplicity of modification, favorable permselectivity of water, outstanding chemical resistance, capability to form films, gels, nanoparticles, microparticles and beads as well as affinity to metals, proteins and dyes. Also, the biodegradable CS is broken down in the human body to safe compounds (amino sugars) which are easily absorbed. At present, CS and its derivatives are broadly investigated in numerous pharmaceutical and medical applications including drug/gene delivery, wound dressings, implants, contact lenses, tissue engineering and cell encapsulation. Besides, CS has several OH and NH2 functional groups which allow protein binding. CS with a deacetylation degree of ~50% is soluble in aqueous acidic environment. While CS is dissolved in acidic medium, its amino groups in the polymeric chains are protonated and it becomes cationic which allows its strong interaction with different kinds of molecules. It is believed that this positive charge is responsible for the antimicrobial activity of CS through the interaction with the negatively charged cell membranes of microorganisms. This review presents properties and numerous applications of chitosan-based compounds in drug delivery, gene delivery, cell encapsulation, protein binding, tissue engineering, preparation of implants and contact lenses, wound healing, bioimaging, antimicrobial food additives, antibacterial food packaging materials and antibacterial textiles. Moreover, some recent molecular dynamics simulations accomplished on the pharmaceutical applications of chitosan were presented.
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Thomas MS, Koshy RR, Mary SK, Thomas S, A. Pothan L. Applications of Polysaccharide Based Composites. SPRINGERBRIEFS IN MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-03158-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Li LY, Cui LY, Zeng RC, Li SQ, Chen XB, Zheng Y, Kannan MB. Advances in functionalized polymer coatings on biodegradable magnesium alloys - A review. Acta Biomater 2018; 79:23-36. [PMID: 30149212 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have become a research frontier in biodegradable materials owing to their superior biocompatibility and excellent biomechanical compatibility. However, their high degradation rate in the physiological environment should be well tackled prior to clinical applications. This review summarizes the latest progress in the development of polymeric coatings on biodegradable Mg alloys over the last decade, regarding preparation strategies for polylactic acid (PLA), poly (latic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polydopamine (PDA), chitosan (CS), collagen (Col) and their composite, and their performance in terms of corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Feasible perspectives and developing directions of next generation of polymeric coatings with respect to biomedical Mg alloys are briefly discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have become a research frontier in biodegradable materials owing to their superior biocompatibility and suitable biomechanical compatibility. However, the principal drawback of Mg-based implants is their poor corrosion resistance in physiological environments. Hence, it is vital to mitigate the degradation/corrosion behavior of Mg alloys for safe biomedical deployments. This review summarizes the latest progress in development of polymeric coatings on biomedical Mg alloys regarding preparation strategy, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, including polylactic acid (PLA), poly (latic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), chitosan (CS), polydopamine (PDA), collagen (Col) and their composite. In addition, functionalized polymer coatings with Mg alloys exhibits a promising prospect owing to their ability of degradation along with biocompatibility, self-healing, drug-delivery and osteoinduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yu Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Lan-Yue Cui
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Rong-Chang Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.
| | - Shuo-Qi Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Chen
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - M Bobby Kannan
- Biomaterials and Engineering Materials (BEM) Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
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Ahmed S, Annu, Ali A, Sheikh J. A review on chitosan centred scaffolds and their applications in tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:849-862. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Barua E, Deoghare AB, Deb P, Lala SD. Naturally derived biomaterials for development of composite bone scaffold: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/377/1/012013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Sitarski AM, Fairfield H, Falank C, Reagan MR. 3d Tissue Engineered In Vitro Models Of Cancer In Bone. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:324-336. [PMID: 29756030 PMCID: PMC5945209 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biological models are necessary tools for gaining insight into underlying mechanisms governing complex pathologies such as cancer in the bone. Models range from in vitro tissue culture systems to in vivo models and can be used with corresponding epidemiological and clinical data to understand disease etiology, progression, driver mutations, and signaling pathways. In bone cancer, as with many other cancers, in vivo models are often too complex to study specific cell-cell interactions or protein roles, and 2D models are often too simple to accurately represent disease processes. Consequently, researchers have increasingly turned to 3D in vitro tissue engineered models as a useful compromise. In this review, tissue engineered 3D models of bone and cancer are described in depth and compared to 2D models. Biomaterials and cell types used are described, and future directions in the field of tissue engineered bone cancer models are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Sitarski
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine 04074, USA
- University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA
| | - Heather Fairfield
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine 04074, USA
- University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
| | - Carolyne Falank
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine 04074, USA
- University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
| | - Michaela R. Reagan
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine 04074, USA
- University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
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Ullah S, Zainol I, Chowdhury SR, Fauzi MB. Development of various composition multicomponent chitosan/fish collagen/glycerin 3D porous scaffolds: Effect on morphology, mechanical strength, biostability and cytocompatibility. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:158-168. [PMID: 29305219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The various composition multicomponent chitosan/fish collagen/glycerin 3D porous scaffolds were developed and investigated the effect of various composition chitosan/fish collagen/glycerin on scaffolds morphology, mechanical strength, biostability and cytocompatibility. The scaffolds were fabricated via freeze-drying technique. The effects of various compositions consisting in 3D scaffolds were investigated via FT-IR analysis, porosity, swelling and mechanical tests, and effect on the morphology of scaffolds investigated microscopically. The biostability and cytocompatibility tests were used to explore the ability of scaffolds to use for tissue engineering application. The average pore sizes of scaffolds were in range of 100.73±27.62-116.01±52.06, porosity 71.72±3.46-91.17±2.42%, tensile modulus in dry environment 1.47±0.08-0.17±0.03MPa, tensile modulus in wet environment 0.32±0.03-0.14±0.04MPa and biodegradation rate (at day 30) 60.38±0.70-83.48±0.28%. In vitro culture of human fibroblasts and keratinocytes showed that the various composition multicomponent 3D scaffolds were good cytocompatibility however, the scaffolds contained high amount of fish collagen excellently facilitated cell proliferation and adhesion. It was found that the high amount fish collagen and glycerin scaffolds have high porosity, enough mechanical strength and biostability, and excellent cytocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Ullah
- Polymer Labs, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak, Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Ismail Zainol
- Polymer Labs, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak, Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Shiplu Roy Chowdhury
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M B Fauzi
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Malikmammadov E, Tanir TE, Kiziltay A, Hasirci V, Hasirci N. PCL and PCL-based materials in biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2017; 29:863-893. [PMID: 29053081 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2017.1394711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have met with an increasing demand in medical usage over the last decades. One of such polymers is poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), which is a polyester that has been widely used in tissue engineering field for its availability, relatively inexpensive price and suitability for modification. Its chemical and biological properties, physicochemical state, degradability and mechanical strength can be adjusted, and therefore, it can be used under harsh mechanical, physical and chemical conditions without significant loss of its properties. Degradation time of PCL is quite long, thus it is used mainly in the replacement of hard tissues in the body where healing also takes an extended period of time. It is also used at load-bearing tissues of the body by enhancing its stiffness. However, due to its tailorability, use of PCL is not restricted to one type of tissue and it can be extended to engineering of soft tissues by decreasing its molecular weight and degradation time. This review outlines the basic properties of PCL, its composites, blends and copolymers. We report on various techniques for the production of different forms, and provide examples of medical applications such as tissue engineering and drug delivery systems covering the studies performed in the last decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elbay Malikmammadov
- a BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey.,b Graduate Department of Micro and Nanotechnology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Tugba Endogan Tanir
- a BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey.,c Central Laboratory , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Aysel Kiziltay
- a BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey.,c Central Laboratory , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Vasif Hasirci
- a BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey.,b Graduate Department of Micro and Nanotechnology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey.,d Department of Biological Sciences , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nesrin Hasirci
- a BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey.,b Graduate Department of Micro and Nanotechnology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey.,e Department of Chemistry , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey
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Oryan A, Sahvieh S. Effectiveness of chitosan scaffold in skin, bone and cartilage healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1003-1011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Fahimipour F, Rasoulianboroujeni M, Dashtimoghadam E, Khoshroo K, Tahriri M, Bastami F, Lobner D, Tayebi L. 3D printed TCP-based scaffold incorporating VEGF-loaded PLGA microspheres for craniofacial tissue engineering. Dent Mater 2017; 33:1205-1216. [PMID: 28882369 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascularization is a critical process during bone regeneration/repair and the lack of tissue vascularization is recognized as a major challenge in applying bone tissue engineering methods for cranial and maxillofacial surgeries. The aim of our study is to fabricate a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-loaded gelatin/alginate/β-TCP composite scaffold by 3D printing method using a computer-assisted design (CAD) model. METHODS The paste, composed of (VEGF-loaded PLGA)-containing gelatin/alginate/β-TCP in water, was loaded into standard Nordson cartridges and promptly employed for printing the scaffolds. Rheological characterization of various gelatin/alginate/β-TCP formulations led to an optimized paste as a printable bioink at room temperature. RESULTS The in vitro release kinetics of the loaded VEGF revealed that the designed scaffolds fulfill the bioavailability of VEGF required for vascularization in the early stages of tissue regeneration. The results were confirmed by two times increment of proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) seeded on the scaffolds after 10 days. The compressive modulus of the scaffolds, 98±11MPa, was found to be in the range of cancellous bone suggesting their potential application for craniofacial tissue engineering. Osteoblast culture on the scaffolds showed that the construct supports cell viability, adhesion and proliferation. It was found that the ALP activity increased over 50% using VEGF-loaded scaffolds after 2 weeks of culture. SIGNIFICANCE The 3D printed gelatin/alginate/β-TCP scaffold with slow releasing of VEGF can be considered as a potential candidate for regeneration of craniofacial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fahimipour
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | | | - E Dashtimoghadam
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - K Khoshroo
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - M Tahriri
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - F Bastami
- Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - D Lobner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - L Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK.
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