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Zheng Q, Zhu H, Lv C, Zhu Z, Cui H, Fan Z, Sun J, Huang Z, Shi P. Clioquinol rescues yeast cells from Aβ42 toxicity via the inhibition of oxidative damage. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300662. [PMID: 38863126 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, has gotten considerable attention. Previous studies have demonstrated that clioquinol (CQ) as a metal chelator is a potential drug for the treatment of AD. However, the mode of action of CQ in AD is still unclear. In our study, the antioxidant effects of CQ on yeast cells expressing Aβ42 were investigated. We found that CQ could reduce Aβ42 toxicity by alleviating reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lipid peroxidation level in yeast cells. These alterations were mainly attributable to the increased reduced glutathione (GSH) content and independent of activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and/or catalase (CAT). CQ could affect antioxidant enzyme activity by altering the transcription level of related genes. Interestingly, it was noted for the first time that CQ could combine with antioxidant enzymes to reduce their enzymatic activities by molecular docking and circular dichroism spectroscopy. In addition, CQ restored Aβ42-mediated disruption of GSH homeostasis via regulating YAP1 expression to protect cells against oxidative stress. Our findings not only improve the current understanding of the mechanism of CQ as a potential drug for AD treatment but also provide ideas for subsequent drug research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyi Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanyue Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheyu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Bashir DW, Rashad MM, Ahmed YH, Drweesh EA, Elzahany EAM, Abou-El-Sherbini KS, El-Leithy EMM. The ameliorative effect of nanoselenium on histopathological and biochemical alterations induced by melamine toxicity on the brain of adult male albino rats. Neurotoxicology 2021; 86:37-51. [PMID: 34216684 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Melamine is a chemical substance used as a food adulterant because of its high nitrogen content; it is known to induce neurotoxicity, thereby adversely affecting the central nervous system. The biocompatibility, bioavailability, lower toxicity, and the large surface area of nanosized selenium relative to its other forms indicate that selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have a potential ameliorative effect against melamine-induced neurotoxicity. In this study, we tested this hypothesis using 40 adult male albino rats that were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10 per group): group I rats served as the untreated negative controls and were fed with standard diet and distilled water; group II rats were orally treated with melamine (300 mg/kg body weight/d); group III rats orally received melamine (300 mg/kg body weight/d) and SeNPs (2 mg/kg body weight/d); and group IV rats received SeNPs only (2 mg/kg body weight/d) for 28 days. Blood and brain samples were collected from all rats and processed for biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical investigations. SeNPs were encapsulated in starch as a natural stabilizer and a size-controlling agent (SeNP@starch). The prepared SeNPs were characterized using different techniques. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) indicated that the percentage of selenium loaded in starch was 1.888 %. Powder x-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used to investigate the crystalline structure of the Se-NP@starch, to be tubular and composed of amorphous starch as well as metallic selenium. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the thermal stability of the product and determined the interactions among the different components. Transmission electron microscope demonstrated the spherical shape of SeNPs and their dispersion into starch surface as well as evaluating their size in nanoscale (range 20-140 nm). Our results revealed that the melamine- exposed rats had significantly elevated in malondialdehyde levels, significantly reduced in total antioxidant capacity, down-regulated expression of the antioxidant related genes Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and GPx (glutathione peroxidase), as well as up-regulated expression of the apoptosis-related gene Bax (B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein), with down regulation of Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2). Histopathological examination exhibited several alterations in the cerebrum, cerebellum, and hippocampus of the treated rats compared with the controls. Neuronal degeneration, vacuolation of the neuropils, and pericellular and perivascular spaces were observed. In addition, the pyramidal and granular cell layers of the hippocampus and cerebellum, respectively, were found to have significantly reduced thickness. Furthermore, a significant decrease in the percentage area of the glial fibrillary acidic protein and a significant increase in the percentage area of caspase-3 were noted. On the other hand, co-treatment with SeNPs partially ameliorated these alterations. A significant reduction in malondialdehyde levels; a non- significant elevation in total antioxidant capacity; up-regulation, upregulation of Nrf2, GPx, and Bcl-2 and downregulation of Bax were recorded. Neuronal degeneration, vacuolation of neuropils, and pericellular spaces were reduced. The pyramidal and granular cell layers restored their normal thickness. The percentage area of the glial fibrillary acidic protein significantly increased, whereas that of caspase-3 significantly decreased. In conclusion, SeNPs have an ameliorative effect against melamine-induced neurotoxicity in albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina W Bashir
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha M Rashad
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasmine H Ahmed
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Elsayed A Drweesh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman A M Elzahany
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Ebtihal M M El-Leithy
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Shi L, Huang C, Luo Q, Xia Y, Liu W, Zeng W, Cheng A, Shi R, Zhengli C. Clioquinol improves motor and non-motor deficits in MPTP-induced monkey model of Parkinson's disease through AKT/mTOR pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9515-9533. [PMID: 32424108 PMCID: PMC7288933 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of research into the pathology mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), disease-modifying therapy of PD is scarce. Thus, searching for new drugs or more effective neurosurgical treatments has elicited much interest. Clioquinol (CQ) has been shown to have therapeutic benefits in rodent models of neurodegenerative disorders. However, it’s neuroprotective role and mechanisms in PD primate models and PD patients, especially in the advanced stages, are not fully understood. Furthermore, issues such as spontaneous recovery of motor function and high symptom variability in different monkeys after the same toxic protocol, has not been resolved before the present study. In this study, we designed a chronic and long-term progressive protocol to generate a stabilized PD monkey model showed with classic motor and non-motor deficits, followed by treatment analysis of CQ. We found that CQ could remarkably improve the motor and non-motor deficits, which were based on the reduction of iron content and ROS level in the SN and further improvement in pathology. Meanwhile, we also showed that ferroptosis was probably involved in the pathogenesis of PD. In addition, the study shows a positive effect of CQ on AKT/mTOR survival pathway and a blocking effect on p53 medicated cell death in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqin Shi
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Sichuan Primed Biological Technology Co., Ltd, National Experimental Macaque Reproduce Laboratory, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Riyi Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chen Zhengli
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
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Tsai W, Tsai H, Wong Y, Hong J, Chang S, Lee M. Preparation and characterization of gellan gum/glucosamine/clioquinol film as oral cancer treatment patch. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 82:317-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Xu Y, Wang S, Miao Q, Jin K, Lou L, Ye X, Xi Y, Ye J. Protective Role of Hinokitiol Against H 2O 2-Induced Injury in Human Corneal Epithelium. Curr Eye Res 2016; 42:47-53. [PMID: 27269503 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2016.1151530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We recently found that hinokitiol has anti-inflammatory activity in human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells. Herein, we investigated the protective role of hinokitiol against H2O2-induced injury in HCE cells and the mechanisms that underlie its action. METHODS HCE cells were incubated with different concentrations of hinokitiol or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), which served as a vehicle control, before H2O2 stimulus. The cell viability was evaluated using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. TUNEL, phosphorylated histone γH2A.X, cleaved caspase-3 expression analyses, and location of cytochrome c were conducted to detect cell injury and apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), and total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) were used to determine oxidative stress. Bcl-2 and Bax protein expressions were measured by western blotting. RESULTS Hinokitiol significantly improved the cell viability, decreased the apoptosis rate, inhibited DNA damage, and reduced cleaved caspase-3 expression and the leakage of cytochrome c from mimitochondrion to cytoplasm of HCE cells against the oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Generation of ROS and MDA and decreased activity of CAT, SOD, and T-AOC were also ameliorated by hinokitiol administration. Moreover, Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated while Bax was up-regulated by H2O2 stimulus, which were reversed by hinokitiol application. CONCLUSION Hinokitiol protects HCE cells against H2O2-induced injury likely by its antioxidant activity and modulating the Bcl-2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Xu
- a Department of Ophthalmology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Shengzhan Wang
- a Department of Ophthalmology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Qi Miao
- a Department of Ophthalmology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Kai Jin
- a Department of Ophthalmology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Lixia Lou
- a Department of Ophthalmology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xin Ye
- a Department of Ophthalmology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yan Xi
- a Department of Ophthalmology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Juan Ye
- a Department of Ophthalmology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
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An L, Fu J, Zhang T. Reversible effects of vitamins C and E combination on cognitive deficits and oxidative stress in the hippocampus of melamine-exposed rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 132:152-159. [PMID: 25802127 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that the spatial cognitive deficits of rats were induced by chronic melamine exposure, which was associated with the hippocampal oxidative damage. Currently, we examined the antioxidative effect of vitamins C and E combination on cognitive function in melamine-treated rats. Melamine was oral administrated to male adolescent Wistar at a dosage of 300mg/kg/day for 28days. After that, animals received vitamins C and E at a dose of 150 and 200mg/kg, respectively, intraperitoneally for the next 7days. Cognitive behaviors were investigated using the Morris water maze test. The biochemical indexes were detected in the hippocampal homogenate. The treatment with vitamin complex significantly ameliorated cognitive deficits induced by melamine. ROS, MDA, and NO contents were almost back to normal, while SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and NOS activities were improved as well. The neural apoptosis in the hippocampus were ameliorated by regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) and caspase-3. Additionally, histological observation showed that vitamin complex effectively alleviated the injuries of hippocampal neurons. These results suggest that the potential therapeutic for oxidative damage induced neuronal apoptosis after treatment of vitamins C and E combination, which is most likely related to the antioxidative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei An
- College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China; Max-Planck Institute for Neurological Research, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Jingxuan Fu
- College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
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7
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Derrick JS, Lim MH. Tools of the Trade: Investigations into Design Strategies of Small Molecules to Target Components in Alzheimer's Disease. Chembiochem 2015; 16:887-98. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
Copper is an essential element in many biological processes. The critical functions associated with copper have resulted from evolutionary harnessing of its potent redox activity. This same property also places copper in a unique role as a key modulator of cell signal transduction pathways. These pathways are the complex sequence of molecular interactions that drive all cellular mechanisms and are often associated with the interplay of key enzymes including kinases and phosphatases but also including intracellular changes in pools of smaller molecules. A growing body of evidence is beginning to delineate the how, when and where of copper-mediated control over cell signal transduction. This has been driven by research demonstrating critical changes to copper homeostasis in many disorders including cancer and neurodegeneration and therapeutic potential through control of disease-associated cell signalling changes by modulation of copper-protein interactions. This timely review brings together for the first time the diverse actions of copper as a key regulator of cell signalling pathways and discusses the potential strategies for controlling disease-associated signalling processes using copper modulators. It is hoped that this review will provide a valuable insight into copper as a key signal regulator and stimulate further research to promote our understanding of copper in disease and therapy.
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9
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An L, Li Z, Zhang T. Reversible effects of vitamins C and E combination on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in melamine-treated PC12 cells. Free Radic Res 2013; 48:239-50. [PMID: 24182201 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.861598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to its high nitrogen content, melamine was deliberately added to raw milk for increasing the apparent protein content. Previous studies showed that melamine-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage on PC12 cells and rats' hippocampus. Several evidences suggested that vitamin antioxidant reduced oxidative stress and improved organic function. Whether treatments with antioxidant vitamins C or E, otherwise combination of them can attenuate oxidative stress after melamine administration remains to be elucidated. In this study, the reversible effects of vitamin antioxidants was investigated on melamine-induced neurotoxicity in cultured PC12 cells, an in vitro model of neuronal cells. When comparing vitamin C and E, the combination of both statistically increased PC12 cells viability. The results further showed that vitamin complex has effectively reduced the formation of reaction oxygen species, decreased the level of malondialdehyde, and elevated the activities of antioxidative enzymes. Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis showed that vitamin combination treatment effectively prevented PC12 cells from this melamine-induced apoptosis. It revealed the apoptotic nuclear features of the melamine-induced cell death. Additionally, a combination treatment of vitamins effectively inhibited apoptosis via blocking the increased activation of caspase-3. In summary, the vitamin E and C combination treatment could rescue PC12 cells from the injury induced by melamine through the downregulation of oxidative stress and prevention of melamine-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L An
- College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University , Tianjin , P. R. China
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10
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Ayton S, Lei P, Bush AI. Metallostasis in Alzheimer's disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 62:76-89. [PMID: 23142767 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.10.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
2012 has been another year in which multiple large-scale clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have failed to meet their clinical endpoints. With the social and financial burden of this disease increasing every year, the onus is now on the field of AD researchers to investigate alternative ideas to deliver outcomes for patients. Although several major clinical trials targeting Aβ have failed, three smaller clinical trials targeting metal interactions with Aβ have all shown benefit for patients. Here we review the genetic, pathological, biochemical, and pharmacological evidence that underlies the metal hypothesis of AD. The AD-affected brain suffers from metallostasis, or fatigue of metal trafficking, resulting in redistribution of metals into inappropriate compartments. The metal hypothesis is built upon a triad of transition elements: iron, copper, and zinc. The hypothesis has matured from early investigations showing amyloidogenic and oxidative stress consequences of these metals; recently, disease-related proteins, APP, tau, and presenilin, have been shown to have major roles in metal regulation, which provides insight into the pathway of neurodegeneration in AD and illuminates potential new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Ayton
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Peng Lei
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Duncan C, Bica L, Crouch PJ, Caragounis A, Lidgerwood GE, Parker SJ, Meyerowitz J, Volitakis I, Liddell JR, Raghupathi R, Paterson BM, Duffield MD, Cappai R, Donnelly PS, Grubman A, Camakaris J, Keating DJ, White AR. Copper modulates the large dense core vesicle secretory pathway in PC12 cells. Metallomics 2013; 5:700-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mt20231c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Grasso G, Giuffrida ML, Rizzarelli E. Metallostasis and amyloid β-degrading enzymes. Metallomics 2012; 4:937-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20105d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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13
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Li WW, Gao XM, Wang XM, Guo H, Zhang BL. Icariin inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity through inhibition of phosphorylation of JNK/p38 MAPK and p53 activity. Mutat Res 2011; 708:1-10. [PMID: 21236269 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 09/25/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The prominent damages caused by H(2)O(2) include the ruin of membrane integrity, loss of intracellular neuronal glutathione (GSH), oxidative damage to DNA as well as the subsequent caspase-3 and p53 activation. Icariin is a flavonoid extracted from the traditional Chinese herb Epimedium brevicornum Maxim. We have previously reported that icariin has a good curative effect on patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD animal and cell models. However, the molecular mechanism of how icariin exerts neuroprotective effects is still not well understood. To address this question, we exposed undifferentiated neuronal cell lines (PC12 cells) to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and investigated the possible neuroprotective mechanisms of icariin. Vitamin E was used as a positive control. We observed that H(2)O(2) activated the JNK/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and induced PC12 cells apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. More over, we demonstrated that icariin protected PC12 cells by attenuating LDH leakage, reducing GSH depletion, preventing DNA oxidation damage and inhibiting subsequent activation of caspase-3 and p53, which are the main targets of H(2)O(2)-induced cell damage. In addition, we also found that icariin's neuroprotective effect may partly correlate with its inhibitory effect on JNK/p38 MAPK pathways. Therefore, our findings suggest that icariin is a candidate for a novel neuroprotective drug to against oxidative-stress induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Li
- Integrated Laboratory of TCM and Western Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 10034, China
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14
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Reis DC, Pinto MCX, Souza-Fagundes EM, Rocha LF, Pereira VRA, Melo CML, Beraldo H. Investigation on the pharmacological profile of antimony(III) complexes with hydroxyquinoline derivatives: anti-trypanosomal activity and cytotoxicity against human leukemia cell lines. Biometals 2011; 24:595-601. [PMID: 21221718 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-011-9407-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Complexes [Sb(QN)(2)Cl] (1), [Sb(QC)(2)Cl] (2) and [Sb(QI)(2)Cl] (3) were obtained with 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQN), 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (HQC) and 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline (clioquinol, HQI). The quinoline derivatives and their antimony(III) complexes were evaluated for their anti-trypanosomal activity as well as for their cytotoxicity against HL-60 and Jurkat human leukemia cell lines. Upon coordination to antimony(III) the anti-trypanosomal activity of HQC and HQI increases, the highest improvement being observed for complex (3), which was the most active among all studied compounds against both epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. All quinoline derivatives proved to be cytotoxic against both leukemia cell lineages. Upon coordination to antimony(III) the cytotoxicity of HQN improved against Jurkat leukemia cells. While SbCl(3) proved to be cytotoxic against HL-60 cells, it was not active against Jurkat cells. However, its coordination to the quinoline derivatives resulted in complexes with significant cytotoxicity against Jurkat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora C Reis
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
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Barcia E, Salama A, Fernández-Carballido A, Negro S. Protective effects of clioquinol on human neuronal-like cells: a new formulation of clioquinol-loaded PLGA microspheres for Alzheimer’s disease. J Drug Target 2010; 19:637-46. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2010.523789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Aluminum does not enhance beta-amyloid toxicity in rat hippocampal cultures. Brain Res 2010; 1352:265-76. [PMID: 20624378 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A number of environmental factors have been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders, including metallotoxins such as aluminum (Al). In the present study, the toxicity of Al-quinate (AlQ), a well-characterized Al complex, was investigated in primary rat hippocampal cultures in comparison to inorganic Al (Al-S). AlQ was significantly less toxic than Al-S during both short- (3h) and long-term (24h) incubations. The neuroprotective properties of quinic acid (which constitutes the quinate moiety of AlQ) against short-term incubations with Al-S were subsequently assessed, and the organic compound was found to provide full protection, comparable to synthetic metal chelating agents desferrioxamine and clioquinol. Finally, potential synergistic actions between Al (AlQ and Al-S) and beta-amyloid (Abeta) were investigated. Neither Al form appeared to enhance Abeta toxicity, in fact, AlQ significantly reduced Abeta toxicity. Collectively, this study highlights further the impact of structural features and physiological ligands of metal complexes on toxicity profiles, and reveals promising properties of quinic acid as a metal chelator. Despite previous reports suggesting synergistic toxicity between Al and Abeta, we could not identify such a mechanism in our investigation.
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Biotransformed blueberry juice protects neurons from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway alterations. Br J Nutr 2010; 104:656-63. [PMID: 20459875 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114510001170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence supports the therapeutic effects of blueberry in neurodegenerative disorders. Biotransformation of blueberry juice by Serratia vaccinii bacteria increases its phenolic content and antioxidant activity. In neuronal cell culture, biotransformed blueberry juice (BJ) significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, namely catalase and superoxide dismutase. Moreover, BJ protected neurons against H2O2-induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner. This associated with the upregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family enzymes p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, as well as with the protection of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK1/2) activity loss induced by H2O2. The present studies demonstrate that BJ can protect neurons against oxidative stress possibly by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities and activating p38- and JNK-dependent survival pathways while blocking MEK1/2- and ERK1/2-mediated cell death. Thus, BJ may represent a novel approach to prevent and to treat neurodegenerative disorders, and it may represent a source of novel therapeutic agents against these diseases.
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Zhai S, Yang L, Cui QC, Sun Y, Dou QP, Yan B. Tumor cellular proteasome inhibition and growth suppression by 8-hydroxyquinoline and clioquinol requires their capabilities to bind copper and transport copper into cells. J Biol Inorg Chem 2009; 15:259-69. [PMID: 19809836 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-009-0594-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that when mixed with copper, 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-OHQ) and its analog clioquinol (CQ) inhibited the proteasomal activity and proliferation in cultured human cancer cells. CQ treatment of high-copper-containing human tumor xenografts also caused cancer suppression, associated with proteasome inhibition in vivo. However, the nature of the copper dependence of these events has not been elucidated experimentally. In the current study, using chemical probe molecules that mimic the structures of 8-OHQ and CQ, but have no copper-binding capability, we dissected the complex cellular processes elicited by 8-OHQ-Cu and CQ-Cu mixtures and revealed that copper binding to 8-OHQ or CQ is required for transportation of the copper complex into human breast cancer cells and the consequent proteasome-inhibitory, growth-suppressive, and apoptosis-inducing activities. In contrast, the non-copper-binding analogs of 8-OHQ or CQ blocked the very first step-copper binding-in this chain of events mediated by 8-OHQ-Cu or CQ-Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Crouch PJ, Hung LW, Adlard PA, Cortes M, Lal V, Filiz G, Perez KA, Nurjono M, Caragounis A, Du T, Laughton K, Volitakis I, Bush AI, Li QX, Masters CL, Cappai R, Cherny RA, Donnelly PS, White AR, Barnham KJ. Increasing Cu bioavailability inhibits Abeta oligomers and tau phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:381-6. [PMID: 19122148 PMCID: PMC2626711 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0809057106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves pathological accumulation of synaptotoxic amyloid-beta (Abeta) oligomers and hyperphosphorylated tau. Because recent evidence indicates that glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activity regulates these neurotoxic pathways, we developed an AD therapeutic strategy to target GSK3beta. The strategy involves the use of copper-bis(thiosemicarbazonoto) complexes to increase intracellular copper bioavailability and inhibit GSK3beta through activation of an Akt signaling pathway. Our lead compound Cu(II)(gtsm) significantly inhibited GSK3beta in the brains of APP/PS1 transgenic AD model mice. Cu(II)(gtsm) also decreased the abundance of Abeta trimers and phosphorylated tau, and restored performance of AD mice in the Y-maze test to levels expected for cognitively normal animals. Improvement in the Y-maze correlated directly with decreased Abeta trimer levels. This study demonstrates that increasing intracellular copper bioavailability can restore cognitive function by inhibiting the accumulation of neurotoxic Abeta trimers and phosphorylated tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Crouch
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Lin Wai Hung
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victorial, 3010, Australia; and
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Paul A. Adlard
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Mikhalina Cortes
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Varsha Lal
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Gulay Filiz
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Keyla A. Perez
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victorial, 3010, Australia; and
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Milawaty Nurjono
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Aphrodite Caragounis
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Tai Du
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Katrina Laughton
- Department of Pathology
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Irene Volitakis
- Department of Pathology
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ashley I. Bush
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Qiao-Xin Li
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Colin L. Masters
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Roberto Cappai
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victorial, 3010, Australia; and
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Robert A. Cherny
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Paul S. Donnelly
- School of Chemistry, and
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victorial, 3010, Australia; and
| | - Anthony R. White
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kevin J. Barnham
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victorial, 3010, Australia; and
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Bica L, Crouch PJ, Cappai R, White AR. Metallo-complex activation of neuroprotective signalling pathways as a therapeutic treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 5:134-42. [DOI: 10.1039/b816577g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Although the vast majority of skin infection must be treated with systemic antibiotics, topical antibiotics are used overwhelmingly in the world, often as self-prescribed medications without taking into account the sensitivity of the presumed bacteria. Dermatologists are aware that different types of topical antibiotics kill different species of bacteria and tend to be more specific in their prescriptions. At present local antibiotics are advised to treat minor superficial uncomplicated skin infections (e.g., impetigo) and to prevent bacterial infections caused into minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. The role of topical antibiotics in the management of acne and atopic dermatitis is controversial. Retapamulin, a novel topical antibacterial agent, will probably replace the use of the old mupirocin and fusidic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Gelmetti
- Istituto di Scienze Dermatologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Bolognin S, Zatta P, Drago D, Parnigotto PP, Ricchelli F, Tognon G. Mutual Stimulation of Beta-Amyloid Fibrillogenesis by Clioquinol and Divalent Metals. Neuromolecular Med 2008; 10:322-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-008-8046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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