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Vanaraj R, Daniel S, Mayakrishnan G, Govindarasu Gunasekaran K, Arumugam B, Babu CM, Kim SC. Melamine-based metal-organic frameworks for high-performance supercapacitor applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 666:380-392. [PMID: 38603880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Melamine-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for high-performance supercapacitor applications are described in this paper. Melamine (Me) is employed as an organic linker, and three metal ions cobalt, nickel, and iron (Co, Ni, Fe) are used ascentral metal ions to manufacture the desired MOF materials (Co-Me, Ni-Me, and Fe-Me). While melamine is an inexpensive organic linker for creating MOF materials, homogenous molecular structures can be difficult to produce. The most effective technique for expanding the molecular structures of MOFs through suitable experimental optimization is used in this work. The MOFs materials are characterized using standard techniques. The kinetics of the materials' reactions are investigated using attenuated total reflectance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) studies verified the development of the MOFs structure. The surface morphology of the produced materials is investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The elements found in MOFs are studied via XPS analysis, energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX), mapping, and mapping. The materials' absorption characteristics were examined by the use of UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the materials is examined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); these materials are more stable, according to the findings, even at high temperatures. The electrochemical investigation determines the specific capacitance of the materials. The specific capacitance of Co-Me, Ni-Me, and Fe-Me in 3 M KOH electrolyte is 1267.36, 803.22, and 507.59F/g @ 1 A-1, according to the three-electrode arrangement. The two-electrode device maximizes power and energy density by using an asymmetrical supercapacitor in a 3 M KOH electrolyte. The power and energy densities of Co-Me, Ni-Me, and Fe-Me are 3650.63, 2813.21, and 6210.45 W kg-1, and 68.43, 46.32, and 42.2 Wh kg-1, respectively. According to the materials stability test, the MOFs are highly stable after 10,000 cycles. Preliminary results suggest that the materials are suitable for usage in high-end supercapacitor uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Vanaraj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Gopiraman Mayakrishnan
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | | | - Bharathi Arumugam
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Cadiam Mohan Babu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore
| | - Seong Cheol Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Algethami FK, Marwani HM, Raza N, Asiri AM, Rahman MM. Non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of melamine in dairy products by using CuO decorated carbon nanotubes nanocomposites. Food Chem 2024; 445:138792. [PMID: 38387321 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Melamine, a typical nitrogen enriched organic compound exhibiting great potential in the industrial sector, is exploited as an adulterant to inflate protein levels in dairy products, can pose serious threats to humans and therefore necessitates its swift detection and precise quantification at its first exposure. In this investigation, sensitive and reliable sensor probes were fabricated using CuO nanoparticles and its nanocomposites (NCs) with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon black (CB), and graphene oxide (GO) to promptly quantify melamine in dairy products. The optical, morphological, and structural characteristics of the CuO-CNT NCs were achieved using diverse instrumental techniques including UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X- ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and etc. The fabrication of glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) was accomplished by coating CuO-CNT NCs through a binder (5 % nafion). These sensor probes demonstrated outstanding electrochemical sensor performance with CuO-CNT NCs/Nafion/GCE sensor probe in terms of very low limit of detection (0.27 nM), good linearity range (0.05-0.5 nM), and relatively high sensitivity (93.924 µA µM-1 m-2) for melamine under optimized experimental conditions. Furthermore, the performance of CuO-CNT NCs/Nafion/GCE coated sensor probes was practically validated for the selective melamine detection in the real sample analysis of commercially available milk brands, which revealed significant figures of merit in a very short response time of 10 s. From the results, it was concluded that the current study might be helpful in the development of an efficient commercial sensor based on ultra-sensitive transition metal oxides in the field of health care monitoring, food stuffs in a broader scale as well as food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal K Algethami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hadi M Marwani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Raza
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Government Alamdar Hussain Islamia Degree College Multan, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Chen H, Luo Y, Cai W, Xu L, Li J, Kong Y. Colorimetric discrimination and spectroscopic detection of tyrosine enantiomers based on melamine induced aggregation of l-cysteine/Au nanoparticles. Talanta 2024; 271:125758. [PMID: 38340415 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) are decorated by l-cysteine (L-Cys), and the resultant chiral L-Cys/AuNPs can be used for colorimetric discrimination and spectroscopic detection of the tyrosine (Tyr) enantiomers. Melamine (Mel) can induce the aggregation of the L-Cys/AuNPs through ligand exchange, leading to a distinct color change from wine red to purple. Owing to the same rotatory direction of L-Cys/AuNPs and L-Tyr, the L-Cys/AuNPs exhibit a significantly higher binding affinity toward L-Tyr than D-Tyr, and thus the Mel induced aggregation of the L-Cys/AuNPs is greatly alleviated by the protection from the L-Tyr protective layer. Therefore, the Tyr enantiomers can be simply discriminated by naked eyes. In addition, the absorbance of the aggregated L-Cys/AuNPs at ∼630 nm increases linearly with decreasing concentrations of L-Tyr ranging from 10 nM to 1 mM due to the weakened protection effect from L-Tyr, and thus spectroscopic detection of L-Tyr can also be accomplished by the developed L-Cys/AuNPs with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.3 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Hua Lookeng Honors College, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Wenrong Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Laidi Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Junyao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Yong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
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Ma Y, Cui H, Chen R, Zhang R, Lin J, Ren S, Liang J, Gao Z. Rapid detection of melamine by DNA Walker mediated SERS sensing technique based on signal amplification function. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:283. [PMID: 38652169 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
A new method is proposed for detecting typical melamine dopants in food using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensing technology. Melamine specific aptamer was used as the identification probe, and gold magnets (AuNPs@MNPs) and small gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@MBA) were used as the basis for Raman detection. The Raman signal of the detection system can directly detect melamine quantitatively. Under optimized conditions, the detection of melamine was carried out in the low concentration range of 0.001-500 mg/kg, the enhancement factor (EF) was 2.3 × 107, and the detection limit was 0.001 mg/kg. The method is sensitive and rapid, and can be used for the rapid detection of melamine in the field environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Han Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Ruipeng Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Shuyue Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China.
| | - Jun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Zhixian Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China.
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Chen HC, Feng WW, Audira G, Kurnia KA, Hung SH, Castillo AL, Roldan MJM, Hsiao CD, Hung CH. Evaluation of sub-chronic toxicity of melamine via systematic or oral delivery in adult zebrafish based on behavioral endpoints. Neurotoxicology 2024; 102:68-80. [PMID: 38599288 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Melamine-tainted products have been found in the market and raised issues about food safety. Recent studies done in rodents and humans demonstrated the toxicities of melamine, especially in causing kidney damage and bladder stone formation. However, very few studies assessed its behavior toxicity in organisms, including fish. Therefore, in this study, the researchers aim to determine whether sub-chronic exposure to melamine via oral and systematic administration could induce behavioral abnormality in zebrafish. After 14 days of systematic exposure to melamine at doses of 0.1 and 10 ppm levels, zebrafish were subjected to multiple behavioral assays. Results from both exposure routes showed that melamine indeed slightly increased fish locomotion and altered their exploratory behaviors in the novel tank assay. Furthermore, tightened shoaling formation was also displayed by the treated fish in the waterborne exposure group. However, melamine exposure did not cause any obvious alterations in fish behaviors during other behavioral tests. In addition, in comparison with previously published data on the behavior toxicities of several solvents in zebrafish, our phenomic analysis suggests the relatively low behavior toxicities of melamine via either systematic exposure or oral administration to zebrafish compared to those solvents. Nevertheless, our data indicate that the potential neurotoxicity of chronic low-dose melamine should not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Chao Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Da-Shu, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 824005, Taiwan; Dr. Feng's Dermatology Clinic, Kaohsiung 811022, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wei Feng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Da-Shu, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 824005, Taiwan; Dr. Feng's Dermatology Clinic, Kaohsiung 811022, Taiwan
| | - Gilbert Audira
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Kevin Adi Kurnia
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - San-Ho Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fooyin University, 151 Jinxue Rd., Daliao Dist., Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, Fooyin University Hospital, No. 5, Zhongshan Road, Donggang Township, Pingtung 92847, Taiwan
| | - Agnes L Castillo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Graduate School and Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines
| | - Marri Jmelou M Roldan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan; Research Center for Aquatic Toxicology and Pharmacology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Hung
- Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Da-Shu, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan.
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Joshi R, Adhikari S, Kim M, Jang Y, Min HJ, Lee D, Cho BK. Trace level detection of melamine and cyanuric acid extracted from pet liquid food (milk) using a SERS Au nanogap substrate. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100726. [PMID: 38590692 PMCID: PMC10999514 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study reported an application of Au nanogap substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements to quantitatively analyze melamine and its derivative products at trace levels in pet liquid food (milk) combined with a waveband selection approach, namely variable importance in projection (VIP). Six different concentrations of melamine, cyanuric acid, and melamine combined with cyanuric acid were created, and SERS spectra were acquired from 550 to 1620cm-1. Detection was possible up to 200 pM for melamine-contaminated samples, and 400 pM concentration detection for other two groups. The VIP-PLSR models obtained correlation coefficient (R2) values of 0.997, 0.985, and 0.981, with root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) values of 18.492 pM, 19.777 pM, and 15.124 pM for prediction datasets. Additionally, partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to classify both pure and different concentrations of spiked samples. The results showed that the maximum classification accuracy for melamine was 100%, for cyanuric acid it was 96%, and for melamine coupled with cyanuric acid it was 95%. The results obtained clearly demonstrated that the Au nanogap substrate offers low-concentration, rapid, and efficient detection of hazardous additive chemicals in pet consuming liquid food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Joshi
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-to, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Samir Adhikari
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Minjun Kim
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Yudong Jang
- Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Min
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Donghan Lee
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
- Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Kwan Cho
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-to, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
- Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-to, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
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Day DB, Melough MM, Flynn JT, Zhu H, Kannan K, Ruzinski J, de Boer IH, Sathyanarayana S. Environmental exposure to melamine and its derivatives and kidney outcomes in children. Environ Res 2024; 252:118789. [PMID: 38555096 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Melamine caused acute nephrotoxicity in a past food adulteration incident, but it is unclear whether and how widespread ambient exposure to melamine and related compounds might affect pediatric kidney health. We assessed cross-sectional associations between childhood exposure to melamine and its derivatives and biomarkers of kidney injury and health and explored potential heterogeneity by sex suggested by sex-dependent differences in renal physiology. We measured melamine and its derivatives ammeline, ammelide, and cyanuric acid (CYA) in spot urine samples collected from 192 children from an urban site (Seattle, WA) and 187 children from a rural site (Yakima, WA) aged 4-8 years in the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth (GAPPS) Study. In addition, biomarkers of kidney injury were measured in the same urine samples, including albumin, total protein, KIM-1, NAG, NGAL, and EGF. We utilized linear regressions to examine associations between individual chemical exposures and kidney biomarkers. Interaction terms examined association modification by sex, as well as potential interactions between melamine and CYA. Despite comparable exposures, girls had higher levels of many kidney injury biomarkers compared to boys. A ten-fold higher melamine concentration was associated with a 18% (95% CI: 5.6%, 31%) higher EGF in the full sample, while ten-fold higher melamine was associated with a 76% (14.1%, 173%) higher KIM-1 in boys but not in girls (-10.1% (-40.6%, 36.1%), interaction p = 0.026). Melamine exhibited significant negative interactions with CYA in association with total protein and NAG that appeared to be specific to girls. Our results suggest possible associations between melamine exposure and markers of kidney injury that may be more pronounced in boys. These findings provide novel insights into melamine and related derivative compound health effects at low levels of exposure in children and emphasize the role of sex in mediating the relationship between nephrotoxicant exposure and kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew B Day
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1920 Terry Ave, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
| | - Melissa M Melough
- Department of Health Behavior and Nutrition Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.
| | - Joseph T Flynn
- Division of Nephrology, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, 1959 Northeast Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | | | - John Ruzinski
- Kidney Research Institute, Department of Nephrology, University of Washington, 908 Jefferson St, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Kidney Research Institute, Department of Nephrology, University of Washington, 908 Jefferson St, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1920 Terry Ave, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, 1959 Northeast Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Yilmaz H, Ertaş N, Basan H. Development of a new phosphorescence sensor based on surface molecularly imprinted Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots for detection of melamine in milk products. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 309:123818. [PMID: 38157742 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents a novel room temperature phosphorescence sensor (IMIPs-ZnS QDs RTP sensor) based on inorganic surface molecularly imprinted polymers and Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots (QDs) for the rapid detection of trace melamine (MEL) in commercial milk products. The surface of Mn-ZnS QDs was modified with 3-(mercaptopropyl) trimethoxy silane (MPTS). Then, MEL, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) were used as a template/target molecule, functional monomer, and cross-linker, respectively. IMIPs-ZnS QDs RTP sensor was characterized using spectrofluorimeter, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FT-IR, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). Detection time and linear range for IMIPs-ZnS QDs RTP sensor were 30 min and 4.0-79.2 µM with a correlation coefficient value of 0.9946, respectively. Furthermore, LOD and LOQ values were calculated using Stern-Volmer equation as 0.29 and 0.97 µM, respectively. Thus, IMIPs-ZnS QDs RTP sensor was successfully applied for the detection of MEL residue in milk samples. Recovery values were in the range of 88.62-90.22 % with relatively high precision values (0.57-0.92 % RSD). Our findings indicate that the developed IMIPs-ZnS QDs RTP sensor exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity towards the MEL in milk sample containing potentially relatively high number of interfering compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüma Yilmaz
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nusret Ertaş
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasan Basan
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
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Yi C, Liang A, Wen G, Jiang Z. A new difunctional liquid crystal nanosurface molecularly imprinted polyitaconic acid nanoprobe for SERS/RRS determination of ultratrace melamine. Food Chem 2024; 436:137716. [PMID: 37839117 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a new dimode scattering spectral method for rapid detection of ultratrace melamine (ML) in dairy products was established by coupling nanosurface molecular imprinting technology with nanocatalytic amplification reaction of liquid crystal particles. It was found that liquid crystal cholesteryl butyrate (CBU) nanosurface imprinted polymers (CBU@MIP) not only recognized ML but also catalyzed the nano indicator reaction of HAuCl4-sodium formate to produce gold nanoparticles with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) effect. When ML was added, it specifically combined with CBU@MIP to form CBU@MIP-ML conjugates with strong catalytic activity, and SERS and RRS signals increased linearly with the detection limits of 0.0072 pmol/L and 0.093 pmol/L respectively. The method was applied to the determination of ML in dairy products and plastic tablewares with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.2-4.4 % and 1.6-4.7 %, and recovery of 95.4 %-108.3 % and 95.9-108.6 % respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Aihui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Guiqing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhiliang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
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Gonsalves OS, Nemade PR. Ultrafast adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous effluents using covalent triazine frameworks. Chemosphere 2024; 351:141246. [PMID: 38253090 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
We have synthesized low-cost high performance covalent triazine framework (CTF) through Schiff base reaction of melamine and terephthalaldehyde with different proportions of the reactants. The synthesized adsorbents showed excellent capacity for adsorption of Cr (VI) at acidic pH while almost negligible adsorption at higher pH. The adsorbent displays excellent reusability, with a little decrease in adsorption capacity with the increasing number of cycles. Moreover, Cr (VI) the adsorption is unaffected by the presence of 50-500 times higher concentration of alkali metal and halide ions in solution, while sulphate ions demonstrate shielding behavior decreasing the adsorption capacity. Mechanistic studies indicate electrostatic attractions, ion exchange and reduction being responsible for the adsorption mediated by abundant nitrogen sites that also imbibes the adsorbent with high capacity. The adsorbent was also utilized to recover chromium from an industrial electroplating effluent, which demonstrates applicability of material for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olviya S Gonsalves
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400 019, India
| | - Parag R Nemade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400 019, India; Institute of Chemical Technology, Marathwada Campus, Jalna, 431 203, India.
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11
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Hamdi F, Roushani M, Nasibipour M, Hoseini SJ. Aptasensor based on high surface area covalent organic framework for simple and ultrasensitive detection of sarcosine in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1291:342235. [PMID: 38280784 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
In this study, an electrochemical aptasensor was developed for the specific detection of sarcosine using a covalent organic framework (COF). The imine-based two-dimensional COF was synthesized through a solvothermal process using terephthaldehyde and melamine. This resulted in the formation of a structure that is highly porous and has a unique surface area of 908 m2/g. The produced biosensor demonstrated a significant linear relationship between charge transfer resistance (Rct) and various concentrations of sarcosine in blood serum samples. The aptasensor had two linear ranges, spanning from 0.5 fM to 700 fM and 10 pM to 0.12 nM, respectively, with a detection limit of 0.15 fM. The incorporation of high surface area COFs in the aptasensor design offers a promising combination of sensitivity, stability, and specificity. This combination creates a valuable device for diagnosing and monitoring of prostate cancer and potentially other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hamdi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam, 6939177111, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Roushani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam, 6939177111, Iran.
| | - Mina Nasibipour
- Prof. Rashidi Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry & Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 7194684795, Iran
| | - S Jafar Hoseini
- Prof. Rashidi Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry & Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 7194684795, Iran.
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12
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Chin-Heng L, Chun-Hung T, Ding-Zheng L. Optimization of physical vapor deposition process for low background nanoimprinted SERS substrate in quantitative melamine analysis. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 306:123563. [PMID: 37890325 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Uniformity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and cost are the critical parameters of practical surface-enhanced-Raman-spectroscopy (SERS) substrates. Herein, we proposed a High-Aspect-Ratio-Nano-Pillar-Array (HARNPA) substrate deposited silver by physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods (e.g. E-beam evaporation, sputtering, and a two-stage intermittent sputtering) to fabricate high-performance SERS substrates. The substrate by the E-beam evaporation has a significant SERS effect, but the Raman background induced by the exposure of the polymer HARNPA limits the analyte choice. The substrate by the sputtering method has better step coverage of silver but a lower enhancement factor. Therefore, we proposed a process of two-stage intermittent sputtering to solve these limitations. In addition, we define a factor called the signal-to-background peak ratio (S/B peak ratio) to evaluate the influence of the Raman background from the SERS substrate. Finally, we accomplished a SERS substrate with an S/B peak ratio of 3.48 by intermittent sputtering, which has the best linearity (R2 = 0.97) of the melamine concentration curve and the lowest detection limit (LoD = 5.6 × 10-7 M) that meets the regulatory requirements for melamine detection (3.96 × 10-6 M). The benefits of our SERS substrates are easy fabrication, high sensitivity (EF = 1.44 × 107), high reproducibility (CV = 8.4 %), and excellent uniformity (CV = 7 % in 4″ area), which are beneficial for mass production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Chin-Heng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsai Chun-Hung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lin Ding-Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC.
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13
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He Y, Liao Y, Zhang B, Xu R, Ma Y, Zhao M, Cui H. Using the photo-enhanced barrier effect on electrochemical response for highly sensitive detection of melamine. Food Chem 2024; 432:137246. [PMID: 37643517 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Melamine added to milk powder can lead to kidney injury and even death, but rapid detection is still hard due to the strong interference of milk powder solution. Herein, the CC/CeO2/CNPs mesh was constructed to detect melamine by using the photo-enhanced barrier effects on electrochemical response. Schottky barrier was regulated effectively to produce electrochemical response to melamine by photo-induced electrostatic interaction, which exhibited strong resistance to interference in milk powder solution. Sensitivity was enhanced by nearly 5 times and the lowest detection limit was reduced as low as 0.274 nM. The obtained high recovery (100%-104%) and good stability in milk powder solution indicated the good potential for practical applications. It provides a new opportunity for achieving strong resistance to interference by using the photo-enhanced barrier driving effect on electrochemical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichang He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Yiquan Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Ruiqi Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Ye Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Minggang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Hongzhi Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, PR China.
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Wu Q, Tian L, Shan X, Li H, Yang S, Li C, Lu J. An electrochemiluminescence sensor based on the CNTs and CdSe@ZnSe for determination of melamine in milk samples. Food Chem 2024; 430:137028. [PMID: 37536069 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor based on the CdSe@ZnSe and CNTs was constructed for the detection of melamine. CdSe@ZnSe acted as the co-reaction promoter for the enhancement of Ru(bpy)32+/tri-n-propylamine (TPrA) system and CNTs acted as carriers to immobilize more CdSe@ZnSe. The initial ECL signal significantly amplified due to the synergistic effect of CNTs and CdSe@ZnSe. The ECL signal decreased with the addition of melamine, and the change value of ECL intensity (ΔI) was linearly related to the logarithm of melamine concentration. The constructed ECL sensor was able to detect melamine in the range of 1.0 × 10-11 - 1.0 × 10-7 M, and the detection limit was 3.3 × 10-12 M (S/N = 3). It can be used to detect melamine in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tian
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangyu Shan
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiling Li
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuning Yang
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Lu
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, People's Republic of China.
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15
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DeBeer J, Finke M, Maxfield A, Osgood AM, Mona Baumgartel D, Blickem ER. A Review of Pet Food Recalls from 2003 Through 2022. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100199. [PMID: 38029842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This is a review of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recalls of products that are for dogs and cats which took place from 2003 through 2022. It includes recalls for pet foods (food, treats, and chews), ingredients, supplements (vitamins and minerals), and drugs. There were 3,691 recalls during this period: 51% were Class I, 35% were Class II, and 14% were Class III. Food items and ingredients accounted for the majority or 68%, drugs for 27%, and supplements (vitamins and minerals) accounted for 5% of these recalls. Recalls that could be associated with dogs only accounted for 42%, with cats only 18%, and with multiple species 40%. The primary reasons for the recalls were biological contamination at 35%, chemical contamination at 32%, and cGMP violations at 8%. Almost 25% of the total recalls in the past 20 years were due to a melamine incident in 2007/2008 (73% of those were Class I). Salmonella recalls for the 20 years accounted for 23% of the total recalls (94 % of those were Class I). Although the recalls for vitamins and minerals accounted for only 5.6% percent of the total, 70% of those were Class I and 30% Class II. Pet food is a complex part of the processed food industry, and the processing of pet food is subject to at least 40 different federal regulations. To avoid recalls and be successful, pet food manufacturers need a robust food safety culture to meet all of these requirements to produce a safe product. In contrast, the melamine contamination (an adulteration event) in 2007/2008 which resulted in animal deaths and recalls is a prime example of the need for an effective and robust supplier approval program in order to avoid fraudulent suppliers in the future.
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16
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Cheng H, Wu Y, Hsu W, Lin F, Wang S, Zeng J, Zhu Q, Song L. Green and economic flame retardant prepared by the one-step method for polylactic acid. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127291. [PMID: 37806420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Resolving the flammability of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) while ensuring its environmental friendliness and preserving key flame retardancy and mechanical properties represents a critical challenge. We have successfully developed a highly efficient and environmentally friendly flame retardant called Hexamethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid amine (HDME). The flame retardancy of PLA/HDME composites was significantly improved, as indicated by the LOI value of 29.1 % and UL-94 V-0 rating for PLA/3.5 HDME with only 3.5 % HDME addition. The results show a 23.4 % reduction in the total heat release (THR), a 40.0 % increase in the time to ignition (TTI), and a 21.2 % increase in the flame propagation index (FPI) compared to original PLA. Flame retardant mechanism of HDME involves the gas phase, condensed phase, and interrupted heat exchange effects. The HDME also preserved the original mechanical properties of PLA, with the elongation at break and tensile strength retention of PLA/3.5 HDME reaching 93.05 % and 89.65 %. This work provides a simple and efficient method for flame retardant modification of PLA, which can expand its application scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Cheng
- Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China; Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen, China
| | - Yincai Wu
- Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen, China
| | - Wayne Hsu
- Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen, China
| | - Fenglong Lin
- Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen, China
| | - Shenglong Wang
- Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen, China
| | - Junwei Zeng
- Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiuyin Zhu
- Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen, China
| | - Lijun Song
- Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen, China.
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17
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Yang Q, Deng X, Niu B, Lin H, Jing J, Chen Q. Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of melamine in liquid milk based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 303:123143. [PMID: 37478706 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Melamine is one of the common limited contaminations in dairy products. The traditional detection method has a long period and complicated pretreatment process. The rapid detection method is the better method to solve the screening of limited contaminations. In this paper, taking melamine as the research object, the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of melamine in liquid milk were collected by portable Raman spectrometer, and melamine was qualitatively identified and semi-quantitatively analyzed by Raman characteristic peak and Raman intensity, and a simple and efficient rapid screening method for limited contaminations was developed. The limit of detection is 0.25 mg/kg. The probability of detection is 100% at 2.5 mg/kg, which is the same between the two laboratories, indicating that the semi-quantitative method has good repeatability. The method of melamine proposed in this study can meet the rapid screening requirements of limited contaminations at the maximum residue limit, and has a good application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Xiaojun Deng
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Bing Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Jing Jing
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Qin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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18
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Abedini R, Khaniki GJ, Naderi M, Aghaee EM, Sadighara P. Investigation of melamine and cyanuric acid concentration in several brands of liquid milk and its non-carcinogenic risk assessment in adults and infants. J Food Sci Technol 2023; 60:3054-3066. [PMID: 37786605 PMCID: PMC10542036 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05814-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the melamine and cyanuric acid concentration of widely used milk brands and the probability of non-carcinogenic risk of the brands for adults and infants were investigated. These values were 1.37 mg/L, 1.10 mg/L, and 1.09 mg/L, which corresponded to creamy sterilized sample, high-fat (creamy) pasteurized sample, and low-fat (less-creamy) pasteurized sample, respectively. Similarly, the highest amount of cyanuric acid occurred in brand A with the values of 0.79 mg/L, 0.65 mg/L, and 0.64 mg/L, which was reported in the same samples mentioned for melamine. The HQ (Hazard Quotient) of melamine in the brands of A, B, C and D for adults was 0.0025, 0.0011, 0.0006 and 0.0008 respectively. These values for infants were reported as 2.2280, 0.9444, 0.5714 and 0.6714 respectively. The risk probability of melamine for adults was less than 1. However, the HQ in brand A for infants was greater than 1 (2.380), which indicate the high probability of non-carcinogenic risk. Furthermore, the HI (Hazard Index) values of the brands of A, B, C and D for infants were 2.7913, 1.1737, 0.7067 and 0.838, respectively. The simultaneous melamine and cyanuric acid in the brands A and B in for infants increase the non-carcinogenic risk probability by approximately 2.8 and 1.2 times, respectively. The results revealed that the melamine and cyanuric acid concentrations in creamy milk samples (0.5%) were higher than in less-creamy milk samples (2.5%). Moreover, the amount of the compounds in sterilized milk samples was higher than pasteurized. In this study, a conversion factor (0.7) was proposed in order to find out the concentration of cyanuric acid in milk sample with the amount of melamine is known but the cyanuric acid concentration is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Abedini
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Jahed Khaniki
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maziar Naderi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Molaee Aghaee
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Sadighara
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu S, Dong R, Wang Y, Yang Z, He G, Chen B. Twenty-four-hour temporal trend of melamine and its derivatives in urine in association with meal consumption: a panel study in Shanghai, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:120225-120235. [PMID: 37936050 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Timing of sampling is important for the exposure assessment of melamine (MEL) and its derivatives. This study aimed to investigate whether MEL and its derivatives in spot urine can effectively represent individual exposure levels throughout the day in adults and to explore their temporal trend before and after meal consumption for helping understand the timing of sampling and for assessing the potential exposure risk. This is a 2-day panel study with 43 college students being enrolled to provide urine specimens in 24 h (from the morning of the first day to the second day) and to answer a questionnaire on demographic characteristics, physical measurements, and time of having meal. Spearman correlation and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to examine the associations of the urinary concentrations of MEL and its derivatives in different sampled times and compare the concentrations' differences before and after meal consumption. Urinary concentrations of MEL and its derivatives (ammeline (AMN), ammelide (AMD), and cyanuric acid (CYA)) in the first-morning urine at the second day and randomly selected spot urine were positively associated with the average concentrations in the previous 24-h urine (all P ≤ 0.002). Urinary MEL concentration increased rapidly after meal consumption, reaching a maximum at approximately 3 h and then decreased gradually towards baseline (P = 0.006). Two subjects (4.65%) had a cumulative daily intake exceeding the severest tolerable daily intake. MEL and its three derivatives in spot urine can effectively represent the average concentrations in the previous 24-h urine in adults. Meal consumption is still a notable source of exposure to MEL for humans. These findings are important for choosing a better sampling strategy of performing exposure assessment. Meanwhile, the acute elevation in urinary MEL concentration following meal consumption may pose a potential health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruihua Dong
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhiping Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Ju Y, Hua J, Gu Y, Chen H. Construction of high-branched derivatives based on melamine for highly effective defoaming and antifoaming. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:2075-2086. [PMID: 37423855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Foams can be seen everywhere in human production and life. An uncontrolled foam event usually leads to product losses, equipment damage, and clean-up costs. Defoamer is one of the most effective strategies to eliminate or inhibit foam activities, which has been proved by long-term practices. In this work, we report new molecular defoamers with high-branched structure, which adopts melamine molecule as the parent structure, by incorporating alkyl-isocyanates with different chain lengths into the high-branched melamine derivatives (Hb-MDs) formula to replace the R - NH2 (primary ammonia) on melamine structure. The substitution reaction processes can be readily tuned by varying the molar ratio or alkyl chain length of alkyl-isocyanate, enabling a facile control over the branched degree. The foam tests reveal that the high-branched melamine molecule defoamers exhibited excellent defoaming and anti-foaming properties for four typical foam systems, including an anionic SDBS, cationic DTAB, non-ionic AEO-9, and white cat (BM) detergent, with efficiency close to that of silicone-type LN1414 defoamer and far superior to that of high-carbon alcohol XS-02 defoamer, at the same addition level. Notably, the defoaming or anti-foaming performances of the high-branched melamine molecule defoamers were not always monotonically increased with the branched degree or hydrophobic chain length, but a suitable range needed to be maintained to support a good balance of defoamer structure with foam liquid films. Therefore, it is anticipated that this high-branched design principle could open a new avenue for the construction of molecular defoamers for complex industrial problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggan Ju
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jingxian Hua
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yawei Gu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Hongling Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Fröhlich AC, Mazur LP, da Silva A, de Andrade Maranhão T, Parize AL. Development of hydrogels based on xylan and poly (acrylic acid) for melamine adsorption in batch and continuous mode: experimental design, kinetics, isotherms, recyclability, and fixed-bed column. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2023; 30:107970-107992. [PMID: 37749464 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29891-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Two hydrogels were synthesized, characterized, and applied as alternative materials to remove melamine (MEL) from aqueous media by adsorption. For the first time, a complete study of MEL adsorption is presented, including optimization, kinetics, isotherm, reuse, and column studies with these new materials. One hydrogel is based on xylan and poly (acrylic acid) and was named HXy, and the other is based on the same components functionalized with activated carbon and was named HXy-AC. The materials were synthesized by free radical polymerization and characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, DSC, SEM, zeta potential, point of zero charge, N2 adsorption isotherms (BET), helium gas pycnometry, Archimedes method, swelling analysis, and stability tests. The characterization results confirmed the intended synthesis and showed the thermal, morphological, textural, structural, and compositional profile, as well as the adsorption characteristics of the materials. The adsorption studies in batch process included experimental design, kinetics, isotherms, and recyclability, and in continuous mode, the studies included fixed-bed column experiments. The full factorial design showed that adsorbent dosage, pH, and ionic strength are significant for adsorption capacity and removal percentage responses. Doehlert design enabled the definition of the values of adsorbent dosage and pH that were most suitable for MEL adsorption into the materials, indicating the optimal adsorption conditions. The kinetics were well described by the pseudo-first-order model, with R2 above 0.9920 for both materials at all concentrations tested. The isotherm obeyed the Langmuir model, with R2 above 0.9939 for both materials at all temperatures tested. Equilibrium was attained at 180 min, and the maximum experimental adsorption capacity was up to 132.46 and 118.96 mg g-1 at pH 7, with adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g L-1, and 298 K for HXy and HXy-AC, respectively. Furthermore, HXy and HXy-AC materials maintained about 58 and 70% of their initial adsorption capacity at the end of five adsorption/desorption cycles, respectively. Breakthrough curves were described by the Yan model and presented a maximum adsorption capacity of 30.2 and 30.4 mg g-1, treating 3.4 and 6.1 L of influent until the breakthrough point of 0.5 mg L-1 with HXy-AC using 2.0 and 4.0 g of material, respectively. These findings show that the hydrogels produced present the potential to be applied in the adsorption of basic molecules, such as MEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Cristiana Fröhlich
- POLIMAT, Grupo de Estudos em Materiais Poliméricos, Chemistry Department-Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n-Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Luciana Prazeres Mazur
- BIOMAT, Laboratório de Biomateriais, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering and Bioprocess, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-852, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano da Silva
- LABMASSA, Laboratório de Transferência de Massa, Chemical Engineering Department-Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n-Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiane de Andrade Maranhão
- LEMA/LARES, Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas e Atômica/Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos, Chemistry Department-Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n-Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luis Parize
- POLIMAT, Grupo de Estudos em Materiais Poliméricos, Chemistry Department-Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n-Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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22
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Erisgin Z, Barak MZ, Usta M, Tekelioglu Y, Turkoglu I, Mutlu HS. Melamine exposure during the weaning period negatively affects ovarian reserve. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:104805-104813. [PMID: 37707728 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of melamine exposure since the weaning period on ovarian tissue and ovarian reserve. Melamine is illegally added to milk and formula to provide high false protein positivity. Female rats (the weaning period = 21 days old, n = 18) were divided into 3 groups. 0.1 mL saline was applied to the control group by gavage for 21 days. Fifty mg/kg and seventy-five mg/kg melamine was dissolved in 0.1 mL of saline and applied by gavage for 21 days, respectively. At the end of the experiment, plasma anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) was measured, follicle count and ovarian diameter measurement were performed in the right ovaries, and flow cytometric analysis for apoptosis was performed in the left ovaries. While a statistically significant decrease was not observed in the number of the follicle and ovarian diameter between the control and melamine-treated groups (p > 0.05), a significant decrease in the corpus luteum and a significant increase in the number of atretic follicles were observed (p < 0.05). Apoptosis (Annexin V) increased in both melamine groups and AMH plasma level decreased significantly in the 75 mg/kg group (p < 0.05). Melamine exposure from the weaning (early postnatal) period may cause a decrease in ovarian reserve in parallel with a dose increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuleyha Erisgin
- Giresun University Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Giresun, Türkiye.
| | - Mensure Zuhal Barak
- Faculty of Business, Department of Business Administration, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana, Türkiye
| | - Murat Usta
- Giresun University Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biochemistry, Giresun, Türkiye
| | - Yavuz Tekelioglu
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Black Sea Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye
| | - Ismail Turkoglu
- Giresun University Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Giresun, Türkiye
| | - Hasan Serdar Mutlu
- Giresun University Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Giresun, Türkiye
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Li SS, Chen JJ, Su MW, Lin CW, Chen CC, Wang YH, Liu CC, Tsai YC, Hsieh TJ, Wu MT, Wu CF. Sex-specific interactive effect of melamine and DEHP on a marker of early kidney damage in Taiwanese adults: A national population-based study from the Taiwan Biobank. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 263:115208. [PMID: 37413945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Taiwan had the high incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. Our objective was to examine associations between daily exposure of phthalates and melamine, two common nephrotoxins, and kidney damage risk in a well-established nationwide cohort. Study subjects were from Taiwan Biobank (TWB) with existing data of questionnaire and biochemical examinations. Average daily intake (ADI) levels of melamine and seven parental phthalates, including DEHP (di-2-ethylhexylphthalate), DiBP (Dibutyl phthalate), DnBP (Di-n-butyl phthalate), BBzP (Butyl benzyl phthalate), DEP (Diethyl phthalate), and DMP (Dimethyl phthalate) were estimated using a creatinine excretion-based model from urine melamine and 10 phthalate metabolites. Urine microalbumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) was used to represent for the outcome of kidney damage. Two statistical strategies were used: First, a weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model to select the most important exposure variables of ADI levels of phthalates and melamine associated with ACR; Second, to examine effects of those most important exposure variables on ACR in multivariable linear regression models. In total, 1153 eligible adults were left for analyses. Of them, 591 (51.3%) and 562 (48.7%) were men and women, respectively, with a median age of 49 years old. By WQS, a significant and positive association was found between ADI of melamine and phthalates and ACR (β = 0.14, p = 0.002). ADI levels of melamine had the highest weight (0.57), followed by DEHP (0.13). Next, examining the two most important exposures in association with ACR, we found that the higher the melamine and DEHP intakes, the higher the ACR levels were found. An interaction effect was also found between melamine and DEHP intakes on urine ACR (p = 0.015). This result was more prominent in men (p = 0.008) than in women (p = 0.651). Environmental co-exposure of melamine and DEHP can potentially affect ACR in the community-dwelling Taiwanese adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sih-Syuan Li
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Jia-Jen Chen
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Wei Su
- Taiwan Biobank, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | - Chu-Chih Chen
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
| | - Yin-Han Wang
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Chu Liu
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chun Tsai
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Tusty-Jiuan Hsieh
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Fang Wu
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; International Master Program of Translational Medicine, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan.
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Schwartz C, Comet M, Lallemand B, Vince M, Ott AK, Schnell F, Bonnet B, Spitzer D. Nitroglycerin trapping in melamine matrices. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20306. [PMID: 37809411 PMCID: PMC10560045 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Melamine (Mel) was used as host matrix for liquid nitroglycerin (NG), to prepare Mel/NG solid powdered compounds containing up to 45 wt% of this explosive. The two preparation processes used for this purpose consisted in evaporating a solution of both components, either in ambient conditions or under reduced pressure by the Spray Flash-Evaporation (SFE) process. In Mel/NG materials, amorphous nitroglycerin is distributed in the crystallized melamine matrix as inclusions, which were found to be smaller in size in the material prepared by the SFE process. Mel/NG materials are not stable over time: they gradually lose the nitroglycerin they contain by evaporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Schwartz
- NS3E Laboratory – UMR 3208 (ISL-CNRS-UNISTRA), French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, BP 70034, 68301 Saint Louis Cedex, France
| | - Marc Comet
- NS3E Laboratory – UMR 3208 (ISL-CNRS-UNISTRA), French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, BP 70034, 68301 Saint Louis Cedex, France
| | - Bastien Lallemand
- NS3E Laboratory – UMR 3208 (ISL-CNRS-UNISTRA), French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, BP 70034, 68301 Saint Louis Cedex, France
| | - Maxence Vince
- NS3E Laboratory – UMR 3208 (ISL-CNRS-UNISTRA), French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, BP 70034, 68301 Saint Louis Cedex, France
| | - Anna K. Ott
- NS3E Laboratory – UMR 3208 (ISL-CNRS-UNISTRA), French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, BP 70034, 68301 Saint Louis Cedex, France
| | - Fabien Schnell
- NS3E Laboratory – UMR 3208 (ISL-CNRS-UNISTRA), French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, BP 70034, 68301 Saint Louis Cedex, France
| | - Benjamin Bonnet
- NS3E Laboratory – UMR 3208 (ISL-CNRS-UNISTRA), French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, BP 70034, 68301 Saint Louis Cedex, France
| | - Denis Spitzer
- NS3E Laboratory – UMR 3208 (ISL-CNRS-UNISTRA), French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, BP 70034, 68301 Saint Louis Cedex, France
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25
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Vaseghi Baba F, Esfandiari Z, Akbari-Adergani B, Rashidi Nodeh H, Khodadadi M. Vortex-assisted microextraction of melamine from milk samples using green short chain ionic liquid solvents coupled with high performance liquid chromatography determination. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1229:123902. [PMID: 37804570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Melamine is added illegally to milk and dairy products to increase the amount of apparent protein. This organic nitrogen rich chemical compound has been of great challenge in food safety based on its adverse effect on health. Therefore, the extraction and determination of melamine from milk is necessary. Recently, ionic liquid (ILs) as solvent usage has been noticeable for low melting point, low toxicity, high thermal stability, and high extraction capabilities in a wide range of separation processes. ILs are introduced as organic-inorganic salts and green solvents in microextraction preparation. Therefore, in this study, three ionic liquids ([C6mim][NTF2], [C4mim][NTF2] and [C2mim][NTF2] ILs) were prepared and employed as an extraction solvent in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) of melamine from milk samples followed by HPLC-UV. The selected ILs were designed using three types of alkyl-imidazolium (as the short organic cations) and bis (tri fluoro methyl sulfonyl) imide as anion and characterized by ATR-FTIR spectra, carbon, and hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (H&C-NMR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). These techniques confirmed the formation of functional groups, the structure of hydrogen and carbon atoms, and various elements of ionic bond between imidazolium and bis (tri fluoro methyl sulfonyl) imide. In the next step, the effect of significant parameters, including type and volume of ILs, adsorption time, pH of the sample solution, and sample volume, were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection (LOD), limits of quantification (LOQ), and linearity range were obtained 63.64 µg kg-1, 210.03 µg kg-1, and 210.03-1000 µg kg-1, respectively, for as prepared [C6mim][NTF2] as the best ILs. Notably, the achieved LOQ was lower than the maximum residue level (MRL) for the melamine residue in dairy products. Eventually, the proposed method was applied to detect melamine in milk samples, and the relative recoveries were examined as 79.6-105.0 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Vaseghi Baba
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Esfandiari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Behrouz Akbari-Adergani
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran, Iran
| | - Hamid Rashidi Nodeh
- Food Science and Agricultural Research Center, Standard Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Khodadadi
- Core Research Facilities (CRF), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746 73461, Iran
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26
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Ghanati K, Eghbaljoo H, Akbari N, Mazaheri Y, Aghebat-Bekheir S, Mahmoodi B, Zandsalimi F, Basaran B, Sadighara P. Determination of melamine contamination in milk with various packaging: a risk assessment study. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1095. [PMID: 37626272 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Melamine is one type of monomer used as starting substance in manufacturing packaging lining in many countries worldwide. Environmental and food contamination is an issue constantly discussed. In the present study, the melamine content in milk samples with three package types was measured by HPLC/UV. Melamine is not a lipophilic compound. Therefore, the selected samples were low-fat milk. The melamine content in various packaged milk, including packet, polyethylene bags, and plastic packaging, is 790 ± 39.8, 50.7 ± 13, and 57.7 ± 24.54 ppb, respectively. According to the existing standards, the measured values in all the milk samples were lower than the permitted limits. The risk assessment for adults and children showed that the HQ value for both age groups was less than 1. Therefore, milk consumption will not pose a health risk in terms of contamination with melamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiandokht Ghanati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI) and Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Tehran
| | - Hadi Eghbaljoo
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Akbari
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Mazaheri
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aghebat-Bekheir
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Mahmoodi
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Zandsalimi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Burhan Basaran
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Parisa Sadighara
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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27
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Cao W, Shan S, Xing K, Jing X, Peng J, Xiao X, Liu D, Xia J, Lai W. Novel rapid detection of melamine based on the synergistic aggregation of gold nanoparticles. Food Chem 2023; 428:136789. [PMID: 37423110 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
A simple and rapid colorimetric method for the detection of melamine in milk samples is described. Polythymidine oligonucleotide was adsorbed on to the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), protecting it from aggregation. In the presence of melamine, polythymidine oligonucleotide combined with melamine formed a double-strand DNA-like structure, allowing AuNPs aggregation. In the presence of positively charged SYBR Green I (SG I), AuNPs were further aggregated. In the presence of melamine and SG I, aggregation of AuNPs was synergistic. Thus, in this principle, melamine can be detected visually. Plasmon resonance peak changes enabled detection of melamine quantitatively using UV-vis spectroscopy. The limit of detection for this colorimetric method was 16 μg L-1 with a good linear range from 19.5 μg L-1 to 1.25 × 103 μg L-1, and detection took only 1 min. The method was successfully applied for detection of melamine in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shan Shan
- College of Life Science, National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Keyu Xing
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Xudong Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaoyue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Daofeng Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Diagnosing and Tracing of Foodborne Disease, Jiangxi Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 555 East Beijing Road, Nanchang 330029, China.
| | - Jun Xia
- Jiangxi Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Animal Epidemic Control Building, 698 Gaoxin Seventh Road, China.
| | - Weihua Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University 235, East Nanjing Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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28
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Elik A, Fesliyan S, Gürsoy N, Haq HU, Castro-Muñoz R, Altunay N. An air-assisted dispersive liquid phase microextraction method based on a hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvent for the extraction and preconcentration of melamine from milk and milk-based products. Food Chem 2023; 426:136573. [PMID: 37329792 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In the current research, a fast and sustainable air-assisted hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid phase microextraction followed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry measurements was optimized for the extraction and determination of melamine in milk and milk-based products. The central composite design was applied for the optimization of factors affecting the recovery of melamine. Quantitative extraction of melamine was achieved using hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvents prepared from a mixture of octanoic acid, aliquat-336, and cobalt(II) chloride. The optimum conditions for extraction were found as follows: 6 extraction cycles, pH 8.2, extraction solvent volume 260 µL, and acetone volume 125 µL.Interestingly, a centrifugation step was not required to achieve phase separation. Under the optimum conditions, melamine was determined in the linear range of 3-600 ng mL-1, the limit of detection (3Sblank/m) of 0.9 ng mL-1, and the enrichment factor of 144. The validation of the method was investigated by the analysis of reference materials. Consequently, the method was successfully applied for the analysis of melamine residues in milk and milk-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Elik
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye
| | - Seçkin Fesliyan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye
| | - Nevcihan Gürsoy
- Nanotechnology Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye
| | - Hameed Ul Haq
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 80-233 Gdansk, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Poland
| | - Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 80-233 Gdansk, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Poland
| | - Nail Altunay
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye.
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Kim WI, Pak SW, Lee SJ, Moon C, Shin IS, Lee IC, Kim JC. Effects of melamine and cyanuric acid on placental and fetal development in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2023:113862. [PMID: 37247804 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Melamine or cyanuric acid alone has low toxicity, but combined exposure to melamine and cyanuric acid was reported to cause unexpected toxicological effects. This study investigated the potential effects and toxic mechanism of combined exposure to melamine and cyanuric acid on placental and fetal development in rats. Exposure to melamine and cyanuric acid caused maternal toxicity manifested by increased abnormal symptoms and decreased body weight gain. Developmental toxic effects included a decrease in placental and fetal weights with increased fetal deaths and post-implantation loss. Melamine and cyanuric acid induced oxidative stress in the developing placenta and fetus. The placentas from rats treated with melamine and cyanuric acid showed shortening of the placental layers with histological changes, decreased cell proliferation, increased apoptotic changes, and decreased insulin-like growth factor (IGF)/IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and placental lactogen (PL) expression levels. Fetuses from melamine- and cyanuric acid-treated dams showed increased apoptotic changes and suppressed cellular proliferation in their livers and vertebrae. Consequently, combined exposure to melamine and cyanuric acid resulted in high levels of oxidative stress and impaired placental development associated with impairment of the IGF/IGFBP and PL systems, resulting in increased apoptotic changes and reduced fetal cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong-Il Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Won Pak
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chul Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Tsai YC, Wu CF, Hung WW, Yu PS, Liu CC, Hsieh TJ, Chen CC, Li SS, Chen JJ, Chiu YW, Hwang SJ, Wu MT. Environmental melamine exposure and adverse kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Environ Pollut 2023; 331:121883. [PMID: 37236580 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The impact of melamine exposure on kidney outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients remains unclear. In this prospective cohort study, 561 T2D patients during October 2016 and June 2020 were enrolled and followed until December 2021. Baseline one-spot urinary corrected melamine levels were measured by LC-MS/MS. Average daily intake (ADI) of melamine represented environmental melamine exposure in daily life, and was estimated using urinary corrected melamine level by creatinine excretion (CE)-based model. Primary kidney outcomes were defined as doubling of serum creatinine levels or end stage kidney disease (ESKD), and secondary kidney outcomes included rapid decline in kidney function as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline >5 ml/min/1.73 m2/year. Baseline median urinary corrected melamine levels and estimated DI of melamine were 0.8 μg/mmol and 0.3 μg/kg/day in 561 T2D patients. During 3.7 years of follow-up, urinary corrected melamine level was positively correlated with reaching composite outcomes of either doubling of serum creation levels or ESKD and rapid decline in kidney function. Those with the highest quartile of urinary corrected melamine had 2.96-fold risk of composite outcomes of either doubling of serum creation levels or ESKD and 2.47-fold risk of eGFR decline >5 ml/min/1.73 m2/year. Estimated ADI of melamine also had significant correlation with adverse kidney outcomes. Furthermore, the positive relationship between melamine exposure and rapid decline in kidney function was only found in T2D patients with male, baseline eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or glycated hemoglobin ≤7%. In conclusion, melamine exposure is significantly associated with adverse kidney outcomes in T2D patients, especially in those with male, well sugar control or good baseline kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fang Wu
- International Master Program of Translational Medicine, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Shaou Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Kaohsiung Municipal CiJin Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chu Liu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tusty-Jiuan Hsieh
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chih Chen
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Sih-Syuan Li
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Jen Chen
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Jyh Hwang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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Neuwald IJ, Muschket M, Seelig AH, Sauter D, Gnirss R, Knepper TP, Reemtsma T, Zahn D. Efficacy of activated carbon filtration and ozonation to remove persistent and mobile substances - A case study in two wastewater treatment plants. Sci Total Environ 2023; 886:163921. [PMID: 37164071 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Persistent and mobile (PM) substances are able to spread quickly in the water cycle and were thus identified as potentially problematic for the environment and water quality. If also toxic (PMT) or very persistent and very mobile (vPvM) their regulation under REACH as substances of very high concern is foreseen. Yet, knowledge on the effectiveness of advanced wastewater treatment in removing PM-substances from WWTP effluents is limited to few rather well-known chemicals. The occurrence and behavior of 111 suspected and known PM-substances was investigated in two wastewater treatment plants employing either powdered activated carbon (PAC, full-scale) or ozonation with subsequent sand/anthracite filtration (pilot-scale) and an additional granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration was investigated. 72 of the 111 PM-substances analyzed were detected at least once in the secondary effluent of either wastewater treatment plant, resulting in total concentrations of 104 μg/L and 40 μg/L, respectively. While PAC removed 32 % of PM-substances well, the total PM burden in the effluent was only reduced from 103 μg/L to 87 μg/L. Ozonation and the subsequent sand/anthracite filtration was able to reduce the PM burden in wastewater from 40 μg/L to 19 μg/L, showing a higher removal efficacy than PAC in this study. The additional GAC filtration further reduced the total PM-concentration to 13 μg/L. Among the investigated PM-chemicals detected were constituents of ionic liquids: The anion hexafluorophosphate was one of few chemicals that was detected in effluent concentrations >1 μg/L and could not be removed by the processes studied, showing that for some chemicals preventive actions may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle J Neuwald
- Hochschule Fresenius gem. Trägergesellschaft mbH, Limburger Str. 2, 65510 Idstein, Germany
| | - Matthias Muschket
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alina H Seelig
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Sauter
- Berliner Wasserbetriebe, Neue Juedenstr. 1, 10179 Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Gnirss
- Berliner Wasserbetriebe, Neue Juedenstr. 1, 10179 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas P Knepper
- Hochschule Fresenius gem. Trägergesellschaft mbH, Limburger Str. 2, 65510 Idstein, Germany
| | - Thorsten Reemtsma
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Zahn
- Hochschule Fresenius gem. Trägergesellschaft mbH, Limburger Str. 2, 65510 Idstein, Germany.
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Mirza Alizadeh A, Hosseini H, Hosseini MJ, Hassanzadazar H, Hashempour-Baltork F, Zamani A, Mohseni M. Melamine in Iranian foodstuffs: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and health risk assessment of infant formula. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 256:114854. [PMID: 37018855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The presence of melamine in food is one of the most significant threats to consumer health and food safety now confronting the communities. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the melamine content of different food products available on the Iranian market. The pooled melamine concentration (95% confidence interval) on 484 samples of animal-based foodstuffs was as follows: 0.22 (0.08, 0.36 mg kg-1) for milk, 0.39 (0.25, 0.53 mg kg-1) for coffee mate, 1.45 (1.36, 1.54 mg kg-1) for dairy cream, 0.90 (0.50, 1.29 mg kg-1) for yoghurt, 1.25 (1.20, 1.29 mg kg-1) for cheese, 0.81 (-0.16, 1.78 mg kg-1) for hen eggs, 1.28 (1.25, 1.31 mg kg-1) for poultry meat, 0.58 (0.35, 0.80 mg kg-1) for chocolates, and 0.98 (0.18, 1.78 mg kg-1) for infant formula. Based on the results of health risk assessment study on toddlers under 2 years old who ingested infant formula (as a melamine-sensitive group), all groups of toddlers are at an acceptable level of non-carcinogenic risk (THQ ≤ 1). Toddlers were classified according to their ILCR (carcinogenic risk) levels due to infant formula consumption as follows: under 6 months (0.0000056), 6-12 months (0.0000077), 12-18 months (0.0000102), and 18-24 months (0.0000117). The melamine carcinogenicity in infant formula for children had an ILCR value of 0.000001-0.0001 in the investigation, which was considerable risk. According to the findings, Iranian food products (notably infant formula) should be analyzed for melamine contamination on a regular basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Mirza Alizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mir-Jamal Hosseini
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Hassan Hassanzadazar
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Fataneh Hashempour-Baltork
- Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbasali Zamani
- Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Mehran Mohseni
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Department of Food and Drug Control, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Pradhane AP, Methekar RN, Agrawal SG. Investigations on melamine-based uric acid kidney stone formation and its prevention by inhibitors. Urolithiasis 2023; 51:68. [PMID: 37039903 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-023-01437-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Melamine (Mel) as a milk powder adulterant came to light in September 2008, when a kidney stone disease (KSD) outbreak struck China. The mechanism of the formation of Mel-associated uric acid (UA) stones is relatively unknown. Therefore, in the present study, Mel's influence was explored at comparatively higher and lower concentrations in artificial urine. The parameter optimization performed when the Mel concentration in artificial urine was low, which revealed that higher pH values and lower UA concentration considerably delayed the induction of UA crystallization. When Mel concentration was increased relative to UA concentration, the induction time of UA crystallization decreased dramatically. At the highest concentration of Mel investigated (at UA-Mel molar ratio 1:1), PXRD analysis and SEM revealed a change in crystalline structure of the samples. Based on FTIR analysis, it was determined that UA-Mel interactions are essentially physical, because no new characteristic bands developed. Two inhibitors, namely tri-potassium citrate (TPC) and 3, 7-dimethylxanthine (DMX), were investigated for their inhibitory action on UA crystallization in the presence of Mel. DMX was observed to be more promising than TPC in delaying the induction of crystallisation and hence inhibiting crystal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish P Pradhane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, 440010, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ravi N Methekar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, 440010, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Shailesh G Agrawal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, 440010, Maharashtra, India
- Crystallization Design Institute, Molecular Science Research Centre, University of Puerto Rico, 1390 C. Juan Ponce de Léon, San Juan, PR, 00926, USA
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Geng C, Lin R, Yang P, Liu P, Guo L, Cui B, Fang Y. Highly selective adsorption of Hg (II) from aqueous solution by three-dimensional porous N-doped starch-based carbon. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:52107-52123. [PMID: 36826770 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, N-doped carbon materials with 3D porous-layered skeleton structure was synthesized through a one-step co-pyrolysis method, which was fabricated by co-pyrolysis of natural corn starch and melamine using metal catalysts (Ni (II) and Mn (II)). The 3D-NC possessed a heterogeneously meso-macroporous surface with a hierarchically connected sheet structure inside. Batch adsorption experiments suggested that highly selective adsorption of Hg (II) by the 3D-NC could be completed within 90 min and had maximum adsorption capacities as high as 403.24 mg/g at 293 K, pH = 5. The adsorption mechanism for Hg (II) was carefully evaluated and followed the physical adsorption, electrostatic attraction, chelation, and ion exchange. Besides, thermodynamic study demonstrated that the Hg (II) adsorption procedure was spontaneous, endothermic, and randomness. More importantly, the 3D-NC could be regenerated and recovered well after adsorption-desorption cycles, showing a promising prospect in the remediation of Hg (II)-contaminated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Ruikang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Peilin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Yishan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China.
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Li M, Zhe T, Li R, Bai F, Jia P, Xu Z, Wang X, Bu T, Wu H, Wang L. ZIF-derived Co nanoparticles embedded into N-doped carbon nanotube composites for highly efficient electrochemical detection of nitrofurantoin in food. Food Chem 2023; 418:135948. [PMID: 36944309 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Designing efficient and sensitive methods for the detection of nitrofurantoin (NFT) residues is of great importance for food safety and environmental protection. Herein, a composite with cobalt nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube (N/Co@CNTs@CC-II) was synthesized by in-situ growth and sublimation-gas phase transformation strategy and used to establish an ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for NFT determination. The N/Co@CNTs@CC-II sensor exhibits uniform N doping, fine hollow structure, and abundant active metal sites, which lays a solid foundation for the ultra-sensitive detection of NFT. Benefiting from these advantages, the N/Co@CNTs@CC-II exhibits excellent sensitivity (8.19 μA μM-1 cm-2) and low detection limit (18.41 nM) for NFT detection. The practical feasibility of N/Co@CNTs@CC-II was also demonstrated by the determination of NFT in milk and tap water samples. This study may open up new opportunities for the application of N-doped carbon nanotube materials encapsulating transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Taotao Zhe
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ruixia Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Feier Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Pei Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhihao Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Tong Bu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Haiyu Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Yesildemir O, Akdevelioglu Y, Kose SBE, Cakir DA, Yirun A, Ozyurt AB, Sabuncuoglu S, Camurdan AD, Cakir BC, Erkekoglu P. Comparison of melamine exposure by feeding practices in babies aged 0-6 months. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 98:104065. [PMID: 36640921 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate the daily dietary intakes of melamine for human milk-fed (HMF) babies and mixed-fed (MF) babies. It was carried out in 70 mother-baby pairs (40 babies in the HMF group and 30 babies in the MF group). Human milk, formula milk, and baby urine samples were collected to assess the dietary exposure of babies. Melamine concentrations were analyzed by using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Melamine was determined in 82.5 % of the human milk samples in the HMF group (median: 0.75 µg/L) while it was present in 96.7 % of human milk samples (median: 1.25 µg/L) and 96.7 % in formula milk samples (median: 0.95 µg/kg) in the MF group. The mean urinary melamine concentration of HMF babies (1.20 ± 0.21 µg/L) was not significantly different than MF babies (1.35 ± 0.49 µg/L). Melamine exposure was calculated as 0.12 µg/kg bw/day and 0.24 µg/kg bw/day in HMF and MF babies, respectively. Melamine exposure in both groups was below the tolerable daily intake. There were no significant associations between melamine exposure and various features of babies and mothers. As a result, it can be suggested that Turkish babies (aged 0-6 months) are not at risk for high melamine exposure through the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Yesildemir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Yasemin Akdevelioglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selinay Basak Erdemli Kose
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Deniz Arca Cakir
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Anil Yirun
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aylin Balci Ozyurt
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suna Sabuncuoglu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysu Duyan Camurdan
- Department of Social Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bahar Cuhaci Cakir
- Department of Social Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pinar Erkekoglu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Bhuin S, Chakravarty M. Naked-Eye Optical Recognition of Ammonia Vapor and Melamine in Water Using a Fluorophore Appended Polymer Matrix. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:373-81. [PMID: 36422820 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The generation of solid-state emitters is a challenge due to the intrinsic aggregation-caused quenching feature of the fluorophores. A conformationally twisted pyridyl π-conjugate as a solid-state emitter is appended with well-known and inexpensive poly(methylmethacrylate) [PMMA] to afford a handy, portable, and reusable solid-state emitting polymer matrix. Entrapment of the probe is noticed through non-covalent interactions, resulting in a green-emitting platform. It quickly accepts a proton upon acid vapor exposure and switches emission from green to red with a significant 107 nm redshift. This shift is reversible with red to green emissions while exposed to base vapor. Thus, polymer-blended, homogeneous red-emitting pyridyl salt is employed as potential material to detect various basic vapors optically. Among different bases, naked-eye detection of essential analytes such as ammonia vapor and melamine shows potential demands. Hence, we have established an easy detection of ammonia vapor and aqueous melamine as low as 2.5 and 0.126 ppm, respectively, using this solid-state emitter that displays an emission color change with an enhancement of emission intensity even in an aqueous solution.
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Liu S, Wang Y, Huang F, Wang H, Yang R, Yang Q, He G, Chen B, Dong R. Associations of exposure to melamine, cyanuric acid, phthalates with markers of early kidney impairment, and their interactions in US adults: analyses of NHANES 2003-2004 data. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:79516-79528. [PMID: 35715676 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Melamine (MEL), cyanuric acid (CYA), and phthalates have kidney toxicity, respectively. Still, no study has explored whether there is an interaction of co-exposure to MEL, CYA, and phthalates on early kidney impairment, including cystatin C (CYST), beta 2-microglobulin (β2-MG), albumin creatinine ratio (ACR), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Urine samples were collected from 333 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004, and urinary MEL, CYA, and ten metabolites of phthalates were quantified. The multiple markers of early kidney impairment were also measured, including serum CYST, β2-MG, urinary ACR, and eGFR. Their associations were explored by multiple linear and multivariate logistic regression models. Meanwhile, the interactions of co-exposure to MEL, CYA, and phthalates on early kidney impairment were analyzed by Wilcoxon rank-sum test combined with the LSD test. In the multiple linear regression model, urinary concentrations of monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), and mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) were positively associated with urinary ACR, serum β2-MG, and CYST, respectively. Urinary concentrations of MBzP and MCPP were negatively associated with eGFR. In the multivariate logistic regression model, increased urinary CYA concentration was the risk factor of CYST abnormality with an odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval, 95% CI) of 2.38 (1.01, 5.60) (P = 0.047) and increased urinary MBzP concentration was the risk factor of ACR abnormality with an OR of 2.59 (1.41, 4.75) (P = 0.002). The co-exposure to MEL, CYA, and four phthalate metabolites (MEHP, MBzP, MCPP, and MECPP) presented significantly interactive effects on the markers of early kidney impairment, respectively. There were the independent and interactive effects of exposure to MEL, CYA, and specific phthalate metabolites on early kidney impairment. Due to co-exposure to multiple environmental chemicals in our daily life, more attention should be paid to the health damage raised by the synergistic effects of environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hangwei Wang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruoru Yang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qifan Yang
- Chemical Laboratory, Jing'an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruihua Dong
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Madhu V, Sivakalai M, Kalarical Janardhanan S, Madurai SL. A new-fangled horizon in leather process to sidestep toxic chrome and formaldehyde using hyperbranched polymer. Chemosphere 2022; 304:135355. [PMID: 35714952 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel chrome-free tanning and formaldehyde-free post tanning process with PEG-melamine base hyperbranched polymer by complexing aluminum (Al3+) present in aluminum sulfate for eco-friendly tanning applications. The hyperbranched polymers PEGM-400-C-Al and PEGM-600-C-Al were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, NMR, UV, and XRD. The molecular weight of polymers was assessed by GPC and subjected to the leather process. The processed crust leathers were analyzed for physical characteristics by tensile strength, tear strength, elongation, and quality assessments by hand evaluation by experts. FE-SEM analyzed collagen fibers and fiber splitting of goat skin, and COD, BOD, and total solid in spent liquor were analyzed and compared. The highlighting feature of hyperbranched polymers is (a) Improved shrinkage temperature (Ts) (85 ± 1 °C), (b) Improved physical-mechanical properties (c) Better BOD, COD, and total solids over the aluminum sulfate tanning process. This study confirmed that hyperbranched polymer is effective for tanning and post-tanning leather, which obviates the need to use toxic chromium and formaldehyde for tanning leathers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Madhu
- Polymer Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India; Department of Leather Technology, (Housed at CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute), Alagappa College of Technology, Anna University, Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Mayakrishnan Sivakalai
- Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Sreeram Kalarical Janardhanan
- Centre for Analysis, Testing, Evaluation& Reporting Services (CATERS) Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Suguna Lakshmi Madurai
- Polymer Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India; Department of Leather Technology, (Housed at CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute), Alagappa College of Technology, Anna University, Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India.
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40
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Hsu YM, Wu CF, Huang MZ, Shiea J, Pan CH, Liu CC, Chen CC, Wang YH, Cheng CM, Wu MT. Avatar-like body imaging of dermal exposure to melamine in factory workers analyzed by ambient mass spectrometry. Chemosphere 2022; 303:134896. [PMID: 35561770 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ambient mass spectrometry thermal desorption-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (TD-ESI/MS) can rapidly identify chemicals without pretreatment of biological samples. This study used a rapid semi-quantitative TD-ESI/MS screening technique for the probe skin sampling of melamine workers occupationally exposed to different ambient melamine concentrations to create avatar-like body images, which were then used to study temporal and dynamic changes in nephrotoxic melamine exposure. We enrolled four voluntary melamine workers from one factory, each from one of four worksites. Melamine exposure was highest in manufacturing and molding, followed by grinding and polishing, packing, and administration, the lowest. Skin samples were collected Friday (end-of-shift) and Monday (pre-shift). Early morning one-spot urine samples were also collected right after skin sampling. 2198 probe skin samples were collected and subjected to semi-quantitative TD-ESI/MS analyses of melamine chemical within 40 h. After normalization, converted body image scores revealed exposure to be highest in the manufacturing worker on Friday and lowest in the administrative worker on Monday. The absolute differences (Friday minus Monday) of normalized body image scores were all significantly positive in each individual worker and across all four workers (permutation test, all p-values < 0.002). The slope estimates of the linear regression line between body image scores and urinary melamine levels were 0.81 (p-value = 0.008). We concluded that this fast and non-invasive technique can potentially be used to study temporal and dynamic changes in exposure to occupational hazards. A future study of developing an automatic and reproducible TD-ESI/MS sampling platform is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Hsu
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Fang Wu
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; International Master Program of Translational Medicine, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Zong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Jentaie Shiea
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hung Pan
- Institute of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Labor, Executive Yuan, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Chu Liu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Chu-Chih Chen
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
| | - Yin-Han Wang
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Mei Cheng
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; PhD Program of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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41
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Wu Q, Li F, Zhu X, Ahn Y, Zhu Y. Isolation and characterization of cyromazine degrading Acinetobacter sp. ZX01 from a Chinese ginger cultivated soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:67765-67775. [PMID: 35522405 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyromazine, a symmetrical triazine insecticide, is used to control dipteran larvae in chicken manure by feeding to the poultry, flies on animals, and leafminers in vegetables. Its extensive use has resulted in the widespread contamination in the environment. In the current study, a cyromazine degrading bacterium (designated strain ZX01) was isolated and characterized from a Chinese ginger cultivated soil by selective enrichment culture method. On the basis of morphological, biochemical characteristics, and 16S rRNA gene sequence, this bacterium showed strong similarity to the Pseudomonadales members and was closely related to the Acinetobacter baumannii group. Spectrophotometric and HPLC analyses revealed that strain ZX01 degraded cyromazine and utilized it as the sole carbon source for its growth. This process hydrolyzes cyromazine to melamine. Strain ZX01 degraded most of the cyromazine in 60 h. Besides, its substrate specificity against four symmetrical triazine herbicides, one triazinone herbicide, as well as 10 insecticides and its antibiotic sensitivity towards eight commercial antibiotics were also tested. At the concentration of 100 µg/mL for 60 h, it could effectively degrade a variety of different pesticides, including atrazine, prometon, simazine, prometryn, enitrothion, diazinon, cypermethrin, and acetamiprid, and the degradation was in the range of 71-87%. In particular, melamine, the main degradation product of cyromazine, was degraded by 47.3%. This microorganism was sensitive to chloramphenicol and tetracycline and intermediate to amoxicillin and trimethoprim. These results highlight that strain ZX01 can be used as a potential biological agent for the remediation of soil, water, or crop contaminated with cyromazine and other symmetrical triazine insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Feifei Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xikai Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Youngjoon Ahn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, WCU Biomodulation Major, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongzhe Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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An QQ, Feng XZ, Zhou ZF, Zhan T, Lian SF, Zhu J, Han GC, Chen Z, Kraatz HB. One step construction of an electrochemical sensor for melamine detection in milk towards an integrated portable system. Food Chem 2022; 383:132403. [PMID: 35158131 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Excessive intake of melamine (MEL) can be harmful to human health, and it is important to establish a rapid and accurate MEL detection method. As the electrochemical activity of MEL is very low, ferrocenylglutathione (Fc-ECG) was used as an electron transfer mediator to assist with the detection of MEL using screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). This modified electrode (MEL/Fc-ECG/SPCE) was prepared by stepwise drop-casting and was fully characterized. Results showed that MEL significantly enhanced signal of Fc-ECG/SPCE sensor due to the three p-π conjugated double bonds that facilitated electron transfer. Under optimal conditions, the sensor exhibits two linearities in the range of 0.20-2.00 μM and 8.00-800 μM, with a sensitivity of 15.03 μA·μM-1·cm-2. The selectivity, stability, and reproducibility were investigated and successfully used to detect MEL in raw milk and confirms safety verification of foods. Moreover, a portable testing platform was designed for MEL detection based on a CH32 chip.
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43
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Duangdeewong C, Choengchan N, Wattanasin P, Teerasong S. Direct determination of ethanol in alcoholic beverages based on its anti-aggregation of melamine-silver nanoparticle assembly. Talanta 2022; 250:123751. [PMID: 35870282 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a new method for determination of ethanol based on anti-aggregation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the presence of melamine. In the system, ethanol and melamine act as protecting and aggregating agents, respectively. Melamine can induce citrate-stabilized AgNPs to aggregate, leading to a color change from yellow to green. However, if the AgNPs are pre-incubated in ethanol, ethanol readily surrounds the particles by forming hydrogen bonds with the citrate stabilizer. An external nanoshell of ethanol hinders particle aggregation caused by melamine. Minor aggregation of AgNPs was observed, the solution color maintained its yellow-orange color. Higher ethanol concentrations result in a lower degree of particle aggregation. The colorimetric response of AgNPs was monitored using a UV-vis spectrophotometer at 390 nm. The current method could determine ethanol concentrations over a wide dynamic range of 5-80% (v/v), with a detection limit of 3.1% (v/v) (3SD of blank/slope). This method was applied for direct quantification of ethanol in alcoholic drinks without sample pretreatment and the results are well correlated with those of gas chromatography. Our method is convenient and cost effective, making it auspicious for ethanol monitoring in alcoholic drink manufacture and control.
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Zhao L, Lu Y, Zhu H, Cheng Z, Wang Y, Chen H, Yao Y, Zhang J, Li X, Sun Z, Zhang C, Sun H. E-waste dismantling-related occupational and routine exposure to melamine and its derivatives: Estimating exposure via dust ingestion and hand-to-mouth contact. Environ Int 2022; 165:107299. [PMID: 35597114 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Melamine (MEL) and its derivatives are increasingly applied as nitrogenous flame retardants in consumer products. Nevertheless, limited information is available on their environmental occurrence and subsequent human exposure via multiple exposure pathways. In this study, we analysed MEL and its derivatives in dust (indication of the dust ingestion route) and hand wipe samples (indication of the hand-to-mouth route) collected in various microenvironments. The levels of ∑MELs in both dust (median: 24,100 ng/g) and participant hand samples (803 ng/m2) collected in e-waste dismantling workshops were significantly higher than those in samples collected in homes (15,600 ng/g and 196 ng/m2, respectively), dormitories (13,100 ng/g and 227 ng/m2, respectively) and hotel rooms (11,800 ng/g and 154 ng/m2, respectively). Generally, MEL dominated in dust samples collected in e-waste dismantling workshops, whereas cyanuric acid dominated in hand wipe samples. This may occur partly because the latter is an ingredient in disinfection products, which are more frequently employed in daily lives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Exposure assessment suggests that dust ingestion is an important exposure pathway among dismantling workers and the general population, whereas hand-to-mouth contact could not be overlooked in certain populations, such as children and dismantling workers not wear gloves at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leicheng Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhipeng Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yiming Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingran Zhang
- SCIEX, Analytical Instrument Trading, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhaoyang Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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45
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Taşci N, Çubuk S, Yetimoğlu EK, Kahraman MV. A novel polymeric fluorescence sensor based on acrylated citric acid for detection of melamine adulteration: Application in milk powder. Food Chem 2022; 394:133525. [PMID: 35749880 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Melamine selective acrylate citric acid (ACA) based polymeric membrane sensor was prepared by radical polymerization method and the sensor was characterized. The sensor showed a selective fluorescent response to melamine (λex/λem = 388/425 nm). The sensor response is linear in the concentration range of 3.96 × 10-9 to 7.93 × 10-8 mol L-1, the optimum pH value is 6.0 and response time is less than 1 min. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were calculated as 2.32 × 10-10 mol L-1 and as 7.74 × 10-10 mol L-1, respectively. The sensor showed great selectivity towards melamine in the presence of a large number of molecules and ions. The performance of sensor was also confirmed by determining of melamine in milk powder sample and the results were compared with HPLC results and acceptable results were obtained. As a conclusion, the results revealed that the proposed sensor is an interesting alternative for melamine determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neşe Taşci
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Soner Çubuk
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ece Kök Yetimoğlu
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Memet Vezir Kahraman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
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46
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Chen S, Li Q, Tian D, Ke P, Yang X, Wu Q, Chen J, Hu C, Ji H. Assembly of long silver nanowires into highly aligned structure to achieve uniform "Hot Spots" for Surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 273:121030. [PMID: 35189488 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanowires (AgNWs) as a promising surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate could be used in the analytical science due to its high sensitivity. However, it is difficult for the randomly-distributed silver nanowires to offer uniform "hot spots" to achieve the SERS signal reproducibility of small molecules detection. Herein, the evaporation-induced aggregation had been used to assemble long silver nanowires into highly aligned structure to achieve uniform "hot spots" for SERS detection. The normal glass slide with well-aligned silver nanowires could act as a high sensitivity and excellent reproducibility SERS substrate to provide a versatile platform for detecting analytes. Rhodamine 6G (R6G) is used to evaluate the sensitivity and reproducibility of these AgNWs SERS substrates. Even the low concentration of the R6G was 10-10 mol/L, the SERS features of R6G could be still observed clearly, and the uniform distribution of enhancement factor (EF) was higher than 0.8 × 104 accounting for about 75 % in the observed mapping area. Moreover, the relative standard deviation (RSD) of SERS intensity at the band of 610 cm-1 was used to estimate the signal reproducibility, and the calculated RSD value of aligned AgNWs substrate was about 3.6%, which was much higher than that of the randomly distributed AgNWs (26.8%) because of the highly aligned structure of silver nanowires with abundant and uniform inherent "hot spots". In addition, potential SERS detection of other small molecule, e.g. melamine was also demonstrated in the micromolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Du Tian
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Pai Ke
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Qingyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chenglong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Hongbing Ji
- Fine Chemical Industry Research Institute, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Hu T, Xu J, Shang M, Zhao Q, Cao Y. Photonic crystal sensor for melamine based on magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles self-assembled with an amphiphilic random copolymer. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:215. [PMID: 35524922 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (MMINPs) were obtained with a one-step process through miniemulsion self-assembly using an amphiphilic random copolymer as both an emulsifier and MMINP coating, oleic acid-modified magnetite nanoparticles as magnetic cores, and melamine (MEL) as the template molecule. MMINPs were assembled under an external magnetic field to construct photonic crystal (PC) sensor for naked-eye detection of MEL. The MMINPs were characterized by FT-IR, TEM, TGA, and VSM. The analytical performances of the magnetic molecularly imprinted PC sensor for MEL (MEL-MMIPCs) were investigated with respect to sensitivity, response time, selectivity, and stability. As the MEL concentration increases from 1.0 to 1.0 × 106 μg/l, the reflection wavelength of MEL-MMIPCs shifted from 497 to 709 nm, and was linear with the logarithm of MEL concentration in this range. The detection limit was 0.21 μg/l (S/N = 3) and response time was within 30 s. The MEL-MMIPC sensor had an imprinting factor of 5.09, and selectivity factors for the analogs cyanuric acid and atrazine were 8.76 and 5.75, respectively, indicating the high sensitivity and selectivity. After 10 cycles of elution/response, MEL-MMIPCs still had a good ability to recognize MEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyi Hu
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jiasheng Xu
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Meng Shang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yuhua Cao
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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48
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Kong Y, Lei T, He Y, Song G. Background-free room temperature phosphorescence and digital image colorimetry detection of melamine by carbon nitride quantum dots in cellulose matrix with smartphone-based portable device. Food Chem 2022; 390:133135. [PMID: 35597095 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs) were embedded in the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) matrix to form CNQDs-CMC film to explore the room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of CNQDs, which suppress the non-radiative relaxation process due to the internal hydrogen bonding interactions between CMC and CNQDs. Then, a simple, inexpensive, background-free miniature device integrating with CNQDs-CMC film and smartphone was fabricated for rapid and quantitative detection of melamine (MEL). In the present of MEL, the yellow RTP color of the CNQDs-CMC film was quenched and photographed by the smartphone. The Color Recognizer APP in the smartphone recognized the red (R) value for quantitative detection of MEL. Thus, digital image colorimetry (DIC) determination of MEL was achieved due to the visible RTP color change of CNQDs-CMC film. The smartphone-based miniature device provided a promising platform for the on-site monitoring analytes in the complex matrix including food safety, environmental screening, health monitoring, and disease prevention.
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49
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Ge K, Wu Q, Li Y, Gu Y. High and stable surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy activity of h-BN nanosheet/Au 1Ag 3 nanoalloy hybrid membrane for melamine determination. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 271:120952. [PMID: 35123190 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)/AuAg nanoalloy hybrids (NAHs) was synthesized to fabricate h-BN/Au1Ag3 membrane as a solid surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate for sensitive SERS detection of melamine. The AuAg nanoalloys were in situ grown on h-BN by chemical reduction method, and the Au/Ag molar ratio was tuned to achieve optimal SERS performance. After the SERS performance of h-BN/AuAg NAHs with different Au/Ag ratios was analyzed, h-BN/Au1Ag3 NAHs were chosen for SERS analysis. The h-BN/Au1Ag3 membrane can be obtained through simple filtration of h-BN/Au1Ag3 NAHs on chromatographic paper. As expected, the solid SERS substrates of h-BN/Au1Ag3 membrane were uniform and demonstrated good selectivity, repeatability and reproducibility for SERS detection of melamine. The results demonstrate that h-BN/Au1Ag3 membrane exhibited high SERS activity for 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) with limit of detection (LOD) at 1.0 ng L-1, and its analytical enhancement factor (AEF) reached 3.6 × 108. The possible enhancement mechanism, including electromagnetic mechanisms (EM) and chemical mechanisms (CM) were illustrated by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and density functional theory (DFT) simulations in detail, respectively. The concentration of melamine in the 0.05-5.0 mg L-1 range showed good linear relationship (R2 = 0.9940) with SERS intensity with LOD of 0.01 mg L-1. Finally, the recoveries of melamine in liquid milk samples are 87.7-105.7% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) in range of 0.6-2.6%, providing precise safety evaluation of melamine in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ge
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qiyue Wu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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Bouma K, Kalsbeek-van Wijk DK, Sijm DTHM. Migration of formaldehyde from 'biobased' bamboo/ melamine cups: A Dutch retail survey. Chemosphere 2022; 292:133439. [PMID: 34968515 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo/melamine cups had become popular, due to their ecofriendly and sustainable image. Some cups are marketed as biobased and biodegradable. These cups are made from melamine-formaldehyde resin to which bamboo fibers or powder are added. They may release formaldehyde and melamine into the beverage. In 2019 the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority conducted a market study. 46 cups were sampled in duplicate and tested for formaldehyde migration. 88% of the cups complied with the migration limit of 15 mg/kg. Some cups showed very high migration values, over 200 mg/kg. There is a high exposure of formaldehyde from other sources (food, environment). When applying a realistic worst-case scenario of a daily intake of 0.4 L of beverage from the cups, the health based guidance value is exceeded at a migration of 19 mg/kg and higher. For some of the cups that had a high migration of formaldehyde, health risks may occur. For food-utensils for babies and young children, the exposure is higher due to their lower body weight. The SML does not provide sufficient protection for babies and young children. Bamboo is not authorized in the EU as additive for plastic food contact materials. Therefore the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and other EU member states have actively banned these products from the market. Finally, bamboo/melamine tableware would suggest having a 'green' image and would contribute to the goals of the circular economy to use biobased raw materials, but by using it in combination with melamine-formaldehyde resin may affect food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bouma
- Office for Risk Assessment & Research, The Netherlands Food and Product Safety Authority (NVWA), Nederlandse Voedsel- en Warenautoriteit, Catherijnesingel 59, 3511 GG, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - D K Kalsbeek-van Wijk
- Chemical & Microbiological Product Safety Laboratory, The Netherlands Food and Product Safety Authority (NVWA), PO box 43006, 3540 AA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - D T H M Sijm
- Office for Risk Assessment & Research, The Netherlands Food and Product Safety Authority (NVWA), Nederlandse Voedsel- en Warenautoriteit, Catherijnesingel 59, 3511 GG, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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