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Li T, Jiao J, Ke H, Ouyang W, Wang L, Pan J, Li X. Role of exosomes in the development of the immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1200201. [PMID: 37457718 PMCID: PMC10339802 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1200201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous improved treatment methods used in recent years, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still a disease with a high mortality rate. Many recent studies have shown that immunotherapy has great potential for cancer treatment. Exosomes play a significant role in negatively regulating the immune system in HCC. Understanding how these exosomes play a role in innate and adaptive immunity in HCC can significantly improve the immunotherapeutic effects on HCC. Further, engineered exosomes can deliver different drugs and RNA molecules to regulate the immune microenvironment of HCC by regulating the aforementioned immune pathway, thereby significantly improving the mortality rate of HCC. This study aimed to declare the role of exosomes in the development of the immune microenvironment in HCC and list engineered exosomes that could be used for clinical transformation therapy. These findings might be beneficial for clinical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanghua Li
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiapeng Jiao
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoteng Ke
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenshan Ouyang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luobin Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Pan
- The Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hongkong, Hongkong SAR, China
| | - Xin Li
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Abdelkhalek AS, Kothayer H, Rezq S, Orabi KY, Romero DG, El-Sabbagh OI. Synthesis of new multitarget-directed ligands containing thienopyrimidine nucleus for inhibition of 15-lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenases, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115443. [PMID: 37182334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A new series of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives 4, 5, 6a-o, and 11 was designed and synthesized starting from cyclohexanone under Gewald condition with the aim to develop multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) having anti-inflammatory properties against both 15-LOX and COX-2 enzymes. Moreover, the potential of the compounds against the proinflammatory mediators NO, ROS, TNF-α, and IL-6 were tested in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Compound 6o showed the greatest 15-LOX inhibitory effect (IC50 = 1.17 μM) which was superior to that of the reference nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA, IC50 = 1.28 μM); meanwhile, compounds 6h, 6g, 11, and 4 exhibited potent activities (IC50 = 1.29-1.77 μM). The ester 4 (SI = 137.37) and the phenyl-substituted acetohydrazide 11 (SI = 132.26) showed the highest COX-2 selectivity, which was about 28 times more selective than the reference drug diclofenac (SI = 4.73), however, it was lower than that of celecoxib (SI = 219.25). Interestingly, compound 6o, which showed the highest 15-LOX inhibitory activity and 5 times higher COX-2 selectivity than diclofenac, showed a greater poteny in reducing NO (IC50 = 7.77 μM) than both celecoxib (IC50 = 22.89 μM) and diclofenac (IC50 = 25.34), but comparable activity in inhibiting TNF-α (IC50 = 11.27) to diclofenac (IC50 = 10.45 μM). Similarly, compounds 11 and 6h were more potent in reducing TNF-α and IL6 levels than diclofenac, meanwhile, compound 4 reduced ROS, NO, IL6, and TNF-α levels with comparable potency to the reference drugs celecoxib and diclofenac. Furthermore, docking studies for our compounds within 15-LOX and COX-2 active sites revealed good agreement with the biological evaluations. The proposed compounds could be promising multi-targeted anti-inflammatory candidates to treat resistant inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Abdelkhalek
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Hend Kothayer
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Samar Rezq
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Khaled Y Orabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, 13110, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Damian G Romero
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Osama I El-Sabbagh
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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3
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Alba MM, Ebright B, Hua B, Slarve I, Zhou Y, Jia Y, Louie SG, Stiles BL. Eicosanoids and other oxylipins in liver injury, inflammation and liver cancer development. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1098467. [PMID: 36818443 PMCID: PMC9932286 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1098467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a malignancy developed from underlying liver disease that encompasses liver injury and metabolic disorders. The progression from these underlying liver disease to cancer is accompanied by chronic inflammatory conditions in which liver macrophages play important roles in orchestrating the inflammatory response. During this process, bioactive lipids produced by hepatocytes and macrophages mediate the inflammatory responses by acting as pro-inflammatory factors, as well as, playing roles in the resolution of inflammation conditions. Here, we review the literature discussing the roles of bioactive lipids in acute and chronic hepatic inflammation and progression to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario M. Alba
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Brandon Ebright
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Brittney Hua
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Ielyzaveta Slarve
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Yiren Zhou
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Yunyi Jia
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Stan G. Louie
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Bangyan L. Stiles
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States,Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States,*Correspondence: Bangyan L. Stiles,
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4
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Wang X, Guo W, Shi X, Chen Y, Yu Y, Du B, Tan M, Tong L, Wang A, Yin X, Guo J, Martin RC, Bai O, Li Y. S1PR1/S1PR3-YAP signaling and S1P-ALOX15 signaling contribute to an aggressive behavior in obesity-lymphoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:3. [PMID: 36600310 PMCID: PMC9814427 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess body weight has been found to associate with an increased risk of lymphomas and some metabolic pathways are currently recognized in lymphomagenesis. Bioactive lipid metabolites such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have been proposed to play an important role linking obesity and lymphomas. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of S1P signaling in obesity-lymphomagenesis have not been well addressed. METHODS The gene expression of sphingosine kinase (SPHK), lymphoma prognosis, and S1P production were analyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and human lymphoma tissue array. Obesity-lymphoma mouse models and lymphoma cell lines were used to investigate the S1P/SPHK-YAP axis contributing to obesity-lymphomagenesis. By using the mouse models and a monocyte cell line, S1P-mediated polarization of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment were investigated. RESULTS In human study, up-regulated S1P/SPHK1 was found in human lymphomas, while obesity negatively impacted progression-free survival and overall survival in lymphoma patients. In animal study, obesity-lymphoma mice showed an aggressive tumor growth pattern. Both in vivo and in vitro data suggested the existence of S1P-YAP axis in lymphoma cells, while the S1P-ALOX15 signaling mediated macrophage polarization towards TAMs exacerbated the lymphomagenesis. In addition, treatment with resveratrol in obesity-lymphoma mice showed profound effects of anti-lymphomagenesis, via down-regulating S1P-YAP axis and modulating polarization of macrophages. CONCLUSION S1P/S1PR initiated the feedback loops, whereby S1P-S1PR1/S1PR3-YAP signaling mediated lymphomagenesis contributing to tumor aggressive growth, while S1P-ALOX15 signaling mediated TAMs contributing to immunosuppressive microenvironment in obesity-lymphoma. S1P-targeted therapy could be potentially effective and immune-enhancive against obesity-lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingtong Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoju Shi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Youxi Yu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Beibei Du
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Min Tan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Anna Wang
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xianying Yin
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Robert C Martin
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Ou Bai
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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Liu L, Liao R, Wu Z, Du C, You Y, Que K, Duan Y, Yin K, Ye W. Hepatic stellate cell exosome-derived circWDR25 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via the miRNA-4474-3P-ALOX-15 and EMT axes. Biosci Trends 2022; 16:267-281. [PMID: 35934785 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2022.01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the emerging role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in tumor development and progression has been a topic of great interest. Nevertheless, the effects of hepatic stellate cell (HSC)-derived exosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Here, we aim to explore the potential effect of HSC exosome-derived circWDR25 on the aggressiveness of HCC. Firstly, a microarray analysis of circRNAs was performed to profile and identify the differentially expressed circRNAs derived from HSC exosomes activated by HCC cells. Subsequently, the roles of circWDR25 in HCC tumor growth and aggressiveness were confirmed through in vitro and in vivo functional experiments. Moreover, RNA pull-down, dual-luciferase reporter assays, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to determine interactions in the circWDR25-miR-4474-3p-ALOX15 loop. Immunohistochemical analysis was also performed on a microarray of HCC tissues and peritumoral tissues. We found that overexpressed peritumoral circWDR25 was associated with survival and recurrence in patients with HCC and promoted the progression of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, both exogenous and HSC exosomal-derived circWDR25 regulated the expression of ALOX15 by sponging miR-4474-3p and ultimately inducing an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC cells. Moreover, exogenous and HSC exosomal-derived circWDR25 promoted the expression of CTLA-4 in HSCs and PD-L1 in HCC cells. In conclusion, circWDR25 facilitated HCC cell proliferation and invasion via the circWDR25/miR-4474-3p/ALOX15 and EMT axes and it promoted the expression of CTLA-4 in HSCs and PD-L1 in HCC cells, thus providing insights into the mechanism of tumor aggressiveness mediated by HSC-derived exosomal circWDR25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongjun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengyou Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu You
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Keting Que
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxin Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kunli Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wentao Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Hall DCN, Benndorf RA. Aspirin sensitivity of PIK3CA-mutated Colorectal Cancer: potential mechanisms revisited. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:393. [PMID: 35780223 PMCID: PMC9250486 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PIK3CA mutations are amongst the most prevalent somatic mutations in cancer and are associated with resistance to first-line treatment along with low survival rates in a variety of malignancies. There is evidence that patients carrying PIK3CA mutations may benefit from treatment with acetylsalicylic acid, commonly known as aspirin, particularly in the setting of colorectal cancer. In this regard, it has been clarified that Class IA Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K), whose catalytic subunit p110α is encoded by the PIK3CA gene, are involved in signal transduction that regulates cell cycle, cell growth, and metabolism and, if disturbed, induces carcinogenic effects. Although PI3K is associated with pro-inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and signaling, and COX-2 is among the best-studied targets of aspirin, the mechanisms behind this clinically relevant phenomenon are still unclear. Indeed, there is further evidence that the protective, anti-carcinogenic effect of aspirin in this setting may be mediated in a COX-independent manner. However, until now the understanding of aspirin's prostaglandin-independent mode of action is poor. This review will provide an overview of the current literature on this topic and aims to analyze possible mechanisms and targets behind the aspirin sensitivity of PIK3CA-mutated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella C N Hall
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ralf A Benndorf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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7
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Biswas P, Datta C, Rathi P, Bhattacharjee A. Fatty acids and their lipid mediators in the induction of cellular apoptosis in cancer cells. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2022; 160:106637. [PMID: 35341977 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic and linoleic acid through enzymes like lipoxygenases (LOXs) are common and often leads to the production of various bioactive lipids that are important both in acute inflammation and its resolution and thus in disease progression. Amongst the several isoforms of LOX that are expressed in mammals, 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) has shown to be crucial in the context of inflammation. Moreover, being expressed in cells of the immune system, as well as in epithelial cells; the enzyme has been shown to crosstalk with a number of important signalling pathways. Mounting evidences from recent reports suggest that 15-LOX has anti-cancer activities which are dependent or independent of its metabolites, and is executed through several downstream pathways like cGMP, PPAR, p53, p21 and NAG-1. However, it is still unclear whether the up-regulation of 15-LOX is associated with cancer cell apoptosis. Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), on the other hand, is a mitochondrial flavoenzyme which is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inflammation and in many other neurological disorders. MAO-A has also been reported as a potential therapeutic target in different types of cancers like prostate cancer, lung cancer etc. In this review, we discussed about the role of fatty acids and their lipid mediators in cancer cell apoptosis. Here we particularly focused on the contribution of oxidative enzymes like 15-LOX and MAO-A in mediating apoptosis in lung cancer cell after fatty acid induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Biswas
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Chandreyee Datta
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Parul Rathi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashish Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India.
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8
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Heinrich L, Booijink R, Khurana A, Weiskirchen R, Bansal R. Lipoxygenases in chronic liver diseases: current insights and future perspectives. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 43:188-205. [PMID: 34961619 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases (CLDs) caused by viral infections, alcohol/drug abuse, or metabolic disorders affect millions of people globally and have increased mortality owing to the lack of approved therapies. Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of multifaceted enzymes that are responsible for the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and are implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple disorders including liver diseases. This review describes the three main LOX signaling pathways - 5-, 12-, and 15-LOX - and their involvement in CLDs. We also provide recent insights and future perspectives on LOX-related hepatic pathophysiology, and discuss the potential of LOXs and LOX-derived metabolites as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CLDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Heinrich
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Center, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Richell Booijink
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Center, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Amit Khurana
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Center, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands; Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) University Hospital Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany; Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) University Hospital Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Center, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands.
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9
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Alvarez MDL, Lorenzetti F. Role of eicosanoids in liver repair, regeneration and cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114732. [PMID: 34411565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are lipid signaling molecules derived from the oxidation of ω-6 fatty acids, usually arachidonic acid. There are three major pathways, including the cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and P450 cytochrome epoxygenase (CYP) pathway. Prostanoids, which include prostaglandins (PG) and thromboxanes (Tx), are formed via the COX pathway, leukotrienes (LT) and lipoxins (LX) by the action of 5-LOX, and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) by CYP. Although eicosanoids are usually associated with pro-inflammatory responses, non-classic eicosanoids, as LX, have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties. Eicosanoids like PGE2, LTB4 and EETs have been involved in promoting liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. PGE2 and LTB4 have also been reported to participate in the regenerative phase after ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), while cysteinyl leukotrienes (Cys-LT) contribute to the inflammatory process associated with I/R and are also involved in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. However, LX, another product of 5-LOX, have the opposite effect, acting as pro-resolving mediators in these pathologies. In liver cancer, most studies show that eicosanoids, with the exception of LX, promote the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and favor metastasis. This review summarizes the synthesis of different eicosanoids in the liver and discusses key findings from basic research linking eicosanoids to liver repair, regeneration and cancer and the impact of targeting eicosanoid cascade. In addition, studies in patients are presented that explore the potential use of eicosanoids as biomarkers and show correlations between eicosanoid production and the course and prognosis of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de Luján Alvarez
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, CONICET, UNR, Suipacha 570 (S2002LRL), Rosario, Argentina; Área Morfología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, UNR, Suipacha 570 (S2002LRL), Rosario, Argentina; Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS) Sede Regional Rosario, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Av. Pellegrini 1618 (S2000BUG), Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Florencia Lorenzetti
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, CONICET, UNR, Suipacha 570 (S2002LRL), Rosario, Argentina
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10
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Alzarea SI, Elmaidomy AH, Saber H, Musa A, Al-Sanea MM, Mostafa EM, Hendawy OM, Youssif KA, Alanazi AS, Alharbi M, Sayed AM, Abdelmohsen UR. Potential Anticancer Lipoxygenase Inhibitors from the Red Sea-Derived Brown Algae Sargassum cinereum: An In-Silico-Supported In-Vitro Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:416. [PMID: 33920213 PMCID: PMC8069941 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
LC-MS-assisted metabolomic profiling of the Red Sea-derived brown algae Sargassum cinereum "Sargassaceae" dereplicated eleven compounds 1-11. Further phytochemical investigation afforded two new aryl cresol 12-13, along with eight known compounds 14-21. Both new metabolites, along with 19, showed moderate in vitro antiproliferative activity against HepG2, MCF-7, and Caco-2. Pharmacophore-based virtual screening suggested both 5-LOX and 15-LOX as the most probable target linked to their observed antiproliferative activity. The in vitro enzyme assays revealed 12 and 13 were able to inhibit 5-LOX more preferentially than 15-LOX, while 19 showed a convergent inhibitory activity toward both enzymes. Further in-depth in silico investigation revealed the molecular interactions inside both enzymes' active sites and explained the varying inhibitory activity for 12 and 13 toward 5-LOX and 15-LOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia; (S.I.A.); (O.M.H.)
| | - Abeer H. Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Hani Saber
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (E.M.M.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ehab M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (E.M.M.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Omnia Magdy Hendawy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia; (S.I.A.); (O.M.H.)
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Khayrya A. Youssif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11371, Egypt;
| | - Abdullah S. Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia;
- Health Sciences Research Unit, Jouf university, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed M. Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 7 Universities Zone, New Minia 61111, Egypt
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11
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Evangelista EA, Cho CW, Aliwarga T, Totah RA. Expression and Function of Eicosanoid-Producing Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Solid Tumors. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:828. [PMID: 32581794 PMCID: PMC7295938 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxylipins derived from the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) act as important paracrine and autocrine signaling molecules. A subclass of oxylipins, the eicosanoids, have a broad range of physiological outcomes in inflammation, the immune response, cardiovascular homeostasis, and cell growth regulation. Consequently, eicosanoids are implicated in the pathophysiology of various diseases, most notably cancer, where eicosanoid mediated signaling is involved in tumor development, progression, and angiogenesis. Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are a superfamily of heme monooxygenases generally involved in the clearance of xenobiotics while a subset of isozymes oxidize PUFAs to eicosanoids. Several eicosanoid forming CYPs are overexpressed in tumors, elevating eicosanoid levels and suggesting a key function in tumorigenesis and progression of tumors in the lung, breast, prostate, and kidney. This review summarizes the current understanding of CYPs' involvement in solid tumor etiology and progression providing supporting public data for gene expression from The Cancer Genome Atlas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Evangelista
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Christi W Cho
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Theresa Aliwarga
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Rheem A Totah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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12
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Nouri-Vaskeh M, Alizadeh L, Hajiasgharzadeh K, Mokhtarzadeh A, Halimi M, Baradaran B. The role of HSP90 molecular chaperones in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9110-9120. [PMID: 32452023 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Misfolded proteins have enhanced formation of toxic oligomers and nonfunctional protein copies lead to recruiting wild-type protein types. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone generated by cells that are involved in many cellular functions through regulation of folding and/or localization of large multi-protein complexes as well as client proteins. HSP90 can regulate a number of different cellular processes including cell proliferation, motility, angiogenesis, signal transduction, and adaptation to stress. HSP90 makes the mutated oncoproteins able to avoid misfolding and degradation and permits the malignant transformation. As a result, HSP90 is an important factor in several signaling pathways associated with tumorigenicity, therapy resistance, and inhibiting apoptosis. Clinically, the upregulation of HSP90 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is linked with advanced stages and inappropriate survival in cases suffering from this kind of cancer. The present review comprehensively assesses HSP90 functions and its possible usefulness as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic option for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Nouri-Vaskeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Alizadeh
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Monireh Halimi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Tan G, Zhang GY, Xu J, Kang CW, Yan ZK, Lei M, Pu XB, Dong CC. PLA2G10 facilitates the cell-cycle progression of soft tissue leiomyosarcoma cells at least by elevating cyclin E1/CDK2 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:525-531. [PMID: 32423798 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Soft tissue leiomyosarcoma (STLMS) is a major histological subtype of adult sarcoma. Although the molecular mechanisms ofLMS have been gradually revealed, no valid therapeutic targets have been identified. In this study, we performed a systematic screening to explore relapse-associated genes in STLMS, using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas-Sarcoma (TCGA-SARC). Then, we investigated the functional role of the gene with the best relapse-prediction value in STLMS by both in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Results showed that AMH and PLA2G10 were two genes with area under curve (AUC) values higher than 0.80 in ROC analysis when detecting relapse. Patients in the high AMH or PLA2G10 expression group had significantly worse relapse-free survival (RFS) compared to the respective low expression group. PLA2G10 was highly expressed in STLMS, but not in other sarcoma subtypes. PLA2G10 overexpression promoted SK-LMS-1 cell growth and G1/S transition, while PLA2G10 knockdown slowed the growth and resulted in G1 phase arrest. PLA2G10 overexpression markedly increased the expression of CDK2 and cyclin E1, but did not influence CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1, CDK1 or cyclin A expression. PLA2G10 overexpression enhanced SK-LMS-1 cell-derived xenograft tumor growth in nude mice, while PLA2G10 inhibition slowed the growth. Mutation of two critical catalyzing amino acid residues (p.H88A and p.D89A) abrogated the capability of PLA2G10 to catalyze the production of arachidonic acid (AA), and also canceled the regulatory effects on cyclin E1 and CDK2 expression, as well as G1/S transition. In conclusion, PLA2G10 was a specific relapse-associated gene in STLMS. It facilitated the cell-cycle progression of STLMS cells at least by elevating the expression of cyclin E1 and CDK2. The hydrolytic activity was crucial for its oncogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Guang-Yan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 7th Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Anesthesia Operation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhao-Kui Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Mei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Pu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Chang-Chao Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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14
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Further insight into the dual COX-2 and 15-LOX anti-inflammatory activity of 1,3,4-thiadiazole-thiazolidinone hybrids: The contribution of the substituents at 5th positions is size dependent. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103657. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Dash S, Kinney NA, Varghese RT, Garner HR, Feng WC, Anandakrishnan R. Differentiating between cancer and normal tissue samples using multi-hit combinations of genetic mutations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1005. [PMID: 30700767 PMCID: PMC6353925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is known to result from a combination of a small number of genetic defects. However, the specific combinations of mutations responsible for the vast majority of cancers have not been identified. Current computational approaches focus on identifying driver genes and mutations. Although individually these mutations can increase the risk of cancer they do not result in cancer without additional mutations. We present a fundamentally different approach for identifying the cause of individual instances of cancer: we search for combinations of genes with carcinogenic mutations (multi-hit combinations) instead of individual driver genes or mutations. We developed an algorithm that identified a set of multi-hit combinations that differentiate between tumor and normal tissue samples with 91% sensitivity (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 89-92%) and 93% specificity (95% CI = 91-94%) on average for seventeen cancer types. We then present an approach based on mutational profile that can be used to distinguish between driver and passenger mutations within these genes. These combinations, with experimental validation, can aid in better diagnosis, provide insights into the etiology of cancer, and provide a rational basis for designing targeted combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajal Dash
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Nicholas A Kinney
- Biomedical Sciences, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Gibbs Cancer Center and Research Institute, Spartanburg, SC, USA
| | - Robin T Varghese
- Biomedical Sciences, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Gibbs Cancer Center and Research Institute, Spartanburg, SC, USA
| | - Harold R Garner
- Biomedical Sciences, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Gibbs Cancer Center and Research Institute, Spartanburg, SC, USA
| | - Wu-Chun Feng
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ramu Anandakrishnan
- Biomedical Sciences, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Gibbs Cancer Center and Research Institute, Spartanburg, SC, USA.
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16
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Yang L, Ma C, Zhang L, Zhang M, Li F, Zhang C, Yu X, Wang X, He S, Zhu D, Song Y. 15-Lipoxygenase-2/15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid regulates cell proliferation and metastasis via the STAT3 pathway in lung adenocarcinoma. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 138:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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17
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Çolakoğlu M, Tunçer S, Banerjee S. Emerging cellular functions of the lipid metabolizing enzyme 15-Lipoxygenase-1. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12472. [PMID: 30062726 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic and linoleic acid through lipoxygenases (LOXs) and cyclooxygenases (COXs) leads to the production of bioactive lipids that are important both in the induction of acute inflammation and its resolution. Amongst the several isoforms of LOX that are expressed in mammals, 15-LOX-1 was shown to be important both in the context of inflammation, being expressed in cells of the immune system, and in epithelial cells where the enzyme has been shown to crosstalk with a number of important signalling pathways. This review looks into the latest developments in understanding the role of 15-LOX-1 in different disease states with emphasis on the emerging role of the enzyme in the tumour microenvironment as well as a newly re-discovered form of cell death called ferroptosis. We also discuss future perspectives on the feasibility of use of this protein as a target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Çolakoğlu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sinem Tunçer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sreeparna Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Orafaie A, Matin MM, Sadeghian H. The importance of 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors in cancer treatment. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2018; 37:397-408. [DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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19
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Lai KP, Lee JCY, Wan HT, Li JW, Wong AYM, Chan TF, Oger C, Galano JM, Durand T, Leung KS, Leung CC, Li R, Wong CKC. Effects of in Utero PFOS Exposure on Transcriptome, Lipidome, and Function of Mouse Testis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:8782-8794. [PMID: 28654245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptomic and LC-MS/MS-based targeted lipidomic analyses were conducted to identify the effects of in utero PFOS exposure on neonatal testes and its relation to testicular dysfunction in adult offspring. Pregnant mice were orally administered 0.3 and 3 μg PFOS/g body weight until term. Neonatal testes (P1) were collected for the detection of PFOS, and were subjected to omics study. Integrated pathway analyses using DAVID, KEGG, and IPA underlined the effects of PFOS exposure on lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and cell junction signaling in testes. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that the levels of adrenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in testes were significantly reduced in the PFOS treatment groups. A significant linear decreasing trend in eicosapentaenoic acid and DHA with PFOS concentrations was observed. Moreover, LOX-mediated 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) and 15-HETE from arachidonic acid in the testes were significantly elevated and a linear increasing trend of 15-HETE concentrations was detected with doses of PFOS. The perturbations of lipid mediators suggested that PFOS has potential negative impacts on testicular functions. Postnatal analysis of male offspring at P63 showed significant reductions in serum testosterone and epididymal sperm count. This study sheds light into the as yet unrevealed action of PFOS on lipid mediators in affecting testicular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng Po Lai
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| | | | - Hin Ting Wan
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong
| | - Jing Woei Li
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| | - Aman Yi-Man Wong
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier , Montpellier, France
| | - Kin Sum Leung
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| | - Cherry C Leung
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong
| | - Rong Li
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong
| | - Chris Kong-Chu Wong
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong
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20
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Guo H, Eleftheriadis N, Rohr-Udilova N, Dömling A, Dekker FJ. Photoactivation provides a mechanistic explanation for pan-assay interference behaviour of 2-aminopyrroles in lipoxygenase inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:633-643. [PMID: 28843180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human 15-lipoxygenase-1 (h-15-LOX-1) is a promising drug target in inflammation and cancer. In this study substitution-oriented screening (SOS) has been used to identify compounds with a 2-aminopyrrole scaffold as inhibitors for h-15-LOX-1. The observed structure activity relationships (SAR) proved to be relatively flat. IC50's for the most potent inhibitor of the series did not surpass 6.3 μM and the enzyme kinetics demonstrated uncompetitive inhibition. Based on this, we hypothesized that the investigated 2-aminopyrroles are pan assay interference compounds (PAINS) with photoactivation via a radical mechanism. Our results demonstrated clear photoactivation of h-15-LOX-1 inhibition under UV and visible light. In addition, the investigated 2-aminopyrroles decreased viability of cultured human hepatocarcinoma cells HCC-1.2 in a dose-dependent manner with LD50 ranging from 0.55 ± 0.15 μM (21B10) to 2.75 ± 0.91 μM (22). Taken together, this indicates that photoactivation can play an important role in the biological activity of compounds with a 2-amino-pyrrole scaffold as investigated here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolaos Eleftheriadis
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nataliya Rohr-Udilova
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Dömling
- Drug Design, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J Dekker
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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21
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Chen CY, Lin P, Tsai MH, Lee HL. Targeted lipidomics profiling of acute arsenic exposure in mice serum by on-line solid-phase extraction stable-isotope dilution liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:3079-3091. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-1937-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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Dou P, Zhang D, Cheng Z, Zhou G, Zhang L. PKIB promotes cell proliferation and the invasion-metastasis cascade through the PI3K/Akt pathway in NSCLC cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:1911-1918. [PMID: 27325557 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216655908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major subtype of lung cancer. Overgrowth of tumor cells usually results from the intensive proliferation of cancer cells, but the mechanisms by which the proliferation of cancer cells are promoted are currently unclear. Thus, it is necessary to determine the vital factors involved in regulating the growth of NSCLC. The MTT assay, BrdU assay, western blots, and migration and invasion assays were used in our study. Here, we found that PKIB (cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor-β), a novel molecular target, was up-regulated in NSCLC tissues compared with the normal tissues adjacent to the tumors. Moreover, overexpression of PKIB promoted cell proliferation and potentiated the invasion and migration in A549 cells, whereas knocking down PKIB gene expression inhibited the proliferation and attenuated the invasive behavior and metastasis in H1299 cells. However, all of these effects of PKIB on cell proliferation and metastasis were reduced by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway. Our results indicate that PKIB promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway in NSCLC, implying that this is an important underlying mechanism that affects the progression of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Dou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, China Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, China
| | - Zhuoxin Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, China
| | - Linyou Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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23
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Li Q, Mao M, Qiu Y, Liu G, Sheng T, Yu X, Wang S, Zhu D. Key Role of ROS in the Process of 15-Lipoxygenase/15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoiccid-Induced Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Hypoxia Pulmonary Hypertension. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149164. [PMID: 26871724 PMCID: PMC4752324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) and its metabolite 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) were up-regulated in pulmonary arterial cells from both pulmonary artery hypertension patients and hypoxic rats and that these factors mediated the progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) by affecting the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary arterial (PA) cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of the remodeling induced by 15-HETE have remained unclear. As reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 15-LO are both induced by hypoxia, it is possible that ROS are involved in the events of hypoxia-induced 15-LO expression that lead to PH. We employed immunohistochemistry, tube formation assays, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays, and cell cycle analyses to explore the role of ROS in the process of 15-HETE-mediated hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). We found that exogenous 15-HETE facilitated the generation of ROS and that this effect was mainly localized to mitochondria. In particular, the mitochondrial electron transport chain and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4) were responsible for the significant 15-HETE-stimulated increase in ROS production. Moreover, ROS induced by 15-HETE stimulated endothelial cell (EC) migration and promoted pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation under hypoxia via the p38 MAPK pathway. These results indicated that 15-HETE-regulated ROS mediated hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) via the p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Bio-pharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Harbin, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanli Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Gaofeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Sheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiufeng Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Daling Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Bio-pharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Harbin, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- * E-mail:
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24
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Li MY, Yuan HL, Ko FWS, Wu B, Long X, Du J, Wu J, Ng CSH, Wan IYP, Mok TSK, Hui DSC, Underwood MJ, Chen GG. Antineoplastic effects of 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer 2015; 121 Suppl 17:3130-45. [PMID: 26331820 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that the levels of 15-lipoxygenase 1 (15-LOX-1) and 15-LOX-2 as well as their metabolites 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13(S)-HODE) and 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE) are significantly reduced in smokers with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Furthermore, animal model experiments have indicated that the reduction of these molecules occurs before the establishment of cigarette smoking carcinogen-induced lung tumors, and this suggests roles in lung tumorigenesis. However, the functions of these molecules remain unknown in NSCLC. METHODS NSCLC cells were treated with exogenous 13(S)-HODE and 15(S)-HETE, and then the ways in which they affected cell function were examined. 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2 were also overexpressed in tumor cells to restore these 2 enzymes to generate endogenous 13(S)-HODE and 15(S)-HETE before cell function was assessed. RESULTS The application of exogenous 13(S)-HODE and 15(S)-HETE significantly enhanced the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and activated caspases 9 and 3. The overexpression of 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2 obviously promoted the endogenous levels of 13(S)-HODE and 15(S)-HETE, which were demonstrated to be more effective in the inhibition of NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstrated that exogenous or endogenous 13(S)-HODE and 15(S)-HETE can functionally inhibit NSCLC, likely by activating PPARγ. The restoration of 15-LOX activity to increase the production of endogenous 15(S)-HETE and 13(S)-HODE may offer a novel research direction for molecular targeting treatment of smoking-related NSCLC. This strategy can potentially avoid side effects associated with the application of synthetic PPARγ ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yue Li
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ling Yuan
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanny W S Ko
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guang Dong Medical College, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Long
- Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Du
- Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guang Dong Medical College, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Calvin S H Ng
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Innes Y P Wan
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tony S K Mok
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - David S C Hui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Malcolm J Underwood
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - George G Chen
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Wang C, Zhang Y, Guo K, Wang N, Jin H, Liu Y, Qin W. Heat shock proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma: Molecular mechanism and therapeutic potential. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1824-34. [PMID: 26853533 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved proteins, which are expressed at low levels under normal conditions, but significantly induced in response to cellular stresses. As molecular chaperones, HSPs play crucial roles in protein homeostasis, apoptosis, invasion and cellular signaling transduction. The induction of HSPs is an important part of heat shock response, which could help cancer cells to adapt to stress conditions. Because of the constant stress condition in tumor microenvironment, HSPs overexpression is widely reported in many human cancers. In light of the significance of HSPs for cancer cells to survive and obtain invasive phenotype under stress condition, HSPs are often associated with poor prognosis and treatment resistance in many types of human cancers. It has been described that upregulation of HSPs may serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeting HSPs with specific inhibitor alone or in combination with chemotherapy regimens holds promise for the improvement of outcomes for HCC patients. In this review, we summarize the expression profiles, functions and molecular mechanisms of HSPs (HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90) as well as a HSP-like protein (clusterin) in HCC. In addition, we address progression and challenges in targeting these HSPs as novel therapeutic strategies in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Guo
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinkun Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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26
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Fitian AI, Nelson DR, Liu C, Xu Y, Ararat M, Cabrera R. Integrated metabolomic profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C cirrhosis through GC/MS and UPLC/MS-MS. Liver Int 2014; 34:1428-44. [PMID: 24661807 PMCID: PMC4169337 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The metabolic pathway disturbances associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unsatisfactorily characterized. Determination of the metabolic alterations associated with the presence of HCC can improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of this cancer and may provide opportunities for improved disease monitoring of patients at risk for HCC development. To characterize the global metabolic alterations associated with HCC arising from hepatitis C (HCV)-associated cirrhosis using an integrated non-targeted metabolomics methodology employing both gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS-MS). METHODS The global serum metabolomes of 30 HCC patients, 27 hepatitis C cirrhosis disease controls and 30 healthy volunteers were characterized using a metabolomics approach that combined two metabolomics platforms, GC/MS and UPLC/MS-MS. Random forest, multivariate statistics and receiver operator characteristic analysis were performed to identify the most significantly altered metabolites in HCC patients vs. HCV-cirrhosis controls and which therefore exhibited a close association with the presence of HCC. RESULTS Elevated 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), 15-HETE, sphingosine, γ-glutamyl oxidative stress-associated metabolites, xanthine, amino acids serine, glycine and aspartate, and acylcarnitines were strongly associated with the presence of HCC. Elevations in bile acids and dicarboxylic acids were highly correlated with cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS Integrated metabolomic profiling through GC/MS and UPLC/MS-MS identified global metabolic disturbances in HCC and HCV-cirrhosis. Aberrant amino acid biosynthesis, cell turnover regulation, reactive oxygen species neutralization and eicosanoid pathways may be hallmarks of HCC. Aberrant dicarboxylic acid metabolism, enhanced bile acid metabolism and elevations in fibrinogen cleavage peptides may be signatures of cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asem I. Fitian
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David R. Nelson
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
,Department of Medicine, Section of Hepatobiliary Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yiling Xu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hepatobiliary Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Miguel Ararat
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hepatobiliary Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Roniel Cabrera
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hepatobiliary Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
,Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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