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Liu Y, Liu Q, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Yan H, Wang X, Li X, Zhao J, Hu J, Yang S, Tian Y, Yao Y, Qiu Z, Song Y, Yang Y. The regulatory role of PI3K in ageing-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 88:101963. [PMID: 37245633 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a physiological/pathological process accompanied by the progressive damage of cell function, triggering various ageing-related disorders. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), which serves as one of the central regulators of ageing, is closely associated with cellular characteristics or molecular features, such as genome instability, telomere erosion, epigenetic alterations, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, the PI3K signalling pathway was firstly thoroughly explained. The link between ageing pathogenesis and the PI3K signalling pathway was then summarized. Finally, the key regulatory roles of PI3K in ageing-related illnesses were investigated and stressed. In summary, we revealed that drug development and clinical application targeting PI3K is one of the focal points for delaying ageing and treating ageing-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yaru Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yazhe Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Huanle Yan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xiaoru Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jingyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yifan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Zhenye Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yanbin Song
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, 43 North Street, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Gradinaru D, Ungurianu A, Margina D, Moreno-Villanueva M, Bürkle A. Procaine-The Controversial Geroprotector Candidate: New Insights Regarding Its Molecular and Cellular Effects. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3617042. [PMID: 34373764 PMCID: PMC8349289 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3617042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1905 and its employment in everyday medical practice as a local anesthetic, to its highly controversial endorsement as an "anti-aging" molecule in the sixties and seventies, procaine is part of the history of medicine and gerontoprophylaxis. Procaine can be considered a "veteran" drug due to its long-time use in clinical practice, but is also a molecule which continues to incite interest, revealing new biological and pharmacological effects within novel experimental approaches. Therefore, this review is aimed at exploring and systematizing recent data on the biochemical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms involved in the antioxidant and potential geroprotective effects of procaine, focusing on the following aspects: (1) the research state-of-the-art, through an objective examination of scientific literature within the last 30 years, describing the positive, as well as the negative reports; (2) the experimental data supporting the beneficial effects of procaine in preventing or alleviating age-related pathology; and (3) the multifactorial pathways procaine impacts oxidative stress, inflammation, atherogenesis, cerebral age-related pathology, DNA damage, and methylation. According to reviewed data, procaine displayed antioxidant and cytoprotective actions in experimental models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, lipoprotein oxidation, endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation, inflammation, sepsis, intoxication, ionizing irradiation, cancer, and neurodegeneration. This analysis painted a complex pharmacological profile of procaine: a molecule that has not yet fully expressed its therapeutic potential in the treatment and prevention of aging-associated diseases. The numerous recent reports found demonstrate the rising interest in researching the multiple actions of procaine regulating key processes involved in cellular senescence. Its beneficial effects on cell/tissue functions and metabolism could designate procaine as a valuable candidate for the well-established Geroprotectors database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gradinaru
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, RO-020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Ungurianu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, RO-020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Denisa Margina
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, RO-020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Moreno-Villanueva
- Department of Sport Science, Human Performance Research Centre, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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3
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Dagher O, Mury P, Thorin-Trescases N, Noly PE, Thorin E, Carrier M. Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin to Alleviate Endothelial Dysfunction in Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:658400. [PMID: 33860002 PMCID: PMC8042157 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.658400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium occupies a catalog of functions that contribute to the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. It is a physically active barrier between circulating blood and tissue, a regulator of the vascular tone, a biochemical processor and a modulator of coagulation, inflammation, and immunity. Given these essential roles, it comes to no surprise that endothelial dysfunction is prodromal to chronic age-related diseases of the heart and arteries, globally termed cardiovascular diseases (CVD). An example would be ischemic heart disease (IHD), which is the main cause of death from CVD. We have made phenomenal advances in treating CVD, but the aging endothelium, as it senesces, always seems to out-run the benefits of medical and surgical therapies. Remarkably, many epidemiological studies have detected a correlation between a flavonoid-rich diet and a lower incidence of mortality from CVD. Quercetin, a member of the flavonoid class, is a natural compound ubiquitously found in various food sources such as fruits, vegetables, seeds, nuts, and wine. It has been reported to have a wide range of health promoting effects and has gained significant attention over the years. A growing body of evidence suggests quercetin could lower the risk of IHD by mitigating endothelial dysfunction and its risk factors, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, accumulation of senescent endothelial cells, and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). In this review, we will explore these pathophysiological cascades and their interrelation with endothelial dysfunction. We will then present the scientific evidence to quercetin's anti-atherosclerotic, anti-hypertensive, senolytic, and anti-EndoMT effects. Finally, we will discuss the prospect for its clinical use in alleviating myocardial ischemic injuries in IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olina Dagher
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pauline Mury
- Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Pierre Emmanuel Noly
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Thorin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Carrier
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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4
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Ghodsian N, Yeandle A, Gieseg SP. Foam cell formation but not oxLDL cytotoxicity is inhibited by CD36 down regulation by the macrophage antioxidant 7,8-dihydroneopterin. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 133:105918. [PMID: 33421634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.105918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is a key scavenger receptor in the control of macrophage uptake of oxidised low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL). CD36 expression levels are not down regulated by intracellular cholesterol but are upregulated by oxidised low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) leading to the formation of lipid loaded foam cells, a major constituent of atherosclerotic plaques. We have previous shown that CD36 is down regulated by 7,8-dihydroneopterin, an antioxidant generated by γ-interferon activated macrophages. How CD36 down regulation affects oxLDL induced cytotoxicity, CD36 oxLDL upregulation and foam cell formation is examined using human monocyte like U937 cell line as a model system of human macrophages. METHODS Low density lipoprotein (LDL) was prepared by ultracentrifugation from human plasma and oxidised in copper chloride. CD36 levels in U937 cells were measured by western blot analysis. and lipid accumulation was measured by oil red-O staining and 7-ketocholesterol accumulation by high performance liquid chromatography. Cell viability was measured by flow cytometry analysis after propidium iodide staining. RESULTS 7,8-dihydroneopterin concentrations above 100 μM caused a concentration and time dependent decrease in cellular CD36 levels to 20 % of the untreated cells after 24 h. Upregulation of CD36 by oxLDL was inhibited by 7,8-dihydroneopterin treatment. The CD36 down regulation was associated with decrease in foam cell formation but not a reduction on oxLDL cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS 7,8-dihydroneopterin down regulated CD36 in U937 cells, inhibiting foam cell formation but not oxLDL mediated cell death. 7,8-dihydroneopterin may modulate foam cell formation in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Ghodsian
- Free Radical Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Anthony Yeandle
- Free Radical Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Steven P Gieseg
- Free Radical Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand; Department of Radiology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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5
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Baxter-Parker G, Prebble HM, Cross S, Steyn N, Shchepetkina A, Hock BD, Cousins A, Gieseg SP. Neopterin formation through radical scavenging of superoxide by the macrophage synthesised antioxidant 7,8-dihydroneopterin. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:142-151. [PMID: 32145301 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Clinical measurement of neopterin has been extensively used as a marker of inflammation but the in vivo mechanism generating neopterin is poorly understood. Neopterin is described as the oxidation product of 7,8-dihydroneopterin, a potent antioxidant generated by monocyte/macrophages in response to interferon-γ. While peroxyl and hydroxyl scavenging generates dihydroxanthopterin, hypochlorite efficiently oxidises 7,8-dihydroneopterin into neopterin, but this reaction alone does not explain the high levels of neopterin seen in clinical data. Here, we examine whether superoxide scavenging by 7,8-dihydroneopterin generates neopterin. U937 cells incubated with oxLDL showed a time dependent increase superoxide and 7,8-dihydroneopterin oxidation to neopterin. Neopterin generation in oxLDL or phorbol ester treated U937 cells or human monocytes was inhibited by apocynin and PEG-SOD. Addition of the myeloperoxidase inhibitor 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide (ABAH) had no effect of the superoxide generation or neopterin formation. 7,8-Dihydroneopterin reacted with superoxide/hydroxy radical mixtures generated by X-ray radiolysis to give neopterin. Formation of neopterin by superoxide derived from the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system was inhibited by superoxide dismutase. Neopterin formation was inhibited by apocynin in phorbol ester treated human carotid plaque rings in tissue culture. These results indicate that 7,8-dihydroneopterin scavenges superoxide and is subsequently oxidised into neopterin in cellular and cell-free experimental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Baxter-Parker
- Free Radical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Hannah M Prebble
- Free Radical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sean Cross
- Free Radical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Nina Steyn
- Free Radical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Anastasia Shchepetkina
- Free Radical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Barry D Hock
- Haematology Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Cousins
- Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, Christchurch Hospital, Canterbury District Health Board, New Zealand
| | - Steven P Gieseg
- Free Radical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; Department of Radiology, University of Otago Christchurch, New Zealand; European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland.
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6
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Janmale TV, Lindsay A, Gieseg SP. Nucleoside transporters are critical to the uptake and antioxidant activity of 7,8-dihydroneopterin in monocytic cells. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:341-350. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1764948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tejraj V. Janmale
- Free Radical Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Angus Lindsay
- Free Radical Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Steven P. Gieseg
- Free Radical Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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7
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Namba Y, Sogawa C, Okusha Y, Kawai H, Itagaki M, Ono K, Murakami J, Aoyama E, Ohyama K, Asaumi JI, Takigawa M, Okamoto K, Calderwood SK, Kozaki KI, Eguchi T. Depletion of Lipid Efflux Pump ABCG1 Triggers the Intracellular Accumulation of Extracellular Vesicles and Reduces Aggregation and Tumorigenesis of Metastatic Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2018; 8:376. [PMID: 30364132 PMCID: PMC6191470 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) is a cholesterol lipid efflux pump whose role in tumor growth has been largely unknown. Our transcriptomics revealed that ABCG1 was powerfully expressed in rapidly metastatic, aggregative colon cancer cells, in all the ABC transporter family members. Coincidently, genetic amplification of ABCG1 is found in 10–35% of clinical samples of metastatic cancer cases. Expression of ABCG1 was further elevated in three-dimensional tumoroids (tumor organoids) within stemness-enhancing tumor milieu, whereas depletion of ABCG1 lowered cellular aggregation and tumoroid growth in vitro as well as hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in cancer cells around the central necrotic areas in tumors in vivo. Notably, depletion of ABCG1 triggered the intracellular accumulation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and regression of tumoroids. Collectively, these data suggest that ABCG1 plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis in metastatic cancer and that depletion of ABCG1 triggers tumor regression with the accumulation of EVs and their derivatives and cargos, implicating a novel ABCG1-targeting therapeutic strategy by which redundant and toxic substances may be accumulated in tumors leading to their regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Namba
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chiharu Sogawa
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuka Okusha
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hotaka Kawai
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mami Itagaki
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kisho Ono
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Murakami
- Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Oral Diagnosis and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Eriko Aoyama
- Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazumi Ohyama
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Asaumi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaharu Takigawa
- Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Okamoto
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Stuart K Calderwood
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ken-Ichi Kozaki
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takanori Eguchi
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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8
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Neopterin, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress: What Could We Be Missing? Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7070080. [PMID: 29949851 PMCID: PMC6071275 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7070080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neopterin has been extensively used as a clinical marker of immune activation during inflammation in a wide range of conditions and stresses. However, the analysis of neopterin alone neglects the cellular reactions that generate it in response to interferon-γ. Neopterin is the oxidation product of 7,8-dihydroneopterin, which is a potent antioxidant generated by interferon-γ-activated macrophages. 7,8-Dihydroneopterin can protect macrophage cells from a range of oxidants through a scavenging reaction that generates either neopterin or dihydroxanthopterin, depending on the oxidant. Therefore, plasma and urinary neopterin levels are dependent on both macrophage activation to generate 7,8-dihydroneopterin and subsequent oxidation to neopterin. This relationship is clearly shown in studies of exercise and impact-induced injury during intense contact sport. Here, we argue that neopterin and total neopterin, which is the combined value of 7,8-dihydroneopterin and neopterin, could provide a more comprehensive analysis of clinical inflammation than neopterin alone.
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9
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Qi J, Zheng JB, Ai WT, Yao XW, Liang L, Cheng G, Shou XL, Sun CF. Felodipine inhibits ox-LDL-induced reactive oxygen species production and inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4871-4878. [PMID: 28791379 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) inhibit the development of atherosclerosis, although the underlying molecular basis has not been completely elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of felodipine, a CCB, on inflammation and oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to examine the underlying mechanisms of action. Oxidized low‑density lipoprotein (ox‑LDL) was used to induce an inflammatory response in HUVECs. The effects of felodipine were investigated by measuring the content of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), the mRNA and protein levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‑1) and vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM‑1), and the mRNA levels of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS), in addition to the adhesion ability of U937 cells to HUVECs. ROS and NO levels were significantly increased in HUVECs following 24‑h treatment with 25 mg/l ox‑LDL (P<0.01). The increase in ROS was reversed by treatment with felodipine. In addition, NO levels were increased following treatment with 1 µmol/l felodipine (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of ICAM‑1, VCAM‑1, eNOS and iNOS was increased (P<0.05). Administration of 0.1 µM felodipine significantly decreased the expression of ICAM‑1, VCAM‑1, and iNOS (P<0.05). The number of U937 cells adhered to ox‑LDL‑treated HUVECs was significantly increased compared with control, which was reversed by felodipine (0.1 µM). In conclusion, felodipine was demonstrated to inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, suggesting that it may be used to treat atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qi
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Bao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Ai
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Yao
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Lei Liang
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Ling Shou
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Feng Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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10
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Shchepetkina AA, Hock BD, Miller A, Kennedy MA, Gieseg SP. Effect of 7,8-dihydroneopterin mediated CD36 down regulation and oxidant scavenging on oxidised low-density lipoprotein induced cell death in human macrophages. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 87:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Lee YT, Hsieh YL, Yeh YH, Huang CY. Synthesis of phenolic amides and evaluation of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14137k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
15 phenolic amides (PAs) have been synthesized and examinedin vitrousing four tests: (1) prevention of Cu2+-induced human low-density lipoprotein oxidation, (2) scavenging of stable radicals, (3) anti-inflammatory activity, and (4) scavenging of superoxide radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Lee
- Department of Beauty Science
- National Taichung University of Science and Technology
- Taichung
- Republic of China
| | - You-Liang Hsieh
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology
- Asia University
- Taichung
- Republic of China
| | - Yen-Hung Yeh
- School of Health Diet and Industry Management
- Chung Shan Medical University
- Taichung
- Republic of China
- Department of Nutrition
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology
- Asia University
- Taichung
- Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science
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