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Miron RJ, Estrin NE, Sculean A, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 2-Emerging leaders in regenerative medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:257-414. [PMID: 38591622 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of diseases/conditions. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. Today exosomes have been applied in numerous contexts including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury), damaged organs (heart, kidney, liver, stroke, myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarctions, ovaries), degenerative processes (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hematology disorders, musculoskeletal degeneration, osteoradionecrosis, respiratory disease), infectious diseases (COVID-19, hepatitis), regenerative procedures (antiaging, bone regeneration, cartilage/joint regeneration, osteoarthritis, cutaneous wounds, dental regeneration, dermatology/skin regeneration, erectile dysfunction, hair regrowth, intervertebral disc repair, spinal cord injury, vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy (breast, colorectal, gastric cancer and osteosarcomas), immune function (allergy, autoimmune disorders, immune regulation, inflammatory diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). This scoping review is a first of its kind aimed at summarizing the extensive regenerative potential of exosomes over a broad range of diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan E Estrin
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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2
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Qi C, Min P, Wang Q, Wang Y, Song Y, Zhang Y, Bibi M, Du J. MICAL2 Contributes to Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation by Promoting YAP Dephosphorylation and Nuclear Translocation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9955717. [PMID: 34650666 PMCID: PMC8510804 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9955717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic cytoskeletal rearrangements underlie the changes that occur during cell division in proliferating cells. MICAL2 has been reported to possess reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) generating properties and act as an important regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics. However, whether it plays a role in gastric cancer cell proliferation is not known. In the present study, we found that MICAL2 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues, and this high expression level was associated with carcinogenesis and poor overall survival in gastric cancer patients. The knockdown of MICAL2 led to cell cycle arrest in the S phase and attenuated cell proliferation. Concomitant with S-phase arrest, a decrease in CDK6 and cyclin D protein levels was observed. Furthermore, MICAL2 knockdown attenuated intracellular ROS generation, while MICAL2 overexpression led to a decrease in the p-YAP/YAP ratio and promoted YAP nuclear localization and cell proliferation, effects that were reversed by pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and SOD-mimetic drug tempol. We further found that MICAL2 induced Cdc42 activation, and activated Cdc42 mediated the effect of MICAL2 on YAP dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Collectively, our results showed that MICAL2 has a promotive effect on gastric cancer cell proliferation through ROS generation and Cdc42 activation, both of which independently contribute to YAP dephosphorylation and its nuclear translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxiang Qi
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Pengxiang Min
- Key Laboratory of Cardio Vascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Qianwen Wang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yueyuan Wang
- The Laboratory Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yixuan Song
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Maria Bibi
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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3
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Li S, Shao L, Xu T, Jiang X, Yang G, Dong L. An indispensable tool: Exosomes play a role in therapy for radiation damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111401. [PMID: 33761615 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the three main treatments for tumors. Almost 70% of tumor patients undergo radiotherapy at different periods. Although radiotherapy can enhance the local control rate of tumors and patients' quality of life, normal tissues often show radiation damage following radiotherapy. In recent years, several studies have shown that exosomes could be biomarkers for diseases and be involved in the treatment of radiation damage. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles containing complex miRNAs and proteins. They can regulate the inflammatory response, enhance the regeneration effect of damaged tissue, and promote the repair of damaged tissues and cells, extending their survival time. In addition, their functions are achieved by paracrine signaling. In this review, we discuss the potential of exosomes as biomarkers and introduce the impact of exosomes on radiation damage in different organs and the hematopoietic system in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Lihong Shao
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Tiankai Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Guozi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Lihua Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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4
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Time series expression pattern of key genes reveals the molecular process of esophageal cancer. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222161. [PMID: 32068233 PMCID: PMC7048673 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the most poorly diagnosed and fatal cancers in the world. Although a series of studies on esophageal cancer have been reported, the molecular pathogenesis of the disease is still elusive. Aim: To investigate the molecular process of esophageal cancer comprehensively and deeply. Methods: Differential expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different stages of esophageal cancer. Then exacting gene interaction modules and hub genes were identified in module interaction network. Further, though survival analysis, methylation analysis, pivot analysis, and enrichment analysis, some important molecules and related function or pathway were identified to elucidate potential mechanism in esophageal cancer. Results: A total of 7457 DEGs and 14 gene interaction modules were identified. These module genes were significantly involved in the positive regulation of protein transport, gastric acid secretion, insulin-like growth factor receptor binding and other biological processes (BPs), as well as p53 signaling pathway, ERBB signaling pathway and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. Then, transcription factors (TFs) (including HIF1A) and ncRNAs (including CRNDE and hsa-mir-330-3p) significantly regulate dysfunction modules were identified. Further, survival analysis showed that GNGT2 was closely related to survival of esophageal cancer. And DEGs with strong methylation regulation ability were identified, including SST and SH3GL2. Conclusion: These works not only help us to reveal the potential regulatory factors in the development of disease, but also deepen our understanding of its deterioration mechanism.
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Zheng J, Yu H, Zhou A, Wu B, Liu J, Jia Y, Xiang L. It takes two to tango: coupling of Hippo pathway and redox signaling in biological process. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2760-2775. [PMID: 33016196 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1824448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippo pathway is a chain of kinases consists of a series of protein kinases and transcription factors. Meanwhile, oxidative stress is a condition of elevated concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause molecular damage to vital structures and functions. Both of them are key regulators in cell proliferation, survival, and development. These processes are strictly regulated by highly coordinated mechanisms, including c-Jun n-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, mTOR pathway and a number of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Recently, emerging evidence suggests that Hippo pathway is involved in the responses to cellular stresses, including mechanic stress, DNA damage, and oxidative stress, to mediate biological process, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, and metastasis. But the exact mechanism remains to be further explored. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings and discuss how Hippo pathway, oxidative stress, and the crosstalk between them regulate some biological process which determines cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Anqi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Bingfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Yinan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
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6
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Zhang J, Wu L, Lian C, Lian S, Bao S, Zhang J, Wang P, Ma J, Li Y. Nitidine chloride possesses anticancer property in lung cancer cells through activating Hippo signaling pathway. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:91. [PMID: 33024576 PMCID: PMC7502074 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitidine chloride (NC) has significant anti-tumor properties; however, the precise mechanism related to NC still needs further investigation. This study intends to investigate the anti-tumor functions and the feasible molecular basis of NC in NSCLC cells. Therefore, we determined the mechanism of NC-mediated anti-tumor function through various methods. Cell proliferation ability and migration and invasion were detected by CCK-8, colony formation assay and Transwell assay, respectively. Furthermore, flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis, cell cycle and ROS. Moreover, protein expression level was measured by western blot. Our results showed that NC can inhibit the growth, motility of NSCLC cells, induce apoptosis and arrest cell cycle. Meanwhile, NC increased the level of ROS in NSCLC cells. Moreover, western blot data showed that NC suppressed the expression of Lats1, Mob1, and YAP, and enhanced the expression of p-Lats1, p-Mob1, p-YAP1 (ser127). Overall, our research reveals that NC exerts anticancer activity by activating and modulating the Hippo signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030 China
| | - Linhui Wu
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030 China
| | - Chaoqun Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030 China
| | - Shuo Lian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030 China
| | - Shimeng Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030 China
| | - Jisheng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030 China
| | - Peter Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030 China
| | - Jia Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030 China
| | - Yuyun Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030 China
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7
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Abstract
Cancer has long been viewed as a disease of altered metabolism. Although it has long been recognized that the majority of cancer cells display increased dependence on glycolysis, the metabolism of "cancer stem-like cells" (CSCs) that drive tumor growth and metastasis is less well characterized. In this chapter, we review the current state of knowledge of CSC metabolism with an emphasis on the development of therapeutic strategies to exploit the metabolic vulnerabilities of these cells. We outline emerging evidence indicating distinct metabolic pathways active in the proliferative, epithelial- (E) and quiescent, mesenchymal-like (M) CSC states in triple negative breast cancer. These CSC states are characterized by their different redox potentials and divergent sensitivities to inhibitors of glycolysis and redox metabolism. We highlight the roles of two redox-regulated signaling pathways, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, in regulating CSC epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity during metabolic and/or oxidative stress, and discuss clinical strategies using combinations of pro-oxidant-based therapeutics simultaneously targeting E- and M-like CSCs. By specifically targeting CSCs of both states, these strategies have the potential to increase the therapeutic efficacy of traditional chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
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8
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Zhang J, Han X, Zhao Y, Xue X, Fan S. Mouse serum protects against total body irradiation-induced hematopoietic system injury by improving the systemic environment after radiation. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:382-392. [PMID: 30578918 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in total body irradiation (TBI)-induced hematopoietic system injury. However, the mechanisms involved in ROS production in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) post TBI need to be further explored. In this study, we demonstrated that hematopoietic system injury in mice radiated with TBI was effectively alleviated when the blood circulation environment was changed via the injection of serum from non-radiated mice. Serum injection increased the survival of radiated mice and ameliorated TBI-induced hematopoietic system injury through attenuating myeloid skew, increasing HSC frequency, and promoting the reconstitution of radiated HSCs. Serum injection also decreased ROS levels in HSCs and regulated oxidative stress-related proteins. A serum proteome sequence array showed that proteins related to tissue injury and oxidative stress were regulated, and a serum-derived exosome microRNA sequence assay showed that the PI3K-Akt and Hippo signaling pathways were affected in radiated mice injected with serum from non-radiated mice. Furthermore, a significant increase in cell viability and a decrease in ROS were observed in radiated lineage-c-kit+ cells treated with serum-derived exosomes. Similarly, an improvement in the impaired differentiation of HSCs was observed in radiated mice injected with serum-derived exosomes. Taken together, our observations suggest that serum from non-radiated mice alleviates HSC injury in radiated mice by improving the systemic environment after radiation, and exosomes contribute to this radioprotective effect as important serum active component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science/Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Xiaodan Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science/Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science/Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiaolei Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science/Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China; Baokang Hospital, University of Tianjin Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science/Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
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9
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Sheng N, Wang Y, Xie Y, Chen S, Lu J, Zhang Z, Li M, Shan Q, Wu D, Zheng G, Zheng Y, Fan S. High expression of LASS2 is associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:13001-13013. [PMID: 30537159 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Homo sapiens longevity assurance homolog 2 of yeast LAG1 (LASS2), is a gene isolated from a human liver complementary DNA library. In this study, we found that LASS2 protein level was positively related to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and LASS2-negative tumors showed significant association with longer disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in ovarian cancer patients. The heterogeneous expression of LASS2 had been exhibited in diverse ovarian cancer cells. A significantly lower messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein level of LASS2 was seen in 3AO cell compared with those in other types of ovarian cancer cells. Meanwhile, the mRNA and protein levels of LASS2 in ES-2 and NIH:OVCAR-3 cells were obviously higher. LASS2 overexpression in 3AO cell could promote migration, invasion, and metastasis abilities in vitro and in vivo, while LASS2 knockdown in ES-2 and NIH:OVCAR-3 cells had the opposite effects. The oncogenic capacity of LASS2 in ovarian cancer may be mediated by increased expression of YAP/TAZ. It is indicated that lowering the expression of LASS2 is likely to serve as an unprecedented approach for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sihan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengqiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guihong Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaohua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Posner MG, Upadhyay A, Ishima R, Kalli AC, Harris G, Kremerskothen J, Sansom MSP, Crennell SJ, Bagby S. Distinctive phosphoinositide- and Ca 2+-binding properties of normal and cognitive performance-linked variant forms of KIBRA C2 domain. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:9335-9344. [PMID: 29724824 PMCID: PMC6005455 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney- and brain-expressed protein (KIBRA), a multifunctional scaffold protein with around 20 known binding partners, is involved in memory and cognition, organ size control via the Hippo pathway, cell polarity, and membrane trafficking. KIBRA includes tandem N-terminal WW domains, a C2 domain, and motifs for binding atypical PKC and PDZ domains. A naturally occurring human KIBRA variant involving residue changes at positions 734 (Met-to-Ile) and 735 (Ser-to-Ala) within the C2 domain affects cognitive performance. We have elucidated 3D structures and calcium- and phosphoinositide-binding properties of human KIBRA C2 domain. Both WT and variant C2 adopt a canonical type I topology C2 domain fold. Neither Ca2+ nor any other metal ion was bound to WT or variant KIBRA C2 in crystal structures, and Ca2+ titration produced no significant reproducible changes in NMR spectra. NMR and X-ray diffraction data indicate that KIBRA C2 binds phosphoinositides via an atypical site involving β-strands 5, 2, 1, and 8. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that KIBRA C2 interacts with membranes via primary and secondary sites on the same domain face as the experimentally identified phosphoinositide-binding site. Our results indicate that KIBRA C2 domain association with membranes is calcium-independent and involves distinctive C2 domain-membrane relative orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike G. Posner
- From the Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Upadhyay
- From the Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Rieko Ishima
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Antreas C. Kalli
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom, ,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Harris
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Joachim Kremerskothen
- Internal Medicine D, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and
| | - Mark S. P. Sansom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Susan J. Crennell
- From the Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Bagby
- From the Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom, , To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.:
44-1225-386436; Fax:
44-1225-386779; E-mail:
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11
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Li N, Tong X, Zeng J, Meng G, Sun F, Hu H, Song J, Lu C, Dai F. Hippo pathway regulates somatic development and cell proliferation of silkworm. Genomics 2018; 111:391-397. [PMID: 29501778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hippo signaling pathway (signaling pathway Hippo, hereinafter referred to as the Hippo pathway) was the earliest found in Drosophila (Schneck [1]), which can regulate the development of tissues and organs, even some components of the pathway were identified as tumor suppressor [2]. The pathway was more concerned in fruit flies and mice (Schneck [1]), but little attention has been given in silkworm, an important economic and lepidopteran model insect. In this manuscript, we identified major Hippo pathway related genes (Hippo, Salvador, Warts, Mats, Yorkie) in silkworm and named BmHpo, BmSav, BmWts, BmMats, BmYki. The domain organization of these genes was highly conserved in silkworm and other organisms suggesting that they could use similar protein-protein interactions to construct the Hippo kinase cascades. The expression profiles of these genes in silkworm during embryonic, larval, wandering, pupal and adult stages were analyzed, 14 tissues/organs of the day 3, 5th instar larvae (L5D3) as well. Experimental results showed that the expression of Hippo pathway had some influence on the development of silkworm. In order to find out the mechanism of Hippo pathway affecting silkworm development, BmHpo and BmYki were up-regulated and de-regulated in the cell line of Bombyx mori-BmN-SWU1(NS), and the changes of cell proliferation activity and cell cycle were detected. The distribution of BmYki was detected by immunofluorescence technique. This study provides insights into the genes of Hippo pathway which have a certain effect on somatic development and cell proliferation in silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niannian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoling Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Gang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fuze Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiangbo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fangyin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Hamon A, Masson C, Bitard J, Gieser L, Roger JE, Perron M. Retinal Degeneration Triggers the Activation of YAP/TEAD in Reactive Müller Cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:1941-1953. [PMID: 28384715 PMCID: PMC6024660 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-21366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose During retinal degeneration, Müller glia cells respond to photoreceptor loss by undergoing reactive gliosis, with both detrimental and beneficial effects. Increasing our knowledge of the complex molecular response of Müller cells to retinal degeneration is thus essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies. The purpose of this work was to identify new factors involved in Müller cell response to photoreceptor cell death. Methods Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed from wild-type and degenerating rd10 mouse retinas at P30. The changes in mRNA abundance for several differentially expressed genes were assessed by quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Protein expression level and retinal cellular localization were determined by western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results Pathway-level analysis from whole transcriptomic data revealed the Hippo/YAP pathway as one of the main signaling pathways altered in response to photoreceptor degeneration in rd10 retinas. We found that downstream effectors of this pathway, YAP and TEAD1, are specifically expressed in Müller cells and that their expression, at both the mRNA and protein levels, is increased in rd10 reactive Müller glia after the onset of photoreceptor degeneration. The expression of Ctgf and Cyr61, two target genes of the transcriptional YAP/TEAD complex, is also upregulated following photoreceptor loss. Conclusions This work reveals for the first time that YAP and TEAD1, key downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, are specifically expressed in Müller cells. We also uncovered a deregulation of the expression and activity of Hippo/YAP pathway components in reactive Müller cells under pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaïg Hamon
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France 2Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Thérapeutique en Ophtalmologie, Retina France, Orsay, France
| | - Christel Masson
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France 2Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Thérapeutique en Ophtalmologie, Retina France, Orsay, France
| | - Juliette Bitard
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France 2Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Thérapeutique en Ophtalmologie, Retina France, Orsay, France
| | - Linn Gieser
- Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Jérôme E Roger
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France 2Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Thérapeutique en Ophtalmologie, Retina France, Orsay, France
| | - Muriel Perron
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France 2Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Thérapeutique en Ophtalmologie, Retina France, Orsay, France
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Gao Y, Cheng CY. Does cell polarity matter during spermatogenesis? SPERMATOGENESIS 2016; 6:e1218408. [PMID: 27635303 DOI: 10.1080/21565562.2016.1218408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell polarity is crucial to development since apico-basal polarity conferred by the 3 polarity protein modules (or complexes) is essential during embryogenesis, namely the Par (partition defective)-, the CRB (Crumbs)-, and the Scribble-based polarity protein modules. While these protein complexes and their component proteins have been extensively studied in Drosophila and C. elegans and also other mammalian tissues and/or cells, their presence and physiological significance in the testis remain unexplored until the first paper on the Par-based protein published in 2008. Since then, the Par-, the Scribble- and the CRB-based protein complexes and their component proteins in the testis have been studied. These proteins are known to confer Sertoli and spermatid polarity in the seminiferous epithelium, and they are also integrated components of the tight junction (TJ) and the basal ectoplasmic specialization (ES) at the Sertoli cell-cell interface near the basement membrane, which in turn constitute the blood-testis barrier (BTB). These proteins are also found at the apical ES at the Sertoli-spermatid interface. Thus, these polarity proteins also play a significant role in regulating Sertoli and spermatid adhesion in the testis through their actions on actin-based cytoskeletal function. Recent studies have shown that these polarity proteins are having antagonistic effects on the BTB integrity in which the Par6- and CRB3-based polarity complexes promotes the integrity of the Sertoli cell TJ-permeability barrier, whereas the Scribble-based complex promotes restructuring/remodeling of the Sertoli TJ-barrier function. Herein, we carefully evaluate these findings and provide a hypothetic model regarding their role in the testis in the context of the functions of these polarity proteins in other epithelia, so that better experiments can be designed in future studies to explore their significance in spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council , New York, NY, USA
| | - C Yan Cheng
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council , New York, NY, USA
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