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Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Wang R, Dong Y, Wu J, Shao L. Zinc oxide nanoparticles disrupt the mammary epithelial barrier via Z-DNA binding protein 1-triggered PANoptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116777. [PMID: 39053182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Lactation women, a highly concerned demographic in society, face health risks that deserve attention. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are widely utilized in food and daily products due to their excellent physicochemical properties, leading to the potential exposure of lactating women to ZnO NPs. Hence, assessing the potential risks associated with ZnO NP exposure during lactation is critical. While studies have confirmed that exposure to ZnO NPs during lactation can induce toxic responses in multiple organs through blood circulation, the effects of lactational exposure on mammary tissue remain unclear. This research investigated the impairment of mammary tissue induced by ZnO NPs and its potential mechanisms. Through administering multiple injections of ZnO NPs into the tail vein of lactating ICR mice, our study revealed that ZnO NPs can deposit in the mammary tissues, downregulating key components of mammary epithelial barrier such as ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-3. In vivo, we also found that ZnO NPs can simultaneously induce apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, called PANoptosis. Additionally, using EpH4-Ev cells to simulate an in vitro mammary epithelial barrier model, we observed that ZnO NPs effectively disrupted the integrity of mammary epithelial barrier and induced PANoptosis. Furthermore, we confirmed that PANoptosis was responsible for the mammary epithelial barrier disruption induced by ZnO NPs. Moreover, we identified that ZBP1 was the primary mechanism of ZnO NPs inducing PANoptosis. These discoveries are designed to enhance our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying mammary epithelial barrier disruption caused by ZnO NPs, and we aim to highlight the potential hazards associated with daily usage and therapeutic exposure to ZnO NPs during lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjun Zhu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Ruomeng Wang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yijia Dong
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
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Yuan B, Wang Y, Zong C, Sang L, Chen S, Liu C, Pan Y, Zhang H. Modeling study for predicting altered cellular activity induced by nanomaterials based on Dlk1-Dio3 gene expression and structural relationships. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 335:139090. [PMID: 37268226 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been widely applied and developed due to its unique physicochemical characteristics, such as their small size. The environmental and biological effects caused by nanomaterials have raised concerns. In particular, some nanometal oxides have obvious biological toxicity and pose a major safety problem. The prediction model established by combining the expression levels of key genes with quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies can predict the biotoxicity of nanomaterials by relying on both structural information and gene regulation information. This model can fill the gap of missing mechanisms in QSAR studies. In this study, we exposed A549 cells and BEAS-2B cells to 21 nanometal oxides for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed by measuring absorbance values using the CCK8 assay, and the expression levels of the Dlk1-Dio3 gene cluster were measured. By using the theoretical basis of the nano-QSAR model and the improved principles of the SMILES-based descriptors to combine specific gene expression and structural factors, new models were constructed using Monte Carlo partial least squares (MC-PLS) for the biotoxicity of the nanometal oxides on two different lung cells. The overall quality of the nano-QSAR models constructed by combining specific gene expression and structural parameters for A549 and BEAS-2B cells was better than that of the models constructed based on structural parameters only. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the A549 cell model increased from 0.9044 to 0.9969, and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) decreased from 0.1922 to 0.0348. The R2 of the BEAS-2B cell model increased from 0.9355 to 0.9705, and the RMSE decreased from 0.1206 to 0.0874. The model validation proved the proposed models have a good prediction, generalization ability and model stability. This study offers a new research perspective for the toxicity assessment of nanometal oxides, contributing to a more systematic safety evaluation of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Yuan
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Yunlin Wang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Cheng Zong
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Leqi Sang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Shuang Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Chengzhi Liu
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Yong Pan
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Huazhong Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
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In vitro investigation of zinc oxide nanoparticle toxic effects in spermatogonial cells at the molecular level. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 351:109687. [PMID: 34653396 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Because spermatogonia transmit genetic information across generations, their DNA must be protected from environmental damages, including exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), which are frequently used in modern technology. Here, we used an in vitro system enriched for spermatogonia and exposed them to 10 and 20 μg/ml ZnO NPs for one/seven days. We did not detect any significant cell death, chromosomal instability, or DNA fragmentation in the spermatogonia treated with the ZnO NPs following one-day treatment with 10 or 20 μg/ml ZnO NPs. However, ZnO NPs (both 10 and 20 μg/ml) induced chromosomal instability in the spermatogonia after seven days of treatment. Moreover, one-day exposure to these NPs induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and upregulation of apoptotic pathway-related genes p53, Caspase3 and Il6, as an inflammatory factor. Taken together, our study provides preliminary evidence for possible damages induced by low concentrations of ZnO NPs in spermatogonia. We should pay increased attention when using these NPs because of the silent damages in spermatogonia that can be transmitted to the next generation and cause severe effects. However, more data and validation of these results are required to determine the extent of this concern.
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In vitro cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles in mouse ovarian germ cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 70:105032. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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