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Horvat S, Kos J, Pišlar A. Multifunctional roles of γ-enolase in the central nervous system: more than a neuronal marker. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:61. [PMID: 38735971 PMCID: PMC11089681 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Enolase, a multifunctional protein with diverse isoforms, has generally been recognized for its primary roles in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. The shift in isoform expression from α-enolase to neuron-specific γ-enolase extends beyond its enzymatic role. Enolase is essential for neuronal survival, differentiation, and the maturation of neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system. Neuron-specific γ-enolase is a critical biomarker for neurodegenerative pathologies and neurological conditions, not only indicating disease but also participating in nerve cell formation and neuroprotection and exhibiting neurotrophic-like properties. These properties are precisely regulated by cysteine peptidase cathepsin X and scaffold protein γ1-syntrophin. Our findings suggest that γ-enolase, specifically its C-terminal part, may offer neuroprotective benefits against neurotoxicity seen in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, although the therapeutic potential of γ-enolase seems promising, the effectiveness of enolase inhibitors is under debate. This paper reviews the research on the roles of γ-enolase in the central nervous system, especially in pathophysiological events and the regulation of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Horvat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janko Kos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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2
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Sun L, Suo C, Zhang T, Shen S, Gu X, Qiu S, Zhang P, Wei H, Ma W, Yan R, Chen R, Jia W, Cao J, Zhang H, Gao P. ENO1 promotes liver carcinogenesis through YAP1-dependent arachidonic acid metabolism. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1492-1503. [PMID: 37500770 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01391-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Enolase 1 (ENO1) is a glycolytic enzyme that plays essential roles in various pathological activities including cancer development. However, the mechanisms underlying ENO1-contributed tumorigenesis are not well explained. Here, we uncover that ENO1, as an RNA-binding protein, binds to the cytosine-uracil-guanine-rich elements of YAP1 messenger RNA to promote its translation. ENO1 and YAP1 positively regulate alternative arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism by inverse regulation of PLCB1 and HPGD (15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase). The YAP1/PLCB1/HPGD axis-mediated activation of AA metabolism and subsequent accumulation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are responsible for ENO1-mediated cancer progression, which can be retarded by aspirin. Finally, aberrant activation of ENO1/YAP1/PLCB1 and decreased HPGD expression in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma samples indicate a potential correlation between ENO1-regulated AA metabolism and cancer development. These findings underline a new function of ENO1 in regulating AA metabolism and tumorigenesis, suggesting a therapeutic potential for aspirin in patients with liver cancer with aberrant expression of ENO1 or YAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linchong Sun
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Caixia Suo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengqi Shen
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Gu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiqiao Qiu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinggen Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haoran Wei
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ronghui Yan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Jia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Ping Gao
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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SecA2 Associates with Translating Ribosomes and Contributes to the Secretion of Potent IFN-β Inducing RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315021. [PMID: 36499346 PMCID: PMC9736482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein secretion plays a central role in modulating interactions of the human pathogen Listeria monocytogenes with its environment. Recently, secretion of RNA has emerged as an important strategy used by the pathogen to manipulate the host cell response to its advantage. In general, the Sec-dependent translocation pathway is a major route for protein secretion in L. monocytogenes, but mechanistic insights into the secretion of RNA by these pathways are lacking. Apart from the classical SecA1 secretion pathway, L. monocytogenes also encodes for a SecA paralogue (SecA2) which targets the export of a specific subset of proteins, some of which are involved in virulence. Here, we demonstrated that SecA2 co-sediments with translating ribosomes and provided evidence that it associates with a subset of secreted small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) that induce high levels of IFN-β response in host cells. We found that enolase, which is translocated by a SecA2-dependent mechanism, binds to several sRNAs, suggesting a pathway by which sRNAs are targeted to the supernatant of L. monocytogenes.
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Wegener M, Dietz KJ. The mutual interaction of glycolytic enzymes and RNA in post-transcriptional regulation. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 28:1446-1468. [PMID: 35973722 PMCID: PMC9745834 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079210.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
About three decades ago, researchers suggested that metabolic enzymes participate in cellular processes that are unrelated to their catalytic activity, and the term "moonlighting functions" was proposed. Recently developed advanced technologies in the field of RNA interactome capture now unveil the unexpected RNA binding activity of many metabolic enzymes, as exemplified here for the enzymes of glycolysis. Although for most of these proteins a precise binding mechanism, binding conditions, and physiological relevance of the binding events still await in-depth clarification, several well explored examples demonstrate that metabolic enzymes hold crucial functions in post-transcriptional regulation of protein synthesis. This widely conserved RNA-binding function of glycolytic enzymes plays major roles in controlling cell activities. The best explored examples are glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, enolase, phosphoglycerate kinase, and pyruvate kinase. This review summarizes current knowledge about the RNA-binding activity of the ten core enzymes of glycolysis in plant, yeast, and animal cells, its regulation and physiological relevance. Apparently, a tight bidirectional regulation connects core metabolism and RNA biology, forcing us to rethink long established functional singularities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Wegener
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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5
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Huppertz I, Perez-Perri JI, Mantas P, Sekaran T, Schwarzl T, Russo F, Ferring-Appel D, Koskova Z, Dimitrova-Paternoga L, Kafkia E, Hennig J, Neveu PA, Patil K, Hentze MW. Riboregulation of Enolase 1 activity controls glycolysis and embryonic stem cell differentiation. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2666-2680.e11. [PMID: 35709751 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Differentiating stem cells must coordinate their metabolism and fate trajectories. Here, we report that the catalytic activity of the glycolytic enzyme Enolase 1 (ENO1) is directly regulated by RNAs leading to metabolic rewiring in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). We identify RNA ligands that specifically inhibit ENO1's enzymatic activity in vitro and diminish glycolysis in cultured human cells and mESCs. Pharmacological inhibition or RNAi-mediated depletion of the protein deacetylase SIRT2 increases ENO1's acetylation and enhances its RNA binding. Similarly, induction of mESC differentiation leads to increased ENO1 acetylation, enhanced RNA binding, and inhibition of glycolysis. Stem cells expressing mutant forms of ENO1 that escape or hyper-activate this regulation display impaired germ layer differentiation. Our findings uncover acetylation-driven riboregulation of ENO1 as a physiological mechanism of glycolytic control and of the regulation of stem cell differentiation. Riboregulation may represent a more widespread principle of biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Huppertz
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joel I Perez-Perri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Mantas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thileepan Sekaran
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schwarzl
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesco Russo
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dunja Ferring-Appel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zuzana Koskova
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Eleni Kafkia
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Janosch Hennig
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierre A Neveu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kiran Patil
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Hentze
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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6
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ENO1 suppresses cancer cell ferroptosis by degrading the mRNA of iron regulatory protein 1. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:75-89. [PMID: 35121990 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00299-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
α-Enolase 1 (ENO1) is a critical glycolytic enzyme whose aberrant expression drives the pathogenesis of various cancers. ENO1 has been indicated as having additional roles beyond its conventional metabolic activity, but the underlying mechanisms and biological consequences remain elusive. Here, we show that ENO1 suppresses iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) expression to regulate iron homeostasis and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that ENO1, as an RNA-binding protein, recruits CNOT6 to accelerate the messenger RNA decay of IRP1 in cancer cells, leading to inhibition of mitoferrin-1 (Mfrn1) expression and subsequent repression of mitochondrial iron-induced ferroptosis. Moreover, through in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical sample analysis, we identified IRP1 and Mfrn1 as tumor suppressors by inducing ferroptosis in HCC cells. Taken together, this study establishes an important role for the ENO1-IRP1-Mfrn1 pathway in the pathogenesis of HCC and reveals a previously unknown connection between this pathway and ferroptosis, suggesting a potential innovative cancer therapy.
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7
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Park MK, Zhang L, Min KW, Cho JH, Yeh CC, Moon H, Hormaechea-Agulla D, Mun H, Ko S, Lee JW, Jathar S, Smith AS, Yao Y, Giang NT, Vu HH, Yan VC, Bridges MC, Kourtidis A, Muller F, Chang JH, Song SJ, Nakagawa S, Hirose T, Yoon JH, Song MS. NEAT1 is essential for metabolic changes that promote breast cancer growth and metastasis. Cell Metab 2021; 33:2380-2397.e9. [PMID: 34879239 PMCID: PMC8813003 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Accelerated glycolysis is the main metabolic change observed in cancer, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and their role in cancer progression remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the deletion of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Neat1 in MMTV-PyVT mice profoundly impairs tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis, specifically switching off the penultimate step of glycolysis. Mechanistically, NEAT1 directly binds and forms a scaffold bridge for the assembly of PGK1/PGAM1/ENO1 complexes and thereby promotes substrate channeling for high and efficient glycolysis. Notably, NEAT1 is upregulated in cancer patients and correlates with high levels of these complexes, and genetic and pharmacological blockade of penultimate glycolysis ablates NEAT1-dependent tumorigenesis. Finally, we demonstrate that Pinin mediates glucose-stimulated nuclear export of NEAT1, through which it exerts isoform-specific and paraspeckle-independent functions. These findings establish a direct role for NEAT1 in regulating tumor metabolism, provide new insights into the Warburg effect, and identify potential targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyung Park
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kyung-Won Min
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Chih-Chen Yeh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyesu Moon
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel Hormaechea-Agulla
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyejin Mun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Seungbeom Ko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Sonali Jathar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Laboratory of lncRNA Biology, National Center for Cell Science, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Aubrey S Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Yixin Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nguyen Thu Giang
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Ha Vu
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Victoria C Yan
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mary C Bridges
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Florian Muller
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeong Ho Chang
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jung Song
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hirose
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Je-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Min Sup Song
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Kandala D, Del Piano A, Minati L, Clamer M. Targeting Translation Activity at the Ribosome Interface with UV-Active Small Molecules. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:10336-10345. [PMID: 31460127 PMCID: PMC6648492 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Puromycin is a well-known antibiotic that is used to study the mechanism of protein synthesis and to monitor ribosome activity due to its incorporation into nascent peptide chains. However, puromycin effects outside the ribosome catalytic core remain unexplored. Here, we developed two analogues (3PB and 3PC) of the 3'-end of tyrosylated-tRNA that can efficiently interact with several proteins associated with ribosomes. We biochemically characterized the binding of these analogues and globally mapped the direct small molecule-protein interactions in living cells using clickable and photoreactive puromycin-like probes in combination with in-depth mass spectrometry. We identified a list of proteins targeted by the molecules during ribosome activity (e.g., GRP78), and we addressed possible uses of the probes to sense the activity of protein synthesis and to capture associated RNA. By coupling genome-wide RNA sequencing methods with these molecules, the characterization of unexplored translational control mechanisms will be feasible.
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Albihlal WS, Gerber AP. Unconventional
RNA
‐binding proteins: an uncharted zone in
RNA
biology. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2917-2931. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed S. Albihlal
- Department of Microbial Sciences School of Biosciences and Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey Guildford UK
| | - André P. Gerber
- Department of Microbial Sciences School of Biosciences and Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey Guildford UK
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10
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Umair S, Bouchet CLG, Knight JS, Pernthaner A, Simpson HV. Molecular and biochemical characterisation and recognition by the immune host of the enolase of the abomasal nematode parasite Teladorsagia circumcincta. Exp Parasitol 2016; 172:30-38. [PMID: 27939767 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A 1299 bp full length cDNA encoding Teladorsagia circumcincta enolase (TeciENO) was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant protein purified and its kinetic properties determined. Helminth enolase sequences were used to construct a phylogenetic tree. The predicted protein consisted of 433 amino acids and was present as a single band of about 50 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Multiple alignments of the protein sequence of TeciENO with homologues from other helminths showed 98% similarity with Haemonchus contortus enolase, 78-95% similarity to other nematode sequences and 72-75% similarity to cestode and trematode enolases. Substrate binding sites and conserved regions were identified and were completely conserved in other homologues. The optimum pH for TeciENO activity at 25 °C was pH 7, the Km for 2-phophoglycerate 0.09 ± 0.04 mM and the Vmax was 604 ± 6 nmol min-1 mg-1 protein (both mean ± SD, n = 2). TeciENO activity was inhibited by 11.5% by 1 mM citrate (p < 0.001). Antibodies in both serum and saliva from field-immune, but not nematode-naïve, sheep recognised recombinant TeciENO in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The recognition of the recombinant protein by antibodies generated by exposure of sheep to native enolase indicates similar antigenicity of the two proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Umair
- AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - C L G Bouchet
- AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - J S Knight
- AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - A Pernthaner
- AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - H V Simpson
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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11
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Nontemplate-driven polymers: clues to a minimal form of organization closure at the early stages of living systems. Theory Biosci 2015; 134:47-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s12064-015-0209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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The structure, function and evolution of proteins that bind DNA and RNA. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2014; 15:749-60. [PMID: 25269475 DOI: 10.1038/nrm3884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proteins that bind both DNA and RNA typify the ability of a single gene product to perform multiple functions. Such DNA- and RNA-binding proteins (DRBPs) have unique functional characteristics that stem from their specific structural features; these developed early in evolution and are widely conserved. Proteins that bind RNA have typically been considered as functionally distinct from proteins that bind DNA and studied independently. This practice is becoming outdated, in partly owing to the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that target DNA-binding proteins. Consequently, DRBPs were found to regulate many cellular processes, including transcription, translation, gene silencing, microRNA biogenesis and telomere maintenance.
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13
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Bao S, Guo X, Yu S, Ding J, Tan L, Zhang F, Sun Y, Qiu X, Chen G, Ding C. Mycoplasma synoviae enolase is a plasminogen/fibronectin binding protein. BMC Vet Res 2014; 10:223. [PMID: 25253294 PMCID: PMC4189797 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-014-0223-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mycoplasma synoviae is an avian pathogen that can lead to respiratory tract infections and arthritis in chickens and turkeys, resulting in serious economic losses to the poultry industry. Enolase reportedly plays important roles in several bacterial pathogens, but its role in M. synoviae has not been established. Therefore, in this study, the enolase encoding gene (eno) of M. synoviae was amplified from strain WVU1853 and expressed in E. coli BL21 cells. Then the enzymatic activity, immunogenicity and binding activity with chicken plasminogen (Plg) and human fibronectin (Fn) was evaluated. Results We demonstrated that the recombinant M. synoviae enolase protein (rMsEno) can catalyze the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PGA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the Km and Vmax values of rMsEno were 1.1 × 10−3 M and 0.739 μmol/L/min, respectively. Western blot and immuno-electron microscopy analyses confirmed that enolase was distributed on the surface and within the cytoplasm of M. synoviae cells. The binding assays demonstrated that rMsEno was able to bind to chicken Plg and human Fn proteins. A complement-dependent mycoplasmacidal assay demonstrated that rabbit anti–rMsEno serum had distinct mycoplasmacidal efficacy in the presence of complement, which also confirmed that enolase was distributed on the surface of M. synoviae. An inhibition assay showed that the adherence of M. synoviae to DF-1 cells pre-treated with Plg could be effectively inhibited by treatment with rabbit anti-rMsEno serum. Conclusion These results reveal that M. synoviae enolase has good catalytic activity for conversion of 2-PGA to PEP, and binding activity with chicken Plg and human Fn. Rabbit anti–rMsEno serum displayed an obvious complement-dependent mycoplasmacidal effect and adherent inhibition effect. These results suggested that the M. synoviae enolase plays an important role in M. synoviae metabolism, and could potentially impact M. synoviae infection and immunity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-014-0223-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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14
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García-Muñoz A, Bologna-Molina R, Aldape-Barrios B, Licéaga-Escalera C, Montoya-Pérez LA, Rodríguez MA. Identification of proteins with increased levels in ameloblastic carcinoma. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 72:1183-96. [PMID: 24485979 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The comparative proteomic approach by a combination of 2-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MS) analysis is an attractive strategy for the discovery of cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The identification of protein biomarkers associated with ameloblastic carcinoma (AC), a malignant epithelial odontogenic tumor, will potentially improve the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy for this malignant neoplasm. The aim of the present study was to identify highly expressed proteins in AC that could be considered as potential biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS The protein profile of an AC was compared with the protein profiles of 3 cases of benign ameloblastoma. Proteins that showed increased levels in AC were identified using MS, and the augmented amount of some of these proteins in the malignant lesion was confirmed by Western blot or immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We detected a total of 782 spots in the protein profile of AC, and 19 of them, showing elevated levels compared with benign ameloblastoma, were identified using MS. These proteins have been implicated in several cellular functions, such as cell structure, metabolism, stress response, and signal transduction. CONCLUSIONS The increased expression of the identified proteins and the minor expression of some proteins that might inhibit tumor progression could be involved in the evolution from a benign lesion to carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro García-Muñoz
- Assistant Professor, Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, D.F., México; and Departamento de Investigación, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, México
| | - Ronell Bologna-Molina
- Professor, Departamento de Investigación, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, México; and Patología Molecular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Beatriz Aldape-Barrios
- Professor, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Portal de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., México
| | - Carlos Licéaga-Escalera
- Professor, Departamento de Cirugía Maxilofacial, Hospital Juárez de México, México, D.F., México
| | - Luis A Montoya-Pérez
- Professor, Departamento de Cirugía Maxilofacial, Hospital Juárez de México, México, D.F., México
| | - Mario A Rodríguez
- Professor, Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, México, D.F., México.
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